Multi-port charging selection circuit and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-port charging selection circuit and method.According to the multi-port charging selection circuit, a switch switching module, a PD protocol module and a main control module are arranged in an interface module with a multi-interface circuit, and the main control module conducts charging according to signals of the interface module; the switch switching module is controlled to enable any interface circuit of the interface module to be connected with the PD protocol module; therefore, any interface circuit is selected from the interface modules to be connected with the PD protocol module, rapid charging is achieved, multiplexing of the PD protocol module is achieved, resources of the PD protocol module are saved, the size and internal space design of the electric equipment are reduced, the structure of the electric equipment is simplified, the circuit setting complexity is reduced, and the power utilization efficiency is improved. And thus, the stability and the use safety of the electric equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of charging, and particularly relates to a multi-port charging selection circuit and method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of USB charging technology, various fast charging technologies have rapidly occupied the entire market. In the field of fast charging technology, PD charging technology undoubtedly occupies the mainstream of the market, and various applications based on high-power fast charging have emerged, such as chargers, power banks, outdoor power supplies, and smart socket strips, etc. And these devices usually do not satisfy with only setting a single port. Usually, the devices will set multiple different types of ports to meet the insertion and charging of different types of devices. Especially in the fields of power banks and head-mounted devices, scenarios such as A+C+C, C+C+L, C+C+POGO PIN, C+L+magnetic heads, etc. are usually included.

[0003] When an electrical device simultaneously includes multiple ports that need to support fast charging protocols, it usually requires the built-in PD protocol chip to support the protocol recognition of multiple ports simultaneously, or uses multiple protocol ICs to separately identify and control each port independently. If a separate PD module is not used, it will not be able to meet the requirements of insertion detection, activation, and fast charging. Equipping each port with a PD module not only greatly increases the cost of the device, but also makes the charging circuit complex, reducing the stability and use safety of the electrical device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems described in the background art that separately adapting PD modules for multiple ports increases the cost of the device, makes the charging circuit complex, and the stability and use safety of the electrical device are low, the present invention provides a multi-port charging selection circuit and method. The present invention realizes the reuse of the PD protocol module, saves the resources of the PD protocol module, and reduces the volume and internal space design of the electrical device, simplifies the structure of the electrical device and reduces the complexity of circuit setting, thereby improving the stability and use safety of the electrical device.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-port charging selection circuit, and the circuit includes: An interface module, including a plurality of interface circuits, for connecting with a charging device or a discharging device through the interface circuits; A switch switching module, respectively connected to the plurality of interface circuits; A PD protocol module, connected to the switch switching module and connected to any one of the interface circuits through the switch switching module; And a main control module, connected to the interface module, the switch switching module, and the PD protocol module. The main control module controls the switch switching module according to the signal of the interface module to connect any one of the interface circuits of the interface module to the PD protocol module.

[0006] In some embodiments, the interface module includes a first interface circuit and a second interface circuit; an enable terminal of the first interface circuit is connected to a first control terminal of the main control module, and an enable terminal of the second interface circuit is connected to a second control terminal of the main control module; the first interface circuit and the second interface circuit are respectively conductively connected or disconnected from the PD protocol module through a switch switching module.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first interface circuit includes a connector J1, a MOS transistor Q3, a MOS transistor Q4, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, and a capacitor C3. Wherein, a first connection terminal of the connector J1 is connected to a drain of the MOS transistor Q3, a first connection terminal of the connector J1 is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q3, and a first terminal of the capacitor C3; a CC1-C1 terminal and a CC2-C1 terminal of the connector J1 are respectively connected to a first input terminal and a second input terminal of the switch switching module. A gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to a first terminal of the resistor R12, a first terminal of the resistor R13, and a gate of the MOS transistor Q4, and a source is connected to a second terminal of the resistor R12 and a source of the MOS transistor Q4; a drain of the MOS transistor Q4 is connected to a power supply; a second terminal of the resistor R13 is connected to the first control terminal of the main control module; a second terminal of the capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second interface circuit includes a connector J2, a MOS transistor Q2, a capacitor C2, resistors R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10. Wherein, a second connection terminal of the connector J2 is connected to a source of the MOS transistor Q2, a first terminal of the capacitor C2, a first terminal of the resistor R9, and a first terminal of the resistor R8; a CC1-C2 terminal and a CC2-C2 terminal of the connector J2 are respectively connected to a third input terminal and a fourth input terminal of the switch switching module. A gate of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to a second terminal of the resistor R9 and a first terminal of the resistor R10, and a drain is connected to the power supply; a second terminal of the resistor R10 is connected to the second control terminal of the main control module. A second terminal of the resistor R8 is connected to a first terminal of the resistor R7 and a first terminal of the resistor R6; the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the first detection terminal of the main control module; a second terminal of the resistor R6 and a second terminal of the capacitor C2 are grounded.

