Anti-compression and anti-impact aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earth

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy cables, in particular to a lanthanum-cerium rare earth-containing compression-resistant and impact-resistant aluminum alloy cable, which sequentially comprises a cable core, an insulating layer, a sheath layer and a ductile layer from inside to outside, the cable core is composed of an aluminum alloy conductor, and the aluminum alloy conductor is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1.2%-1.3% of iron, 0.04%-0.06% of silicon, 0.02%-0.08% of copper, 0.02%-0.04% of boron, 0.02%-0.08% of manganese, 0.01%-0.03% of magnesium, 0.03%-0.05% of titanium, 0.03%-0.09% of zirconium, 0.06%-0.09% of chromium, 0.5%-0.7% of lanthanum, 0.6%-0.7% of cerium and the balance of aluminum; the tough layer is composed of tough components; rare earth elements are added into the aluminum alloy cable, conductivity and toughness are remarkably improved, the toughness layer is applied to the surface layer, impact stress is dispersed through the dual effects of mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding, and the compressive strength of the surface of the aluminum alloy cable is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy cables, and particularly to a compression-resistant and impact-resistant aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earths. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy cables make up for the deficiencies of previous pure aluminum cables. Although they do not improve the electrical conductivity of the cables, their bending performance, anti-creep performance, and corrosion resistance are greatly improved, ensuring the stable continuous performance of the cables under long-term overload and overheating.

[0003] During the laying and use of aluminum alloy cables, they will withstand external mechanical impacts (such as construction extrusion, vehicle rolling) and dynamic loads (such as wind vibration, seismic fluctuations). Unoptimized aluminum alloy materials are prone to cracks or fractures under severe impacts, resulting in a reduction in the cross-sectional area of the conductor, an increase in resistance, and even short-circuit accidents.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention decides to design a compression-resistant and impact-resistant aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earths. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a compression-resistant and impact-resistant aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earths.

[0006] A compression-resistant and impact-resistant aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earths includes, from the inside to the outside, a cable core, an insulating layer, a sheath layer, and a toughness layer in sequence;

[0007] The cable core is composed of an aluminum alloy conductor. The raw materials of the aluminum alloy conductor, by weight percentage, include: 1.2 - 1.3% of iron, 0.04 - 0.06% of silicon, 0.02 - 0.08% of copper, 0.02 - 0.04% of boron, 0.02 - 0.08% of manganese, 0.01 - 0.03% of magnesium, 0.03 - 0.05% of titanium, 0.03 - 0.09% of zirconium, 0.06 - 0.09% of chromium, 0.5 - 0.7% of lanthanum, 0.6 - 0.7% of cerium, and the balance of aluminum;

[0008] The insulating layer includes polyether ether ketone and a flame retardant in a mass ratio of 1:0.1 - 0.3;

[0009] The sheath layer, by weight percentage, includes: 55 - 65% of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 1 - 2% of a crosslinking agent, 0.5 - 1% of an antioxidant, 0.5 - 1% of a lubricant, and the balance of low-density polyethylene;

[0010] The toughness layer is composed of toughness components.

[0011] Further, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy conductor is as follows:

[0012] First, put aluminum ingots with a purity > 99.9% into a melting furnace for melting at a melting temperature of 770 - 820 °C until completely melted to obtain aluminum liquid. Then add the remaining raw materials to the aluminum liquid in proportion and continue melting, refining, and degassing. After uniform melting, a molten solution is obtained. Next, cast, roll, and draw the molten solution to obtain aluminum alloy single wires.

[0013] Immerse the aluminum alloy single wires in the conductive liquid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g : 25 - 35 ml. The components of the conductive liquid, by weight, include: 50 - 80 parts of sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 30 - 40 parts of sodium stannate, and 110 - 180 parts of water. The impregnation pressure is 4 - 6 MPa, and the impregnation time is 20 - 60 min.

[0014] Put the impregnated aluminum alloy single wires into an annealing furnace for heat treatment. After cooling to room temperature, twist and shape them to obtain aluminum alloy conductors.

