Sand flux monitoring system and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sand flux monitoring, in particular to a sand flux monitoring system and method. The sand flux monitoring system comprises a sand collecting box, a wind speed monitoring system, a data collecting system and a weighing system, the wind speed monitoring system is used for measuring the environmental wind speed, and the wind speed monitoring system is connected with the data collection system; the data collection system is connected with the sand collection box, the sand collection box is connected with the weighing system, and the weighing system is connected with the data collection system. The sand flux monitoring system and the monitoring method can be used for evaluating the wind erosion capacity of the material in the Sagolian environment, and can further guide the model selection of the material in the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sand flux monitoring, and particularly to a sand flux monitoring system and a monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] In the sandy, arid and barren environment, the sand erosion resistance (abbreviated as wind erosion) performance of materials is an important index of the weather resistance of materials. Wind erosion means that the wind impacts sand grains of different sizes and shapes on the material surface at high speed, causing scratches or impact damage to the material, and then causing irreversible damage to the material. Since the sand is randomly and non-uniformly distributed in the wind, it cannot be measured by indicators such as concentration. The sand flux refers to the total amount of sand passing through a specific area within a certain period of time, which can reflect the wind erosion ability of a certain area. Therefore, the monitoring of the sand flux in the target area is of great significance for evaluating the wind erosion resistance of materials.

[0003] In a Chinese invention patent with a publication number of CN117232770A and a publication date of December 15, 2023, a sand collection structure and a wind erosion instrument are disclosed. The sand collection structure includes a housing, a sand and wind separation component, a guide plate and a sand collection box. Among them, a sand and wind inlet is opened on the housing, the sand and wind separation component is arranged inside the housing, and one end of the sand and wind separation component is connected to an exhaust pipe, and the other end is connected to a filter screen. The guide plate is arranged inside the housing to guide the sand and dust filtered by the filter screen into the sand collection box; the sand collection box is arranged inside the housing to collect the sand and dust guided by the guide plate. By adding a sand and wind separation component, a filter screen and a star-chasing guide plate structure, the air flow velocity is reduced, so that the sand and wind are efficiently separated, the impact of the air flow on the bottom of the sand collection box is reduced, and the accuracy of weighing is improved. A plurality of sand collection structures are placed on the wind erosion instrument and fixed on a fixed rod that can rotate radially, so that the sand inlet is always aligned with the incoming wind direction, and sand samples at different heights can be effectively collected. The design of this patent takes into account the problem of sand and wind separation. However, in this patent, the separation port of the sand and wind separator is easily blocked by sand grains carried by high wind speeds during use, greatly reducing the sand and wind separation effect. Not only that, the blocked separation port will also cause the wind to blow back from the air inlet, forming a convection, which affects the sand intake at the air inlet of the sand collection structure. In addition, the design structure of this patent is too complex, and it is inconvenient to take sand, which is not conducive to use.

[0004] In the Chinese utility model patent with announcement number CN221198877U and announcement date 2024-06-21, an automatic sand collector is disclosed, and specifically discloses a buried crust, the bottom of the inner surface is fixedly connected to two shaft plates, the shaft plate is rotatably connected to a rotating rod and extends one end, this end is linked with a motor, and the bottom of the motor is fixed to the inner surface of the buried crust. The outer surface of the rotating rod is fixedly sleeved with two cranks, the crank far end is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, the end of the connecting rod away from the crank is rotatably connected to an axis block, the top of the axis block is fixedly connected to a synchronous plate, the top of the synchronous plate is fixed with six top rods, and the inner surface of the buried crust is fixedly connected to a pressure plate. The device is provided with a lifting and material collection structure to facilitate material collection. The design of this patent takes into account the different sand amounts at different heights, and collection pipes are set at different heights to collect and pack in the bottom sand collection box. However, different collection pipes have problems such as different lengths, coarse to thin, and long pipelines, which will lead to unsmooth sand entry and blockage. In addition, the air outlet and the sand outlet are the same outlet, which will cause sand to splash during the collection process, making it impossible to obtain the accurate amount of sand at each height. Summary of the invention

