Electric flocculation reactor and electric flocculation treatment method

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric flocculation reactor and an electric flocculation treatment method. The electric flocculation reactor is provided with a biochemical treatment unit and a pretreatment unit located in the front of the biochemical treatment unit, and an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing is arranged in the pretreatment unit. According to the electric flocculation treatment method, the electric flocculation reactor is adopted for removing pollutants in water, the distance between electrode plates in the electrode assembly is set or adjusted according to the water flow of inlet water or the pollutant flow, the biochemical treatment unit comprises an aerobic tank, the electrode assembly is arranged in the aerobic tank, iron ions are released through the electrode assembly, and the water quality is improved. And an iron ion environment beneficial to growth and metabolism of aerobic microorganisms is formed. According to the invention, the electrode spacing of the electric flocculation reaction can be adjusted, and the electric flocculation reaction device can better adapt to actual requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electrocoagulation reactor and an electrocoagulation treatment method. Background Art

[0002] Water treatment devices such as electrocoagulation reactors need to be provided with electrode assemblies. Among them, electrocoagulation uses a metal plate as the anode. Under the action of direct current, the anode is corroded, generating a large number of metal cations, which form larger flocculants through a series of coagulation and flocculation processes, so that colloidal impurities and suspended impurities in the wastewater are coagulated and precipitated for separation. Currently, the electrodes used for electrocoagulation usually adopt two parallel plate electrodes (which can be called electrode plates), which are connected and fixed through a fixed connection structure. Since the distance between such electrode plates is fixed, it is difficult to well adapt to the amount of water to be treated. Therefore, not only the treatment effect is affected, but also the anode of the electrode plate is prone to passivation, changing from a soluble anode to an insoluble anode, resulting in increased maintenance costs, increased power consumption, and reduced production efficiency.

[0003] On the other hand, biochemical treatment based on microbial metabolism is a common method for advanced wastewater treatment, and each has its own advantages compared with the electrocoagulation method. Combining the two can obtain better treatment effects and better meet the requirements of advanced treatment. Biological fillers can be set in the corresponding treatment pool for biochemical treatment, and the biological fillers are used as carriers for microbial film formation to increase the sludge concentration, reduce the sludge load, and promote the degradation of organic matter. Currently, the setting of fillers is to stack / fill hard filler monomers in the filler area in the pool to form a filler layer, or to use flexible fiber fillers and lay them in the corresponding area. In the setting method of stacking and filling hard filler monomers, the filler monomers are mutually extruded and are not easy to move, which not only affects the effective mixing and contact of activated sludge with water and pollutants in the water, but also the filler layer is prone to blockage, resulting in increased resistance and difficult aeration; in the setting method of flexible fiber fillers, the sludge accommodation capacity of the fillers is limited, restricting the improvement of treatment efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to realize adjustable and adjustable electrode spacing for electrocoagulation reaction to better meet the actual needs.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: an electrocoagulation reactor is provided with a biochemical treatment unit and a pretreatment unit located in front of the biochemical treatment unit. An electrode assembly is provided in the pretreatment unit, and the electrode assembly is an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing.

[0006] The effluent of the pretreatment unit is connected to the biochemical treatment unit.

[0007] The way that the effluent of the pretreatment unit is connected to the biochemical treatment unit can be directly connected to the biochemical treatment unit or connected to the biochemical treatment unit through one or more other treatment units (treatment units located between the pretreatment unit and the biochemical treatment unit).

[0008] The pretreatment unit may be provided with a pretreatment tank or consist of a pretreatment tank.

[0009] The number of the pretreatment tanks is usually one, and when necessary, it can also be multiple. Multiple pretreatment tanks can be connected in series and / or in parallel according to actual needs.

[0010] The electrode assembly is located in the water space (the space with water during operation) in the tank, and generates current and releases iron ions after being energized. One or more electrode assemblies can be provided in the same pretreatment tank. When multiple electrode assemblies are provided, the multiple electrode assemblies can be arranged side by side and / or front and back in the tank according to actual needs.

[0011] The electrode assembly can be installed in the reactor (tank) in a hanging manner or any other suitable manner. For example, a hanging rod (hanging hook) that can be hung on the tank wall is provided on the electrode assembly, thereby facilitating the installation, disassembly and replacement of the electrode assembly.

[0012] Preferably, the biochemical treatment unit includes an aerobic tank. An electrode assembly may or may not be provided in the aerobic tank.

[0013] The electrode assembly in the aerobic tank is preferably an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing, and according to actual needs, it can also be an electrode assembly with non-adjustable electrode spacing.

[0014] The biochemical treatment unit may further include an anoxic tank. The anoxic tank is located before the aerobic tank, the effluent of the pretreatment unit is connected to the anoxic tank, and the effluent of the anoxic tank is connected to the aerobic tank.

[0015] Multi-stage cyclic treatment can be set up.

[0016] For example, the number of both the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank can be two, including a first aerobic tank, a second aerobic tank, a first anoxic tank and a second anoxic tank, and the first anoxic tank, the first aerobic tank, the second anoxic tank and the second aerobic tank are connected in sequence (the effluent of the previous tank is connected to the subsequent tank).

[0017] The biochemical treatment unit may further include an anaerobic tank (or called the first anaerobic tank), and the first anoxic tank, the anaerobic tank, the first aerobic tank, the second anoxic tank and the second aerobic tank are connected in sequence.

[0018] Packing (or called biological packing) may be provided in the aerobic tank.

[0019] The packing in the aerobic tank is preferably suspended packing.

[0020] An aeration device may be provided at the bottom of the aerobic tank.

[0021] Packing may be provided in the anoxic tank.

[0022] The packing in the anoxic tank is preferably suspended packing.

