A device and method for measuring fluidity of tunnel grouting material

Abstract

The present invention provides a device and method for measuring the fluidity of tunnel grouting materials, belonging to the technical field of grouting material testing. The device comprises a top plate, side frames, a mounting platform, a box, a vertical adjustment mechanism, a conical tank, a flipping mechanism, a clamping and fixing mechanism, and other components. The top plate and the side frames form a frame structure. The vertical adjustment mechanism controls the lifting and lowering of the conical tank through a bidirectional screw and a screw nut plate, and a first spring is used to achieve delayed opening of the bottom outlet. The flipping mechanism comprises a motor, a first rotating rod, a second rotating rod, a fixed plate, and a second collection frame. The flipping mechanism drives the second collection frame to tilt through the motor and the rotating rod, and the clamping and fixing mechanism fixes and releases the second collection frame. The testing method comprises a horizontal test and an inclination test, and the fluidity is evaluated by measuring the material flow range and time. The device can simulate different working conditions and accurately measure the fluidity of tunnel grouting materials, and is innovative and practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of grouting material testing, and in particular relates to a device and method for measuring the fluidity of tunnel grouting material. Background Art

[0002] Grouting technology is widely used in tunnel engineering, underground space construction, and geotechnical reinforcement. It is a key construction method for improving ground stability and controlling groundwater leakage. Before grouting, it is crucial to evaluate the performance of the grouting material. Fluidity, a key indicator of the material's pumpability and diffusion capacity, directly impacts its filling effect in the ground and the quality of the construction.

[0003] Currently, there are a variety of test devices used in engineering practice to measure the fluidity of grouting materials. However, most of them have shortcomings such as single functions and inability to simulate variable actual working conditions. Many traditional measurement methods can only perform fluidity tests in a horizontal state and cannot accurately reflect the actual flow conditions of grouting materials at different inclination angles, resulting in deviations between test results and actual applications. In addition, some existing equipment also has many problems in material release control, measurement accuracy, and ease of operation. For example, the timing of material release is difficult to accurately control, measurement data is not accurate, and the complex structure of the equipment leads to cumbersome operation. These have greatly limited the efficiency and accuracy of the measurement work, making it difficult to meet the urgent needs of modern tunnel engineering construction for accurate evaluation of grouting material performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for measuring the fluidity of tunnel grouting materials, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art of difficulty in accurately simulating the flow state of grouting materials under actual construction conditions, insufficient operational flexibility, and inconvenience in collecting and cleaning materials after testing.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for measuring fluidity of tunnel grouting material, comprising:

[0007] A top plate, the bottom of which is fixed with side frames and a feed hopper is provided on the top, a mounting platform is fixed on the bottom of the side frames, and a box is provided under the mounting platform;

[0008] Vertical adjustment mechanism, including:

[0009] Bidirectional screw rod, horizontally rotated and connected to the mounting base on the side of the side frame;

[0010] Two screw nut plates are symmetrically engaged on both sides of the bidirectional screw and fixed to the bracket on their sides;

[0011] The crossbar has two ends connected to the bracket and the sliding seat, and the sliding seat slides left and right along the U-shaped slide groove of the side frame;

[0012] The conical tank is suspended under the crossbar through a connecting rod and a connecting seat and is adjusted up and down by a vertical adjustment mechanism. The bottom outlet of the conical tank is opened and closed by a blocking assembly;

[0013] The flip mechanism includes a motor, a first rotating rod, a second rotating rod, a fixed plate, and a second collection frame. The motor is arranged on the side of the L-shaped seat and its rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first rotating rod. The first rotating rod is connected to one end of the second rotating rod through a sprocket chain. The other end of the second rotating rod rotates through the U-shaped plate and is connected to the fixed plate.

[0014] The clamping and fixing mechanism includes a movable plate, a slide groove, a slider, a telescopic rod, and a second spring. A protrusion extends from the side end of the movable plate and is slidably connected to the fixed plate through a slider and a slide groove structure. The second collection frame is fixed by clamping the protrusion at the side end of the movable plate with the limit mouth. The second spring is sleeved on the telescopic end of the telescopic rod and its two ends are respectively in contact with the fixed end of the telescopic rod and the side of the movable plate.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a first rectangular plate is sleeved on the cross bar, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the first rectangular plate and the connecting seat through a rotating shaft. The lower end of the connecting seat is fixedly connected to the second rectangular plate, and the conical tank is fixed on the second rectangular plate and its bottom outlet is located below the second rectangular plate.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, in the vertical adjustment mechanism, the bidirectional screw rotates forward to drive the screw nut plate to separate, driving the conical tank to rise and press the circular plug; when it rotates in the reverse direction, the screw nut plate closes, and the conical tank descends in two stages:

