Vacuum anti-explosion oil quenching furnace and quenching process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil quenching furnaces, in particular to a vacuum anti-explosion oil quenching furnace and a quenching process. The vacuum anti-explosion oil quenching furnace comprises a transition chamber, a heating chamber, an oil groove chamber, a buffer tank, a balance valve, a manual valve, a vacuum pump set, an extraction valve, a pressure sensor, a nitrogen charging pipeline and a control module. A furnace front door is arranged on the front side of the transition chamber, the heating chamber is located on the rear side of the transition chamber, a furnace middle door is arranged between the heating chamber and the transition chamber, and the oil groove chamber is located on the lower side of the transition chamber. The buffer tank is communicated with the transition chamber through a connecting pipeline; the balance valve and the manual valve are arranged on the connecting pipeline; the vacuum pump set is communicated with the buffer tank through an air exhaust pipeline, and the air exhaust valve is arranged on the air exhaust pipeline; and the pressure sensor and the nitrogen charging pipeline are connected to the transition chamber. The buffer tank can instantly enable the pressure of the transition chamber to reach a set value through vacuum suction force, instant response can be achieved, and expanded gas in the transition chamber can be balanced more quickly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil quenching furnaces, and in particular to a vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace and a quenching process. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the world, the society's requirements for heat treatment equipment are also getting higher and higher, and the market for vacuum oil quenching furnaces is opening up. The use requirements of vacuum oil quenching furnaces are more stringent, and the application fields are more extensive. The design of traditional oil quenching furnaces can no longer meet the use requirements under all working conditions, and new technologies are being widely and closely concerned.

[0003] In the existing oil quenching furnace, when the workpiece descends into the oil tank chamber for quenching, during the quenching process of the workpiece in the transition chamber, the nitrogen gas and oil fumes in the chamber expand rapidly. Especially for small workpieces with a large loading weight and surface area, the temperature rises even faster, causing the nitrogen gas and oil fumes in the transition chamber to quickly rise from 0.5 bar to 1.1 bar, and finally pushing open the furnace front door, resulting in the leakage of oil fumes into the workshop, causing pollution and safety hazards, and even explosion in severe cases. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace and a quenching process to solve the technical problems that when the workpiece is quenched, the nitrogen gas and oil fumes expand rapidly, causing the furnace front door to be pushed open, resulting in the leakage of oil fumes into the workshop, causing pollution and safety hazards, and even explosion in severe cases.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace, including: a transition chamber, a heating chamber, an oil tank chamber, a buffer tank, a balance valve, a manual valve, a vacuum pump group, an air extraction valve, a pressure sensor, a nitrogen filling pipeline, and a control module;

[0006] The transition chamber is respectively communicated with the heating chamber and the oil tank chamber. A furnace front door is provided on the front side of the transition chamber. The heating chamber is located behind the transition chamber, and a furnace middle door is provided between the heating chamber and the transition chamber. The oil tank chamber is located below the transition chamber;

[0007] The buffer tank is communicated with the transition chamber through a connecting pipeline. The balance valve and the manual valve are both arranged on the connecting pipeline;

[0008] The vacuum pump group is communicated with the buffer tank through an air extraction pipeline. The air extraction valve is arranged on the air extraction pipeline;

[0009] The pressure sensor and the nitrogen filling pipeline are both connected to the transition chamber;

[0010] The balance valve, the vacuum pump group, the air extraction valve, and the pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the control module.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes an oil fume treatment device;

[0012] The vacuum pump group is communicated with the oil fume treatment device through an exhaust pipeline.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the oil fume treatment device includes a filtering mechanism and a combustion mechanism, and the filtering mechanism is located upstream of the combustion mechanism.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes a vacuum degree detection sensor, which is arranged on the air extraction pipeline and located between the air extraction valve and the vacuum pump group;

[0015] The vacuum degree detection sensor is electrically connected to the control module.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes a pressure gauge, which is arranged on the buffer tank;

[0017] The pressure gauge is electrically connected to the control module.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, a safety valve is arranged at the top of the buffer tank.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, a sewage outlet is arranged at the bottom of the buffer tank.