[0023] An aeration device may or may not be provided at the bottom of the anoxic tank.

[0024] Packing may or may not be provided in the anaerobic tank.

[0025] The packing in the anaerobic tank may be suspended packing or stacked packing.

[0026] The suspended packing may be distributed in part or all of the water space in the tank with suspended packing (for example, in the tank of the pretreatment unit, in the aerobic tank and / or anoxic tank with suspended packing).

[0027] The suspended packing may be composed of a number of packing monomers, and the packing monomers are connected (rigidly or flexibly, for example, bonded, clamped, or connected by a flexible rope) to a three-dimensional packing rack to form a suspended-like spatial distribution state.

[0028] The packing rack adopts any form that can evenly distribute the packing monomers connected to the packing rack (the distribution method in any of the up-down, left-right, and front-back directions is uniform / roughly uniform distribution) in the corresponding water space, for example, a corresponding three-dimensional grid rack. The packing monomers are connected to the packing rack according to the evenly distributed method.

[0029] Preferably, the electrode assembly is provided with two electrode plates, or rather, mainly composed of two electrode plates, and the two electrode plates are arranged opposite to each other (the main parts are aligned).

[0030] Preferably, the two electrode plates in the same electrode assembly can be arranged in a parallel setting mode with equal up-down spacing, or can be arranged in a non-parallel setting with a larger upper spacing than the lower spacing, for example, arranged obliquely opposite (or called wedge-shaped opposite, the up-down spacing between the two electrode plates is unequal, so that the gap between the main parts of the two electrode plates is wedge-shaped / trapezoidal), and the main parts of the two electrode plates are kept aligned (without up-down misalignment or left-right misalignment).

[0031] The two electrode plates in the same electrode assembly can be connected by a connection method with adjustable spacing (a connection mechanism or connection component with adjustable spacing), thereby forming an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing. When appropriate, a fixed connection method (fixed connection parts / components) can also be used. When it is necessary to change the spacing between the electrode plates, an electrode assembly with the corresponding electrode plate spacing can be replaced.

[0032] Preferably, the main part of the electrode plate (which can be called the electrode plate body) is in a flat plate shape.

[0033] Further, the flat main body portion may or may not be provided with discharge protrusions. The discharge protrusions are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two electrodes, and the number of them is multiple, and they can be arranged vertically and horizontally or arranged regularly in other ways. The discharge protrusions are preferably cylindrical, and their ends (outer ends) may or may not be provided with mushroom heads (the outer surface is a curved surface with a middle protrusion, especially a rotational curved surface, such as a spherical crown or an ellipsoidal crown. Because it is similar to the shape of a mushroom head, it is called a mushroom head).

[0034] Preferably, the discharge protrusions can be arranged in multiple rows distributed vertically. The setting density of the mushroom heads on each row (or the distance between adjacent mushroom heads) can be the same or different, and the distance between adjacent rows can be the same or different, which can be specifically set according to the discharge requirements.

[0035] Any suitable form of connection can be adopted to realize the adjustable connection between the electrode plates. For example, a connection method that allows one or two electrode plates to change their positions in the direction perpendicular to the electrode plates is adopted. For example, they are connected through a linear guiding mechanism in the corresponding direction and are provided with a position locking device.

[0036] Preferably, the electrode assembly may be provided with an upper plate and a lower plate for fixedly mounting the electrode plates. The electrode plates are located between the upper plate and the lower plate, and their tops and bottoms are respectively fastened to the upper plate and the lower plate through fastening bolts. Both the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with distance-adjusting mounting holes for passing through the corresponding fastening bolts. The distance-adjusting mounting holes are strip-shaped holes whose length directions are perpendicular to the electrode plates (the electrode plate surfaces), allowing the corresponding fastening bolts to pass through different positions of the strip-shaped holes. Thus, the distance between the two electrode plates can be changed by changing the positions of the fastening bolts in the corresponding distance-adjusting mounting holes.

[0037] Two distance-adjusting mounting holes on the same side of the upper plate (the two distance-adjusting mounting holes for passing through the top fastening bolts of the two electrode plates on the same side) can be connected as (or adopted as) a long strip-shaped hole (a long distance-adjusting mounting hole); similarly, two distance-adjusting mounting holes on the same side of the lower plate (the two distance-adjusting mounting holes for passing through the bottom fastening bolts of the two electrode plates on the same side) can be connected as (or adopted as) a long strip-shaped hole (a long distance-adjusting mounting hole). This not only facilitates the processing of the upper and lower plates but also facilitates the installation and adjustment of the electrode plates.

[0038] Preferably, the two electrode plates of the electrode assembly are fixedly connected together by a number of distance-adjusting fixing bolts. The two electrode plates are provided with a plurality of through holes for fixing connection corresponding to each other. The two ends of the distance-adjusting fixing bolts respectively pass through the corresponding through holes on the two electrode plates, and clamping nut assemblies for clamping the corresponding electrode plates are provided. Each clamping nut assembly includes an inner clamping nut located inside the corresponding electrode plate and an outer clamping nut located outside the corresponding electrode plate. The corresponding inner clamping nut and outer clamping nut clamp the electrode plate on the corresponding side. Thus, the distance between the two electrode plates can be changed by changing the position of the clamping nut assembly on the distance-adjusting fixing bolt.

[0039] Preferably, a spacer plate is arranged between the two electrode plates of the electrode assembly. The electrode plates and the spacer plate are provided with a number of corresponding through holes and are fastened together by clamping bolts passing through the corresponding through holes. Thus, the distance between the two electrode plates can be changed by changing the total thickness of the spacer plate.

