A tunnel anchor

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a tunnel anchor rod comprising a main rod body, a tray and a main nut, wherein a first sub-rod is installed at one end of the main rod body, and the main rod body and the first sub-rod are engaged with each other, a second sub-rod is installed at the other end of the main rod body, and the main rod body and the second sub-rod are engaged with each other, connecting sleeves are installed on the outer sides of the connections between the two ends of the main rod body and the first sub-rod and the second sub-rod, a tray is installed on the outer side of the other end of the second sub-rod, a main nut is installed on the other side of the tray, and the main nut is spirally connected to the second sub-rod; in the present invention, by providing the main rod body, the first sub-rod, the second sub-rod and the connecting sleeve, not only can the stability of the connection between the multiple rod bodies be effectively guaranteed, and installation and use are convenient, but also the rod body of appropriate length can be selected according to the actual depth, thereby facilitating installation and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel anchor rod. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel anchor bolts are key support components used to reinforce surrounding rock in tunnel engineering. They are drilled into the rock mass and fixed with grouting. Their core function is to actively enhance the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock. By applying prestress, they form a coordinated "surrounding rock-anchor bolt" load-bearing system, effectively suppressing rock deformation and slippage, and preventing collapse and roof collapse. This active support method is both economical and safe, reducing lining thickness and controlling construction deformation, making it a core technical means to ensure the safety of tunnels throughout their life cycle. However, most existing tunnel anchor bolts have a relatively simple design, with most being single, fixed-size structures. This design is not suitable for installation holes of varying depths. A small number of anchor bolts, although composed of multiple connectable rods, lack design reinforcement at the joints, which cannot ensure stable connections. Therefore, a tunnel anchor bolt was proposed to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel anchor to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A tunnel anchor rod comprises a main rod body, a tray and a main nut, wherein a first sub-rod is installed at one end of the main rod body, and the main rod body and the first sub-rod are engaged with each other, a second sub-rod is installed at the other end of the main rod body, and the main rod body and the second sub-rod are engaged with each other, connecting sleeves are installed on the outer sides of the connection between the two ends of the main rod body and the first and second sub-rods, a tray is installed on the outer side of the other end of the second sub-rod, a main nut is installed on the other side of the tray, and the main nut is spirally connected to the second sub-rod.

[0006] Preferably, the inner sides of the main rod body, the first sub-rod and the second sub-rod are all hollow, the outer sides of the main rod body, the first sub-rod and the second sub-rod are all provided with threads, and the main rod body, the first sub-rod and the second sub-rod are spirally connected to the connecting sleeve through the threads.

[0007] Preferably, both ends of the main rod body, one end of the first sub-rod close to the main rod body and one end of the second sub-rod close to the main rod body are provided with L-shaped slots, the main rod body and the first sub-rod are engaged through the slots, and the main rod body and the second sub-rod are engaged through the slots.

[0008] Preferably, the number of the first auxiliary rod and the second auxiliary rod are both 1, and the first auxiliary rod and the second auxiliary rod are respectively installed on both sides of the main rod body. The number of the main rod bodies is multiple, and each adjacent main rod body is connected by a connecting sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, a slurry stop plug is installed on the side of the tray away from the main nut. The slurry stop plug is arranged in a ring shape and is installed on the outside of the second sub-rod. The side of the slurry stop plug close to the tray is arranged in a flat surface, and the side of the slurry stop plug away from the tray is arranged in an arc surface.

[0010] Preferably, a self-expanding anchor head assembly is installed on the side of the first auxiliary rod away from the main rod body, and the self-expanding anchor head assembly includes an anchor head structure and a self-triggering structure.

[0011] Preferably, the anchor head structure includes an anchor body unit, the outer side of the first sub-rod is evenly provided with grooves, and the anchor body unit is installed in the grooves, a hinge is installed on one side of the anchor body unit, and the other end of the hinge is installed on the side wall of the groove of the first sub-rod, a cavity is provided on the inner side of the anchor body unit, and a compression spring is installed on the inner side of the cavity, the outer sides of the first sub-rod and the anchor body unit are both provided with arc grooves, and a fixing ring is installed on the inner side of the arc groove.