[0020] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes a first bracket, which is arranged at the bottom of the heating chamber.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes a second bracket, which is arranged at the bottom of the buffer tank.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a quenching process, based on the above-mentioned vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace, including the following steps:

[0023] Heat the workpiece in the heating chamber;

[0024] Start the vacuum pump group, open the air extraction valve, close the balance valve, open the manual valve, and evacuate the buffer tank through the vacuum pump group until the vacuum degree of the buffer tank reaches 5 Pa and remains;

[0025] Transfer the heated workpiece from the heating chamber to the transition chamber, and fill the transition chamber with nitrogen to 0.5 bar through the nitrogen pipeline;

[0026] Lower the workpiece into the oil tank chamber for quenching, turn off the vacuum pump group, close the air extraction valve, and when the pressure in the transition chamber reaches the first preset value, open the balance valve until the pressure is lower than the second preset value and then close the balance valve; wherein, the first preset value is greater than the second preset value;

[0027] Raise the quenched workpiece to the transition chamber, start the vacuum pump set, open the air extraction valve, and evacuate the buffer tank and the transition chamber through the vacuum pump set. When the vacuum degree of the buffer tank reaches 5 Pa, turn off the vacuum pump set, close the air extraction valve, and close the balance valve.

[0028] Fill the transition chamber with nitrogen to 1 bar, open the front furnace door, and take out the workpiece.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the technical advantages of a vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace and a quenching process provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0030] The vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace provided by the present invention includes: a transition chamber, a heating chamber, an oil sump chamber, a buffer tank, a balance valve, a manual valve, a vacuum pump set, an air extraction valve, a pressure sensor, a nitrogen filling pipeline, and a control module; the transition chamber is respectively communicated with the heating chamber and the oil sump chamber, a front furnace door is arranged on the front side of the transition chamber, the heating chamber is located at the rear side of the transition chamber, and a middle furnace door is arranged between the heating chamber and the transition chamber, and the oil sump chamber is located at the lower side of the transition chamber; the buffer tank is communicated with the transition chamber through a connecting pipeline, and the balance valve and the manual valve are both arranged on the connecting pipeline; the vacuum pump set is communicated with the buffer tank through an air extraction pipeline, and the air extraction valve is arranged on the air extraction pipeline; the pressure sensor and the nitrogen filling pipeline are both connected to the transition chamber; the balance valve, the vacuum pump set, the air extraction valve, and the pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the control module.

[0031] After the buffer tank is evacuated by the vacuum pump set, by opening the balance valve, the pressure in the transition chamber can reach the set value instantaneously through vacuum suction, which can respond instantaneously and balance the expanded gas in the transition chamber more quickly. It not only meets the explosion-proof requirements of the transition chamber but also effectively avoids the risk of oil fume polluting the factory environment.

[0032] The quenching process provided by the present invention is based on the above-mentioned vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace. Therefore, the technical advantages and effects achieved by it include the technical advantages and effects achieved by the above-mentioned vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace, which will not be elaborated in detail here.

[0033] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation manners of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific implementation manners or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Icon: 1 - Transition chamber; 2 - Heating chamber; 3 - Oil sump chamber; 4 - Buffer tank; 5 - Balance valve; 6 - Manual valve; 7 - Vacuum pump unit; 8 - Exhaust valve; 9 - Pressure sensor; 10 - Nitrogen filling pipeline; 11 - Front furnace door; 12 - Middle furnace door; 13 - Connecting pipeline; 14 - Exhaust pipeline; 15 - Vent pipeline; 16 - Vacuum degree detection sensor; 17 - Pressure gauge; 18 - Safety valve; 19 - Drain port; 20 - First bracket; 21 - Second bracket. Specific implementation mode

[0037] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0040] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to implement. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present invention.

[0041] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific examples in conjunction with the drawings.

[0042] The specific structure is as Figure 1 shown.