[0040] Preferably, the electrode assembly is further provided with a fixing plate. The spacer plate is only arranged at the upper part between the two electrode plates. The lower parts of the two electrodes respectively pass through two insertion holes on the fixing plate and extend to the lower part of the fixing plate. The bottom of the spacer plate is supported on the fixing plate between the two insertion holes. The width of the insertion hole is greater than the width of the electrode plate.

[0041] Preferably, the number of spacer plates between the two electrode plates is one or more. Thus, the total thickness of the spacer plate can be changed by changing the thickness of a single spacer plate and / or changing the number of spacer plates.

[0042] Preferably, the top of the middle spacer plate is higher than the tops of the electrode plates and other spacer plates (if any), and through holes for hanging or holding, etc. may or may not be provided.

[0043] For the electrocoagulation treatment method, any electrocoagulation reactor disclosed in the present invention is used to remove (purify) pollutants in water, and the distance between the electrode plates (the distance between the two electrode plates) in the electrode assembly is set or adjusted according to the water flow rate or pollutant flow rate of the influent water.

[0044] For any treatment tank (for example, a pretreatment tank, or an aerobic tank provided with an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode distance) provided with an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode distance, the distance between the electrode plates (the distance between the two electrode plates) in the electrode assembly can be set or adjusted according to the water flow rate or pollutant flow rate of the influent water (the influent water of this treatment tank), so that the distance between the electrode plates in the electrode assembly meets the treatment requirements.

[0045] In the case of adjusting the electrode plate spacing according to the pollutant flow rate, specific pollutant types and flow rate calculation methods to be included in the pollutant flow rate are selected according to the treatment requirements. When multiple pollutants should be included, the inclusion weight (weight coefficient) of each pollutant can be determined according to the ratio of the concentration of each corresponding pollutant in the influent water to the upper limit of the discharge standard (treatment requirement) of each pollutant.

[0046] Preferably, the adjustment of the electrode plate spacing can be a hierarchical adjustment. The flow rate (water flow rate or pollutant flow rate) ranges (upper and lower limits) corresponding to each level of the electrode plate spacing can be set, and the adjustment period (or calculation period, for example, several hours) of the spacing can be set. If the expected flow rate (total flow rate within the period, or equivalently, the average flow rate within the period) of the next adjustment period or the measured flow rate (total flow rate within the period, or equivalently, the average flow rate within the period) of the current adjustment period is within the flow rate range corresponding to another (another level) of the electrode plate spacing, then before the start of the next adjustment period (or at the start), the electrode plate spacing of the electrode assembly is adjusted to the corresponding electrode plate spacing or the electrode assembly is replaced with an electrode assembly having the corresponding electrode plate spacing.

[0047] Within any adjustment period, the current (or supply voltage) of the electrode assembly can be adjusted according to the change in the real-time (for example, measured) flow rate (water flow rate or pollutant flow rate).

[0048] When the measured flow rate is far from the flow rate range corresponding to the real-time electrode plate spacing, the electrode plate spacing can be adjusted in real time without waiting for the next adjustment period, and the starting point of the adjustment period is recalculated according to the actual adjustment time. For example, when the real-time flow rate reaches or exceeds the median value of the flow rate range corresponding to the electrode spacing of the next higher level (the level above the upper level) or the next lower level (the level below the lower level) of the current electrode spacing, the electrode spacing is adjusted to the electrode spacing of the upper level or the lower level of the current electrode spacing to adapt to a large change in the flow rate and take into account the situation of too high short-term flow rate, avoiding overly frequent adjustment of the electrode spacing while ensuring the treatment effect.

[0049] Preferably, the biochemical treatment unit includes an aerobic tank, and an electrode assembly is provided in the aerobic tank. Iron ions are released through the electrode assembly to form an iron ion (concentration) environment conducive to the growth and metabolism of aerobic microbial communities, thereby improving the aerobic biochemical reaction ability of the aerobic tank and / or enhancing the aerobic biochemical reaction intensity of the aerobic tank.

[0050] The electrode assembly in the aerobic tank is also preferably an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode plate spacing, and the above adjustment method can be used to adjust the electrode plate spacing.

