Memory alloy dynamic cable suitable for shallow water floating fan

Abstract

The invention discloses a memory alloy dynamic cable suitable for a shallow water floating fan, which comprises a body, one end of the body is fixedly connected with a floating fan platform (8) arranged in a shallow water area, the body floats in the shallow water in a plurality of wave shapes, the outer layer of the body comprises an armor layer (1) and an outer sheath layer (2), and the armor layer (1) is fixedly connected with the outer sheath layer (2). A memory alloy layer (3) mainly made of memory alloy is arranged between the armor layer (1) and the outer sheath layer (2), and the memory alloy layer (3) is used for enabling the body to recover a wavy laying state. The invention provides a memory alloy dynamic cable suitable for a shallow water floating fan. The memory alloy dynamic cable suitable for the shallow water floating fan is suitable for building the floating fan in a shallow water area and a middle area between the shallow water and deep water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of dynamic cables, and more specifically to a shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to shallow water floating wind turbines. Background Art

[0002] With the strong promotion of new energy by the country, offshore wind power has developed vigorously. Fixed wind turbines are usually installed in the shallow water areas along the coast. However, as time goes by, the resources in the coastal waters will be fully utilized, and the use of sea area resources will reach saturation. At this time, it is necessary to turn to deeper waters. However, the deeper the sea area, the more cost will be consumed for building fixed wind turbines. Therefore, for the deep and far sea areas, floating wind turbines are more likely to be used for power generation, saving a large amount of steel. Of course, when building floating wind turbines in the deep and far sea areas, a large amount of resources are also required. For example, to prevent the floating wind turbines from deviating from the designated area, an anchor chain system is used to restrict the floating wind turbines.

[0003] When using floating wind turbines for power generation, the dynamic cable between floating wind turbines or the dynamic cable between the floating wind turbine and the cable output end needs to reserve a length margin for the offset of the floating wind turbine. In deep water areas, the length margin generally adopts a single waveform design, that is, there is only one wave crest and one wave trough on the dynamic cable. This structure enables the dynamic cable to only require a section of area where the buoyancy is greater than the gravity, and the structure is relatively simple. Moreover, the adjustable range of the amplitude between its wave crest and wave trough is relatively large, and there is no need to worry about the interference problem between the waveform structure of the dynamic cable and the seabed during the offset process of the floating wind turbine. However, in the intermediate area between the shallow water area and the deep water area, it is difficult to choose the way of building wind turbines. If fixed wind turbines are built, the cost is relatively high. If floating wind turbines are built, the adjustable range of the amplitude of its waveform is relatively small, and only a single waveform design is adopted. The wave trough is easy to interfere with the seabed. If a multiple waveform design is adopted, the structure of the dynamic cable requires multiple areas where the buoyancy is greater than the gravity. In a complex marine environment, the dynamic cable cannot construct a stable configuration, and the redundant cables will twist randomly, easily causing damage to the dynamic cable and affecting the service life of the dynamic cable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to shallow water floating wind turbines, which is applicable to the construction of floating wind turbines in shallow water areas and the intermediate area between shallow water and deep water.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to shallow water floating wind turbines, including a body. One end of the body is fixedly connected to a floating wind turbine platform arranged in a shallow water area. The body floats in the shallow water in multiple waveforms. The outer layer of the body includes an armor layer and an outer sheath layer. A shape memory alloy layer mainly made of shape memory alloy is arranged between the armor layer and the outer sheath layer. The shape memory alloy layer is used to enable the body to restore the wavy laying state.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: First, a shape memory alloy layer structure is added, which is a metal structure, enhancing the stiffness of the body and reducing the probability of the dynamic cable twisting. Second, the laying shape of the body is adjusted by the shape memory alloy layer. Through the recovery effect of the shape memory alloy layer, the body in a state of excessive stretching or excessive contraction is restored. Thus, when the body is in a state of excessive stretching, it is restored to the normal state, avoiding the hidden danger of the body breaking, thereby improving the environmental adaptability of the body. When the body is in a state of excessive contraction and is restored to the normal state, the twisting phenomenon caused by excessive contraction and the phenomenon that the trough of the body waveform touches the bottom can be avoided, so as to ensure the use safety and stability of the body.

