Pyrolysis gasification furnace with rotary fire grate

Abstract

A rotary grate pyrolysis gasification furnace comprises a furnace body and a plurality of furnace body supporting frames for supporting the peripheral side walls of the furnace body, a smoke outlet is formed in one side of the furnace body, a feeding port is formed in the top of the furnace body, a grate supporting disc is fixedly supported in the furnace body supporting frames below the furnace body, and a rotary grate is rotatably supported on the grate supporting disc. The upper end and the lower end of the rotary fire grate are in rotary sealing connection with the fire grate supporting disc and the lower end of the furnace body through sealing structures correspondingly, the rotary fire grate is driven by a driving device to rotate, a vertical air inlet pipe is arranged in the center in the fire grate supporting disc, and the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe extends out of the fire grate supporting disc. Compared with a traditional fixed bed gasification furnace, the pyrolysis gasification furnace has the advantages that the pyrolysis efficiency is improved by 20% or above, meanwhile, the carbon content of residues is reduced to 5% or below, resource waste is reduced, and the energy utilization rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pyrolysis gasification furnaces, and more specifically to a rotary grate pyrolysis gasification furnace. Background Art

[0002] In the field of solid waste treatment, fixed-bed gasification furnaces are commonly used equipment. However, existing fixed-bed gasification furnaces have many drawbacks: firstly, the fixed grate causes uneven heating of the materials during pyrolysis, resulting in some materials not being fully pyrolyzed. At the same time, the residues are prone to accumulation and blockage, affecting the pyrolysis process; secondly, the sealing performance is poor. During the gasification process, gas is likely to leak from the gaps, not only causing energy waste but also potentially leading to safety problems; thirdly, the slag discharge efficiency is low, requiring a large amount of manual participation in maintenance and cleaning, resulting in high labor maintenance costs. These problems limit the application of fixed-bed gasification furnaces in large-scale solid waste treatment and urgently need innovative improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary grate pyrolysis gasification furnace.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: a rotary grate pyrolysis gasification furnace, comprising a furnace body and a plurality of furnace body support frames supporting the side walls around the furnace body. A flue gas outlet is provided on one side of the furnace body, and a feed inlet is provided at the top. Inside the furnace body support frame below the furnace body, a grate support disc is fixedly supported. A rotary grate is rotatably supported on the grate support disc, and the upper and lower ends of the rotary grate are respectively rotationally and sealedly connected to the grate support disc and the lower end of the furnace body through a sealing structure. The rotary grate is driven to rotate by a driving device. A vertical air inlet pipe is provided at the center inside the grate support disc, and the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe extends outside the grate support disc.

[0005] Further, the rotary grate includes an upper disc and a lower disc horizontally arranged up and down. There is an annular gap left between the upper disc and the lower disc on the periphery. The center of the lower surface of the lower disc is fixedly connected to the center of the circular grate through a support column. A toothed ring structure is provided on the periphery of the circular grate, and the gear of the driving device meshes with the toothed ring structure. There is also an annular gap left between the periphery of the lower disc and the side wall of the rotary grate.

[0006] Further, two inner and outer cylindrical furnace body water seal inserts are fixed to the open end surface at the lower end of the furnace body. Two inner and outer annular water seal groove inner plates and water seal groove outer plates are provided on the periphery of the rotary grate. The water seal groove inner plates and water seal groove outer plates form an annular water tank sealing structure. The furnace body water seal inserts are located inside the water tank sealing structure, and water is injected into the water tank sealing structure. The water submerges the lower end of the outer ring of the furnace body water seal inserts, and the inner ring of the furnace body water seal inserts is located outside the water tank sealing structure.

[0007] Further, the lower end of the grate support disc is a slag discharge port, and the lower end of the slag discharge port is located inside the water tank.

[0008] Furthermore, an umbrella-shaped central flow guide cap is fixed at the center of the surface of the upper disc.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of long strip-shaped air holes arranged around the center of the upper disc are formed on the surface of the upper disc.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of shifting blocks arranged around the center of the upper disc are arranged on the outer edge of the upper disc.

[0011] Further, the rotary grate is rotatably supported on the grate supporting disc via a rotary support bearing.

[0012] Furthermore, an observation port is provided on one side of the furnace body.

[0013] Furthermore, the furnace body is a double-layer structure, and the double-layer structure is filled with furnace body refractory materials.