[0051] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Since an adjustable-spacing connection method is adopted to achieve adjustable spacing between the electrode plates, the spacing between the electrode plates can be set or adjusted according to actual needs, thus being better applicable to actual requirements. Since the two electrode plates can be arranged in parallel or in an inclined structure (wedge-shaped arrangement) according to actual needs, and can be provided with or provided with replaceable discharge protrusions, the inclined structure is conducive to the shedding of scale on the electrode surface after the reversal of the positive and negative electrodes, conducive to the smoothness of the electrode plate surface, the reaction response between the positive and negative electrodes is more clear, conducive to more direct and stable reactions, and at the same time, due to the shedding and difficulty in scaling of the scale, it is conducive to saving useless power consumption. Since the holes for bolt fastening of the electrode plates on the upper plate and the lower plate can be set as elongated holes, or a clamping nut assembly screwed onto the distance-adjusting fixing bolt is used to set or adjust the positions of the two electrode plates on the distance-adjusting fixing bolt, or a spacer with a variable total thickness is arranged between the two electrode plates, the spacing between the electrode plates can be adjusted steplessly (continuously) or stepwise (discontinuously) according to actual needs, and the operation is convenient and the fixation is reliable. Since suspension rods can be arranged at both ends of the upper plate or the fixing plate, the installation and disassembly of the electrode assembly on the reactor can be conveniently realized, and thus it is allowed to replace the electrode assembly with different electrode plate spacings during the water treatment process, and the adjustment of the electrode plate spacing will not have a negative impact on the treatment process. Since suspension rods with different lengths can be adopted according to actual needs, and the connection between the suspension rod and the reactor and the upper plate or the fixing plate is realized through the upper hook and the lower hook of the suspension rod respectively, the operation is convenient. Since iron ions (and electrons, etc.) can be appropriately released by the electrode assembly arranged in the aerobic tank, environmental conditions such as the iron ion concentration required for the aerobic microbial population can be formed, which helps to improve the aerobic biochemical reaction ability of the aerobic tank and / or enhance the aerobic biochemical reaction intensity of the aerobic tank. Since suspended fillers are used in the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank, etc., it helps to achieve the balanced distribution of activated sludge in the entire water body space, helps to maintain the sludge activity, helps to reduce the resistance, and thus enhances the treatment effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electrode assembly related to the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 a side view structural schematic diagram of the shown embodiment; Figure 3 is Figure 1 a top view structural schematic diagram of the adjustable connection of the electrode plates in the shown embodiment; Figure 4 is Figure 1 a bottom view structural schematic diagram of the adjustable connection of the electrode plates in the shown embodiment; Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the electrode assembly related to the present invention; Figure 6It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the electrode assembly involved in the present invention; Figure 7 is Figure 6 a side view structural schematic diagram of the shown embodiment; Figure 8 is Figure 6 a side view structural schematic diagram of the electrode plate adjustable connection involved in the shown embodiment; Figure 9 is Figure 6 a top view structural schematic diagram of the electrode plate adjustable connection involved in the shown embodiment; Figure 10 is Figure 6 a top view structural schematic diagram of the fixing plate involved in the shown embodiment; Figure 11 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electrocoagulation reactor involved in the present invention; Figure 12 is Figure 11 a front view structural schematic diagram of the shown embodiment; Figure 13 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the electrode assembly involved in the present invention; Figure 14 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the electrode assembly involved in the present invention; Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the handle at the top of the electrode involved in the present invention, Identifications in the figure: 10: electrode plate; 11: discharge protrusion; 12: mushroom head; 13: terminal; 14: through hole for fixed connection; 16: wire passing hole; 18: screw hole; 20: fixing plate; 21: upper plate; 22: lower plate; 23: clamping bolt; 24: distance adjustment mounting hole; 25: distance adjustment fixing bolt; 26: fastening bolt; 27: insertion hole; 28: through hole for connecting the suspension rod; 29: clamping nut assembly; 30: suspension rod; 33: upper hook; 35: lower hook; 39: guide rail; 40: backing plate; 41: top of the middle backing plate; 46: through hole for hanging or holding; 47: hanging plate; 48: bolt fixing hole; 49: hanging hole; 103: water inlet; 104: air inlet; 105: water outlet; 106: first electrode assembly; 107: second electrode assembly; 108: filler; 110: pretreatment tank; 120: anoxic tank; 130: aerobic tank; 140: sedimentation tank; 143: overflow weir; 146: sludge hopper; 150: clear water tank. Detailed implementation manners

[0053] See Figures 1 to 15, the electrode assembly used has two electrode plates 10, one serving as the positive electrode and connected to the positive pole of the DC power supply, and the other serving as the negative electrode and connected to the negative pole of the DC power supply. The main parts of the two electrode plates are both plate-shaped and can be made of iron substrate or other suitable materials. The two electrode plates are arranged parallel to each other and are connected through a connection structure with adjustable position, thereby forming an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing.

[0054] The material of the electrode plate can be selected according to actual needs. For example, an iron-based electrode plate mainly composed of iron elements can be used.

[0055] The material of the electrode plate can be selected according to actual needs. For example, an iron-based electrode plate mainly composed of iron elements can be used.

[0056] Figures 1 to 4 In the illustrated embodiment, an upper plate 21 and a lower plate 22 for fixedly mounting the electrode plates are provided. Both the upper plate and the lower plate are horizontal plates. On the left and right sides of the upper plate and the lower plate, a strip-shaped hole serving as an adjustable-distance mounting hole 24 is provided respectively. The adjustable-distance mounting holes on the upper plate and the lower plate correspond up and down. The two electrode plates are located between the upper plate and the lower plate. On both sides of the top and bottom of the electrode plate, a vertical fastening bolt 26 is provided respectively. The fastening bolts on both sides of the top and bottom of the same electrode plate pass through different adjustable-distance mounting holes on the upper plate and the lower plate respectively, and the fastening nuts at the outer ends of the fastening bolts are tightened to tightly press on the upper plate (or the lower plate), and auxiliary parts such as washers can be provided according to actual needs to fasten the electrode plate to the upper and lower plates together to form an integrally fixed electrode assembly. The position of the fastening bolt in the adjustable-distance mounting hole can be set or adjusted according to actual needs, so as to set or change the distance between the two electrode plates.

[0057] Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of through holes 14 for fixed connection corresponding to each other are provided on the two electrode plates. The two ends of a horizontal adjustable-distance fixing bolt 25 pass through the corresponding through holes of the corresponding electrode plates respectively. Clamping nut assemblies 29 for clamping the electrode plates are provided at both ends of the adjustable-distance fixing bolt (threaded connection). The clamping nut assembly is composed of an inner clamping nut located inside the corresponding electrode plate and an outer clamping nut located outside the corresponding electrode plate. The corresponding electrode plates are clamped by the inner and outer clamping nuts to form an integral electrode assembly. The number of adjustable-distance fixing bolts is multiple (for example, 4 or 6), and they should be evenly distributed to facilitate the stable fixation between the two electrode plates. The position of the clamping nut assembly on the adjustable-distance fixing bolt can be set or adjusted according to actual needs, and further, the distance between the two electrode plates can be set or adjusted.

