Side wall supporting method and structure for tunnel construction

Abstract

The invention relates to a side wall supporting method and structure for tunnel construction, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction. The supporting structure is composed of the base, the side plates, the supporting columns and the top plate, the structure is simple, installation is convenient, the stability and safety of the tunnel are effectively improved through attached supporting of the side plates and the side rock wall of the tunnel, the supporting positions of the side plates and the top plate can be adjusted by additionally arranging the adjusting mechanism, different tunnel supporting conditions can be conveniently coped, and the supporting effect is good. The traditional mode that a large number of prefabricated materials are needed is changed, and the supporting efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly to a side wall support method and structure for tunnel construction, aiming to improve the safety and stability of tunnel side wall construction. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of a tunnel, floor deformation and collapse are very common problems. Before starting the construction of a tunnel, it is usually necessary to construct a support structure to enhance the stability of the tunnel. If no support is carried out and a collapse occurs during the operation in the tunnel, it will have a serious impact on the safety of construction workers.

[0003] Before the construction of a traditional tunnel, it is usually necessary to prefabricate a suitable support structure on the inner wall of the tunnel in advance. This process includes prefabricating steel arch frames in advance, prefabricating connecting plates that cooperate with the steel arch frames, and prefabricating concrete for jet grouting. Then, these prefabricated material structures are installed in the tunnel in sequence according to the procedures. Since this process involves a large number of prefabricated materials, it is time-consuming. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a simple, efficient side wall support method and structure with remarkable support effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] 1. Technical Problems to be Solved To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a side wall support method and structure for tunnel construction.

[0005] (II) Technical Solutions Based on this, according to one aspect of the present invention, a side wall support method for tunnel construction is provided. The side wall support method includes the following steps: Step S1: Install the base and ensure it is firmly fixed on the tunnel floor. Step S2: Install the fixing part of the side plate on the support frame, and slide the support frame in the groove of the base. Step S3: Install the top plate to form a complete support structure, and adjust the positions of the side plate and the top plate to fit the side rock wall of the tunnel through the adjustment mechanism. Step S4: Inspect and reinforce the support structure to ensure its stability and safety.

[0006] According to another aspect of the present invention, a side wall support structure for tunnel construction is provided, including a base, a support frame, a side plate, a top plate, and an adjustment mechanism. The base is slidably matched with the bottom of the support frame. The left end of the support frame is provided with a side plate, and the top of the support frame is installed with a top plate. The base is fixed to the bottom of the adjustment mechanism and is fixed on the tunnel floor to support the entire support structure. The side plate fits the side rock wall of the tunnel to achieve the support effect, and the top plate plays a support role for the top of the tunnel.

[0007] Preferably, two sets of the support frames are provided, and the support frames are oppositely arranged on the left and right sides of the top of the base, facilitating the adjustment of the support positions of the side plates and the top plate.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism is arranged in the middle of the two sets of support frames, facilitating the adjustment of the distance between the two sets of support frames.

[0009] Preferably, a sliding seat is arranged on the top of the base, and the support frame is slidably matched with the sliding seat, and the sliding seat is slidably matched with the top of the base, facilitating the horizontal movement of the support frame on the sliding seat, and when the two sets of support frames move to the left and right sides, driving the sliding seat to move synchronously inside the base.

[0010] Preferably, the support frame includes a support seat, a sliding wheel set, a first reinforcing rib, a second reinforcing rib, a hydraulic cylinder, a support rod, a vertical rod, a third reinforcing rib, a first receiving frame, a second receiving frame, a first connecting seat, and a second connecting seat. The bottom of the sliding wheel set is slidably matched with the base, the support seat is fixed to the top of the sliding wheel set, the right end of the second reinforcing rib is rotatably matched with the support seat, the left end of the second reinforcing rib is rotatably matched with the first receiving frame, the right end of the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the support seat, the left end of the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably matched with the first receiving frame, the upper right end of the first receiving frame is fixed with the second connecting seat, the second connecting seat is fixed to the inside of the side plate, the first connecting seat is movably connected to the right end of the second connecting seat, the first connecting seat is fixed to the left end of the second receiving frame, the top of the support seat is fixed to the vertical rod, the top of the vertical rod is fixed to the second receiving frame, the bottom of the third reinforcing rib is movably connected to the support seat, and the third reinforcing rib is movably connected to the left end of the top of the vertical rod.