[0017] Stage 1: The first spring is compressed to maintain the seal;

[0018] The second stage: After the first spring returns to its original position, the round plug is separated from the bottom outlet of the conical tank.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the second spring pushes the two movable plates closer together under normal conditions, so that the protrusion remains locked in the limit opening; when the two movable plates are pulled outward to compress the second spring, the distance between the movable plates increases to release the second collection frame.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the sealing assembly includes a connecting frame, a long rod, a sleeve, a first spring and a circular plug. The connecting frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the feed hopper, the long rod is connected to the lower end of the connecting frame, the sleeve is slidably mounted on the circumferential surface of the long rod, the circular plug is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sleeve, and the first spring is arranged in the circumferential cavity of the sleeve and its upper end abuts against the long rod, and its lower end abuts against the circular plug.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the side end of the side frame is rotatably connected to a light rod, and the light rod is rotatably connected to the lower end of the screw nut plate. The light rod is respectively connected to the second rotating rod and the bidirectional screw rod through a sprocket chain, so that when the conical tank descends, the light rod synchronously drives the second rotating rod to rotate, driving the second collection frame to tilt.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a concentric circle scale is provided on the top surface of the second collecting frame with the bottom outlet of the conical tank as the center, for observing the flow expansion range of the grouting material.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a chute frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the side end of the box body, and a first collecting frame with a handle is slidably connected to the chute frame. The first collecting frame is used to receive the grouting material poured out from the second collecting frame.

[0024] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the length of the top plate is equal to the side end length of the side frame, and the inner diameter of the lower end outlet of the feed hopper is consistent with the inner diameter of the conical tank.

[0025] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for measuring the fluidity of a tunnel grouting material, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Level test process:

[0027] a. Keep the second collection frame horizontal and rotate the bidirectional screw by the handwheel to raise the conical tank until its bottom outlet contacts the circular plug to form a seal;

[0028] b. The grouting material to be tested is injected into the conical tank through the feed hopper, and the bidirectional screw is rotated in the opposite direction to lower the conical tank, so that the bottom outlet is separated from the circular plug, and the grouting material to be tested flows into the second horizontally placed collection frame;

[0029] c. Observe the flow range of the material on the surface of the second collection frame and read the maximum flow distance and coverage area on the concentric circle scale;

[0030] Tilt test process:

[0031] The conical tank is raised by rotating the bidirectional screw rod by the hand wheel until its bottom outlet contacts the circular plug to form an initial seal. The bidirectional screw rod is further rotated to further raise the conical tank, compressing the first spring to a preset compression amount, and injecting the grouting material to be tested into the conical tank through the feed hopper;

[0032] b. Maintain the current position of the bidirectional screw, connect the polished rod and the second rotating rod through the sprocket chain, and at the same time, the polished rod links the bidirectional screw to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the conical tank descends synchronously;

[0033] c. During the descent of the conical tank, the elastic force of the first spring maintains the sealing contact between the circular plug and the outlet of the conical tank until the first spring returns to its natural length;

[0034] d. When the first spring returns to its natural length, the outlet of the conical tank opens, and the material flows into the second collection box whose tilt angle reaches the preset value synchronously;

[0035] e. The flow time of the material from entry to outflow is recorded by setting trigger sensors at the inlet end and the bottom end of the inclined surface of the second collecting frame.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. In this solution, the second collection frame can be tilted to different angles by setting a flip mechanism, simulating various tilting conditions that the material may encounter in actual construction during the tunnel grouting process, making the measurement results more suitable for practical applications.

[0038] 2. In this solution: the elastic potential energy of the first spring is used to achieve delayed opening of the bottom outlet of the conical tank, ensuring the coordination between the material release timing and the inclination angle of the second collection frame, and avoiding flow pattern instability caused by instantaneous impact.

[0039] 3. In this solution: the second collection frame is detachable through the snap-fit ​​between the protrusion and the limit opening, and a slide frame is provided on the inner wall of the box to be slidably connected to the first collection frame, so as to facilitate the rapid cleaning of residual materials after the test and reduce the risk of cross contamination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 An exploded view of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Exploded view of the middle side frame;

[0044] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Exploded view of the middle mounting platform;

[0045] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Exploded view of the middle side frame;

[0046] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0047] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0048] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Exploded view of the middle L-shaped seat;

[0049] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0050] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at the mid-long rod plate;

[0051] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 7 An enlarged view of the second collection frame at point D in the middle.