[0009] In some embodiments, the switch switching module is a single-pole multi-throw multiplexer or multiple single-channel digital switches; the switch switching module is further provided with a first trigger terminal, a second trigger terminal, a first PD terminal and a second PD terminal, and the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal are connected to the PD protocol module; the first trigger terminal and the second trigger terminal are respectively connected to the first switch terminal and the second switch terminal of the main control module, and the first interface circuit or the second interface circuit is controlled to be connected to the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal through the signals of the first switch terminal and the second switch terminal.

[0010] In some embodiments, the PD protocol module is provided with a CC1 terminal, a CC2 terminal and a first communication terminal, the CC1 terminal is connected to the first PD terminal, the CC2 terminal is connected to the second PD terminal, and the first communication terminal is connected to the second communication terminal of the main control module.

[0011] In some embodiments, the interface module includes a third interface circuit, and an enable terminal of the third interface circuit is connected to a third control terminal of the main control module; the third interface circuit is conductively connected or disconnected from the PD protocol module through the switch switching module.

[0012] In some embodiments, the third interface circuit includes a connector J3, a MOS transistor Q1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4 and a resistor R5; Wherein, a third connection terminal of the connector J3 is connected to a source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, a first end of a resistor R9 and a first end of a resistor R3, and CC1-C3 terminals and CC2-C3 terminals of the connector J3 are respectively connected to a fifth input terminal and a sixth input terminal of the switch switching module; A gate of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to a second end of a resistor R4 and a first end of a resistor R5, and a drain electrode is connected to a power supply; a second end of the resistor R5 is connected to a third control terminal of the main control module; A second end of the resistor R3 is connected to a first end of the resistor R1 and a first end of the resistor R2, a second end of the resistor R2 is connected to a second detection terminal of the main control module, and a second end of the resistor R1 is grounded.

[0013] In some embodiments, the switch switching module is a single-pole multi-throw multiplexer switch or multiple single-channel digital switches; the switch switching module is further provided with a first trigger terminal, a third trigger terminal, a first PD terminal and a second PD terminal, and the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal are connected to the PD protocol module; the first trigger terminal and the third trigger terminal are respectively connected to the first switch terminal and the third switch terminal of the main control module, and the third interface circuit is controlled to be connected to the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal through the signals of the first switch terminal and the third switch terminal; the PD protocol module is provided with a CC1 terminal, a CC2 terminal and a first communication terminal, the CC1 terminal is connected to the first PD terminal, the CC2 terminal is connected to the second PD terminal, and the first communication terminal is connected to the second communication terminal of the main control module.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a multi-port charging selection method, which is characterized in that, based on the multi-port charging selection circuit according to any one of claims 1-9, the method includes: Monitoring the insertion signals of multiple interface circuits of the interface module, wherein the insertion signal is a level signal generated by the connection of the interface circuit to an external device; Judging the number of inserted devices of the interface module according to the number of the insertion signals; When the number of devices is 1, the interface circuit connected to the external device is defined as a fast charging interface circuit, and the fast charging interface circuit is connected to the PD protocol module through the multi-port charging selection circuit and the fast charging interface circuit is made to perform PD fast charging; When the number of devices is multiple, judging whether the powers of the external devices are the same. If the powers are the same, the interface circuit with a higher priority is defined as a fast charging interface circuit according to a preset fast charging priority table, and the fast charging interface circuit is connected to the PD protocol module through the multi-port charging selection circuit and the fast charging interface circuit is controlled to perform PD fast charging; if the powers are different, the device powers of each external device are obtained by polling through the main control module and the PD module, and the interface circuit connected to the external device with the largest device power is defined as a fast charging interface circuit, and the fast charging interface circuit is connected to the PD protocol module through the multi-port charging selection circuit and the fast charging interface circuit is controlled to perform PD fast charging.