[0011] Preferably, the cross section of the support seat is in an L-shaped structure, and the first reinforcing rib is arranged obliquely and is movably connected to the support seat on both the left and right sides. Buffer members can be arranged at the joints of the first receiving frame and the second receiving frame with the side plate and the top plate to increase the stability and safety of the support structure.

[0012] Preferably, the support rod is arranged obliquely, and the left and right sides of the support rod are respectively movably connected to the first receiving frame and the second receiving frame, facilitating the connection of the first receiving frame and the second receiving frame in series and increasing the stability of the support for the first receiving frame and the second receiving frame.

[0013] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a protective frame, a servo motor, a ball screw, a ball nut, a movable rod, and a movable seat. The bottom of the protective frame is fixed to the base, a servo motor is installed inside the protective frame, the servo motor is drivingly connected to the bottom of the ball screw, the ball screw is in threaded cooperation with the inside of the ball nut, the ball nut is movably connected to the right end of the movable rod, the movable rod is movably connected to the inside of the movable seat, and the left end of the movable seat is movably connected to the support seat.

[0014] Preferably, two sets of the movable rods are provided, and the movable rods are oppositely arranged along the left and right sides of the ball nut. The ball nut, the movable rods, and the movable seat together form a sliding module, and two sets of sliding modules are provided and arranged in parallel, and are respectively connected to the support base and the vertical rod, so as to facilitate pushing the two sets of support frames to the left and right sides to adjust the distance between the two sets of support frames.

[0015] (III) Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a side wall support method and structure for tunnel construction, and has the following beneficial effects: For the side wall support method and structure for tunnel construction of the present invention, the support structure of the present invention is composed of a base, a side plate, a support column, and a top plate. The structure is simple and easy to install. Through the fitting support of the side plate and the side rock wall of the tunnel, the stability and safety of the tunnel are effectively improved. And by additionally providing an adjustment mechanism, the support positions of the side plate and the top plate can be adjusted, which is convenient for dealing with different tunnel support situations, changes the traditional method that requires a large amount of prefabricated materials, and increases the support efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a front view structure schematic diagram of the support frame of the present invention; Figure 3 is a partial structure schematic diagram of the support frame of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1, base; 2, support frame; 3, side plate; 4, top plate; 5, adjustment mechanism; 21, support base; 22, sliding wheel set; 23, first reinforcing rib; 24, second reinforcing rib; 25, hydraulic cylinder; 26, support rod; 27, vertical rod; 28, third reinforcing rib; 29, first receiving frame; 210, second receiving frame; 211, first connecting seat; 212, second connecting seat; 51, protective frame; 52, servo motor; 53, ball screw; 54, ball nut; 55, movable rod; 56, movable seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] Embodiment 1 In a typical embodiment of the present application, a side wall support method for tunnel construction, the side wall support method comprising the following steps: First, survey the geological conditions around the tunnel, understand the rock properties, soil layer structure and groundwater distribution. According to the survey results, determine the support method, select appropriate support materials and install the base 1 of the equipment, ensure that it is firmly fixed on the tunnel floor, and adjust the overall support height of the support seat 21 according to the height inside the tunnel; Subsequently, install the fixing part of the side plate 3 on the receiving frame 29 of the support frame 2, and slidably arrange the support frame 2 in the groove of the base 1, so that the sliding wheel group 22 is slidably matched with the sliding seat on the base 1; Next, install the top plate 4. Install the top plate 4 on the receiving frame 210. The thickness of the top plate 4 can be increased according to the height of the tunnel. And through the telescoping of the hydraulic cylinder 25, the support angle of the side plate 3 can be adjusted to facilitate fitting with the tunnel side wall to form a complete support structure. And through the transmission of the ball screw 53 driven by the servo motor 52, the ball screw 53 drives the ball nut 54 to perform a linear motion. During the upward movement of the ball nut 54, the two support frames 2 are pushed to the left and right sides of the top of the base 1 through the cooperation of the movable rod 55 and the movable seat 56 to adjust the distance between the two support frames 2, and adjust the positions of the side plate 3 and the top plate 4 to fit with the side rock wall of the tunnel; Finally, check and reinforce the support structure to ensure its stability and safety, and during the construction process, it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and measurement to timely discover and handle problems such as deformation and cracking of the support structure.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a side wall support structure for tunnel construction, comprising a base 1, a support frame 2, a side plate 3, a top plate 4, and an adjustment mechanism 5. The base 1 is slidably matched with the bottom of the support frame 2. The left end of the support frame 2 is provided with a side plate 3. The top of the support frame 2 is installed with a top plate 4. The base 1 is fixed to the bottom of the adjustment mechanism 5. The base 1 is fixed on the tunnel floor for supporting the entire support structure. The side plate 3 is attached to the side rock wall of the tunnel to achieve the support effect. The top plate 4 provides support for the top of the tunnel.