[0058] Figures 6 to 10In the illustrated embodiment, a spacer plate 40 is provided between the two electrode plates. The distance between the two electrode plates is set or adjusted by setting or adjusting the number / total thickness of the spacer plates. The thicknesses of the respective spacer plates can be the same or different. Among them, the thickness of the spacer plate in the middle can be relatively thick. For example, the thickness of this spacer plate can be set according to the minimum distance between the electrode plates. The thicknesses of the remaining spacer plates can be set in grades or can be of a single thickness. By providing different numbers and / or different thicknesses of spacer plates between the two electrode plates, discontinuous adjustment of the distance between the electrode plates is achieved. The thickness of the spacer plate with the smallest thickness can be set according to the minimum adjustment range required for the distance. During use, the spacer plates are selected according to actual needs to determine the number and total thickness of the spacer plates.

[0059] The top 41 of the middle spacer plate (the spacer plate in the middle) can be higher than the tops of the other spacer plates and the electrode plates, and through holes 46 for hanging or holding by hand can be provided at the top of the middle spacer plate.

[0060] A number of corresponding through holes are provided on the electrode plates and the spacer plates. The clamping bolts 23 are passed through the corresponding through holes in all the electrode plates and the spacer plates. Both ends of the clamping bolts protrude from the two side electrode plates, and fastening nuts are screwed on to fasten all the electrode plates and the spacer plates into one body to form an electrode assembly.

[0061] The spacer plates can be provided only in the upper part between the two electrode plates. Another fixing plate 20 is provided. A strip-shaped hole serving as a plugging hole 27 is provided on each of the left and right sides of the fixing plate. The two electrode plates are respectively inserted into the corresponding plugging holes on the fixing plate from above. The lower end of the spacer plate presses on / supports the fixing plate between the two plugging holes, thereby realizing the support of the fixing plate for the electrode assembly. A tightening bolt (not shown) and a screw hole structure (a structure with a screw hole) threadedly connected to the tightening bolt can be provided outside the two plugging holes. For example, a nut fixedly connected (such as bonded) to the surface of the fixing plate (the surface of the fixing plate located outside the corresponding plugging holes). The tightening bolt is screwed onto the corresponding screw hole structure (the tightening bolt is perpendicular to the electrode plate). After the electrode assembly is plugged into the fixing plate, the tightening bolts on both sides are tightened so that the inner ends of the tightening bolts press against the outer side surfaces of the electrode plates (usually can press on the middle part of the electrode plates) to realize the fixation between the electrode assembly and the fixing plate.

[0062] The width of the plugging holes can be appropriately set to adapt to the change in the distance between the electrode plates. There is a certain distance between the two plugging holes to ensure that no matter what the distance between the two electrode plates is, the fixing plate between the two plugging holes will support under the spacer plate, which is beneficial to the overall stability and forms a limitation on the insertion depth of the electrode plates.

[0063] The installation of the electrode assembly on the reactor can be achieved by hanging with a suspension rod 30 or any other suitable method. For example, on the upper plate ( Figures 1 - 4 the illustrated embodiment) or the fixing plate (Figures 6 - 10 Through holes 28 for connecting the suspension rods are provided at the front and rear ends of the illustrated embodiment, and the shape and size of the through holes are adapted to the suspension rods, which can be referred to as suspension rod holes. During installation, the lower hook 35 of the suspension rod is passed through the corresponding suspension rod hole from the upper end of the suspension rod hole, and both ends of the upper plate (or fixed plate) are respectively hung on the lower end / hook of the suspension rod. The upper hook 33 of the suspension rod faces outward and is hung on the corresponding top edge of the reactor shell or on relevant connecting parts / connection structures fixed to the shell (for example, a horizontal rod or a hook). A positioning / limiting structure (for example, a concave structure) for hanging the upper hook of the suspension rod can be provided on the top edge of the shell or on the relevant connecting parts.

[0064] The cross-section of the suspension rod can be a flat rectangle. For example, it is prepared from a strip plate material. In this case, the suspension rod hole can adopt a corresponding strip hole.

[0065] Terminal blocks 13 can be provided at appropriate positions on the top of the electrode plate according to actual needs. For example, the terminal blocks of the electrode plate can be provided in the middle or on one side of the upper end of the electrode plate. During use, the power connection wires are connected through the terminal blocks. For Figures 1 to 4 For the illustrated embodiment, through holes serving as wire passing holes 16 can be provided on the upper plate for passing through the terminal blocks or connection wires. The wire passing holes can be provided as strip holes to adapt to different positions of the electrode plate.

[0066] According to the prior art, parts such as the upper plate, lower plate, fixed plate, bolts and nuts that need to be insulated can be prepared from insulating materials, such as insulating polymer materials (for example, PE).

[0067] This adjustable electrode assembly can be arranged in an electrocoagulation reactor and used as the electrode required for electrocoagulation or the electrode required for other treatment processes. During use, the distance between the two electrode plates is set or adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to the actual requirements.

[0068] Figure 13 In the illustrated embodiment, two (or more) mutually parallel electrode plates are arranged on the guide rail 39 and are in sliding fit with the guide rail, thereby allowing the electrode plates to move relative to the guide rail. The guide rail is fixedly installed in the reactor, and the number of electrode plates and the distance between the electrode plates are set according to actual needs to meet the actual requirements. The guide rail can be divided into upper and lower groups, which respectively support, guide and limit the electrode plates from the top and bottom of the electrode plates. Any suitable prior art can be adopted to achieve the sliding fit between the guide rail and the electrode plate, allowing the electrode plates to slide parallel on the guide rail, thereby changing the spatial position distribution of the electrode plates and changing the distance between the electrode plates. The guide rail can be prepared from an electrically insulating material, and any suitable form of sliding guide rail (sliding guide rail assembly) can be adopted. A locking mechanism (for example, a thread / bolt fastening device) can be provided between the electrode plate and the guide rail. During use, the position of the electrode plate on the guide rail can be set and adjusted, and then the distance between the electrode plates can be adjusted.