[0052] In the figure: 1. Side frame; 101. Top plate; 102. Feed hopper; 103. Connecting frame; 104. Long rod; 1041. Sleeve; 1042. First spring; 105. Round plug; 106. U-shaped chute; 107. Sliding seat; 108. Crossbar; 109. First rectangular plate; 110. Connecting rod; 111. Connecting seat; 112. Second rectangular plate; 113. Conical tank; 2. Mounting seat; 201. Bidirectional screw rod; 202. Polished rod; 20 3. Screw nut plate; 204. Bracket; 3. Mounting table; 301. Box; 302. Slide rack; 303. First collection frame; 304. Handle; 4. Motor; 5. L-shaped seat; 501. U-shaped plate; 502. First rotating rod; 503. Second rotating rod; 6. Fixed plate; 601. Moving plate; 602. Slide; 603. Slider; 604. Telescopic rod; 605. Second spring; 606. Bump; 7. Second collection frame; 701. Limit opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "mounted / connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0056] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-11 The present invention provides a device for measuring the fluidity of tunnel grouting materials, comprising:

[0057] The top plate 101 has a side frame 1 fixed to its bottom and a feed hopper 102 on its top. The bottom of the side frame 1 is fixed with a mounting platform 3, and a box 301 is provided under the mounting platform 3;

[0058] Vertical adjustment mechanism, including:

[0059] A bidirectional screw rod 201 is horizontally rotatably connected to the mounting base 2 on the side of the side frame 1;

[0060] Two screw nut plates 203 are symmetrically engaged on both sides of the bidirectional screw 201 and fixed to the bracket 204 on their sides;

[0061] The crossbar 108 has two ends connected to the bracket 204 and the sliding seat 107, and the sliding seat 107 slides left and right along the U-shaped sliding groove 106 of the side frame 1;

[0062] The conical tank 113 is suspended below the crossbar 108 through the connecting rod 110 and the connecting seat 111 and is adjusted to rise and fall by the vertical adjustment mechanism. The bottom outlet of the conical tank 113 is opened and closed by the blocking assembly;

[0063] The flip mechanism includes a motor 4, a first rotating rod 502, a second rotating rod 503, a fixed plate 6, and a second collection frame 7. The motor 4 is arranged on the side of the L-shaped seat 5 and its rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first rotating rod 502. The first rotating rod 502 is connected to one end of the second rotating rod 503 through a sprocket chain. The other end of the second rotating rod 503 rotates through the U-shaped plate 501 and is connected to the fixed plate 6.

[0064] The clamping and fixing mechanism includes a movable plate 601, a slide groove 602, a slider 603, a telescopic rod 604, and a second spring 605. A protrusion 606 extends from the side end of the movable plate 601 and is slidably connected to the fixed plate 6 through the slider 603 and the slide groove 602 structure. The second collection frame 7 is fixed to the limit opening 701 by the protrusion 606 at the side end of the movable plate 601. The second spring 605 is sleeved on the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 604 and its two ends are respectively abutted against the fixed end of the telescopic rod 604 and the side of the movable plate 601.