[0012] Preferably, the self-triggering structure includes a movable frame, which is slidably mounted on one end of the first sub-rod, and a support spring is installed on the outside of the movable frame, and the two ends of the support spring are respectively fitted with the movable frame and the first sub-rod, and a cutter head is installed at one end of the movable frame, and an empty slot is opened on the side wall of the first sub-rod, and the two ends of the cutter head are placed on the inner side of the empty slot.

[0013] Preferably, positioners are evenly installed on the outer sides of the main rod body, the first sub-rod and the second sub-rod. There are multiple positioners, and the positioners are evenly installed on the outer sides of the main rod body, the first sub-rod and the second sub-rod.

[0014] Preferably, the positioner includes an elastic positioning plate, and the number of the elastic positioning plates is multiple. A first fixing nut is installed on one side of the elastic positioning plate, a connecting ring is installed on one side of the elastic positioning plate, and a second fixing nut is rotatably installed on the other side of the connecting ring, and the first fixing nut and the second fixing nut.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. In the present invention, by providing the main rod body, the first auxiliary rod, the second auxiliary rod and the connecting sleeve, not only can the stability of the connection between the multiple rod bodies be effectively guaranteed, which is convenient for installation and use, but also the rod body of appropriate length can be selected according to the actual depth, thereby facilitating installation and use.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, the self-expanding anchor head assembly is provided, which not only facilitates the early installation of the rod body, but also allows the anchor body to be released simply and quickly when the rod body needs to be fixed later, thereby enabling fast and stable installation and use.

[0018] 3. In the present invention, the positioner is provided, which not only facilitates the accurate and stable installation of the rod body, but also facilitates simple and convenient assembly and use in actual use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 sectional view of

[0022] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Exploded diagram;

[0023] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at A;

[0024] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the self-expanding anchor head assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioner of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Main rod body; 2. First auxiliary rod; 3. Second auxiliary rod; 4. Self-expanding anchor head assembly; 41. Hinge; 42. Empty slot; 43. Cutting head; 44. Movable frame; 45. Support spring; 46. Fixing ring; 47. Compression spring; 48. Anchor body unit; 5. Positioner; 51. Second fixing nut; 52. Connecting ring; 53. First fixing nut; 54. Elastic positioning piece; 6. Connecting sleeve; 7. Tray; 8. Main nut; 9. Stop plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] See also Figure 1-7 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0028] A tunnel anchor comprises a main rod body 1, a tray 7 and a main nut 8. A first sub-rod 2 is installed at one end of the main rod body 1, and the main rod body 1 and the first sub-rod 2 are engaged with each other. A second sub-rod 3 is installed at the other end of the main rod body 1, and the main rod body 1 and the second sub-rod 3 are engaged with each other. Connecting sleeves 6 are installed on the outer sides of the connections between the two ends of the main rod body 1 and the first sub-rod 2 and the second sub-rod 3. A tray 7 is installed on the outer side of the other end of the second sub-rod 3. A main nut 8 is installed on the other side of the tray 7, and the main nut 8 is spirally connected to the second sub-rod 3.