[0015] Note: Immerse the aluminum alloy single wires containing rare earths in the conductive liquid. Under high pressure, sodium polystyrene sulfonate in the conductive liquid penetrates into the grain boundaries, and its sulfonic acid groups form an electron transition channel with rare earth oxides, increasing the conductivity and reducing the resistivity. The SnO2 nanolayer formed by the hydrolysis of sodium stannate covers the surface, inhibiting the current skin effect and reducing the resistance loss. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate and SnO2 form a gradient composite film: the outer layer of SnO2 isolates Cl- / SO4 2- erosion, and the inner layer of sodium polystyrene sulfonate dynamically captures H + / OH - to inhibit intergranular corrosion of the aluminum alloy.

[0016] Furthermore, the annealing temperature of the heat treatment is 320 - 340 °C, and the annealing time is 3 - 5 h.

[0017] Note: Annealing treatment eliminates the impregnation stress, makes the rare earth elements uniformly segregate at the grain boundaries, and improves the impact toughness.

[0018] Furthermore, the preparation method of the toughness component is as follows:

[0019] Immerse the vitrified microspheres in a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 1.5 - 2.5 mol / L at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g : 15 - 20 ml, stir at room temperature for 35 - 40 min, then wash the vitrified microspheres with water until neutral and dry them. Place the starch in a microwave-ultrasonic composite field for modification for 10 - 15 min, with a microwave power of 350 - 450 W and an ultrasonic power of 150 - 200 W to obtain modified starch. Then mix the vitrified microspheres and the modified starch in a mass ratio of 1 - 2 : 1 to obtain mixture A.

[0020] Mix basalt fiber, lanthanum oxide, and cerium oxide by ball milling at a mass ratio of 10 - 15:1:1 for 1.5 - 2 h at a rotation speed of 350 - 400 rpm to obtain mixture B. Then, mix mixture A, mixture B, and deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 - 2 g:1 g:0.1 ml for 30 - 40 min at a rotation speed of 300 - 350 rpm to obtain a toughening component.

[0021] Note: Hydrochloric acid treatment can remove silicate impurities on the surface of vitrified microspheres, form a micron-scale rough structure, increase the specific surface area, and introduce hydroxyl groups through ion exchange to enhance the hydrogen bond binding force with modified starch; microwave-ultrasonic composite field treatment destroys the crystalline region of starch, generates a porous amorphous structure, increases the exposure amount of surface hydroxyl groups, and significantly enhances the physical anchoring effect with vitrified microspheres and basalt fiber; after ball milling, lanthanum oxide is embedded on the surface of basalt fiber, and the crack propagation during fiber fracture is inhibited through the pinning effect, improving the impact toughness. Cerium oxide forms a nano-scale dispersed phase during the mixing process, and its oxygen vacancies can absorb impact energy and induce crack deflection, increasing the dynamic compression modulus; then, mixture A and mixture B form an "microsphere-fiber" interpenetrating network, which disperses impact stress through the dual actions of mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding, improving the compressive strength on the surface of the aluminum alloy cable; moreover, the composite phase of lanthanum oxide and cerium oxide inhibits the penetration of water molecules, resists wet heat aging, and can improve the compressive strength retention rate.

[0022] Further, the crosslinking agent is any one of triallyl isocyanurate, dicumyl peroxide, and diethylenetriamine.

[0023] Note: The above crosslinking agent can significantly shorten the vulcanization time of the blend of low-density polyethylene and ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, while improving the crosslinking density and heat resistance.

[0024] Further, the lubricant is polyethylene wax or zinc stearate.

[0025] Note: The above lubricant has excellent thermal stability, can improve the fluidity of the blend of low-density polyethylene and ethylene-propylene-diene monomer during internal mixing and calendering, reduce the friction coefficient, and reduce energy consumption.

[0026] Further, the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010.

[0027] Note: Antioxidant 1010 delays the thermal oxidative degradation of low-density polyethylene and ethylene-propylene-diene monomer by capturing free radicals, has little volatilization loss during high-temperature processing, and has excellent long-term stability.

[0028] Further, the flame retardant is melamine or brominated polystyrene.

[0029] Note: The above flame retardant has the excellent properties of high-efficiency flame retardancy, low smoke, and low toxicity.