[0014] Through the above configuration, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Compared with the traditional fixed bed gasifier, the pyrolysis efficiency of the pyrolysis gasifier of the present invention is increased by more than 20%, which means that more solid waste can be processed in the same time, improving production efficiency. At the same time, the carbon content of the residue is reduced to less than 5%, reducing resource waste and improving energy utilization; 2. In terms of sealing performance, the gas leakage rate is less than 0.1%, which effectively avoids energy loss and safety hazards caused by gas leakage and ensures the safety and stability of the production process.

[0015] 3. The present invention realizes continuous production, can adapt to large-scale solid waste treatment scenarios, meet the growing demand for solid waste treatment, and has significant economic and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotary grate of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the grate supporting disc of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] like Figures 1-4As shown, a rotary grate pyrolysis gasification furnace comprises a furnace body 1 and a plurality of furnace body support frames 2 supporting the side walls of the furnace body 1. A smoke outlet 4 is arranged on one side of the furnace body 1, and a feed port 3 is arranged on the top. A grate support disc 5 is fixedly supported in the furnace body support frame 2 below the furnace body 1, and a rotary grate 6 is rotatably supported on the grate support disc 5. The upper and lower ends of the rotary grate 6 are rotatably sealed and connected to the grate support disc 5 and the lower end of the furnace body 1 through a sealing structure, respectively. The rotary grate 6 is connected to the grate support disc 5 and the lower end of the furnace body 1 through a sealing structure. The grate supporting disc 5 is driven to rotate by a driving device 7. A vertical air inlet pipe 8 is arranged in the center of the grate supporting disc 5. The air inlet end of the air inlet pipe 8 extends to the outside of the grate supporting disc 5. The lower end of the grate supporting disc 5 is a slag discharge port 13. The lower end of the slag discharge port 13 is located in a water trough 14. The rotating grate 6 is rotatably supported on the grate supporting disc 5 by a rotating support bearing 15. An observation port 16 is also arranged on one side of the furnace body 1. The furnace body 1 is a double-layer structure, and the double-layer structure is filled with furnace body refractory material 17.

[0019] The rotating grate 6 includes an upper disc 601 and a lower disc 602 which are horizontally arranged up and down, and an annular gap is left on the periphery between the upper disc 601 and the lower disc 602. The center of the lower surface of the lower disc 602 is fixedly connected to the center of the circular grate 603 through a support column 604. A gear ring structure 605 is arranged on the periphery of the circular grate 603, and the gear of the driving device 7 is meshed with the gear ring structure 605. An annular gap is also left on the periphery of the lower disc 602 and the side wall of the rotating grate 6. An umbrella-shaped central guide cap 606 is fixed on the surface center of the upper disc 601. The surface of the upper disc 601 has a plurality of long strip-shaped air holes 607 arranged around the center of the upper disc 601, and the outer edge of the upper disc 601 is provided with a plurality of toggle blocks 608 arranged around the center of the upper disc 601.

[0020] The specific sealing structure is as follows: two inner and outer circles of cylindrical furnace water seal plug plates 12 are fixed to the open end surface of the lower end of the furnace body 1, and two inner and outer circles of annular water seal groove inner plates 9 and water seal groove outer plates 10 are arranged on the periphery of the rotating grate 6. The water seal groove inner plates 9 and the water seal groove outer plates 10 form an annular water tank sealing structure 11, wherein the outer circle of furnace water seal plug plates 12 are located in the water tank sealing structure 11, and the water tank sealing structure 11 is filled with water, the water submerges the lower end of the outer circle of furnace water seal plug plates 12, and the inner circle of furnace water seal plug plates 12 are located outside the water tank sealing structure 11, thus forming a multi-layer water seal. The multi-layer water seal structure increases the resistance to gas leakage, forms a tight barrier, and effectively isolates the gas leakage in the furnace. Moreover, this sealing method does not require frequent maintenance, reduces the maintenance frequency, and ensures the safety and stability of the pyrolysis gasification process.