[0007] As an improvement of the present invention, a plurality of heating wires are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the shape memory alloy layer. Through this improvement, the temperature of the shape memory alloy layer is controlled, thereby activating the recovery ability of the shape memory alloy layer to perform recovery when the body is excessively stretched or excessively contracted.

[0008] As an improvement of the present invention, the plurality of heating wires are helically wound around the shape memory alloy layer at an angle of 30° - 60° in the circumferential direction. Through this improvement, the winding pitch of the heating wires is within a moderate range. If the pitch is too small, although the number of heating wires decreases, the adjustable range of the distance between the heating wires becomes smaller, easily causing uneven heating temperature of the shape memory alloy layer by the heating wires. If the pitch is too large, in order to ensure the uniform heating of the shape memory alloy layer, it is easy to cause too many heating wires, increasing the equipment requirements for the winding process of the heating wires.

[0009] As an improvement of the present invention, the distance between two adjacent heating wires is L, and the thickness of the shape memory alloy layer is D. D ≤ L ≤ 2D. Through this improvement, the uniformity of heating the shape memory alloy layer by the heating wires is controlled, ensuring that the temperature of the inner layer of the shape memory alloy layer is close to the temperature in the middle region between two adjacent heating wires, thereby ensuring the unity of controlling the temperature of the shape memory alloy layer and facilitating maximizing the activation of the recovery effect of the shape memory alloy layer.

[0010] As an improvement of the present invention, a heating spiral groove for installing the winding track of the heating wires is processed on the outer layer of the shape memory alloy layer by a spiral rolling machine. Through this improvement, it is used to ensure the stability of the heating wires wound on the outer layer of the shape memory alloy layer and prevent the heating wires from shifting relatively.

[0011] As an improvement of the present invention, the width of the heating spiral groove is equal to the wire diameter of the heating wire. The wire diameter of the heating wire is d, and the depth of the heating spiral groove is h. d ≤ h ≤ d. Through the above improvement, the embedding thickness of the heating wire in the heating spiral groove is ensured, which not only guarantees the stability of the heating wire wound around the outer layer of the shape memory alloy layer, but also ensures the sufficiency of the shape memory alloy layer to dissipate the heat of the heating wire. At the same time, it also avoids the situation that the groove depth of the heating spiral groove is too deep and the heating wire moves in the heating spiral groove. When forming the outer sheath layer, the extrusion of the outer sheath layer on the heating wire can ensure the full fit between the heating wire and the heating spiral groove.

[0012] As an improvement of the present invention, the outer layer of the heating wire is wrapped with a heat-insulating and water-blocking tape having heat-insulating and water-blocking effects. Through the above improvement, through the design of the heat-insulating and water-blocking tape, the diffusion of the heat of the heating wire towards the insulating layer can be reduced, and the heating efficiency and heating stability of the heating wire to the shape memory alloy layer can be better guaranteed. The water-blocking effect is because the body is used in a seawater environment, and the water-blocking effect of the water-blocking tape is to reduce the corrosiveness to the heat-insulating and water-blocking tape and ensure the heat-insulating effect during long-term use.

[0013] As an improvement of the present invention, the distance between adjacent two heat-insulating and water-blocking tapes is not less than the width of the heat-insulating and water-blocking tape. Through the above improvement, during the use of the dynamic cable, heat will be generated. Therefore, the heat-insulating and water-blocking tape should not wrap the shape memory alloy layer in all directions, and a heat dissipation space is required to avoid the internal temperature of the dynamic cable being too high and affecting the transmission effectiveness of electrical signals and optical signals.