[0029] The inner sides of the main rod body 1, the first sub-rod 2 and the second sub-rod 3 are all hollow, and the outer sides of the main rod body 1, the first sub-rod 2 and the second sub-rod 3 are all provided with threads, and the main rod body 1, the first sub-rod 2 and the second sub-rod 3 are spirally connected to the connecting sleeve 6 through threads, which not only facilitates the later pouring of concrete, but also ensures the stability of the connection of the entire rod body; both ends of the main rod body 1, the end of the first sub-rod 2 close to the main rod body 1 and the end of the second sub-rod 3 close to the main rod body 1 are provided with L-shaped slots, the main rod body 1 and the first sub-rod 2 are engaged through the slots, and the main rod body 1 and the second sub-rod 3 are engaged through the slots, this arrangement can effectively ensure the stable connection between the various rod units and ensure the later use; the first sub-rod 2 The number of rods 2 and second sub-rods 3 are both 1, and the first sub-rod 2 and the second sub-rod 3 are respectively installed on both sides of the main rod body 1. The number of main rod bodies 1 is multiple, and each adjacent main rod body 1 is connected by a connecting sleeve 6. This arrangement can form rod bodies of different lengths, which is conducive to flexible construction and use; a slurry stopper 9 is installed on the side of the tray 7 away from the main nut 8. The slurry stopper 9 is annular and installed on the outside of the second sub-rod 3. The side of the slurry stopper 9 close to the tray 7 is flat, and the side of the slurry stopper away from the tray 7 is arc-shaped. This arrangement can better seal the hole and prevent concrete from overflowing; a self-expanding anchor head assembly 4 is installed on the side of the first sub-rod 2 away from the main rod body 1. The expansion anchor head assembly 4 includes an anchor head structure and a self-triggering structure; the anchor head structure includes an anchor body unit 48, the outer side of the first secondary rod 2 is evenly provided with grooves, and the anchor body unit 48 is installed in the groove, a hinge 41 is installed on one side of the anchor body unit 48, and the other end of the hinge 41 is installed on the side wall of the groove of the first secondary rod 2, a cavity is provided on the inner side of the anchor body unit 48, and a compression spring 47 is installed on the inner side of the cavity, the outer sides of the first secondary rod 2 and the anchor body unit 48 are provided with arc grooves, and a fixing ring 46 is installed on the inner side of the arc groove. This arrangement makes it possible to easily unfold one side of the rod body, which is not only convenient for installation, but also ensures the stability of the later anchoring; the self-triggering structure includes a movable frame 44, an movable frame 45, an movable frame 46 ... The movable frame 44 is slidably mounted on one end of the first auxiliary rod 2, and a support spring 45 is installed on the outer side of the movable frame 44. The two ends of the support spring 45 are respectively fitted with the movable frame 44 and the first auxiliary rod 2. A cutter head 43 is installed on one end of the movable frame 44. A slot 42 is provided on the side wall of the first auxiliary rod 2, and the two ends of the cutter head 43 are placed on the inner side of the slot 42. This arrangement can trigger the anchor head structure simply and quickly; the outer sides of the main rod body 1, the first auxiliary rod 2 and the second auxiliary rod 3 are evenly mounted with positioners 5. There are multiple positioners 5, and the positioners 5 are evenly mounted on the outer sides of the main rod body 1, the first auxiliary rod 2 and the second auxiliary rod 3. This arrangement can ensure that the rod body is located in the center of the hole, thereby ensuring stability in use;The positioner 5 includes multiple elastic positioning pieces 54. A first fixing nut 53 is mounted on one side of the elastic positioning piece 54. A connecting ring 52 is mounted on one side of the elastic positioning piece 54. A second fixing nut 51 is rotatably mounted on the other side of the connecting ring 52. This arrangement of the first fixing nut 53 and the second fixing nut 51 allows for easy and convenient adjustment of the diameter of the positioner 5, making it suitable for holes of different diameters.

[0030] Workflow: First, assemble the components. According to the actual length, the main rod body 1 is clamped with the first auxiliary rod 2 and the second auxiliary rod 3 through the L-shaped slot, and the two ends are screwed fixed by the connecting sleeve 6 to form a whole stable rod structure; then, the self-expanding anchor head assembly 4 is installed at the end of the first auxiliary rod 2, ensuring that the anchor body unit 48 is retracted into the groove through the hinge 41, and the movable frame 44 is pre-tightened by the support spring 45; then, after drilling the surrounding rock, insert the assembled anchor rod into the hole, and before the anchor rod is inserted into the hole, install the locator 5 to the outside of the anchor rod, and squeeze the elastic positioning piece 54 by rotating the second fixing nut 51, and the elastic positioning piece 5 4 is compressed and expanded, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the size of the locator 5, which is convenient for the subsequent auxiliary anchor rod to be positioned in the center. Finally, when the anchor rod is inserted to the set depth, the movable frame 44 of the self-expanding anchor head assembly 4 is squeezed and moved backward by the hole wall, the cutter head 43 cuts off the fixing ring 46, and the compression spring 47 is released to push the anchor body unit 48 to expand outward and embed into the rock mass to achieve mechanical anchoring. Then, grouting is injected through the hollow channel of the rod body, and the slurry fills the rock cracks. The arc surface design of the grouting plug 9 fits the hole wall to prevent the slurry from overflowing. After the slurry solidifies, the main nut 8 is rotated to press the tray 7, apply prestress, form a "surrounding rock-anchor rod" coordinated force system, and complete the support.