[0005] The first purpose of the present invention is to provide a sand flux monitoring system, which includes a sand collecting box, a wind speed monitoring system, a weighing system and a data collection system, wherein the sand collecting box is the main structure for collecting sand, and the wind speed monitoring system is used to monitor and collect wind speed data in real time. By setting up the wind speed monitoring system, it can be used to measure the wind speed and the amount of sand acting on a unit area under a certain wind direction. By placing the sand flux monitoring system at different heights, the sand flux at different heights can be obtained. The weighing system can weigh and measure the sand collected by the sand collecting box under windless conditions. The data collection system can collect and record data from the wind speed monitoring system and the weighing system, and can also judge the wind speed data, and then control the sand lowering switch on the sand collecting box;

[0006] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a monitoring method for a sand flux monitoring system, which can be used to evaluate the wind erosion capacity of materials in a sand desert environment and can further guide the selection of materials in this environment.

[0007] The present invention provides a sand flux monitoring system, comprising a sand collecting box, a wind speed monitoring system, a data collection system and a weighing system;

[0008] The wind speed monitoring system is used to measure the ambient wind speed, and the wind speed monitoring system is connected to the data collection system;

[0009] The data collection system is connected to the sand collection box, the sand collection box is connected to the weighing system, and the weighing system is connected to the data collection system.

[0010] Preferably, the wind speed monitoring system includes an anemometer.

[0011] Preferably, the sand collecting box includes a main body, the main body includes a cuboid and a cone connected up and down, a sand and wind inlet is opened on one side of the cuboid, and a plurality of exhaust holes are opened on the other three sides of the cuboid;

[0012] A weighing system is connected below the cone.

[0013] More preferably, the sand collecting box further includes a diversion plate and a metal mesh, the diversion plate is arranged below the sand and wind inlet, and the metal mesh is arranged below the diversion plate.

[0014] More preferably, the sand collecting box further includes a sand discharging switch, and the sand discharging switch is installed on the cone.

[0015] More preferably, the weighing system includes a weighing box and a weighing sensor;

[0016] The weighing box is connected to the cone, the weighing sensor is installed at the inner bottom end of the weighing box, and the weighing sensor is connected to the data collection system.

[0017] More preferably, the weighing system further includes a fixing structure, and the fixing structure is installed on both sides of the weighing sensor for fixing the weighing sensor at the inner bottom end of the weighing box.

[0018] The present invention also provides a monitoring method for a sand flux monitoring system, including the following steps:

[0019] S1: The sand collecting box collects sand grains;

[0020] S2: The wind speed monitoring system measures the ambient wind speed and feeds the measured result back to the data collection system in real time;

[0021] S3: The data collection system determines whether it is a continuous wind;

[0022] S4: The data collection system determines whether the continuous wind speed is greater than 10 m / s;

[0023] S5: When the strong wind ends and the continuous wind speed is lower than 2 m / s, a signal is sent to the sand collecting box, and the sand discharging switch at the bottom of the sand collecting box is opened to input the collected sand grains into the weighing system;

[0024] S6: The weighing system weighs the mass of the sand grains and inputs the result to the data collection system for recording.

[0025] More preferably, in step S4, when the continuous wind speed is greater than 10 m / s, the wind speed information is recorded and the wind speed is continuously monitored.

[0026] Further preferably, in step S4, when the continuous wind speed is not greater than 10 m / s, there is no need to record, and the wind speed is continuously monitored.