[0014] As an improvement of the present invention, a plurality of wave crest segments are provided on the body, and a buoyancy block is fixedly connected to each wave crest segment. A honeycomb structure layer composed of a hexagonal honeycomb structure is provided between the shape memory alloy layer and the armor layer. Through the above improvement, in terms of buoyancy, the design of the buoyancy block is to ensure that the dynamic cable forms a plurality of wave crest segments, and the design of the honeycomb structure layer is to increase the overall buoyancy of the dynamic cable, but not completely offset the gravity of the dynamic cable. On the one hand, it can reduce the buoyancy requirement for the buoyancy block, and on the other hand, it can make the dynamic cable have better flexibility; in terms of structural stability, when the shape memory alloy layer recovers by heating, the rigidity of the dynamic cable increases. At this time, the honeycomb structure layer can provide a shock-absorbing, buffering and compressive effect for the shape memory alloy layer to avoid damage to the shape memory alloy layer in a harsh marine environment; at the same time, the hexagonal honeycomb structure can also better adapt to the reciprocating stretching, contraction and lateral deviation changes of the dynamic cable in a harsh marine environment, and maintain the adaptive change of the structure through the deformation of the hexagon, effectively improving the service life of the dynamic cable.

[0015] As an improvement of the present invention, the armor layer is wound with super duplex stainless steel wire S32750. Through the above improvement, the high strength, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance of the armor layer are provided, thereby ensuring the use quality of the dynamic cable. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the laying state of the dynamic cable of the present invention under normal conditions.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the stretching laying state of the dynamic cable of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the contraction laying state of the dynamic cable of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a sectional slice diagram of the dynamic cable in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic sectional structure diagram of the dynamic cable in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the heating wire wound on the surface of the shape memory alloy layer of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the heat insulation and water blocking tape wound on the surface of the shape memory alloy layer of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 It is an enlarged sectional structure diagram of the connection between the heating wire and the shape memory alloy layer of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the honeycomb structure layer under normal conditions of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 It is a schematic stretching structure diagram of the honeycomb structure layer of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 It is a schematic contraction structure diagram of the honeycomb structure layer of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 12 It is a thermal imaging diagram when the heating wire in the second embodiment of the present invention is heated for 1 second.

[0028] As shown in the figure: 1. Armor layer, 2. Outer sheath layer, 3. Shape memory alloy layer, 3.1. Heating spiral groove, 4. Heating wire, 5. Heat insulation and water blocking tape, 6. Buoyancy block, 7. Honeycomb structure layer, 8. Floating wind turbine platform, 9. Dynamic cable. Specific embodiments

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Embodiment 1: Such as Figures 1-4As shown in the figure, a shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to a shallow water floating wind turbine includes a main body. One end of the main body is fixedly connected to a floating wind turbine platform 8 provided in the shallow water area. The main body floats in the shallow water in multiple waveforms. The main body is provided with multiple wave crest segments, and a buoyancy block 6 is fixedly connected to each wave crest segment. The outer layer of the main body includes an armor layer 1 and an outer sheath layer 2. The armor layer 1 is wound with super duplex stainless steel wire S32750. A shape memory alloy layer 3 mainly made of shape memory alloy is provided between the armor layer 1 and the outer sheath layer 2. The shape memory alloy layer 3 is used to restore the main body to a wavy laying state. The shape memory alloy layer 3 adopts a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy (Ni-Ti SMA). This shape memory alloy is in a martensite state in the temperature range of 20-50°C, in a mixed phase in the temperature range of 50-80°C, and in an austenite phase in the temperature range above 80°C. During the use of the dynamic cable 9, although the temperature of the dynamic cable 9 will increase due to the transmission of electrical signals, because the environment where the dynamic cable 9 is located is in seawater and has good heat dissipation performance, the operating temperature range of the dynamic cable 9 is also 20-50°C, which happens to be in the martensite state. At this time, the shape memory metal layer shows the normal metallic property and only provides the function of enhancing the mechanical strength of the dynamic cable 9, and the freedom of movement of the dynamic cable 9 is basically not affected. When the dynamic cable 9 undergoes large-scale stretching or contraction in a harsh marine environment, the temperature of the shape memory alloy layer 3 needs to be controlled between 50-90°C, so as to utilize the restoring force of the shape memory alloy layer 3 to enhance the stiffness of the dynamic cable 9 and avoid the situation that the dynamic cable 9 breaks due to high-strength stretching or twists due to irregular contraction, so as to ensure the safety and stability of the dynamic cable during use. Among them, controlling the temperature between 50-80°C can adjust the stiffness of the dynamic cable 9 by controlling the temperature of the shape memory alloy layer 3. Between 80-90°C, the shape memory alloy has reached the maximum stiffness, and above 90°C, it is easy to cause the aging of some plastic material layers on the dynamic cable 9, such as the outer sheath layer 2.