[0015] As can be seen from the above, in a multi-port charging selection circuit and method of the present invention, the multi-port charging selection circuit of the present invention is provided with an interface module, a switch switching module, a PD protocol module, and a main control module having a multi-interface circuit, so that the main control module controls the switch switching module according to the signal of the interface module to connect any interface circuit of the interface module to the PD protocol module; thereby realizing the selection of any interface circuit in the interface module to be connected to the PD protocol module, and then fast charging. It not only realizes the reuse of the PD protocol module and saves the resources of the PD protocol module, but also reduces the volume and internal space design of the electrical device, simplifies the structure of the electrical device and reduces the complexity of circuit setting, thereby improving the stability and use safety of the electrical device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-port charging selection circuit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 FIG. is a circuit schematic diagram of the interface module of the multi-port charging selection circuit provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 FIG. is a circuit schematic diagram of the switch switching module of the multi-port charging selection circuit provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 FIG. is a circuit schematic diagram of the main control module and the PD protocol module of the multi-port charging selection circuit provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 FIG. is a circuit schematic diagram of the interface module of the multi-port charging selection circuit provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic flow diagram of the multi-port charging selection method provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The following describes in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] Please refer to the drawings, where the same component symbols represent the same components. The principle of the present invention is illustrated by being implemented in a suitable computing environment. The following description is based on the specific embodiments of the present invention illustrated, and it should not be regarded as limiting other specific embodiments of the present invention not described in detail herein.

[0024] As used herein, the term "module" may be a software or hardware object that executes on the computing system. Different components, modules, engines, and services described herein may be implementation objects on the computing system. The devices and methods described herein may be implemented in software, or may also be implemented in hardware, all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication between two elements inside or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 , which shows a first embodiment of a multi-port charging selection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. This circuit can be applied to electrical devices with multiple interface circuits, such as chargers, mobile power supplies, outdoor power supplies, smart socket strips, and head-mounted devices, etc. This circuit includes an interface module 110, a switch switching module U3, a PD protocol module U1, and a main control module MCU; Among them, the interface module includes multiple interface circuits for connecting to a charging device or a discharging device through the interface circuits; the interface module has multiple interface circuits that can be simultaneously connected to different charging devices or discharging devices. When connecting the interface module to a charging device or a discharging device, the interface circuit can be arbitrarily selected, and it communicates with the switch switching module, the PD protocol module, and the main control module to trigger fast charging.

[0028] The switch switching module is respectively connected to multiple interface circuits; the switch switching module is a single-pole multi-throw multi-way selector switch or multiple single-channel digital switches; the switch switching circuit is used to connect to multiple interface circuits and establish connections between different interface circuits and the PD protocol module by receiving signals from the main control module.

[0029] The PD protocol module is connected to the switch module and is connected to any interface circuit through the switch module; the PD protocol module can be used for the electrical device to perform fast charging with the PD fast charging protocol. The PD fast charging protocol provides different charging powers by adjusting the voltage and current. According to the needs of the device, the PD charger can provide different voltages such as 5V, 9V, 15V, 20V, etc., and a variety of different current values. By adjusting the voltage and current simultaneously, a higher charging power can be achieved. The PD fast charging technology adopts a two-way communication mechanism to negotiate and determine the charging parameters between the device and the power supply. This communication ensures that the charger can accurately identify the device's needs and make corresponding adjustments to meet the best charging conditions.

[0030] The main control module is connected to the interface module, the switch module, and the PD protocol module. The main control module controls the switch module according to the signal of the interface module so that any interface circuit of the interface module is connected to the PD protocol module. The main control module can be a main control chip, which is used to be connected to the interface module, the switch module, and the PD protocol module respectively. It can judge whether there is a charging device or a discharging device connected through the interface circuit signal in the interface module, and thus control the switch module according to the built-in connection logic of the main control module to connect any one interface circuit to the PD protocol module for fast charging.

[0031] In addition, the main control module can be a microcontroller of the STM32 series. The main control module can be combined with the PD protocol module into a composite IC to optimize the board layout space or optimize the cost.

[0032] The multi-port charging selection circuit of the present invention, by setting an interface module with multiple interface circuits, a switch module, a PD protocol module, and a main control module, enables the main control module to control the switch module according to the signal of the interface module so that any interface circuit of the interface module is connected to the PD protocol module; thus realizing the selection of any interface circuit in the interface module to be connected to the PD protocol module, and then performing fast charging, which not only realizes the reuse of the PD protocol module and saves the resources of the PD protocol module, but also reduces the volume and internal space design of the electrical device, simplifies the structure of the electrical device and reduces the complexity of circuit setting, and further improves the stability and use safety of the electrical device.

[0033] Embodiment 2: Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a second embodiment of a multi-port charging selection circuit. Refer to Figures 2-4 , this circuit includes an interface module, a switch module, a PD protocol module, and a main control module; this embodiment further defines the interface module, the switch module, the PD protocol module, and the main control module.

[0034] In some embodiments, the interface module 110 includes a first interface circuit 111 and a second interface circuit 112; the enable terminal of the first interface circuit is connected to the first control terminal of the main control module, and the enable terminal of the second interface circuit is connected to the second control terminal of the main control module; the first interface circuit and the second interface circuit are respectively connected to or disconnected from the PD protocol module through a switch switching module. In this embodiment, the first interface circuit and the second interface circuit can be simultaneously connected to different charging devices or power-consuming devices respectively, and the first interface circuit and the second interface circuit can also be separately connected to the charging devices or power-consuming devices.