[0065] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the vertical adjustment mechanism is used to realize the lifting and lowering movement of the conical tank 113. The bidirectional screw 201 is horizontally mounted on the mounting seat 2 on the side of the side frame 1 and can rotate smoothly in both directions. The two screw nut plates 203 are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the bidirectional screw 201. As the bidirectional screw 201 rotates, the screw nut plates 203 can move precisely along the axial direction of the bidirectional screw 201. A bracket 204 is fixedly connected to the side of each screw nut plate 203, and the other end of the bracket 204 is connected to the cross bar 108. The two ends of the cross bar 108 are respectively connected to the bracket 204 and the sliding seat 107. The sliding seat 107 is embedded in the U-shaped slide 106 of the side frame 1 and can slide left and right along the U-shaped slide 106, thereby ensuring that the cross bar 108 and the conical tank 113 suspended thereunder remain stable during the lifting process. The conical tank 113 is made of high-quality steel with a smooth inner wall to ensure that the grouting material can flow out smoothly. The bottom outlet is equipped with a sealing assembly, which includes a connecting frame 103, a long rod 104, a sleeve 1041, a first spring 1042, and a circular plug 105. The connecting frame 103 is fixed to the upper end of the feed hopper 102, the long rod 104 is connected to the lower end of the connecting frame 103, the sleeve 1041 is slidably mounted on the long rod 104, and the circular plug 105 is fixed to the lower end of the sleeve 1041. The first spring 1042 is installed in the circumferential cavity of the sleeve 1041, with its ends respectively abutting the long rod 104 and the circular plug 105. When the conical tank 113 rises, the circular plug 105 is pressed against the bottom outlet of the conical tank to achieve a seal; when the conical tank 113 descends, the circular plug 105 is separated from the bottom outlet of the conical tank under the action of spring force and gravity, thereby opening the outlet and releasing the grouting material. The flipping mechanism is responsible for driving the second collection frame 7 to flip to simulate the flow of grouting material at different tilt angles. When the motor 4 is started, the first rotating rod 502 rotates, driving the second rotating rod 503 to rotate through the sprocket chain transmission, thereby causing the fixed plate 6 and the second collection frame 7 installed thereon to rotate around the axis of the second rotating rod 503 to achieve a flipping action. Both the L-shaped seat 5 and the U-shaped plate 501 are high-strength metal structures to ensure the stability and safety of the flipping process. The clamping and fixing mechanism is used to firmly mount the second collection frame 7 on the fixed plate 6 and can be quickly disassembled when needed. The side end of the movable plate 601 extends a protrusion 606, which is slidably connected to the fixed plate 6 through the slider 603 and the slide groove 602 structure. The cooperation between the slider 603 and the slide groove 602 ensures that the movable plate 601 can slide smoothly along the fixed plate 6. Under the elastic force of the second spring 605, the two movable plates 601 move toward each other, causing the protrusion 606 to engage the retaining hole 701 on the side of the second collection frame 7, thereby firmly fixing the second collection frame 7 to the fixed plate 6. When the second collection frame 7 needs to be removed, the movable plate 601 is simply pulled outward to compress the second spring 605, causing the protrusion 606 to withdraw from the retaining hole 701, and the second collection frame 7 can be easily removed.This clamping and fixing method not only ensures the stability of the second collecting frame 7 during the flipping process, but also facilitates the rapid replacement of the second collecting frame 7, thereby improving the convenience of use of the device.

[0066] For details, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 A first rectangular plate 109 is sleeved on the cross bar 108, and the two ends of the connecting rod 110 are respectively connected to the first rectangular plate 109 and the connecting seat 111 through a rotating shaft. The lower end of the connecting seat 111 is fixedly connected to the second rectangular plate 112, and the conical tank 113 is fixed on the second rectangular plate 112 and its bottom outlet is located below the second rectangular plate 112.

[0067] In this embodiment, a first rectangular plate 109 is sleeved onto the crossbar 108. The first rectangular plate 109 is made of high-quality steel and has high strength and rigidity. Its shape matches the crossbar 108's cross section, allowing it to fit tightly onto the crossbar 108. A positioning device ensures that it does not slide relative to the crossbar 108 during use. The two ends of the first rectangular plate 109 are connected to a connecting rod 110 via a rotating shaft. This rotational connection allows the connecting rod 110 to rotate freely within a certain range, thereby adapting to the suspension requirements of the conical tank 113 at different heights. The second rectangular plate 112 is connected to the first rectangular plate 109 on the crossbar 108 via the connecting rod 110, forming a stable suspension structure. The crossbar 108 is connected to the bidirectional screw 201 via a screw nut plate 203, enabling the lifting and lowering movement of the conical tank 113. The connecting rod 110 is connected to the rotating shaft between the first rectangular plate 109 and the connecting seat 111, allowing the conical tank 113 to have a certain degree of flexibility during the lifting process, adapting to the use requirements of the device under different working conditions. This connection design also facilitates the installation and removal of the conical tank 113, thereby improving the maintenance convenience of the device.

[0068] For details, please refer to Figure 1-9 In the vertical adjustment mechanism, the bidirectional screw 201 rotates forward to drive the screw nut plate 203 to separate, driving the conical tank 113 to rise and press the circular plug 105; when it rotates in the reverse direction, the screw nut plate 203 closes, and the conical tank 113 descends in two stages:

[0069] Stage 1: The first spring 1042 is compressed to maintain sealing;

[0070] Stage 2: After the first spring 1042 is reset, the circular plug 105 is separated from the bottom outlet of the conical tank 113 .