[0031] Embodiment 2: As Figure 5 , Figures 9-11As shown in the figure, on the basis of the first embodiment, a honeycomb structure layer 7 composed of a hexagonal honeycomb structure is provided between the shape memory alloy layer 3 and the armored layer 1. The honeycomb structure layer 7 is made of polypropylene (PP). By utilizing the characteristics of the force change of the hexagonal honeycomb structure, the honeycomb structure layer 7 has high adaptability during the stretching, contraction, or offset of the dynamic cable 9. Especially at the bending part of the dynamic cable 9, the outer side of the bend is in a tensile state, and the inner side is in a contraction state. With the design of the honeycomb structure layer 7, it can not only provide shock absorption, buffering, and compressive resistance effects for the shape memory alloy layer 3, but also provide sufficient bending adaptability and buffering effects for the dynamic cable 9 at the bending part. During the reciprocating stretching and contraction process of the dynamic cable 9, a good service life can be ensured. Especially in the multi-wave structure, compared with the single-wave structure, the amplitude of the reciprocating bend is larger.

[0032] Through the design of the shape memory alloy layer 3 and the honeycomb structure layer 7, the problems of using waveform margin design and being prone to torsional buckling in the floating wind turbine platform 8 in shallow water areas and the intermediate area between shallow and deep waters are solved, and the service life problem of the dynamic cable 9 in the case of multi-wave design is also solved.

[0033] As Figures 4-8 shown, a plurality of heating wires 4 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the shape memory alloy layer 3. The plurality of heating wires 4 are helically wound at an angle of 45° along the circumferential direction of the shape memory alloy layer 3. The distance between adjacent two heating wires 4 is L, the thickness of the shape memory alloy layer 3 is D, and L = 2D. An heating spiral groove 3.1 for installing the winding track of the heating wire 4 is processed on the outer layer of the shape memory alloy layer 3 by a spiral rolling machine. The groove width of the heating spiral groove 3.1 is equal to the wire diameter of the heating wire 4. The wire diameter of the heating wire 4 is d, and the groove depth of the heating spiral groove 3.1 is h, h = d.

[0034] As Figure 7 、 Figure 8 shown, the outer layer of the heating wire 4 is wrapped with a heat-insulating and water-blocking tape 5 with heat-insulating and water-blocking effects. The distance between adjacent two heat-insulating and water-blocking tapes 5 is not less than the width of the heat-insulating and water-blocking tape 5. The heat-insulating and water-blocking tape 5 is a composite tape of aluminum foil and polyethylene. The thickness of the heat-insulating and water-blocking tape 5 is 0.5 - 1 mm. Figure 8In order to show the connection relationship of the heat insulation and water blocking tape 5, an enlarged display is adopted. The inner layer of the heat insulation and water blocking tape 5 is made of aluminum foil, and the outer layer is made of polyethylene. The two layers of materials of the heat insulation and water blocking tape 5 have been fully adhered. After the outer sheath layer 2 is formed, the outer sheath layer 2 is also made of polyethylene material. Therefore, the compatibility of the material between the outer sheath layer 2 and the outer layer of the heat insulation and water blocking tape 5 can be utilized to fix the heat insulation and water blocking tape 5 on the outer sheath layer 2 and ensure the covering accuracy of the heat insulation and water blocking tape 5 for the heating wire 4. During the installation process of the heat insulation and water blocking tape 5, the height of the heating wire 4 protruding from the heating spiral groove 3.1 is utilized. This can not only ensure the symmetry of the heat insulation and water blocking tape 5 when covering the heating wire 4 with the heating wire 4 as the center line, but also use the heating wire 4 to position the heat insulation and water blocking tape 5 to prevent the heat insulation and water blocking tape 5 from shifting. During the use of the heat insulation and water blocking tape 5, the temperature of the heating wire 4 can be effectively prevented from moving towards the outer sheath layer 2. This can not only ensure the sufficiency of the heat transfer from the heating wire 4 to the shape memory alloy layer 3, but also avoid the heating wire 4 causing the outer sheath to age due to temperature rise.