[0030] Further, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy cable includes the following steps:

[0031] S1. Knead, stir, defoam the raw materials of the insulating layer, and extrude and coat them on the outer surface of the aluminum alloy conductor to form an insulating layer;

[0032] S2. Knead, stir, defoam the raw materials of the sheath layer, and extrude and coat them on the outer surface of the insulating layer to form a sheath layer;

[0033] S3. Etch the surface of the sheath layer with a laser to obtain a microgroove structure. The depth of the microgroove is 0.1 - 0.2 mm, the laser wavelength is 1064 nm, the power is 35 - 45 W, the scanning speed is 550 - 650 mm / s, and the diameter of the focused light spot is 60 - 80 μm. Then place the sheath layer in a vacuum environment, inject a toughening component into the microgroove structure. After the injection is completed, press it at 0.4 - 0.5 MPa for 5 - 10 min, and then cure it at 85 - 95 °C to form a toughening layer, thus obtaining the aluminum alloy cable.

[0034] Note: The microgroove structure can increase the contact area between the sheath layer and the toughening component, form a mechanical interlocking structure, and improve the shear strength. In a vacuum environment, the toughening component can completely fill the microgroove pores to avoid air bubble residues. When pressing, the nanoparticles in the toughening component are arranged in a direction, forming a stress transfer network, and the dynamic compressive strength is improved. Lanthanum oxide nanoparticles hinder the propagation of microcracks through the pinning effect, and the impact toughness is improved; at the same time, basalt fibers and the sheath layer matrix are crosslinked through ether bonds to form a three-dimensional support structure, and the bending fatigue life is improved; finally, curing enables the modified starch in the toughening component to crosslink with the ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber in the sheath layer to form a gradient transition layer, so that the corrosion resistance of the outer sheath and the creep resistance of the inner toughening component are synergistically enhanced.

[0035] Compared with the existing aluminum alloy cables, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] (1) In the present invention, rare earth lanthanum and rare earth cerium are added to the aluminum alloy conductor, which improves the anti-corrosion function, conductive bending performance, and anti-creep index of the aluminum alloy cable, improves the safety of the conductor operation, and impregnates the aluminum alloy single wire containing rare earths in the conductive liquid. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate in the conductive liquid penetrates into the grain boundaries under high pressure, and its sulfonic acid groups form an electron transition channel with rare earth oxides, so that the conductivity is improved and the resistivity is reduced. The SnO2 nanolayer generated by the hydrolysis of sodium stannate covers the surface, inhibits the skin effect of the current, and reduces the resistance loss; sodium polystyrene sulfonate and SnO2 form a gradient composite film: the outer layer of SnO2 isolates Cl - / SO4 2- erosion, and the inner layer of sodium polystyrene sulfonate dynamically captures H + / OH - through sulfonic acid groups to inhibit the intergranular corrosion of aluminum alloy.

[0037] (2) The present invention provides a microgroove structure on the surface of the sheath layer, and then a toughness layer is provided on the surface of the microgroove structure. The microgroove structure can increase the contact area between the sheath layer and the toughness component, forming a mechanical interlocking structure, thereby enhancing the shear strength. In a vacuum environment, the toughness component can completely fill the microgroove pores to avoid bubble residues. When pressed again, the nanoparticles in the toughness component are arranged in a direction, forming a stress transfer network, and the dynamic compressive strength is improved. The lanthanum oxide nanoparticles hinder the propagation of microcracks through the pinning effect, improving the impact toughness; at the same time, the basalt fiber and the sheath layer matrix are crosslinked through ether bonds to form a three-dimensional support structure, improving the flexural fatigue life; finally, curing causes the modified starch in the toughness component to crosslink with the ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber in the sheath layer to form a gradient transition layer, thereby synergistically enhancing the corrosion resistance of the outer sheath and the creep resistance of the inner toughness component. Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 It is a comparison diagram of the results of Exploration 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a comparison diagram of the results of Exploration 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a comparison diagram of the results of Exploration 3 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a comparison diagram of the results of Exploration 4 of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0042] To further elaborate on the methods and effects achieved by the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with experiments.