[0021] In another typical embodiment of the present application, there is provided a side wall support structure for tunnel construction, such as Figures 1-4As shown, the structure includes a base 1, a support frame 2, side plates 3, a top plate 4, and an adjustment mechanism 5. The base 1 is slidably engaged with the bottom of the support frame 2. A side plate 3 is provided at the left end of the support frame 2. A top plate 4 is installed on the top of the support frame 2. The base 1 is fixed to the bottom of the adjustment mechanism 5. The base 1 is fixed on the tunnel floor to support the entire support structure. The side plate 3 is in contact with the side rock wall of the tunnel to achieve the support function. The top plate 4 provides support for the top of the tunnel. There are two sets of the support frames 2, and the support frames 2 are arranged oppositely on the left and right sides of the top of the base 1, facilitating the adjustment of the support positions of the side plates 3 and the top plate 4. The adjustment mechanism 5 is arranged in the middle of the two sets of the support frames 2, facilitating the adjustment of the distance between the two sets of the support frames 2. A sliding seat is provided on the top of the base 1, and the support frame 2 is slidably engaged with the sliding seat. The sliding seat is slidably engaged with the top of the base 1, facilitating the horizontal movement of the support frame 2 on the sliding seat. When the two sets of the support frames 2 move to the left and right sides, the sliding seat is driven to move synchronously inside the base 1.

[0022] In some embodiments, the support frame 2 includes a support base 21, a sliding wheel set 22, a first reinforcing rib 23, a second reinforcing rib 24, a hydraulic cylinder 25, a support rod 26, a vertical rod 27, a third reinforcing rib 28, a first receiving frame 29, a second receiving frame 210, a first connecting seat 211, and a second connecting seat 212. The bottom of the sliding wheel set 22 is slidably engaged with the base 1. The support base 21 is fixed to the top of the sliding wheel set 22. The right end of the second reinforcing rib 24 is rotatably engaged with the support base 21. The left end of the second reinforcing rib 24 is rotatably engaged with the first receiving frame 29. The right end of the hydraulic cylinder 25 is rotatably connected to the support base 21. The left end of the hydraulic cylinder 25 is rotatably engaged with the first receiving frame 29. A second connecting seat 212 is fixed to the upper right end of the first receiving frame 29. The second connecting seat 212 is fixed to the inside of the side plate 3. The first connecting seat 211 is movably connected to the right end of the second connecting seat 212. The first connecting seat 211 is fixed to the left end of the second receiving frame 210. The top of the support base 21 is fixed to the vertical rod 27. The top of the vertical rod 27 is fixed to the second receiving frame 210. The bottom of the third reinforcing rib 28 is movably connected to the support base 21. The third reinforcing rib 28 is movably connected to the left end of the top of the vertical rod 27.