[0035] As Figure 12 shown, through the distribution design of the heating wire 4 and the heat insulation and water blocking tape 5, the heating uniformity of several heating wires 4 for the shape memory alloy layer 3 is ensured, and the heating and temperature rise consistency at the central position between the inner layer of the shape memory alloy layer 3 and two adjacent heating wires 4 is achieved. If the temperature rise efficiency of the inner layer of the shape memory alloy layer 3 is much lower than that of the central position between the two heating wires 4, it is easy to cause the difference in the recovery state between the outer layer and the inner layer of the shape memory alloy layer 3. When the inner layer of the shape memory alloy layer 3 meets the recovery temperature range, the temperature at the central position between the two heating wires 4 is too high, which may cause the aging of the outer sheath layer 2. If the temperature rise efficiency of the inner layer of the shape memory alloy layer 3 is much higher than that of the central position between the two heating wires 4, it may not only cause the aging of the honeycomb structure layer 7, but also result in a high delay in the recovery efficiency of the shape memory alloy layer 3, and the recovery effect cannot be achieved quickly. At the same time, during the use process, the heating wire 4 needs to be heated in an intermittent manner to avoid the internal core wire unit of the dynamic cable 9 from heating up violently, which affects the transmission efficiency of the electrical signal of the dynamic cable.

[0036] The above is only an illustration of the best embodiment of the present invention, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and its specific structure is allowed to change. All changes made within the protection scope of the independent claims of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to a shallow water floating wind turbine, comprising a body, characterized in that: One end of the body is fixedly connected to a floating wind turbine platform (8) provided in the shallow water area. The body floats in the shallow water in multiple waveforms. The outer layer of the body includes an armored layer (1) and an outer sheath layer (2). A shape memory alloy layer (3) mainly made of shape memory alloy is provided between the armored layer (1) and the outer sheath layer (2). The shape memory alloy layer (3) is used to restore the body to its wavy laying state.

2. The shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to the shallow water floating wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein: A number of heating wires (4) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the shape memory alloy layer (3).

3. The shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to the shallow water floating wind turbine according to claim 2, wherein: A number of the heating wires (4) are helically wound around the shape memory alloy layer (3) at an angle of 30° to 60° in the circumferential direction.

4. The shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to the shallow water floating wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent ones of the heating wires (4) is L, and the thickness of the shape memory alloy layer (3) is D. D ≤ L ≤ 2D.

5. The shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to the shallow water floating wind turbine according to claim 4, wherein: The outer layer of the shape memory alloy layer (3) is processed by a spiral wire rolling machine to form a heating spiral groove (3.1) for installing the winding track of the heating wire (4).

6. The shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to the shallow water floating wind turbine according to claim 5, wherein: The groove width of the heating spiral groove (3.1) is equal to the wire diameter of the heating wire (4). The wire diameter of the heating wire (4) is d, and the groove depth of the heating spiral groove (3.1) is h. d ≤ h ≤ d.

7. The shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to the shallow water floating wind turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer layer of the heating wire (4) is wrapped with a heat-insulating and water-blocking tape (5) having heat-insulating and water-blocking effects.

8. The shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to a shallow water floating wind turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distance between adjacent heat-insulating and water-blocking tapes (5) is not less than the width of the heat-insulating and water-blocking tape (5).

9. The shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to the shallow water floating wind turbine according to claim 2, wherein: A number of wave crest segments are provided on the body. A buoyancy block (6) is fixedly connected to each wave crest segment. A honeycomb structure layer (7) composed of a hexagonal honeycomb structure is provided between the shape memory alloy layer (3) and the armored layer (1).

10. The shape memory alloy dynamic cable applicable to a shallow water floating wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein: The armored layer (1) is wound with super duplex stainless steel wire S32750.

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