[0071] In this embodiment, a handwheel is fixed to the side end of the bidirectional screw rod 201. When the conical tank 113 needs to be raised, the operator drives the bidirectional screw rod 201 in forward rotation using the handwheel or a motor. As the bidirectional screw rod 201 rotates, the screw nut plate 203, driven by the threads, moves axially outward along the bidirectional screw rod 201, pushing the crossbar 108 and the sliding seat 107 upward along the U-shaped chute 106 of the side frame 1. The rise of the crossbar 108 drives the conical tank 113 to rise synchronously. When the conical tank 113 rises to a certain position, its bottom outlet presses against the circular plug 105, achieving a seal under the action of the sealing assembly and preventing leakage of the grouting material. During the initial stage of the conical tank 113's descent, the elastic force of the first spring 1042 keeps the circular plug 105 in close contact with the bottom outlet of the conical tank 113, maintaining the seal. At this time, the first spring 1042 continues to be compressed, further increasing its elastic potential energy. This stage ensures that the grouting material is not immediately released when the conical tank 113 begins to descend. By storing and releasing the elastic potential energy of the first spring 1042, the vertical adjustment mechanism achieves a delayed opening function for the bottom outlet of the conical tank 113. This not only effectively cushions the impact of the material release but also ensures a stable flow pattern when the material flows into the second collection frame 7, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0072] For details, please refer to Figure 1-9 Under normal circumstances, the second spring 605 pushes the two movable plates 601 closer together, so that the protrusion 606 remains locked in the limit opening 701; when the two movable plates 601 are pulled outward to compress the second spring 605, the distance between the movable plates 601 increases to release the second collection frame 7.

[0073] In this embodiment, under normal conditions, the second spring 605 is in a naturally extended state, and its elastic force pushes the two movable plates 601 toward each other, causing the protrusion 606 to tightly engage the retaining opening 701 on the side of the second collection frame 7, thereby firmly fixing the second collection frame 7 to the fixed plate 6. This locked state ensures that during the test process, even if the device is flipped or vibrated, the second collection frame 7 remains stable and will not loosen or shift, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test data. When the second collection frame 7 needs to be disassembled or replaced, the operator simply pulls the two movable plates 601 outward to overcome the elastic force of the second spring 605 and compress it. As the movable plates 601 move outward, the protrusion 606 withdraws from the retaining opening 701, and the locked state between the second collection frame 7 and the fixed plate 6 is released. The operator can then easily remove the second collection frame 7 for operations such as cleaning, replacement, or maintenance. This design makes the disassembly and installation of the second collection frame 7 simple and quick, improving the ease of use and maintenance efficiency of the device.

[0074] For details, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 10The sealing assembly includes a connecting frame 103, a long rod 104, a sleeve 1041, a first spring 1042 and a circular plug 105. The connecting frame 103 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the feed hopper 102, the long rod 104 is connected to the lower end of the connecting frame 103, the sleeve 1041 is slidably sleeved on the circumferential surface of the long rod 104, and the circular plug 105 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sleeve 1041. The first spring 1042 is arranged in the circumferential cavity of the sleeve 1041 and its upper end abuts against the long rod 104, and its lower end abuts against the circular plug 105.

[0075] In this embodiment, as the conical tank 113 rises, its bottom outlet gradually approaches the circular plug 105. As the conical tank 113 continues to rise, the circular plug 105 is pushed by the bottom outlet, overcoming the elastic force of the first spring 1042, driving the sleeve 1041 to slide upward along the long rod 104, compressing the first spring 1042. At this point, the circular plug 105 fits tightly against the bottom outlet of the conical tank 113, forming a seal that prevents the grouting material from leaking. At the same time, the first spring 1042 stores elastic potential energy, allowing the conical tank 113 to begin descending when the grouting material needs to be released. In the initial stages of the conical tank 113's descent, the elastic force of the first spring 1042 is still greater than the force exerted by the bottom outlet of the conical tank 113 on the circular plug 105, so the circular plug 105 maintains sealed contact with the bottom outlet. As the conical tank 113 continues to descend, the compression of the first spring 1042 gradually decreases, and the elastic force also decreases. When the conical tank 113 drops to a certain position and the elastic force of the first spring 1042 is less than the force of the bottom outlet of the conical tank 113 on the circular plug 105, the circular plug 105 overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 1042 under the thrust of the bottom outlet of the conical tank 113, drives the sleeve 1041 to slide downward along the long rod 104, and the circular plug 105 is separated from the bottom outlet of the conical tank 113, thereby opening the bottom outlet of the conical tank. The grouting material flows out under the action of gravity and enters the second collection frame 7 for fluidity test.