[0021] Working principle of the present invention: the material enters the furnace body 1 through the feed port 3. The design of the feed port 3 ensures that the material can enter the furnace body smoothly and will not be blocked during the entry process. After the material is added, air is introduced into the air inlet pipe 8 at the bottom and the material is ignited by the burner. At the same time, the rotating grate 6 is driven to rotate by the driving device 7. The gear of the driving device 7 (reduction motor) is meshed with the gear ring structure 605, thereby driving the entire rotating grate 6 to rotate. The material is evenly arranged around by the toggle block 608. This design can make the material entering the furnace body rotate on the rotating grate 6. The materials are evenly distributed during the process to avoid local accumulation of materials, thereby promoting uniform pyrolysis of the materials. At the same time, the continuously rotating grate effectively prevents clogging of the residues and ensures smooth pyrolysis. During the pyrolysis process, the materials are gradually converted into combustible gas and residues under the action of high temperature and gasifying agent. The generated combustible gas is collected through the flue gas outlet for subsequent energy utilization. The residue falls into the slag discharge port 13 as the grate rotates and is automatically discharged into the water tank at the bottom. The water tank plays the role of cooling and preliminarily treating the residues to prevent safety problems caused by excessive residue temperature, and also facilitates the subsequent further treatment of the residues.

[0022] A vertical air inlet pipe 8 is arranged at the center of the grate support disc 5, and the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe 8 extends to the outside of the grate support disc 5. The grate support disc 5 is cleverly combined with the air inlet pipe 8 at the bottom, which optimizes the distribution of the gasifier. After the gasifier enters from the air inlet pipe 8 at the bottom, it is evenly dispersed to all parts of the material through the grate support disc 5, so that the material is in full contact with the gasifier, which greatly improves the pyrolysis efficiency.

[0023] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary grate pyrolysis gasification furnace, comprising a furnace body (1) and a plurality of furnace body support frames (2) supporting the peripheral side walls of the furnace body (1). A flue gas outlet (4) is arranged on one side of the furnace body (1), and a feed inlet (3) is arranged at the top. It is characterized in that: A grate support disc (5) is fixedly supported in a furnace body support frame (2) below the furnace body (1), a rotating grate (6) is rotatably supported on the grate support disc (5), and the upper and lower ends of the rotating grate (6) are rotatably sealed and connected to the grate support disc (5) and the lower end of the furnace body (1) through a sealing structure, respectively. The rotating grate (6) is driven to rotate by a driving device (7), and a vertical air inlet pipe (8) is arranged at the center of the grate support disc (5), and the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe (8) extends to the outside of the grate support disc (5).

2. The rotating grate pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary grate (6) comprises an upper disc (601) and a lower disc (602) which are arranged horizontally from top to bottom. An annular gap is left between the upper disc (601) and the lower disc (602) on the periphery. The center of the lower surface of the lower disc (602) is fixedly connected to the center of the circular grate (603) via a support column (604). A gear ring structure (605) is provided on the periphery of the circular grate (603). The gear of the driving device (7) is meshed with the gear ring structure (605). An annular gap is also left between the periphery of the lower disc (602) and the side wall of the rotary grate (6).

3. The rotary grate pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two inner and outer cylindrical furnace water seal plug plates (12) are fixed to the open end surface of the lower end of the furnace body (1), and two inner and outer annular water seal groove inner plates (9) and water seal groove outer plates (10) are arranged on the periphery of the rotating grate (6). The water seal groove inner plates (9) and the water seal groove outer plates (10) form an annular water tank sealing structure (11), wherein the outer furnace water seal plug plates (12) are located in the water tank sealing structure (11), and the water tank sealing structure (11) is filled with water, and the water covers the lower end of the outer furnace water seal plug plates (12), and the inner furnace water seal plug plates (12) are located outside the water tank sealing structure (11).

4. The rotary grate pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein: The lower end of the grate support disc (5) is a slag discharge port (13), and the lower end of the slag discharge port (13) is located in the water tank (14).

5. The pyrolysis gasification furnace with a rotating grate as claimed in claim 2, wherein: An umbrella-shaped central flow guide cap (606) is fixed at the center of the surface of the upper disc (601).

6. The rotary grate pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the upper disc (601) is provided with a plurality of long strip-shaped air holes (607) arranged around the center of the upper disc (601).

7. The pyrolysis gasification furnace with a rotating grate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer edge of the upper circular disc (601) is provided with a plurality of toggle blocks (608) arranged around the center of the upper circular disc (601).

8. The rotating grate pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary grate (6) is rotatably supported on the grate support disc (5) via a rotary support bearing (15).

9. The pyrolysis gasification furnace with a rotating grate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: An observation port (16) is also provided on one side of the furnace body (1).

10. A rotary grate pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace body (1) is a double-layer structure, and the double-layer structure is filled with furnace body refractory material (17).

Images