[0023] In the present application, the cross section of the support seat 21 is an L-shaped structure, and the reinforcing rib 1 23 is arranged in an inclined shape, and the left and right sides are respectively movably connected with the support seat 21. The connection between the receiving frame 1 29, the receiving frame 210 and the side plate 3 and the top plate 4 can be provided with a buffer to increase the stability and safety of the support structure. The support rod 26 is arranged in an inclined shape, and the left and right sides of the support rod 26 are respectively movably connected with the receiving frame 1 29 and the receiving frame 210, so as to facilitate the connection of the receiving frame 1 29 and the receiving frame 210 in series, thereby increasing the stability of the support of the receiving frame 1 29 and the receiving frame 210. The sliding wheel group 22 is also called a transporter, a ground bull, a heavy object transfer device, a transport tank, etc., which is a transport device that can replace the traditional transport tool with a roller bar. The hydraulic cylinder 25 is a hydraulic actuator that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and performs linear reciprocating motion (or swinging motion). It has a simple structure and reliable operation. When it is used to achieve reciprocating motion, the deceleration device can be eliminated, and there is no transmission gap, and the movement is smooth, so it is widely used in the hydraulic systems of various machines. The output force of the hydraulic cylinder is proportional to the effective area of ​​the piston and the pressure difference on both sides; the hydraulic cylinder is basically composed of a cylinder barrel and a cylinder head, a piston and a piston rod, a sealing device, a buffer device and an exhaust device. The buffer device and the exhaust device depend on the specific application occasion, and other devices are indispensable.

[0024] In some embodiments, the adjustment mechanism 5 includes a protective frame 51, a servo motor 52, a ball screw 53, a ball nut 54, a movable rod 55, and a movable seat 56. The bottom of the protective frame 51 is fixed to the base 1. A servo motor 52 is installed inside the protective frame 51. The servo motor 52 is drivingly connected to the bottom of the ball screw 53. The ball screw 53 is in threaded engagement with the inner side of the ball nut 54. The ball nut 54 is movably connected to the right end of the movable rod 55. The movable rod 55 is movably connected to the inner side of the movable seat 56. The left end of the movable seat 56 is movably connected to the support seat 21. Two groups of movable rods 55 are provided, and the movable rods 55 are oppositely arranged on the left and right sides of the ball nut 54. The ball nut 54, the movable rod 55, and the movable seat 56 together form a sliding module, and two groups of sliding modules are provided, which are arranged in parallel and are respectively connected to the support seat 21 and the vertical rod 27, facilitating pushing the two groups of support frames 2 to the left and right sides to adjust the distance between the two groups of support frames 2. The servo motor 52 is an ordinary servo motor, which can control speed and has very accurate position accuracy. It can convert a voltage signal into torque and rotational speed to drive a control object. The rotational speed of the servo motor rotor is controlled by an input signal and can respond quickly. In an automatic control system, it is used as an actuator and has characteristics such as a small electromechanical time constant and high linearity. It can convert the received electrical signal into angular displacement or angular velocity output on the motor shaft. It is divided into two categories: DC and AC servo motors. Its main feature is that there is no self-rotation phenomenon when the signal voltage is zero, and the rotational speed decreases uniformly with the increase of torque. The ball screw 53 is an ideal product for converting rotary motion into linear motion or converting linear motion into rotary motion. The ball screw is composed of a screw, a nut, steel balls, a preloading piece, a reverser, and a dust protector. Its function is to convert rotary motion into linear motion, which will not be elaborated here. The ball screw 53 extends into the inner side of the protective frame 51 and is connected to the inner side of the protective frame 51 through a bearing, facilitating the smooth transmission of the ball screw 53.