[0031] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core ideas. The above is only a preferred implementation method of the present invention. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, they can make several improvements, modifications or changes, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel anchor rod, comprising a main rod body (1), a tray (7) and a main nut (8), characterized in that: One end of the main rod body (1) is mounted with a first secondary rod (2), and the main rod body (1) and the first secondary rod (2) are engaged with each other; the other end of the main rod body (1) is mounted with a second secondary rod (3), and the main rod body (1) and the second secondary rod (3) are engaged with each other; connecting sleeves (6) are mounted on the outer sides of the connection points between the two ends of the main rod body (1) and the first secondary rod (2) and the second secondary rod (3); a tray (7) is mounted on the outer side of the other end of the second secondary rod (3); a main nut (8) is mounted on the other side of the tray (7), and the main nut (8) is spirally connected to the second secondary rod (3); A self-expanding anchor head assembly (4) is installed on the side of the first auxiliary rod (2) away from the main rod body (1), and the self-expanding anchor head assembly (4) comprises an anchor head structure and a self-triggering structure; The anchor head structure includes an anchor body unit (48), the outer side of the first secondary rod (2) is uniformly provided with grooves, and the anchor body unit (48) is installed in the grooves, a hinge (41) is installed on one side of the anchor body unit (48), and the other end of the hinge (41) is installed on the side wall of the groove of the first secondary rod (2), a cavity is provided on the inner side of the anchor body unit (48), and a compression spring (47) is installed on the inner side of the cavity, and the outer sides of the first secondary rod (2) and the anchor body unit (48) are both provided with arc grooves, and a fixing ring (46) is installed on the inner side of the arc groove; The self-triggering structure includes a movable frame (44), the movable frame (44) is slidably mounted on one end of the first auxiliary rod (2), a support spring (45) is mounted on the outer side of the movable frame (44), two ends of the support spring (45) are respectively in contact with the movable frame (44) and the first auxiliary rod (2), a cutter head (43) is mounted on one end of the movable frame (44), a slot (42) is provided on the side wall of the first auxiliary rod (2), and two ends of the cutter head (43) are placed on the inner side of the slot (42); Positioners (5) are evenly installed on the outer sides of the main rod body (1), the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3); the number of the positioners (5) is multiple, and the positioners (5) are evenly installed on the outer sides of the main rod body (1), the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3); The positioner (5) comprises an elastic positioning piece (54), the number of the elastic positioning pieces (54) is multiple, a first fixing nut (53) is installed on one side of the elastic positioning piece (54), a connecting ring (52) is installed on one side of the elastic positioning piece (54), and a second fixing nut (51) is rotatably installed on the other side of the connecting ring (52).

2. A tunnel anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner sides of the main rod body (1), the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3) are all hollow, the outer sides of the main rod body (1), the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3) are all provided with threads, and the main rod body (1), the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3) are spirally connected to the connecting sleeve (6) via the threads.

3. The tunnel anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: L-shaped slots are provided at both ends of the main rod body (1), one end of the first auxiliary rod (2) close to the main rod body (1), and one end of the second auxiliary rod (3) close to the main rod body (1); the main rod body (1) and the first auxiliary rod (2) are engaged via the slots, and the main rod body (1) and the second auxiliary rod (3) are engaged via the slots.

4. The tunnel anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3) is one, and the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3) are respectively mounted on both sides of the main rod body (1). The number of the main rod bodies (1) is multiple, and each adjacent main rod body (1) is connected via a connecting sleeve (6).

5. The tunnel anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stop plug (9) is installed on the side of the tray (7) away from the main nut (8), the stop plug (9) is arranged in an annular shape, and the stop plug (9) is installed on the outside of the second auxiliary rod (3), the side of the stop plug (9) close to the tray (7) is arranged in a flat surface, and the side of the stop plug (9) away from the tray (7) is arranged in an arc surface.

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