[0035] The specific circuit structure of the first interface circuit may include a connector J1, a MOS transistor Q3, a MOS transistor Q4, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, and a capacitor C3. Among them, the first connection terminal of the connector J1 is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q3 and the first terminal of the capacitor C3; the CC1-C1 terminal and the CC2-C1 terminal of the connector J1 are respectively connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the switch switching module; the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the first terminal of the resistor R12, the first terminal of the resistor R13, and the gate of the MOS transistor Q4, and the source is connected to the second terminal of the resistor R12 and the source of the MOS transistor Q4; the drain of the MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the power supply; the second terminal of the resistor R13 is connected to the first control terminal of the main control module; the second terminal of the capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0036] In this embodiment, the connector J1 is used to connect to an external charging device or discharging device. The MOS transistors Q3 and Q4 are connected in series in the first interface circuit to achieve bidirectional control of loop shutdown and avoid the risk of damaging loop devices due to excessive current / voltage. The first interface circuit can be used as a charging circuit to charge internally or as a discharging circuit to discharge externally. The two MOS transistors can well protect the circuit and achieve fast response. The resistors R12 and R13 are used for MOS switch control protection to keep the MOS gate voltage / current within a reasonable range, and the capacitor C3 is used for port filtering protection. In an example, the first interface circuit can be set to default fast charging, that is, when a charging device or discharging device is connected to the first interface circuit, the first control terminal and the first switch terminal of the main control module can be set to default levels so that the MOS transistors Q3 and Q4 are default-conducted, and the CC1-C1 terminal and the CC2-C1 terminal are default-connected to the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal.

[0037] In some embodiments, the second interface circuit includes a connector J2, a MOS transistor Q2, a capacitor C2, resistors R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10. Among them, the second connection end of the connector J2 is connected to the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2, the first end of the capacitor C2, the first end of the resistor R9, and the first end of the resistor R8. The CC1-C2 terminal and the CC2-C2 terminal of the connector J2 are respectively connected to the third input terminal and the fourth input terminal of the switch switching module; the gate electrode of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R9 and the first end of the resistor R10, and the drain electrode is connected to the power supply; the second end of the resistor R10 is connected to the second control terminal of the main control module; the second end of the resistor R8 is connected to the first end of the resistor R7 and the first end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the first detection terminal of the main control module, and the second end of the resistor R6 and the second end of the capacitor C2 are grounded.

[0038] In this embodiment, the connector J2 is used to connect to an external charging device or discharging device. In this example, the connector J2 is mainly used for charging. The resistors R6, R7, and R8 form an insertion detection circuit of the second interface circuit, which is used to send the signal of the connected charging device into the main control module for identification. After the first detection terminal of the main control module receives the signal of the connected device, it controls the MOS transistor Q2 to conduct through the second control terminal, controls the switch switching module through the second switch terminal, and controls the CC1-C2 terminal and the CC2-C2 terminal to conduct with the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal, so that the second interface circuit realizes PD fast charging. The resistors R9 and R10 are used for MOS switch control protection to make the MOS gate voltage / current in a reasonable range, and the capacitor C2 is for filtering protection.

[0039] In some embodiments, the switch switching module is a single-pole multi-throw multiplexer or multiple single-channel digital switches; the switch switching module is further provided with a first trigger terminal, a second trigger terminal, a first PD terminal, and a second PD terminal. The first PD terminal and the second PD terminal are connected to the PD protocol module; the first trigger terminal and the second trigger terminal are respectively connected to the first switch terminal and the second switch terminal of the main control module, and control the first interface circuit or the second interface circuit to be connected to the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal through the signals of the first switch terminal and the second switch terminal. In this embodiment, the first PD terminal is respectively conductively connected to the CC1-C1 terminal and the CC1-C2 terminal, and the second PD terminal can be conductively connected to the CC2-C1 terminal and the CC2-C2 terminal. After receiving the signals of the first switch terminal and / or the second switch terminal, the switch switching module can select the first interface circuit or the second interface circuit to be connected to the PD protocol module.