[0027] Beneficial effects:

[0028] The sand flux monitoring system of the present invention includes a sand collection box, a wind speed monitoring system, a weighing system, and a data collection system. Among them, the sand collection box is the main structure for collecting sand. The wind speed monitoring system is used to monitor and collect wind speed data in real time. By setting up the wind speed monitoring system, it can be used to measure the wind speed and the amount of sand acting on a unit area in a certain wind direction. By placing the sand flux monitoring system at different heights, the sand fluxes at different heights can be obtained. The weighing system can weigh and measure the sand collected by the sand collection box under windless conditions. The data collection system can collect and record the data of the wind speed monitoring system and the weighing system, and at the same time can judge the wind speed data, and then control the sand falling switch on the sand collection box. The sand flux monitoring system and monitoring method provided by this technical solution can be used to evaluate the wind erosion ability of materials in the sandy desert environment, and can further guide the selection of materials in this environment. Description of the drawings

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a functional module diagram of the sand flux monitoring device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is an operation logic diagram of the sand flux monitoring device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sand collection box in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of the sand collection box in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the square-hole metal mesh in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the round-hole metal mesh in the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of the reference numerals:

[0037] 3-1: Exhaust hole; 3-2: Cuboid; 3-3: Cone; 3-4: Weighing system;

[0038] 4-1: Flow deflector; 4-2: Metal mesh; 4-3: Lower sand switch; 4-4: Weighing box; 4-5: Weighing sensor; 4-6: Fixing structure;

[0039] 5-1: Square-hole metal mesh; 5-2: Round-hole metal mesh. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0042] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, the present invention provides a sand flux monitoring system, which includes a sand collection box, a wind speed monitoring system, a data collection system and a weighing system 3-4. The wind speed monitoring system is used to measure the ambient wind speed, and the wind speed monitoring system is connected to the data collection system. The data collection system is connected to the sand collection box, the sand collection box is connected to the weighing system 3-4, and the weighing system 3-4 is connected to the data collection system.

[0045] The sand flux monitoring system of the present invention includes a sand collection box, a wind speed monitoring system, a weighing system 3-4, and a data collection system. The sand collection box is the main structure for collecting sand. The wind speed monitoring system is used to monitor and collect wind speed data in real time. By setting up the wind speed monitoring system, it can be used to measure the wind speed and the amount of sand acting on a unit area under a certain wind direction. By placing the sand flux monitoring system at different heights, the sand flux at different heights can be obtained. The weighing system 3-4 can weigh and measure the sand collected by the sand collection box under windless conditions. The data collection system can collect and record the data of the wind speed monitoring system and the weighing system 3-4, and at the same time can judge the wind speed data, and then control the sand falling switch 4-3 on the sand collection box. The sand flux monitoring system and monitoring method provided by this technical solution can be used to evaluate the wind erosion ability of materials in the sandy desert environment, and can further guide the selection of materials in this environment.

[0046] The wind speed monitoring system includes an anemometer.

[0047] The sand collection box includes a main body, and the main body includes a cuboid 3-2 and a cone 3-3 connected up and down. A sand and wind inlet is opened on one side of the cuboid 3-2, and a number of exhaust holes 3-1 are opened on the other three sides of the cuboid 3-2. A weighing system 3-4 is connected below the cone 3-3. Specifically, in this embodiment, the size of the sand and wind inlet can be made according to requirements. The height of the exhaust hole 3-1 is the same as the height of the sand and wind inlet. The diameter of the exhaust hole 3-1 should not be too large (generally less than the D10 size of the target sand grains to be collected). The number of exhaust holes 3-1 can be increased according to the environmental wind speed situation to achieve the purpose of sufficient exhaust. The design of the exhaust hole 3-1 can not only achieve the function of sand and wind separation, but also greatly reduce the probability of sand grains flying high and blocking the exhaust port.