[0069] According to actual needs, the two electrode plates are connected by a fixed connection method, thus forming an electrode assembly with an adjustable or fixed spacing. The structure of the electrode plate or the main part of the electrode plate can be the same as that of the electrode plate in the motor assembly with an adjustable spacing.

[0070] Figure 14 In the illustrated embodiment, the two electrode plates 10 are not parallel to each other, but are inclined such that the upper spacing between the two electrode plates is small and the lower spacing is large (the spacing at each part at the same height is the same), so as to facilitate the descaling of the electrode plate surface. In this case and any other suitable cases, a number of columnar (or other suitable shapes) discharge protrusions 11 can be provided on the inner side surface of the electrode plate (the surface opposite to the other electrode plate centered with the electrode plate), and the end is provided with a mushroom head shape, or it can also be a mushroom head provided on the surface of the electrode body. During use, the discharge mainly occurs through the discharge protrusions. Due to the arrangement of the discharge protrusions, the voltage requirement for discharge is effectively reduced. According to actual needs, the discharge protrusion density in different vertical regions (or rather, the spacing between adjacent discharge protrusions) can be the same. When necessary, it can also be that the discharge protrusion density in different vertical regions is the same. Specifically, it can be set according to actual needs. For example, in some usage scenarios, there is a certain gradient distribution of impurities in water in the vertical direction. In the case where the discharge protrusion density in different vertical regions is consistent, through the inclined arrangement of the electrode plate, the discharge intensity at each part (region) in the vertical direction can be made approximately the same. And the mushroom head structure at the discharge end helps to reduce the voltage requirement for discharge and the discharge current / discharge intensity, while reducing the equipment requirements and equipment costs and ensuring the discharge effect. At the same time, due to the effect of concentrated discharge, the mushroom head is relatively not easy to scale, which helps to reduce energy consumption and extend the service life.

[0071] The discharge protrusions can be installed on the electrode by a detachable connection method (for example, threaded connection). For example, external threads are provided at the connection end (connection area) of the discharge protrusions, and screw holes are provided at appropriate positions on the electrode plate. The discharge protrusions are screwed onto the corresponding screw holes (which can be through holes or blind holes). When replacement is needed, the old discharge protrusions can be removed and new ones can be installed.

[0072] Figure 15 A suspension plate (a part for hoisting, hand-held operations, etc.) 47 for being arranged on the top of the electrode plate is shown. A suspension hole 49 is provided at the upper part of the suspension plate for hanging or hand-held operations, etc. This suspension plate can be fixed to the top of the electrode plate in any suitable manner (for example, Figure 14 the illustrated embodiment, or used as Figures 6 - 9The middle partition of the illustrated embodiment, with its specific shape and size depending on actual installation and usage requirements). When the hanging plate is arranged between the two electrode plates, through holes 48 for passing bolts can be provided on the hanging plate, and the hanging plate and the electrode plates are fixed together by fastening bolts passing through the through holes (including the corresponding through holes on the electrode plates).

[0073] Figure 11 and Figure 12 In the illustrated embodiment, the reactor is provided with a pretreatment tank 110, an anoxic tank 120, an aerobic tank 130, a sedimentation tank 140, and a clear water tank 150 connected in sequence. Each tank can be partitioned by a partition in the same housing, or several independent tank bodies can be provided and connected through pipelines / channels.

[0074] The water inlet 103 of the reactor is arranged on the upper side wall of the pretreatment tank and is introduced from the upper part of the pretreatment tank; the water outlet 105 is arranged on the upper part of the clear water tank; the air inlet 104 is used to connect the air supply pipeline, and usually can be the inlet of the main air supply pipeline. The main air supply pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the reactor and is used to supply air to the aeration devices in the relevant tanks, and its inlet is located outside the reactor for easy connection to the external air supply pipeline; the first electrode assembly 106 and the second electrode assembly 107 can adopt any electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing and are respectively arranged in the pretreatment tank and the aerobic tank. Suspended fillers 108 can be arranged in the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank, preferably evenly distributed suspended fillers in the water body of the tank (the distribution state is similar to that of suspended fillers). The structure of each tank can be set according to actual needs. For example, an overflow weir 143 can be arranged on the upper part of the sedimentation tank to implement overflow water discharge; the lower part of the sedimentation tank can be set as a sludge hopper 146. The sludge hopper is in the shape of a conical hopper with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, and the sludge outlet is located at the bottom of the sludge hopper to facilitate sludge sedimentation and sludge discharge.

[0075] According to actual needs, additions, deletions, or other modifications can be made on the basis of the above embodiments. For example, a catch basin can be arranged in front of the reactor, the biochemical section (anoxic tank and aerobic tank) can be replaced with a multi-stage biochemical treatment facility composed of a first anoxic tank, an anaerobic tank, a first aerobic tank, a second anoxic tank, and a second aerobic tank arranged in sequence, an electrolytic electrode reactor (a reaction tank equipped with an electrode assembly) can be arranged between the biochemical section and the sedimentation tank as a water quality improvement and optimization tank, a sand filter tank can be arranged between the sedimentation tank and the clear water tank, a disinfection facility can be added in the clear water tank or a disinfection tank can be arranged after the clear water tank, a sludge reflux system can be set according to actual needs, and facilities such as an equipment room can be equipped according to actual needs to obtain the required treatment / purification effect while taking into account the treatment cost.