[0043] Example 1: A compressive and impact-resistant aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earths, which sequentially includes a cable core, an insulating layer, a sheath layer, and a toughness layer from inside to outside;

[0044] The cable core is composed of an aluminum alloy conductor. The raw materials of the aluminum alloy conductor are calculated by weight percentage, including: 1.25% of iron, 0.05% of silicon, 0.05% of copper, 0.03% of boron, 0.05% of manganese, 0.02% of magnesium, 0.03 - 0.05% of titanium, 0.06% of zirconium, 0.07% of chromium, 0.6% of lanthanum, 0.65% of cerium, and the balance of aluminum;

[0045] The preparation method of the aluminum alloy conductor is:

[0046] First, put aluminum ingots with a purity of 99.95% into a melting furnace and melt them at a melting temperature of 800°C until they are completely melted to obtain aluminum liquid. Then, add the remaining raw materials to the aluminum liquid in proportion and continue melting, refining, and degassing. After uniform melting, a molten solution is obtained. Next, cast, roll, and draw the molten solution to obtain an aluminum alloy single wire with a diameter of 0.3 mm.

[0047] Immerse the aluminum alloy single wire in the conductive liquid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 30 ml. The components of the conductive liquid, by weight, include: 65 parts of sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 35 parts of sodium stannate, and 145 parts of water. The impregnation pressure is 5 MPa, and the impregnation time is 40 min.

[0048] Put the impregnated aluminum alloy single wire into an annealing furnace for heat treatment. After cooling to room temperature of 25°C, it is stranded and shaped to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor. The annealing temperature for heat treatment is 330°C, and the annealing time is 4 h.

[0049] The insulating layer includes polyether ether ketone and a flame retardant with a mass ratio of 1: 0.2. The flame retardant is melamine.

[0050] The sheath layer, by weight percentage, includes: 60% ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 1.5% crosslinking agent, 0.8% antioxidant, 0.8% lubricant, and the balance of low-density polyethylene. The crosslinking agent is triallyl isocyanurate, the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010, and the lubricant is polyethylene wax.

[0051] The toughening layer is composed of toughening components. The preparation method of the toughening components is as follows:

[0052] Immerse the vitrified microspheres in a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 2 mol / L at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 17.5 ml, stir at room temperature for 38 min, then wash the vitrified microspheres with clear water until neutral and dry them. Place the starch in a microwave-ultrasonic composite field for modification treatment for 12.5 min, with a microwave power of 400 W and an ultrasonic power of 175 W, to obtain modified starch. Then, mix the vitrified microspheres and the modified starch according to a mass ratio of 1.5: 1 to obtain mixture A.

[0053] Ball-mill and mix basalt fiber, lanthanum oxide, and cerium oxide according to a mass ratio of 12.5: 1: 1 for 1.8 h at a rotation speed of 375 rpm to obtain mixture B. Then, mix mixture A, mixture B, and deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1.5 g: 1 g: 0.1 ml for 35 min at a rotation speed of 325 rpm to obtain the toughening components.

[0054] The preparation method of the above aluminum alloy cable includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Mix the raw materials of the insulating layer at 360° C. for 40 min, stir at 450 rpm during mixing, evacuate to a vacuum degree of 500 mmHg to remove bubbles, extrude and coat the outer surface of the aluminum alloy conductor to form an insulating layer;

[0056] S2, kneading the raw materials of the sheath layer at 190° C. for 60 min, stirring at 450 rpm during kneading, and evacuating to a vacuum degree of 400 mmHg to remove bubbles, extruding and coating the outer surface of the insulating layer to form a sheath layer;

[0057] S3. Use laser to etch a microgroove structure on the surface of the sheath layer. The microgroove depth is 0.15mm, the laser wavelength is 1064nm, the power is 40W, the scanning speed is 600mm / s, and the focused spot diameter is 70μm. Then place the sheath layer in a vacuum environment and inject the toughness component into the microgroove structure. After the injection is completed, press at 0.45MPa for 8min, and then solidify at 90°C to form a toughness layer to obtain an aluminum alloy cable.

[0058] Embodiment 2: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that the raw materials of the aluminum alloy conductor include, by weight percentage, 1.2% iron, 0.04% silicon, 0.02% copper, 0.02% boron, 0.02% manganese, 0.01% magnesium, 0.03% titanium, 0.03% zirconium, 0.06% chromium, 0.7% lanthanum, 0.7% cerium and the remainder aluminum.

[0059] Embodiment 3: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that the raw materials of the aluminum alloy conductor include, by weight percentage, 1.3% iron, 0.06% silicon, 0.08% copper, 0.04% boron, 0.08% manganese, 0.03% magnesium, 0.05% titanium, 0.09% zirconium, 0.09% chromium, 0.5% lanthanum, 0.6% cerium and the remainder aluminum.