[0048] The sand collection box further includes a baffle 4-1 and a metal mesh 4-2. The baffle 4-1 is arranged below the sand and wind inlet, and the metal mesh 4-2 is arranged below the baffle 4-1. The design of the baffle 4-1 can effectively reduce the loss of sand during the sand and wind separation process. The metal mesh 4-2 provides additional protection against loss. Specifically, using different sand collection boxes at different heights to complete the sand flux monitoring at each height can effectively eliminate the problem of mutual interference of sand grains collected at different heights. The main function of the metal mesh 4-2 is to reduce the sand grains that have fallen into the cone 3-3 structure from being blown up again. Therefore, the aperture of the metal mesh 4-2 can be adjusted according to the local sand particle size situation. Generally, it is recommended to use a 10-mesh (2mm) sieve mesh. Considering the sand particle size, the sieve mesh size should preferably not be higher than 20 meshes (0.85mm). In addition, considering the actual usability, a round-hole metal mesh 5-2 can be considered to replace the square-hole metal mesh 5-1.

[0049] The sand collection box further includes a sand discharging switch 4-3, which is installed on the cone 3-3. When the sand discharging switch 4-3 is opened, sand grains fall from the sand collection box into the weighing box 4-4.

[0050] The weighing system 3-4 includes a weighing box 4-4 and a weighing sensor. The weighing box 4-4 is connected to the cone 3-3. The weighing sensor is installed at the inner bottom end of the weighing box 4-4, and the weighing sensor 4-5 is connected to the data collection system.

[0051] The weighing system 3-4 further includes a fixing structure 4-6, which is installed on both sides of the weighing sensor and is used to fix the weighing sensor at the inner bottom end of the weighing box 4-4. The weighing system 3-4 can automatically weigh and record sand grains, and the sand taking operation process is also very simple.

[0052] The working process of the sand collection box is as Figure 4 shown. A flow guiding plate 4-1 is arranged below the sand and wind inlet. This device can guide the airflow direction and prevent sand grains from flying out. After the sand and wind enter from the inlet, the wind direction will diverge. Part of it will be discharged through the exhaust port, and the other part will form a reverse flow inside the box. The upward reverse flow wind carries a small part of the sand grains upward. After the sand grains decelerate and fall to the flow guiding plate after multiple contacts with the wall, they will finally enter the cone 3-3 structure along the flow guiding plate. The downward reverse flow wind will blow a large amount of sand grains into the cone 3-3 structure and leave them in the cone 3-3 structure. A small part of the sand grains will be blown up again by the wind, but this part of the sand grains will be intercepted by the flow guiding plate 4-1 and the metal mesh 4-2 and finally fall into the cone 3-3 structure again. Under continuous sand and wind, this process is repeated, so that the sand grains entering the sand collection box can be effectively stored in the sand collection box, thus completing the sand grain collection process. The collected sand grains are mainly retained at the cone 3-3 structure. After the external wind speed drops to meet the requirements (generally ≤2 m / s), the system controls the sand discharging switch 4-3 at the cone 3-3 structure below the sand collection box to open, pour the collected sand grains into the weighing box 4-4, and then close the sand discharging switch 4-3. The weighing sensor 4-5 weighs the sand grains falling into the weighing box 4-4 and transmits the weighing average value to the data collection system to complete data recording. To prevent the weighing sensor 4-5 from moving in the weighing system 3-4, resulting in sand grains being scattered outside the weighing box 4-4 during the transfer process, a fixing structure 4-6 is used to fix it at the bottom of the weighing system 3-4.

[0053] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the present invention also provides a monitoring method for a sand flux monitoring system, which includes the following steps:

[0054] S1: The sand collection box collects sand grains;

[0055] S2: The wind speed monitoring system measures the ambient wind speed and feeds the measurement results back to the data collection system in real time;

[0056] S3: The data collection system determines whether it is a continuous wind. Specifically, in this embodiment, the data collection system is used for data collection and recording, data judgment, and sending instructions. The data collection system needs to collect wind speed data and make judgments;

[0057] If it is determined to be a continuous wind, it is necessary to further determine whether the continuous wind speed is greater than 10 m / s;

[0058] If it is determined to be an intermittent wind, continue to monitor the wind speed;

[0059] S4: The data collection system determines whether the continuous wind speed is greater than 10 m / s;

[0060] When the continuous wind speed is greater than 10 m / s, record the wind speed information and continue to monitor the wind speed.