[0040] In some embodiments, the PD protocol module is provided with a CC1 terminal, a CC2 terminal, and a first communication terminal. The CC1 terminal is connected to the first PD terminal, the CC2 terminal is connected to the second PD terminal, and the first communication terminal is connected to the second communication terminal of the main control module. The PD protocol module can be used for the electrical device to perform fast charging with the PD fast charging protocol. The PD fast charging protocol provides different charging powers by adjusting the voltage and current. According to the needs of the device, the PD charger can provide different voltages such as 5V, 9V, 15V, 20V, etc., and a variety of different current values. By adjusting the voltage and current simultaneously, a higher charging power can be achieved. The PD fast charging technology adopts a two-way communication mechanism to negotiate and determine the charging parameters between the device and the power supply. This communication ensures that the charger can accurately identify the device's needs and make corresponding adjustments to meet the optimal charging conditions. The PD protocol module and the main control module are connected through the first communication terminal and the second communication terminal to establish a connection. In addition, the PD protocol module and the main control module can be combined into a composite IC.

[0041] Embodiment 3: Based on Embodiment 1 or 2, this embodiment provides a third embodiment of a multi-port charging selection circuit. Refer to Figures 3-5 , this circuit includes an interface module, a switch switching module, a PD protocol module, and a main control module; this embodiment further defines the interface module, the switch switching module, the PD protocol module, and the main control module.

[0042] In some embodiments, the interface module includes a first interface circuit, a second interface circuit, and a third interface circuit; the enable terminal of the first interface circuit is connected to the first control terminal of the main control module, and the enable terminal of the second interface circuit is connected to the second control terminal of the main control module; the first interface circuit and the second interface circuit are respectively connected to or disconnected from the PD protocol module through the switch switching module. In this embodiment, the first interface circuit and the second interface circuit can be simultaneously connected to different charging devices or electrical devices respectively, and the first interface circuit and the second interface circuit can also be individually connected to the charging devices or electrical devices. The enable terminal of the third interface circuit is connected to the third control terminal of the main control module; the third interface circuit is connected to or disconnected from the PD protocol module through the switch switching module.

[0043] In some embodiments, the third interface circuit includes a connector J3, a MOS transistor Q1, resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5; wherein, the third connection end of the connector J3 is connected to the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, the first end of the resistor R9, and the first end of the resistor R3, and the CC1-C3 terminal and the CC2-C3 terminal of the connector J3 are respectively connected to the fifth input terminal and the sixth input terminal of the switch switching module; the gate electrode of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R4 and the first end of the resistor R5, and the drain electrode is connected to the power supply; the second end of the resistor R5 is connected to the third control terminal of the main control module; the second end of the resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the resistor R1 and the first end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the second detection terminal of the main control module, and the second end of the resistor R1 is grounded. The resistors R4 and R5 are used for MOS switch control protection to keep the MOS gate voltage / current within a reasonable range.

[0044] In this embodiment, the connector J3 is used to connect to an external charging device or discharging device. In this example, the connector J3 is mainly used for charging. The resistors R1, R2, and R3 form an insertion detection circuit of the third interface circuit for sending the signal of the connected charging device into the main control module for identification. After the second detection terminal of the main control module receives the signal of the connected device, it controls the MOS transistor Q1 to conduct through the third control terminal, controls the switch switching module through the third switch terminal, and controls the CC1-C3 terminal and the CC2-C3 terminal to conduct with the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal, so that the third interface circuit realizes PD fast charging.

[0045] In some embodiments, the switch switching module is a single-pole multi-throw multiplexer or multiple single-channel digital switches; the switch switching module is further provided with a first trigger terminal, a third trigger terminal, a first PD terminal, and a second PD terminal, and the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal are connected to the PD protocol module; the first trigger terminal and the third trigger terminal are respectively connected to the first switch terminal and the third switch terminal of the main control module, and the connection between the third interface circuit and the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal is controlled through the signals of the first switch terminal and the third switch terminal; the PD protocol module is provided with a CC1 terminal, a CC2 terminal, and a first communication terminal, the CC1 terminal is connected to the first PD terminal, the CC2 terminal is connected to the second PD terminal, and the first communication terminal is connected to the second communication terminal of the main control module.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first PD terminal is conductively connected to the CC1-C1 terminal and the CC1-C2 terminal respectively, and the second PD terminal can be conductively connected to the CC2-C1 terminal and the CC2-C2 terminal. After receiving the first switch terminal or second switch terminal signal, the switch switching module can select the first interface circuit or the second interface circuit to be connected to the PD protocol module. The PD protocol module can be used for the electrical device to perform fast charging with the PD fast charging protocol. The PD fast charging protocol provides different charging powers by adjusting the voltage and current. According to the needs of the device, the PD charger can provide different voltages such as 5V, 9V, 15V, 20V, etc., and various different current values. By adjusting the voltage and current simultaneously, higher charging powers can be achieved. The PD fast charging technology adopts a two-way communication mechanism to negotiate and determine the charging parameters between the device and the power supply. This communication ensures that the charger can accurately identify the device's needs and make corresponding adjustments to meet the optimal charging conditions. The PD protocol module and the main control module are connected through the first communication terminal and the second communication terminal to establish a connection. In addition, the PD protocol module and the main control module can be combined into a composite IC.