[0060] Example 4: This example is different from Example 1 in that the aluminum alloy monofilament is immersed in the conductive liquid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:35 ml, the immersion pressure is 4 MPa, and the immersion time is 20 min.

[0061] Example 5: This example is different from Example 1 in that the aluminum alloy monofilament is immersed in the conductive liquid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:25 ml, the immersion pressure is 6 MPa, and the immersion time is 60 min.

[0062] Example 6: This example is different from Example 1 in that the components of the conductive liquid, measured by weight, include: 50 parts of sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 40 parts of sodium stannate and 110 parts of water.

[0063] Example 7: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the components of the conductive liquid, by weight, include: 80 parts of sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 30 parts of sodium stannate, and 180 parts of water.

[0064] Example 8: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the annealing temperature is 320 °C and the annealing time is 3 h.

[0065] Example 9: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the annealing temperature is 340 °C and the annealing time is 5 h.

[0066] Example 10: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the insulating layer includes polyetheretherketone and brominated polystyrene with a mass ratio of 1:0.1.

[0067] Example 11: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the insulating layer includes polyetheretherketone and melamine with a mass ratio of 1:0.3.

[0068] Example 12: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the sheath layer, by weight percentage, includes: 55% ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 1% dicumyl peroxide, 0.5% antioxidant 1010, 0.5% zinc stearate, and the balance of low-density polyethylene.

[0069] Example 13: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the sheath layer, by weight percentage, includes: 65% ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 2% diethylenetriamine, 1% antioxidant 1010, 1% polyethylene wax, and the balance of low-density polyethylene.

[0070] Example 14: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the vitrified microspheres are impregnated in a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 1.5 mol / L at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:20 ml and stirred at room temperature for 35 min.

[0071] Example 15: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the vitrified microspheres are impregnated in a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 2.5 mol / L at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:15 ml and stirred at room temperature for 40 min.

[0072] Example 16: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the starch is subjected to modification treatment for 10 min in a microwave-ultrasonic composite field with a microwave power of 350 W and an ultrasonic power of 200 W to obtain modified starch.

[0073] Example 17: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the starch is subjected to modification treatment for 15 min in a microwave-ultrasonic composite field with a microwave power of 450 W and an ultrasonic power of 150 W to obtain modified starch.

[0074] Example 18: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that vitrified microspheres and modified starch are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain mixture A.

[0075] Example 19: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that vitrified microspheres and modified starch are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain mixture A.

[0076] Example 20: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that basalt fiber, lanthanum oxide, and cerium oxide are ball-milled and mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1:1 for 1.5 h at a rotation speed of 350 rpm to obtain mixture B.

[0077] Example 21: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that basalt fiber, lanthanum oxide, and cerium oxide are ball-milled and mixed at a mass ratio of 15:1:1 for 2 h at a rotation speed of 400 rpm to obtain mixture B.

[0078] Example 22: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that mixture A, mixture B, and deionized water are mixed at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:1 g:0.1 ml for 30 min at a rotation speed of 300 rpm.

[0079] Example 23: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that mixture A, mixture B, and deionized water are mixed at a solid-liquid ratio of 2 g:1 g:0.1 ml for 40 min at a rotation speed of 350 rpm.

[0080] Example 24: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the microgroove depth is 0.1 mm, the laser wavelength is 1064 nm, the power is 35 W, the scanning speed is 550 mm / s, and the focused spot diameter is 60 μm.

[0081] Example 25: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the microgroove depth is 0.2 mm, the laser wavelength is 1064 nm, the power is 45 W, the scanning speed is 650 mm / s, and the focused spot diameter is 80 μm.

[0082] Example 26: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that after injection, it is pressed at 0.4 MPa for 5 min and then cured at 85 °C.

[0083] Example 27: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that after injection, it is pressed at 0.5 MPa for 10 min and then cured at 95 °C.

[0084] Experimental example: The description basis of this experimental example is the recording scheme in Example 1, aiming to clarify the actual application effect of the present invention.