[0061] When the continuous wind speed is not greater than 10 m / s, there is no need to record, and continue to monitor the wind speed.

[0062] S5: When this strong wind ends and the continuous wind speed is lower than 2 m / s, transmit the signal to the sand collection box, open the sand discharging switch 4-3 at the bottom of the sand collection box, and input the collected sand grains into the weighing system 3-4;

[0063] S6: The weighing system 3-4 weighs the mass of the sand grains and inputs the result to the data collection system for recording.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] If the weighing frequency requirement is not high during use and the weighing can be completed after sampling, the weighing system 3-4 can be removed during use, and the sand discharging switch 4-3 can be replaced with a lid. After placing the sample bag during sand sampling, just open the lid.

[0066] Embodiment 3

[0067] In order to be able to collect sand and dust data in all wind directions at the same height, a wind direction measuring device can be introduced into the system, and the sand collection box and the weighing system 3-4 are fixed on the wind direction measuring device. Adjust the sand and dust inlet of the sand collection box so that it is always 180 degrees with the wind direction, which can ensure that the sand and dust inlet of the sand collection box is always aligned with the wind direction, and sand volume monitoring can be realized when recording wind direction and wind speed data.

[0068] Embodiment 4

[0069] Adding the function of real-time data transmission to the data collection system can upload the actual situation of the test site to the user side for viewing in real time.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand flux monitoring system, characterized in that, It includes a sand collecting box, a wind speed monitoring system, a data collection system and a weighing system; The wind speed monitoring system is used to measure the ambient wind speed, and the wind speed monitoring system is connected to the data collection system; The data collection system is connected to the sand collecting box, the sand collecting box is connected to the weighing system, and the weighing system is connected to the data collection system.

2. The sand flux monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind speed monitoring system includes an anemometer.

3. The sand flux monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand collecting box includes a main body, and the main body includes a cuboid and a cone connected up and down. A sand and wind inlet is provided on one side of the cuboid, and a number of exhaust holes are provided on the other three sides of the cuboid; A weighing system is connected below the cone.

4. The sand flux monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sand collecting box further includes a flow guide plate and a metal mesh. The flow guide plate is arranged below the sand and wind inlet, and the metal mesh is arranged below the flow guide plate.

5. The sand flux monitoring system according to claim 4, wherein The sand collecting box further includes a sand discharging switch, and the sand discharging switch is installed on the cone.

6. The sand flux monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein, The weighing system includes a weighing box and a weighing sensor; The weighing box is connected to the cone, the weighing sensor is installed at the inner bottom end of the weighing box, and the weighing sensor is connected to the data collection system.

7. The sand flux monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The weighing system further includes a fixing structure, and the fixing structure is installed on both sides of the weighing sensor for fixing the weighing sensor at the inner bottom end of the weighing box.

8. A monitoring method for the sand flux monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: The sand collecting box collects sand grains; S2: The wind speed monitoring system measures the ambient wind speed and feeds the measured result back to the data collection system in real time; S3: The data collection system determines whether it is a continuous wind; S4: The data collection system determines whether the continuous wind speed is greater than 10 m / s; S5: When the strong wind ends and the continuous wind speed is lower than 2 m / s, a signal is sent to the sand collecting box, and the sand discharging switch at the bottom of the sand collecting box is opened to input the collected sand grains into the weighing system; S6: The weighing system weighs the mass of the sand grains and inputs the result into the data collection system for recording.

9. The monitoring method of the sand flux monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that In step S4, when the continuous wind speed is greater than 10 m / s, the wind speed information is recorded and the wind speed is continuously monitored.

10. The monitoring method of the sand flux monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S4, when the continuous wind speed is not greater than 10 m / s, there is no need to record, and the wind speed is continuously monitored.

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