[0043] This embodiment provides a vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace, including: a transition chamber 1, a heating chamber 2, an oil tank chamber 3, a buffer tank 4, a balance valve 5, a manual valve 6, a vacuum pump group 7, an air extraction valve 8, a pressure sensor 9, a nitrogen filling pipeline 10, and a control module; the transition chamber 1 is respectively communicated with the heating chamber 2 and the oil tank chamber 3, a furnace front door 11 is arranged on the front side of the transition chamber 1, the heating chamber 2 is located at the rear side of the transition chamber 1, and a furnace middle door 12 is arranged between the heating chamber 2 and the transition chamber 1, the oil tank chamber 3 is located at the lower side of the transition chamber 1; the buffer tank 4 is communicated with the transition chamber 1 through a connecting pipeline 13, and both the balance valve 5 and the manual valve 6 are arranged on the connecting pipeline 13; the vacuum pump group 7 is communicated with the buffer tank 4 through an air extraction pipeline 14, and the air extraction valve 8 is arranged on the air extraction pipeline 14; the pressure sensor 9 and the nitrogen filling pipeline 10 are both connected to the transition chamber 1; the balance valve 5, the vacuum pump group 7, the air extraction valve 8, and the pressure sensor 9 are all electrically connected to the control module.

[0044] In this embodiment, after the buffer tank 4 is evacuated by the vacuum pump group 7, by opening the balance valve 5, the pressure of the transition chamber 1 can reach the set value instantaneously through vacuum suction, which can respond instantaneously and balance the expanded gas in the transition chamber 1 more quickly. It not only meets the explosion-proof requirements of the transition chamber 1 but also effectively avoids the pollution risk of oil fume to the factory environment.

[0045] In an alternative technical solution of this embodiment, it further includes an oil fume treatment device; the vacuum pump group 7 is communicated with the oil fume treatment device through an exhaust pipeline 15. The oil fume is treated by the oil fume treatment device to avoid environmental pollution.

[0046] In an alternative technical solution of this embodiment, the oil fume treatment device includes a filtering mechanism. The filtering mechanism can filter with activated carbon or with a filter membrane, as long as the requirements are met.

[0047] In an alternative technical solution of this embodiment, the oil fume treatment device includes a combustion mechanism, and the gas discharged from the exhaust pipeline 15 is directly introduced into the combustion mechanism, and the tail gas is burned by the combustion mechanism to avoid environmental pollution.

[0048] Preferably in this embodiment, the oil fume treatment device includes a filtering mechanism and a combustion mechanism, and the filtering mechanism is located upstream of the combustion mechanism. The tail gas is filtered first and then burned, and the tail gas treatment is more thorough.

[0049] In an alternative technical solution of this embodiment, it further includes a vacuum degree detection sensor 16, the vacuum degree detection sensor 16 is arranged on the air extraction pipeline 14 and is located between the air extraction valve 8 and the vacuum pump group 7; the vacuum degree detection sensor 16 is electrically connected to the control module. The vacuum degree detection sensor 16 can detect the vacuum degree in the buffer tank 4 in real time, and ensure that the vacuum degree in the buffer tank 4 meets the requirements when the vacuum pump group 7 evacuates the buffer tank 4.

[0050] In an alternative technical solution of this embodiment, it further includes a pressure gauge 17, and the pressure gauge 17 is arranged on the buffer tank 4;

[0051] The pressure gauge 17 is electrically connected to the control module. The pressure gauge 17 can detect the pressure inside the buffer tank 4 in real time to ensure that the buffer tank 4 operates within a safe pressure range.

[0052] In an alternative technical solution of this embodiment, a safety valve 18 is arranged at the top of the buffer tank 4. To ensure the safety and reliability of the buffer tank 4.

[0053] In an alternative technical solution of this embodiment, a drain port 19 is arranged at the bottom of the buffer tank 4. The buffer tank 4 can be cleaned regularly through the drain port 19.

[0054] In an alternative technical solution of this embodiment, it further includes a first support 20, and the first support 20 is arranged at the bottom of the heating chamber 2. It has a simple structure and can ensure the stability of the heating chamber 2.