[0047] Embodiment 4: Based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3, this embodiment provides a multi-port charging selection method. Based on the multi-port charging selection circuit of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3, the method includes: 610. Monitor the insertion signals of multiple interface circuits of the interface module, where the insertion signal is a level signal generated by the connection of the interface circuit to an external device; 620. Determine the number of inserted devices of the interface module according to the number of insertion signals; 630. When the number of devices is 1, define the interface circuit connected to the external device as the fast charging interface circuit, and connect the fast charging interface circuit to the PD protocol module through the multi-port charging selection circuit and make the fast charging interface circuit perform PD fast charging; 640. When the number of devices is multiple, determine whether the powers of the external devices are the same. If the powers are the same, define the interface circuit with a higher priority as the fast charging interface circuit according to the preset fast charging priority table, and connect the fast charging interface circuit to the PD protocol module through the multi-port charging selection circuit and control the fast charging interface circuit to perform PD fast charging; if the powers are different, obtain the device power of each external device through polling by the main control module and the PD module, and define the interface circuit connected to the external device with the largest device power as the fast charging interface circuit, and connect the fast charging interface circuit to the PD protocol module through the multi-port charging selection circuit and control the fast charging interface circuit to perform PD fast charging.

[0048] In this embodiment, when only one interface circuit is connected to an external device, the current interface circuit can be automatically defined as a fast interface circuit for fast charging. When multiple interface circuits each have multiple external devices, first determine whether the power is the same. If it is the same, sort according to a preset fast charging priority table and select the interface circuit as the fast interface circuit. If the power is different, confirm the interface circuit as the fast interface circuit according to the maximum power. In a specific example, in the fast charging priority table, connector J1 is greater than connector J2 which is greater than connector J3. The fast charging priority table is stored in the register of the main control module.

[0049] See Figures 3-5 , this electrical device includes a PCB board, and the PCB board integrates the above multi-port charging selection circuit. This electrical device is an electrical device with multiple interface circuits, such as a charger, a mobile power supply, an outdoor power supply, a smart socket, and a head-mounted device, etc. The multi-port charging selection circuit includes an interface module, a switch switching module, a PD protocol module, and a main control module.

[0050] This multi-port charging selection circuit is based on a single PD module. Through function multiplexing, each multi-port can separately implement insertion detection, activation, and protocol identification, so as to achieve multi-port fast charging.

[0051] This circuit includes a PD protocol module U1, a main control module MCU and its peripheral circuits, a switch switching module U3, and an interface module.

[0052] The interface module includes a first interface circuit, a second interface circuit, and a third interface circuit. The first interface circuit has a connector J1, the second interface circuit has a connector J2, and the third interface circuit has a connector J3. Among them, connector J1 is a port for both charging and discharging; connectors J2 and J3 are charging ports.

[0053] The charging and discharging control MOS transistors Q3 and Q4 of connector J1, the charging control MOS transistor Q2 of connector J2, and the charging control MOS transistor Q3 of connector J3.

[0054] The insertion detection circuit of connector J2 consists of resistors R6, R7, and R8. The insertion detection circuit of connector J3 consists of resistors R1, R2, and R3.

[0055] Under normal conditions, the first input terminals NC1 and the second input terminals NC2 of the multi-way selection switches Channel 1 and Channel 2 are closed with their first PD terminals and second PD terminals, and the CC1-C1 terminals and CC2-C1 terminals are connected to the CC1 terminal and CC2 terminal. The third input terminals IN5 and fourth input terminals IN6 of the multiplexer switches Channel 5 and Channel 6 are closed with their first ground terminals NC5 and second ground terminals NC6, and the CC1-C2 terminals and CC2-C2 terminals are pulled down by 5.1K. The fifth input terminals IN3 and sixth input terminals IN4 of the multiplexer switches Channel 3 and Channel 4 are closed with their third ground terminals NC3 and fourth ground terminals NC4, and the CC1-C2 terminals and CC2-C2 terminals are pulled down by 5.1K When a device is inserted into the connector J1 alone, the CC1-C1 terminals and CC2-C1 terminals detect the insertion signal, the PD protocol module initiates a handshake, and informs the main control module MCU of the current state. The main control module MCU sets the first control terminal C1_EN to a low level, and the MOS transistors Q3 and Q4 are turned on to perform normal PD fast charging and discharging operations.