[0076] Among them, Sump well: Introduce sewage into the sump well and use a grille to intercept debris (fixed grille, mechanical grille or microfilter can be used) to prevent excessive debris from entering the station (treatment facility, reactor) and affecting the operation of mechanical equipment. The aperture of the grille can be 0.5 - 2 cm; the upper manhole cover is divided into two parts, one for observing and maintaining the water pump, and the other for intercepting debris and cleaning the debris hole; one water pump is in use and the other is in standby.

[0077] Regulating tank: Used to regulate the water volume and settle suspended solids in the water. The bottom is equipped with a 45-degree inclined funnel to facilitate the deposition of suspended solids and subsequent cleaning; one water pump is in use and the other is in standby, and a flow control valve is added to adjust the water volume entering the biochemical section according to the stable operation of the station; a waterproof split flowmeter is installed before entering the biochemical section (to prevent water vapor from entering the flowmeter and burning it out).

[0078] A plate-type electrolytic reactor (for example, an electrode assembly with adjustable spacing) can be installed in the regulating tank. When difficult-to-degrade sewage enters the station, it is electrolytically degraded in the regulating tank. Hydroxyl is generated by electrolyzing water, and the strong oxidizing property is used to degrade organic matter, turning difficult-to-degrade organic matter into easily degradable matter. Iron ions are electrolytically precipitated and react with phosphate in the water to form precipitates, which are removed together with the bottom sediment during cleaning. The iron element precipitated by the electrolytic reactor (electrode assembly) promotes the growth of denitrifying bacteria. The amount of iron precipitation can be appropriately controlled, not too much, because excessive iron precipitation will inhibit the growth of the biological flora in the station. Under normal circumstances, the amount of iron element precipitation during electrolysis is controlled within a certain range of 0 - 10 mg / l. Use the electrolytic reactor in the regulating tank to adjust the sewage quality and prevent too high a concentration from impacting the biochemical tank. When the station operates in winter, the biological flora in the biochemical tank has low efficiency due to low temperature. The electrolytic reactor can be used to warm the water body and pre-treat the sewage concentration in advance, and pre-treat the difficult-to-degrade pollutants in advance. In addition, the electrolytic reactor can release heat during operation to warm the water body, which can effectively improve the treatment efficiency and effect of the subsequent biochemical section.

[0079] First anoxic tank (or anoxic section 1 of the biochemical tank): The effluent from the regulating tank enters the first anoxic tank. Aeration devices and suspended fillers can be set in the tank. Under normal conditions, the perforated aeration device is in the closed state. A push-flow agitator is installed inside the tank body to mix the mud and water evenly. The iron element precipitated by the electrolytic reactor (electrode assembly) in the regulating tank provides favorable conditions for anoxic biochemistry in the anoxic tank, supports the growth of the corresponding microbial population, and forms an enhanced anoxic biochemical tank.

[0080] Anaerobic tank (or anaerobic section 1 of the biochemical tank): The effluent from the regulating tank consumes oxygen after passing through the first anoxic tank and enters the anaerobic section with a greatly reduced oxygen content, which is beneficial to the growth of anaerobic denitrifying bacteria. The electrolytic iron element in the regulating tank flows into the anaerobic section with the influent water body, meeting the growth requirements of the corresponding microbial population, enabling the growth of the denitrifying bacteria population to be better than that of a conventional anaerobic tank, with higher treatment denitrification efficiency and stronger total nitrogen removal ability, forming an enhanced anaerobic tank.

[0081] The first aerobic tank (or the aerobic tank 1 in the biochemical section): The regulation tank degrades and removes refractory organic compounds, providing favorable and necessary conditions for the aerobic section to absorb and digest nutrients. The refractory organic compounds are electrolytically oxidized into easily degradable substances, facilitating the absorption by the aerobic tank flora. Aeration devices and suspended fillers can be installed in the tank. Aeration devices and suspended fillers can be installed in the tank.

[0082] The second anoxic tank (or the anoxic tank 2 in the biochemical section): It is a circulating biochemical tank to enhance the denitrification ability and form polyphosphate-accumulating organisms. The first anoxic tank can adopt the same or similar structure as the first anoxic tank.

[0083] The second aerobic tank (or the aerobic tank 2 in the biochemical section): It is used to enhance the absorption and digestion of pollutants in the water in the aerobic section and can adopt the same or similar structure as the first aerobic tank.

[0084] The water quality improvement and optimization tank (electrolytic electrode reactor, abbreviated as the optimization tank): Electrode components are installed in the tank. When the water quality treatment in the biochemical section is not good, the electrode components are turned on to assist in removing organic matter, total phosphorus, and suspended solids.

[0085] The sedimentation tank (or the secondary sedimentation tank): A lamella sedimentation device or other suitable facilities can be adopted. Since the electrolytic reactor in the regulation tank and the optimization tank release iron ions and electrons to adsorb and coagulate activated sludge, the sedimentation in the sedimentation tank is accelerated. A buffer can be installed to reduce the water flow impact, assist in sedimentation, and reduce or prevent the disturbance of the water flow to the activated sludge.

[0086] The filter (or the sand filter tank): Further reduce the suspended solids and improve the effluent quality.

[0087] The clear water tank: The effluent is discharged externally.

[0088] The equipment room: It is an underground equipment room. The height is increased. An emergency pump is installed at the bottom for drainage. When the water level rises, the equipment such as the fans in the station will not be flooded. It is not necessary to reserve an equipment emergency pump pit in advance for the civil engineering, reducing the construction difficulty.

[0089] The aeration device can adopt a perforated pipe, which is laid at the bottom of the tank and connected to the air supply pipe. Air (for example, air) enters the tank through the through holes on the pipe wall of the perforated pipe, and the oxygen therein dissolves into the water to form dissolved oxygen.

[0090] An air supply control valve can be set for air supply control.