[0055] In an alternative technical solution of this embodiment, it further includes a second support 21, and the second support 21 is arranged at the bottom of the buffer tank 4. To prevent the buffer tank 4 from directly touching the ground and facilitate sewage discharge through the bottom drain port 19.

[0056] A quenching process provided by this embodiment is based on the above-mentioned vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace. Therefore, the technical advantages and effects achieved by this quenching process include those achieved by the above-mentioned vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace, which will not be elaborated here.

[0057] The quenching process includes the following steps: heating the workpiece in the heating chamber 2; starting the vacuum pump group 7, opening the air extraction valve 8, closing the balance valve 5, opening the manual valve 6, and evacuating the buffer tank 4 through the vacuum pump group 7 until the vacuum degree of the buffer tank 4 reaches 5 Pa and remains; transferring the heated workpiece from the heating chamber 2 to the transition chamber 1, and filling the transition chamber 1 with nitrogen to 0.5 bar through the nitrogen pipeline; lowering the workpiece into the oil tank chamber 3 for quenching, closing the vacuum pump group 7, closing the air extraction valve 8, when the pressure in the transition chamber 1 reaches the first preset value, opening the balance valve 5 until the pressure is lower than the second preset value and then closing the balance valve 5; where the first preset value is greater than the second preset value; raising the quenched workpiece to the transition chamber 1, starting the vacuum pump group 7, opening the air extraction valve 8, and evacuating the buffer tank 4 and the transition chamber 1 through the vacuum pump group 7. When the vacuum degree of the buffer tank 4 reaches 5 Pa, closing the vacuum pump group 7, closing the air extraction valve 8, and closing the balance valve 5; filling the transition chamber 1 with nitrogen to 1 bar, opening the furnace front door 11, and taking out the workpiece.

[0058] Specifically, when in use, the workpiece is heated in the heating chamber 2, and the control module controls the vacuum pump group 7 to start, the exhaust valve 8 to open, and the balancing valve 5 to close. The manual valve 6 is manually opened to evacuate the buffer tank 4 to maintain the vacuum degree at 5 Pa. After the heating of the workpiece is completed, the furnace door 12 is opened, and the workpiece is transferred from the heating chamber 2 to the transition chamber 1 and then the furnace door 12 is closed. The transition chamber 1 is filled with nitrogen to 0.5 bar through the nitrogen pipeline, and the oil surface pressure is controlled to prevent the quenching oil from boiling under vacuum. The workpiece is lowered into the oil tank chamber 3 for quenching, and the vacuum pump group 7 and the exhaust valve 8 are controlled to close by the control module at the same time. At this time, the pressure in the transition chamber 1 is detected by the pressure sensor 9. When the pressure reaches the first preset value, the control module controls the balancing valve 5 to open, and the pressure is lowered to the second preset value, and then the control module controls the balancing valve 5 to close, wherein the first preset value is greater than the second preset value. , which can stably maintain the quenching oil surface pressure within a reliable process range and keep the manual valve 6 normally open; during the quenching process of the workpiece in the transition chamber 1, the pressure of the rapidly expanding nitrogen and oil smoke in the cavity is released to the buffer tank 4, so that the pressure of the transition chamber 1 can always be maintained below 0.9 bar during the entire quenching process, effectively avoiding the safety hazard of leakage caused by the front door 11 of the furnace being pushed open and the explosion caused by the sharp increase in pressure caused by the front door 11 of the furnace not being pushed open; after the quenching of the workpiece is completed, the workpiece is raised to the transition chamber 1, and the control module is used to control the vacuum pump group 7 to start and the exhaust valve 8 to open, and the oil smoke in the transition chamber 1 and the buffer tank 4 is extracted until the vacuum degree is 5pa, and the control module is used to control the vacuum pump group 7 to close, the exhaust valve 8 to close and the balance valve 5 to close; then the transition chamber 1 is filled with nitrogen to 1 bar through the nitrogen pipeline, the front door 11 of the furnace is opened, and the workpiece is taken out. After the buffer tank 4 is evacuated by the vacuum pump group 7, the pressure of the transition chamber 1 can be instantly increased to the set value through vacuum suction by opening the balance valve 5, which can respond instantly and balance the expanded gas in the transition chamber 1 more quickly. This not only meets the explosion-proof requirements of the transition chamber 1, but also effectively avoids the risk of oil smoke pollution to the factory environment.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace, characterized in that, Including: A transition chamber (1), a heating chamber (2), an oil tank chamber (3), a buffer tank (4), a balance valve (5), a manual valve (6), a vacuum pump group (7), an air extraction valve (8), a pressure sensor (9), a nitrogen filling pipeline (10) and a control module; The transition chamber (1) is respectively communicated with the heating chamber (2) and the oil tank chamber (3). A furnace front door (11) is arranged on the front side of the transition chamber (1). The heating chamber (2) is located at the rear side of the transition chamber (1), and a furnace middle door (12) is arranged between the heating chamber (2) and the transition chamber (1). The oil tank chamber (3) is located at the lower side of the transition chamber (1); The buffer tank (4) is communicated with the transition chamber (1) through a connecting pipeline (13). The balance valve (5) and the manual valve (6) are both arranged on the connecting pipeline (13); The vacuum pump group (7) is communicated with the buffer tank (4) through an air extraction pipeline (14). The air extraction valve (8) is arranged on the air extraction pipeline (14); The pressure sensor (9) and the nitrogen filling pipeline (10) are both connected to the transition chamber (1); The balance valve (5), the vacuum pump group (7), the air extraction valve (8) and the pressure sensor (9) are all electrically connected to the control module.