[0085] The aluminum alloy cables obtained from each embodiment were tested for electrical conductivity and compressive strength. The average value of the test results for each embodiment taken three times was used as the final test result, and the following was explored:

[0086] 1. Explore the influence of the composition and preparation method of the aluminum alloy conductor on the electrical conductivity of the aluminum alloy cable.

[0087] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the aluminum alloy single wires are not impregnated with the conductive liquid;

[0088] From Figure 1 By comparing the results, it can be seen that compared with Examples 1 to 9, Comparative Example 1 lacks the impregnation treatment of the conductive liquid, so the resistivity of the aluminum oxide film naturally formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy single wires is higher, resulting in an increase in the contact resistance and thus a significant decrease in the electrical conductivity;

[0089] By comparing Examples 1 to 9, it can be seen that too small or too large a proportion of rare earth in the aluminum alloy conductor, too small or too large impregnation parameters of the aluminum alloy single wires, and too small or too large a proportion of sodium stannate in the conductive liquid will all reduce the electrical conductivity of the aluminum alloy cable. Therefore, comprehensively comparing, the parameter effect of Example 1 is relatively better.

[0090] 2. Explore the influence of the composition of the insulating layer and sheath layer of the aluminum alloy cable on the compressive strength of the aluminum alloy cable.

[0091] From Figure 2 By comparing the results, it can be seen that in Examples 1, 10 to 13, too small or too large a proportion of polyether ether ketone in the insulation, too small or too large a proportion of low-density polyethylene in the sheath layer, and too low heat treatment parameters will all reduce the compressive strength of the aluminum alloy cable. In Example 9, the annealing temperature is higher and the time is longer, and its compressive strength is slightly improved compared with Example 1, but the improvement amplitude is less than the parameter increase amplitude. Therefore, from the economic perspective, the parameter effect of Example 1 is relatively better.

[0092] 3. Explore the influence of the composition and preparation method of the toughening layer on the compressive strength of the aluminum alloy cable.

[0093] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the vitrified microspheres are not activated with hydrochloric acid;

[0094] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that lanthanum oxide and cerium oxide are not added;

[0095] From Figure 3From the result comparison, it can be seen that Comparative Example 2 lacks the hydrochloric acid activation of vitrified microspheres compared with Example 1 and Examples 14-19, reducing the specific surface area of vitrified microspheres and thus reducing the contact points between vitrified microspheres and modified starch. Comparative Example 3 lacks rare earth elements, and the nano-pinning effect of lanthanum / cerium oxide is missing, resulting in an increased crack propagation rate. Therefore, both Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 significantly reduce the compressive strength of the aluminum alloy cable.

[0096] Comparing Examples 1, 14-23, it can be seen that too small or too large impregnation parameters of vitrified microspheres, too small or too large starch modification parameters, too small or too large proportion of vitrified microspheres in Mixture A, too small or too large preparation parameters of Mixture B, and too small or too large proportion of Mixture B will all reduce the compressive strength of the aluminum alloy cable. Therefore, comprehensively comparing, the parameter effect of Example 1 is relatively better.

[0097] 4. Explore the influence of the preparation method of the aluminum alloy cable on the compressive strength of the aluminum alloy cable.

[0098] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that the surface of the sheath layer is not etched, but the toughening component is directly coated on the surface of the sheath layer.

[0099] From Figure 4 From the result comparison, it can be seen that Comparative Example 4 lacks the etching of the surface of the sheath layer compared with Example 1 and Examples 24-27, reducing the contact and bonding strength between the toughening layer and the sheath layer, thus significantly reducing the compressive strength of the aluminum alloy cable.

[0100] Comparing Examples 1, 24-27, it can be seen that too small or too large laser parameters and too small or too large pressing and curing parameters will all reduce the compressive strength of the aluminum alloy cable. Therefore, comprehensively comparing, the parameter effect of Example 1 is relatively better.

[0101] In summary, the conductivity of the aluminum alloy cable designed by the present invention reaches more than 64.5%, and the compressive strength reaches more than 250 MPa.