[0091] An air supply main pipe can be set, which extends to the bottom of the tank of each tank equipped with an aeration device. The aeration devices of each tank are connected through the air supply branch pipes (connecting pipes) of each tank. The air supply control valve can be set on the air supply branch pipe to control the aeration of each tank where it is located respectively.

[0092] The floating packing can adopt flexible packing with a three-dimensional distribution, or several packing monomers (for example, spherical / block biological packing) can be connected to a three-dimensional (3D) packing rack in the pool, so that the packing monomers are roughly evenly distributed in the water body in the pool, with a spacing left between the packing monomers. Compared with the packing stacking method, this packing setting method is more conducive to achieving the even distribution of the packing in the pool, realizing the stripping of dead sludge on the packing and sludge renewal, maintaining sludge activity, improving the purification degree, and reducing the fluid resistance in the pool.

[0093] The packing rack adopts any form that can evenly distribute the packing monomers connected to the packing rack (the distribution method in any direction among the up-down, left-right, and front-back directions is uniform / roughly uniform distribution) in the corresponding water space, and the packing monomers are connected to the packing rack according to the even distribution method. For example, a three-dimensional wire rack can be used as the packing rack. For example, several plane grids (grid structures) are arranged at intervals up and down on a rigid three-dimensional frame, and each plane grid is connected into a whole through a rigid skeleton. Packing monomers are installed at the grid intersection points of each plane grid, and there is a gap between each packing monomer. Thus, the fixing and supporting of each packing monomer are realized through the packing rack. In this implementation mode, the plane grid can adopt a rigid grid or a moderately tightened flexible grid, which allows the plane grid and the packing monomers installed on the plane grid to have a certain degree of movement under the action of water flow, so as to be more fully mixed with water and facilitate sludge renewal.

[0094] The sedimentation tank (and sand filter tank) can adopt overflow water discharge to facilitate ensuring the purification degree of the effluent. The overflow weir can be arranged at the upper part of the tank, and an effluent trough is arranged outside the overflow weir, and it flows into the subsequent clear water tank (or sand filter tank) through the water outlet connecting to the subsequent clear water tank (or sand filter tank).

[0095] The bottom of the sedimentation tank can adopt a conical hopper-shaped structure with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, and a sludge outlet (sludge discharge pipe) is arranged at the bottom, and a sludge discharge valve is arranged on the sludge outlet (sludge discharge pipe) to facilitate the sedimentation of sludge at the bottom of the tank and sludge discharge control.

[0096] The orientation descriptions such as up, down, left, right, front, back, vertical, and horizontal in this specification are only used to describe or limit the relative positions between the relevant parts / positions, and are not used to limit the actual used orientation (unless otherwise clearly defined).

[0097] All the preferred and optional technical means disclosed in the present invention can be arbitrarily combined to form several different specific implementation modes, except when specifically stated and when one preferred or optional technical means is a further limitation of another technical means.

Claims

1. An electrocoagulation reactor is provided with a biochemical treatment unit and a pretreatment unit located in front of the biochemical treatment unit, characterized in that The pretreatment unit is provided with an electrode assembly, and the electrode assembly is an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing.

2. The electrocoagulation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The biochemical treatment unit includes an aerobic tank, and the aerobic tank may or may not be provided with an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly provided in the aerobic tank is an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing or an electrode assembly with non-adjustable electrode spacing.

3. The electrocoagulation reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The electrode assembly is provided with two electrode plates, the two electrode plates are arranged opposite to each other, and are connected by a connection method with adjustable spacing, thereby forming an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing.

4. The electrocoagulation reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that The electrode assembly is provided with an upper plate and a lower plate for fixedly installing the electrode plates. The electrode plates are located between the upper plate and the lower plate, and their tops and bottoms are respectively fastened to the upper plate and the lower plate by fastening bolts. Both the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with distance-adjusting mounting holes for passing through the corresponding fastening bolts, and the distance-adjusting mounting holes are strip-shaped holes with the length direction perpendicular to the electrode plates.

5. The electrocoagulation reactor according to claim 3, wherein The two electrode plates of the electrode assembly are fixedly connected together by a plurality of distance-adjusting fixing bolts. The two electrode plates are provided with a plurality of corresponding through holes for fixed connection. The two ends of the distance-adjusting fixing bolts respectively pass through the corresponding through holes on the two electrode plates, and are both provided with clamping nut assemblies for clamping the corresponding electrode plates. The clamping nut assemblies include inner clamping nuts located inside the corresponding electrode plates and outer clamping nuts located outside the corresponding electrode plates, and the electrode plates on the corresponding sides are clamped by the corresponding inner clamping nuts and outer clamping nuts.

6. The electrocoagulation reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that A spacer plate is arranged between the two electrode plates of the electrode assembly. The electrode plates and the spacer plate are provided with a plurality of corresponding through holes and are fastened together by clamping bolts passing through the corresponding through holes.

7. The electrocoagulation reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that The number of spacer plates located between the two electrode plates is one or more.

8. The electrocoagulation reactor according to claim 7, wherein The top of the middle spacer plate is higher than the tops of the electrode plates and other spacer plates, and is provided with or without through holes for hanging or holding.

9. Electrocoagulation treatment method, characterized in that When using the electrocoagulation reactor described in claims 1-8 to remove water pollutants, the electrode plate spacing in the electrode assembly is set or adjusted according to the water flow rate or pollutant flow rate of the influent water.

10. The electrocoagulation treatment method according to claim 9, characterized in that The biochemical treatment unit includes an aerobic tank, and the aerobic tank is provided with an electrode assembly. Iron ions are released through the electrode assembly to form an iron ion environment conducive to the growth and metabolism of aerobic microbial communities.

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