[0076] For details, please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 8 The side end of the side frame 1 is rotatably connected to the polished rod 202, and the polished rod 202 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the screw nut plate 203. The polished rod 202 is respectively connected to the second rotating rod 503 and the bidirectional screw rod 201 through a sprocket chain, so that when the conical tank 113 descends, the polished rod 202 synchronously drives the second rotating rod 503 to rotate, driving the second collecting frame 7 to tilt.

[0077] In this embodiment, the polished rod 202 is connected to the second rotating rod 503 and the bidirectional screw rod 201 via a sprocket chain, forming a linked transmission system. When the conical tank 113 descends, the polished rod 202 synchronously drives the second rotating rod 503 to rotate, causing the second collection frame 7 to tilt. This transmission design ensures precise synchronization between the descending movement of the conical tank 113 and the tilting movement of the second collection frame 7, avoiding problems such as measurement errors or unstable material flow that may be caused by asynchronous movement of the two.

[0078] For details, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The top surface of the second collecting frame 7 is provided with concentric circle scales centered on the bottom outlet of the conical tank 113 for observing the flow expansion range of the grouting material.

[0079] In this embodiment, the second collection frame 7 is a key component for collecting the grouting material released from the conical tank 113. Its top surface is marked with concentric circular scales centered on the bottom outlet of the conical tank 113. These concentric circular scales are drawn at a predetermined spacing and radius, allowing for intuitive observation and measurement of the flow and spread of the grouting material. By measuring the maximum distance and coverage of the material on the surface of the second collection frame 7, the flow properties of the grouting material at different inclination angles can be accurately assessed.

[0080] For details, please refer to Figure 4 The inner wall of the side end of the box body 301 is fixedly connected with a slide frame 302, and the slide frame 302 is slidably connected to a first collection frame 303 with a handle 304. The first collection frame 303 is used to receive the grouting material poured out from the second collection frame 7.

[0081] In this embodiment, after the grouting material has finished flowing and exited the second collection frame 7, it ultimately falls into the first collection frame 303 disposed within the housing 301. To remove the grouting material, the operator grasps the handle 304 and pulls it outward to pour out the material or clean it. Once cleaning or replacement is complete, the first collection frame 303 is pushed back into the housing 301 via the chute frame 302 to restore the original state.

[0082] For details, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 The length of the top plate 101 is equal to the side end length of the side frame 1, and the inner diameter of the lower end outlet of the feed hopper 102 is consistent with the inner diameter of the conical tank 113.

[0083] In this embodiment, the top plate 101 and the side frame 1 are designed to be of equal length, allowing the entire device to form a uniformly stressed frame during installation and use. The inner diameter of the lower outlet of the feed hopper 102 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inlet of the conical tank 113. This design creates a certain flow rate and pressure when the grouting material flows into the conical tank 113, ensuring that the material can enter the conical tank 113 smoothly. This design is particularly suitable for grouting materials with high viscosity or easy clogging, effectively preventing material accumulation or clogging at the connection between the feed hopper 102 and the conical tank 113, ensuring the smooth progress of the testing process.

[0084] The device's usage process begins with a check of all components to ensure they are securely installed and operating smoothly, and then preparing the material to be tested. To enter the horizontal test phase, the handwheel is turned to rotate the bidirectional screw 201 forward, driving the conical tank 113 upward to pressurize the circular plug 105. After forming a seal, the grouting material is injected through the feed hopper 102. The bidirectional screw 201 is then rotated in the reverse direction to lower the conical tank 113, allowing the material to flow into the horizontally positioned second collection frame 7. The flow rate is then read. To perform the tilt test, the handwheel is further rotated to raise the conical tank 113 further, compressing the first spring 1042. After injecting the material, the bidirectional screw 201 is held in place, the polished rod 202 is connected to the second rotating rod 503, and the bidirectional screw 201 is rotated in the reverse direction to lower the conical tank 113. The elastic potential energy of the first spring 1042 delays the opening of the conical tank 113 outlet, ensuring that the material release is coordinated with the tilting of the second collection frame 7. The material flow time is then recorded. After the test is completed, the material in the second collection frame 7 is cleared and the data is collated. Finally, the device is cleaned and maintained. The entire process ensures the precise determination of the fluidity of the tunnel grouting material.