2. The vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace according to claim 1, wherein It further includes an oil fume treatment device; The vacuum pump group (7) is communicated with the oil fume treatment device through an exhaust pipeline (15).

3. The vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace according to claim 2, wherein The oil fume treatment device includes a filtering mechanism and a combustion mechanism, and the filtering mechanism is located upstream of the combustion mechanism.

4. The vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a vacuum degree detection sensor (16). The vacuum degree detection sensor (16) is arranged on the air extraction pipeline (14) and is located between the air extraction valve (8) and the vacuum pump group (7); The vacuum degree detection sensor (16) is electrically connected to the control module.

5. The vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes a pressure gauge (17). The pressure gauge (17) is arranged on the buffer tank (4); The pressure gauge (17) is electrically connected to the control module.

6. The vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, A safety valve (18) is arranged on the top of the buffer tank (4).

7. The vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that A sewage discharge port (19) is arranged at the bottom of the buffer tank (4).

8. The vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a first support (20). The first support (20) is arranged at the bottom of the heating chamber (2).

9. The vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a second support (21). The second support (21) is arranged at the bottom of the buffer tank (4).

10. A quenching process, characterized in that, Based on the vacuum explosion-proof oil quenching furnace according to any one of claims 1-9, the following steps are included: Heating the workpiece in the heating chamber (2); Starting the vacuum pump group (7), opening the air extraction valve (8), closing the balance valve (5), opening the manual valve (6), and performing vacuum pumping on the buffer tank (4) through the vacuum pump group (7) until the vacuum degree of the buffer tank (4) reaches 5 Pa and is maintained; Transferring the heated workpiece from the heating chamber (2) to the transition chamber (1), and filling the transition chamber (1) with nitrogen to 0.5 bar through a nitrogen pipeline; Lower the workpiece into the oil sump chamber (3) for quenching, close the vacuum pump unit (7), close the air extraction valve (8). When the pressure in the transition chamber (1) reaches the first preset value, open the balance valve (5) until the pressure is lower than the second preset value and then close the balance valve (5); wherein, the first preset value is greater than the second preset value. Raise the quenched workpiece to the transition chamber (1), start the vacuum pump unit (7), open the air extraction valve (8), and evacuate the buffer tank (4) and the transition chamber (1) through the vacuum pump unit (7). When the vacuum degree of the buffer tank (4) reaches 5 Pa, close the vacuum pump unit (7), close the air extraction valve (8), and close the balance valve (5). Fill the transition chamber (1) with nitrogen to 1 bar, open the furnace front door (11), and take out the workpiece.

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