[0025] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A side wall support method for tunnel construction, characterized in that: The side wall support method includes the following steps: Step S1: Install the base (1) and ensure it is firmly fixed on the tunnel floor; Step S2: Install the fixing part of the side plate (3) on the support frame (2), and slidably arrange the support frame (2) in the groove of the base (1); Step S3: Install the top plate (4) to form a complete support structure, and adjust the positions of the side plate (3) and the top plate (4) to fit the side rock wall of the tunnel through the adjustment mechanism (5); Step S4: Inspect and reinforce the support structure to ensure its stability and safety.

2. A side wall support structure for tunnel construction, characterized in that: It includes a base (1), a support frame (2), a side plate (3), a top plate (4), and an adjustment mechanism (5). The base (1) is slidably matched with the bottom of the support frame (2). The left end of the support frame (2) is provided with a side plate (3). The top of the support frame (2) is installed with a top plate (4). The base (1) is fixed to the bottom of the adjustment mechanism (5).

3. A side wall support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two groups of the support frames (2) in total, and the support frames (2) are arranged oppositely on the left and right sides of the top of the base (1).

4. A side wall support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (5) is arranged in the middle of the two groups of the support frames (2).

5. The sidewall support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sliding seat is arranged on the top of the base (1), and the support frame (2) is slidably matched with the sliding seat, and the sliding seat is slidably matched with the top of the base (1).

6. The side wall support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support frame (2) includes a support seat (21), a sliding wheel set (22), a first reinforcing rib (23), a second reinforcing rib (24), a hydraulic cylinder (25), a support rod (26), a vertical rod (27), a third reinforcing rib (28), a first receiving frame (29), a second receiving frame (210), a first connecting seat (211), and a second connecting seat (212). The bottom of the sliding wheel set (22) is slidably matched with the base (1). The support seat (21) is fixed to the top of the sliding wheel set (22). The right end of the second reinforcing rib (24) is rotatably matched with the support seat (21). The left end of the second reinforcing rib (24) is rotatably matched with the first receiving frame (29). The right end of the hydraulic cylinder (25) is rotatably connected to the support seat (21). The left end of the hydraulic cylinder (25) is rotatably matched with the first receiving frame (29). The upper right end of the first receiving frame (29) is fixed with a second connecting seat (212). The second connecting seat (212) is fixed to the inner side of the side plate (3). The first connecting seat (211) is movably connected to the right end of the second connecting seat (212). The first connecting seat (211) is fixed to the left end of the second receiving frame (210). The top of the support seat (21) is fixed to the vertical rod (27). The top of the vertical rod (27) is fixed to the second receiving frame (210). The bottom of the third reinforcing rib (28) is movably connected to the support seat (21). The third reinforcing rib (28) is movably connected to the left end of the top of the vertical rod (27).

7. A sidewall support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross-section of the support seat (21) is in an L-shaped structure, and the first reinforcing rib (23) is arranged obliquely and is movably connected to the support seat (21) on both the left and right sides.

8. A sidewall support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support rod (26) is arranged obliquely, and the left and right sides of the support rod (26) are respectively movably connected to the first receiving frame (29) and the second receiving frame (210).

9. A side wall support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (5) includes a protective frame (51), a servo motor (52), a ball screw (53), a ball nut (54), a movable rod (55), and a movable seat (56). The bottom of the protective frame (51) is fixed to the base (1). A servo motor (52) is installed inside the protective frame (51). The servo motor (52) is drivingly connected to the bottom of the ball screw (53). The ball screw (53) is in threaded cooperation with the inner side of the ball nut (54). The ball nut (54) is movably connected to the right end of the movable rod (55). The movable rod (55) is movably connected to the inner side of the movable seat (56). The left end of the movable seat (56) is movably connected to the support seat (21).

10. A side wall support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: There are two groups of the movable rods (55), and the movable rods (55) are arranged oppositely along the left and right sides of the ball nut (54).

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