[0085] Example 2: Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for determining the fluidity of tunnel grouting materials, including the following two testing methods:

[0086] Grouting material fluidity level test process:

[0087] a. Keep the second collection frame 7 level, rotate the bidirectional screw 201 by the handwheel to raise the conical tank 113 until its bottom outlet contacts the circular plug 105 to form a seal;

[0088] b. The grouting material to be tested is injected into the conical tank 113 through the feed hopper 102, and the bidirectional screw 201 is rotated in the opposite direction to lower the conical tank 113, and the bottom outlet is separated from the circular plug 105, and the grouting material to be tested flows into the second horizontally placed collection frame 7;

[0089] Observe the flow range of the material on the surface of the second collecting frame 7 and read the maximum flow distance and coverage area on the concentric circle scale;

[0090] Grouting material fluidity tilt test process:

[0091] The conical tank 113 is raised by rotating the bidirectional screw rod 201 by the hand wheel until its bottom outlet contacts the circular plug 105 to form an initial seal. The bidirectional screw rod 201 is further rotated to further raise the conical tank 113, compressing the first spring 1042 to a preset compression amount, and injecting the grouting material to be tested into the conical tank 113 through the feed hopper 102.

[0092] b maintain the current position of the bidirectional screw 201, the polished rod 202 and the second rod 503 are connected by a sprocket chain, and at the same time, the polished rod 202 is linked to the bidirectional screw 201 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the tapered tank 113 is synchronously lowered;

[0093] c. During the descent of the conical tank 113, the elastic force of the first spring 1042 maintains the sealing contact between the circular plug 105 and the outlet of the conical tank 113 until the first spring 1042 returns to its natural length;

[0094] d. When the first spring 1042 returns to its natural length, the outlet of the conical tank 113 opens, and the material flows into the second collecting frame 7 whose tilt angle reaches the preset value synchronously;

[0095] The flow time of the material from entering to flowing out is recorded by trigger sensors arranged at the inlet end and the bottom end of the inclined surface of the second collecting frame 7 .

[0096] Result analysis: Based on the fluidity data obtained from the horizontal and inclined tests and the actual construction requirements, it is judged that the fluidity of the cement slurry meets the standards of this tunnel construction project and can meet the construction needs.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the fluidity of tunnel grouting materials, characterized in that: include: A top plate (101), the bottom of the top plate (101) is fixedly connected to the side frame (1) on all sides and a feed hopper (102) is provided on the top thereof, a mounting platform (3) is fixed to the bottom of the side frame (1), and a box (301) is provided below the mounting platform (3); Vertical adjustment mechanism, including: A bidirectional screw rod (201) is horizontally rotatably connected to a mounting seat (2) on a side of the side frame (1); Two screw nut plates (203) are symmetrically engaged on both sides of the bidirectional screw (201) and the sides of which are fixedly connected to the bracket (204); The conical tank (113) is suspended below the crossbar (108) through a connecting rod (110) and a connecting seat (111) and is adjusted to rise and fall by a vertical adjustment mechanism. The bottom outlet of the conical tank (113) is opened and closed by a blocking assembly. The blocking assembly includes a connecting frame (103), a long rod (104), a sleeve (1041), a first spring (1042) and a circular plug (105). The connecting frame (103) is fixedly connected to the feed hopper. (102), the long rod (104) is connected to the lower end of the connecting frame (103), the sleeve (1041) is slidably sleeved on the circumferential surface of the long rod (104), the circular plug (105) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sleeve (1041), and the first spring (1042) is arranged in the circumferential cavity of the sleeve (1041) and its upper end abuts against the long rod (104), and its lower end abuts against the circular plug (105); In the vertical adjustment mechanism, the bidirectional screw (201) rotates forward to drive the screw nut plate (203) to separate, driving the conical tank (113) to rise and press the circular plug (105); when rotating in the reverse direction, the screw nut plate (203) closes, and the conical tank (113) descends in two stages: First stage: the first spring (1042) is compressed to maintain the seal; Second stage: after the first spring (1042) is reset, the circular plug (105) is separated from the bottom outlet of the conical tank (113); A crossbar (108) is connected at both ends to a bracket (204) and a sliding seat (107), the sliding seat (107) slides left and right along a U-shaped slide groove (106) of the side frame (1), a first rectangular plate (109) is sleeved on the crossbar (108), and the two ends of the connecting rod (110) are respectively connected to the first rectangular plate (109) and the connecting seat (111) by a rotating shaft, the lower end of the connecting seat (111) is fixedly connected to the second rectangular plate (112), and the conical tank (113) is fixed on the second rectangular plate (112) and its bottom outlet is located below the second rectangular plate (112); A turning mechanism, the turning mechanism comprising a motor (4), a first rotating rod (502), a second rotating rod (503), a fixed plate (6), and a second collecting frame (7); the motor (4) is arranged on the side of the L-shaped seat (5) and its rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first rotating rod (502); the first rotating rod (502) is transmission-connected to one end of the second rotating rod (503) via a sprocket chain; the other end of the second rotating rod (503) rotates through the U-shaped plate (501) and is connected to the fixed plate (6); The clamping and fixing mechanism comprises a movable plate (601), a slide groove (602), a slider (603), a telescopic rod (604), and a second spring (605); a protrusion (606) extends from the side end of the movable plate (601) and is slidably connected to the fixed plate (6) through the slider (603) and the slide groove (602) structure; the second collecting frame (7) is fixed by the protrusion (606) at the side end of the movable plate (601) and the limiting opening (701); the second spring (605) is sleeved on the telescopic end of the telescopic rod (604) and its two ends respectively abut against the fixed end of the telescopic rod (604) and the side of the movable plate (601).