[0056] When a charger is inserted into the connector J2 alone, the CC1-C2 terminals and CC2-C2 terminals are pulled down by 5.1K, causing the charger to output 5V. At this time, the insertion detection circuit composed of the resistors R6, R7, and R8 detects the voltage and transmits it to the main control module MCU pin through the first detection terminal VC2-DET, determining that there is a charger connected to the connector J2. At this time, the main control module MCU enables the first PD terminals IN1 and second PD terminals IN2 of Channel 1 and Channel 2 to be closed with their NO1 terminals and NO2 terminals through the first switch terminal SWIN, and enables the third input terminals IN5 and fourth input terminals IN6 of Channel 5 and Channel 6 to be closed with their NO5 terminals and NO6 terminals through the second switch terminal SWC2. At this time, the CC1-C2 terminals, CC2-C2 terminals are conducted with the CC1 terminals and CC2 terminals, the PD protocol module initiates a handshake, and informs the main control module MCU of the current state. After the protocol handshake of the connector J2 is successful, the main control module MCU sets the second control terminal C2_EN to a low level, and the MOS Q2 is turned on, and the charging port J2 enters PD fast charging.

[0057] When a charger is inserted into connector J3 alone, the CC1-C3 terminal and CC2-C3 terminal are pulled down by 5.1K, causing the charger to output 5V. At this time, the insertion detection circuit composed of resistor R1, resistor R2, and resistor R3 detects the voltage and transmits it to the main control module MCU pin through the second detection terminal VC2-DET, determining that a charger is connected to connector J3. At this time, the main control module MCU enables the first PD terminals IN1 and IN2 of Channel 1 and Channel 2 to be closed with their NO1 terminals and NO2 terminals through the first switch terminal SWIN, and enables the fifth input terminals IN3 and IN4 of Channel 3 and Channel 4 to be closed with their NO3 terminals and NO4 terminals through the third switch terminal SWC3. At this time, the CC1-C3 terminal, CC2-C3 terminal are conducted with the CC1 terminal and CC2 terminal, and the PD protocol module initiates a handshake and informs the main control module MCU of the current status. After the protocol handshake of connector J3 is successful, the main control module MCU sets the third control terminal C3_EN to a low level, turns on the MOS tube Q1, and connector J3 enters PD fast charging.

[0058] When connectors J1, J2, and J3 simultaneously detect the insertion of a charger, when the power is the same, the J1 port of the connector can obtain priority through program logic. When the powers are different, the port with the maximum power can be selected for charging through the program polling method.

[0059] When connectors J2 and J3 simultaneously detect the insertion of a charger and connector J1 is inserted into the electrical device, charging priority of connectors J2 and J3 can be achieved and the output is turned off.

[0060] When connectors J2 and J3 simultaneously detect the insertion of a charger and connector J1 is inserted into the electrical device, PD fast charging can be achieved for connector J1, and 5V 3A 15W general charging input can be provided for connectors J2 and J3.

[0061] The above design concept can realize the function of charging with a multi-port multiplexing PD module, achieve plug-and-play for multiple ports. At the same time, in the scenario where multiple ports are inserted simultaneously, a charging strategy with power priority can also be realized to ensure that the battery pack is fully charged in the shortest time, and the PD discharging function can be realized in the scenario of charging while discharging.

[0062] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge scope of those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-port charging selection circuit, characterized in that, The circuit includes: An interface module, including a plurality of interface circuits, for connecting to a charging device or a discharging device through the interface circuits; A switch switching module, respectively connected to the plurality of interface circuits; A PD protocol module, connected to the switch switching module and connected to any one of the interface circuits through the switch switching module; And a main control module, connected to the interface module, the switch switching module and the PD protocol module. The main control module controls the switch switching module according to the signal of the interface module so that any interface circuit of the interface module is connected to the PD protocol module.

2. The multi-port charging selection circuit according to claim 1, wherein The interface module includes a first interface circuit and a second interface circuit; the enable end of the first interface circuit is connected to the first control end of the main control module, and the enable end of the second interface circuit is connected to the second control end of the main control module; the first interface circuit and the second interface circuit are respectively connected to or disconnected from the PD protocol module through the switch switching module.

3. The multi-port charging selection circuit according to claim 2, wherein The first interface circuit includes a connector J1, MOS transistors Q3, Q4, resistors R12, R13, and capacitor C3. Wherein, the first connection end of the connector J1 is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q3 and the first end of the capacitor C3; the CC1-C1 end and the CC2-C1 end of the connector J1 are respectively connected to the first input end and the second input end of the switch switching module. The gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the first ends of the resistor R12, the resistor R13, and the gate of the MOS transistor Q4, and the source is connected to the second end of the resistor R12 and the source of the MOS transistor Q4; the drain of the MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the power supply; the second end of the resistor R13 is connected to the first control end of the main control module; the second end of the capacitor C3 is grounded.