Claims

1. An anti-compression and anti-impact aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earths, characterized in that, From inside to outside, it includes cable core, insulation layer, sheath layer and toughness layer; The cable core is composed of an aluminum alloy conductor, and the raw materials of the aluminum alloy conductor include, by weight percentage: 1.2-1.3% iron, 0.04-0.06% silicon, 0.02-0.08% copper, 0.02-0.04% boron, 0.02-0.08% manganese, 0.01-0.03% magnesium, 0.03-0.05% titanium, 0.03-0.09% zirconium, 0.06-0.09% chromium, 0.5-0.7% lanthanum, 0.6-0.7% cerium and the balance of aluminum; The insulating layer includes polyetheretherketone and flame retardant in a mass ratio of 1:0.1-0.3; The sheath layer comprises, by weight percentage, 55-65% EPDM rubber, 1-2% cross-linking agent, 0.5-1% antioxidant, 0.5-1% lubricant and the balance low-density polyethylene; The tough layer consists of a tough component.

2. The compression and impact resistant aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earth as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The preparation method of the aluminum alloy conductor is as follows: First, an aluminum ingot with a purity of more than 99.9% is placed in a smelting furnace for melting until the aluminum liquid is completely melted, and the remaining raw materials are added to the aluminum liquid in proportion to continue melting, refining, and degassing. After the aluminum liquid is evenly melted, a molten liquid is obtained; the molten liquid is then cast, rolled, and drawn to obtain an aluminum alloy monofilament; The aluminum alloy monofilament is immersed in a conductive liquid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:25-35ml, wherein the components of the conductive liquid include, by weight, 50-80 parts of sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 30-40 parts of sodium stannate, and 110-180 parts of water, the immersion pressure is 4-6MPa, and the immersion time is 20-60min; The aluminum alloy monofilaments after impregnation are placed in an annealing furnace for heat treatment, and are twisted into shape after being cooled to room temperature to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor.

3. The compression-resistant and impact-resistant aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earth according to claim 2, characterized in that, The annealing temperature of the heat treatment is 320-340° C., and the annealing time is 3-5 hours.

4. The compressive and impact-resistant aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earth as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the toughness component is: The vitrified microspheres are immersed in a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 1.5 to 2.5 mol / L at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 15 to 20 ml, stirred at room temperature for 35 to 40 minutes, and then washed with clean water until the vitrified microspheres are neutral and then dried; the starch is placed in a microwave-ultrasonic composite field for modification for 10 to 15 minutes, with a microwave power of 350 to 450 W and an ultrasonic power of 150 to 200 W to obtain modified starch; and the vitrified microspheres and the modified starch are mixed at a mass ratio of 1 to 2:1 to obtain a mixture A; Basalt fiber, lanthanum oxide and cerium oxide were ball-milled and mixed at a mass ratio of 10-15:1:1 for 1.5-2 hours at a rotation speed of 350-400 rpm to obtain mixture B. Mixture A, mixture B and deionized water were then mixed at a solid-liquid ratio of 1-2g:1g:0.1ml for 30-40 minutes at a rotation speed of 300-350 rpm to obtain a toughness component.

5. The compressive and impact-resistant aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earth as described in claim 1, wherein The cross-linking agent is any one of triallyl isocyanurate, dicumyl peroxide and diethylenetriamine.

6. The compressive and impact-resistant aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earth as described in claim 1, wherein, The lubricant is polyethylene wax or zinc stearate.

7. The compressive and impact-resistant aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earth as described in claim 1, wherein The antioxidant is antioxidant 1010.

8. The compressive and impact-resistant aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earth as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The flame retardant is melamine or brominated polystyrene.

9. The compressive and impact-resistant aluminum alloy cable containing lanthanum-cerium rare earth as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the aluminum alloy cable comprises the following steps: S1. Knead, stir, defoam the raw materials of the insulating layer, extrude and coat the outer surface of the aluminum alloy conductor to form the insulating layer; S2. Knead, stir, defoam the raw materials of the sheath layer, extrude and coat the outer surface of the insulating layer to form the sheath layer; S3. Etch the surface of the sheath layer with a laser to obtain a microgroove structure, the depth of the microgroove is 0.1-0.2 mm, the laser wavelength is 1064 nm, the power is 35-45 W, the scanning speed is 550-650 mm / s, the diameter of the focused light spot is 60-80 μm, then place the sheath layer in a vacuum environment, inject a toughness component into the microgroove structure, press at 0.4-0.5 MPa for 5-10 min after injection, and then cure at 85-95 °C to form a toughness layer, thus obtaining the aluminum alloy cable.

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