2. A device for measuring fluidity of tunnel grouting material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second spring (605) pushes the two movable plates (601) closer together under normal conditions, so that the protrusion (606) remains locked in the limit opening (701); when the two movable plates (601) are pulled outward to compress the second spring (605), the distance between the movable plates (601) increases to release the second collection frame (7).

3. The device for measuring fluidity of tunnel grouting material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side end of the side frame (1) is rotatably connected to the polished rod (202), and the polished rod (202) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the screw nut plate (203). The polished rod (202) is respectively connected to the second rotating rod (503) and the bidirectional screw rod (201) through a sprocket chain, so that when the conical tank (113) descends, the polished rod (202) synchronously drives the second rotating rod (503) to rotate, thereby driving the second collecting frame (7) to tilt.

4. A device for measuring fluidity of tunnel grouting material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the second collecting frame (7) is provided with concentric circle scales centered at the bottom outlet of the conical tank (113) for observing the flow expansion range of the grouting material.

5. A device for measuring fluidity of tunnel grouting material according to claim 4, characterized in that: A chute frame (302) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the side end of the box body (301), and a first collecting frame (303) with a handle (304) is slidably connected to the chute frame (302). The first collecting frame (303) is used to receive the grouting material poured out from the second collecting frame (7).

6. The device for measuring fluidity of tunnel grouting material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the top plate (101) is equal to the length of the side end of the side frame (1), and the inner diameter of the lower end outlet of the feed hopper (102) is consistent with the inner diameter of the conical tank (113).

7. A method for measuring the fluidity of a tunnel grouting material, using a device for measuring the fluidity of a tunnel grouting material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: There are two test methods: Grouting material fluidity level test process: a. Keep the second collecting frame (7) level, and rotate the bidirectional screw (201) by the handwheel to raise the conical tank (113) until its bottom outlet contacts the circular plug (105) to form a seal; b. The grouting material to be tested is injected into the conical tank (113) through the feed hopper (102), and the bidirectional screw (201) is rotated in the opposite direction to lower the conical tank (113), and the bottom outlet thereof is separated from the circular plug (105), and the grouting material to be tested flows into the second horizontally placed collection frame (7); c. Observe the flow range of the material on the surface of the second collection frame (7), and read the maximum flow distance and coverage area on the concentric circle scale; Grouting material fluidity tilt test process: The conical tank (113) is raised by rotating the bidirectional screw rod (201) by a hand wheel until the bottom outlet thereof abuts against the circular plug (105) to form an initial seal, and the bidirectional screw rod (201) is further rotated to further raise the conical tank (113), compressing the first spring (1042) to a preset compression amount, and injecting the grouting material to be tested into the conical tank (113) through the feed hopper (102); b. Maintaining the current position of the bidirectional screw (201), the polished rod (202) is connected to the second rotating rod (503) via a sprocket chain. At the same time, the polished rod (202) is linked to the bidirectional screw (201) to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the conical tank (113) is synchronously lowered; c. During the descent of the conical tank (113), the elastic force of the first spring (1042) maintains the sealing contact between the circular plug (105) and the outlet of the conical tank (113) until the first spring (1042) returns to its natural length; d. When the first spring (1042) returns to its natural length, the outlet of the conical tank (113) opens, and the material flows into the second collecting frame (7) whose tilt angle reaches a preset value simultaneously; e. The flow time of the material from entry to outflow is recorded by setting trigger sensors at the inlet end and the bottom end of the inclined surface of the second collecting frame (7).

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