4. The multi-port charging selection circuit according to claim 3, wherein The second interface circuit includes a connector J2, MOS transistor Q2, capacitor C2, resistors R6, R7, R8, R9, R10. Wherein, the second connection end of the connector J2 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q2, the first end of the capacitor C2, the first end of the resistor R9, and the first end of the resistor R8. The CC1-C2 end and the CC2-C2 end of the connector J2 are respectively connected to the third input end and the fourth input end of the switch switching module. The gate of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R9 and the first end of the resistor R10, and the drain is connected to the power supply; the second end of the resistor R10 is connected to the second control end of the main control module. The second end of the resistor R8 is connected to the first ends of the resistor R7 and the resistor R6. The other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the first detection end of the main control module. The second ends of the resistor R6 and the capacitor C2 are grounded.

5. The multi-port charging selection circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that The switch switching module is a single-pole multi-throw multiplexer or multiple single-channel digital switches; the switch switching module is further provided with a first trigger terminal, a second trigger terminal, a first PD terminal, and a second PD terminal, and the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal are connected to the PD protocol module; the first trigger terminal and the second trigger terminal are respectively connected to the first switch terminal and the second switch terminal of the main control module, and control the connection of the first interface circuit or the second interface circuit to the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal through the signals of the first switch terminal and the second switch terminal.

6. The multi-port charging selection circuit according to claim 4, wherein, The PD protocol module is provided with a CC1 terminal, a CC2 terminal, and a first communication terminal, the CC1 terminal is connected to the first PD terminal, the CC2 terminal is connected to the second PD terminal, and the first communication terminal is connected to the second communication terminal of the main control module.

7. The multi-port charging selection circuit according to claim 1, wherein, The interface module includes a third interface circuit, and an enable terminal of the third interface circuit is connected to a third control terminal of the main control module; the third interface circuit is conductively connected or disconnected from the PD protocol module through the switch switching module.

8. The multi-port charging selection circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The third interface circuit includes a connector J3, a MOS transistor Q1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, and a resistor R5; Wherein, a third connection terminal of the connector J3 is connected to a source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, a first end of a resistor R9, and a first end of a resistor R3, and CC1-C3 terminals and CC2-C3 terminals of the connector J3 are respectively connected to a fifth input terminal and a sixth input terminal of the switch switching module; A gate of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to a second end of a resistor R4 and a first end of a resistor R5, and a drain electrode is connected to a power supply; a second end of the resistor R5 is connected to a third control terminal of the main control module; A second end of the resistor R3 is connected to a first end of the resistor R1 and a first end of the resistor R2, a second end of the resistor R2 is connected to a second detection terminal of the main control module, and a second end of the resistor R1 is grounded.

9. The multi-port charging selection circuit according to claim 7, wherein The switch switching module is a single-pole multi-throw multiplexer or multiple single-channel digital switches; the switch switching module is further provided with a first trigger terminal, a third trigger terminal, a first PD terminal, and a second PD terminal, and the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal are connected to the PD protocol module; the first trigger terminal and the third trigger terminal are respectively connected to the first switch terminal and the third switch terminal of the main control module, and control the connection of the third interface circuit to the first PD terminal and the second PD terminal through the signals of the first switch terminal and the third switch terminal; the PD protocol module is provided with a CC1 terminal, a CC2 terminal, and a first communication terminal, the CC1 terminal is connected to the first PD terminal, the CC2 terminal is connected to the second PD terminal, and the first communication terminal is connected to the second communication terminal of the main control module.

10. A multi-port charging selection method, characterized in that, Based on the multi-port charging selection circuit according to any one of claims 1-9, the method includes: Monitoring insertion signals of multiple interface circuits of the interface module, wherein the insertion signal is a level signal generated by the connection of the interface circuit to an external device; Judging the number of inserted devices of the interface module according to the number of the insertion signals; When the number of the devices is 1, the interface circuit connected to the external device is defined as a fast charging interface circuit, and the fast charging interface circuit is connected to the PD protocol module through the multi-port charging selection circuit and the fast charging interface circuit is controlled to perform PD fast charging; When the number of the devices is multiple, it is judged whether the powers of the external devices are the same. If the powers are the same, the interface circuit with a higher priority is defined as the fast charging interface circuit according to the preset fast charging priority table, and the fast charging interface circuit is connected to the PD protocol module through the multi-port charging selection circuit and the fast charging interface circuit is controlled to perform PD fast charging; If the powers are different, the device power of each external device is obtained by polling through the main control module and the PD module, and the interface circuit connected to the external device with the maximum device power is defined as the fast charging interface circuit, and the fast charging interface circuit is connected to the PD protocol module through the multi-port charging selection circuit and the fast charging interface circuit is controlled to perform PD fast charging.

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