A method, apparatus and system for compensating for non-linear signals

Abstract

The application provides a compensation method, device and system of a nonlinear signal. In the method, a network device acquires N first signals sent by a first terminal, and compensates nonlinear distortion of the N first signals by using a first compensation model. The first signal is a signal processed by a power amplifier of the first terminal. The nonlinear distortion is used to indicate nonlinear distortion caused to the N first signals in a processing procedure of the power amplifier. The method can solve problems such as high cost and high power consumption of nonlinear processing in the prior art, and can reduce complexity of nonlinear processing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a compensation method, device and system of a nonlinear signal. BACKGROUND

[0002] A power amplifier (PA) can amplify a low-power signal generated by a base station or a terminal to a power level that can be transmitted over a long distance, and is a core device of a wireless communication device. When performing power amplification, the PA can introduce nonlinear distortion, which can cause the performance indicators of the transmitted signal to deteriorate. For example, the nonlinear distortion caused by the PA can cause the error vector magnitude (EVM) and the adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) performance of the transmitted signal to decline.

[0003] To solve this problem, a transmitter nonlinear compensation algorithm can be used. In general, a conventional method uses digital pre-distortion (DPD) to perform digital pre-distortion processing on a signal before it enters the PA, to compensate for the nonlinear distortion generated by the PA.

[0004] However, when processing a large bandwidth signal, the conventional method can cause the hardware circuit connected to the PA to be relatively complex to implement, resulting in high cost and high power consumption for PA linearization processing. In addition, the conventional method also needs to train pre-distortion compensation parameters, which increases the complexity of the system. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a compensation method, device and system of a nonlinear signal, which can solve the problems of high cost and high power consumption of nonlinear processing in the prior art, and can reduce the complexity of nonlinear processing.

[0006] In a first aspect, a compensation method of a nonlinear signal is provided. The method can be executed by a network device, or by a component (such as a circuit, a chip or a chip system, etc.) configured in the network device, or by a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the network device. The present application does not limit this. The following describes the network device as an example.

[0007] The method includes: obtaining N first signals sent by a first terminal; the first signal is a signal after amplification processing by a power amplifier of the first terminal; N is a positive integer; compensating for nonlinear distortion of the N first signals using a first compensation model; the nonlinear distortion is used to indicate nonlinear distortion caused to the N first signals in the processing of the power amplifier.

[0008] Based on the scheme, the non-linear processing is performed at the receiving end (i.e., the network device), i.e., the non-linear signal received from the terminal is non-linearly processed at the receiving end, without power limitation, so that no feedback circuit is needed, and the complexity of the non-linear processing is obviously reduced. Moreover, the non-linear processing is performed at the receiving end, without the need of oversampling, the efficiency of the non-linear processing is improved, and the cost, power consumption, etc. of the non-linear processing are reduced, so that the development trend of miniaturization and portability of devices (such as terminals) can be met.

[0009] In a second aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which includes a processing module and a transceiver module. The transceiver module is configured to acquire N first signals transmitted by a first terminal; the first signal is a signal after an amplification processing performed by a power amplifier of the first terminal; N is a positive integer; and the processing module is configured to compensate non-linear distortion of the N first signals by using a first compensation model; the non-linear distortion is used to indicate non-linear distortion caused to the N first signals in the processing of the power amplifier.

[0010] The second aspect is a device-side implementation corresponding to the first aspect, and the explanations, supplements and beneficial effects of the first aspect are also applicable to the second aspect, and thus will not be described herein again.

[0011] In a third aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which includes a processor. The processor is coupled with a memory, and is configured to execute instructions or data in the memory, so as to implement the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect. Optionally, the communication apparatus further includes the memory. Optionally, the communication apparatus further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled with the communication interface.

[0012] In an implementation manner, the communication interface can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface.

[0013] In another implementation manner, the communication apparatus is a chip configured in a network device. When the communication apparatus is a chip configured in a network device, the communication interface can be an input / output interface.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, a processor is provided, which includes an input circuit, an output circuit and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive a signal through the input circuit, and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the processor executes the method in any possible implementation manner of any aspect.

[0015] In the implementation process, the processor can be one or more chips, the input circuit can be an input pin, the output circuit can be an output pin, and the processing circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, various logic circuits, etc. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example but not limited to, a receiver, the output signal output by the output circuit can be output to and transmitted by, for example but not limited to, a transmitter, and the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit which is used as the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0016] In a fifth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which includes a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to read instructions stored in the memory, and is configured to receive signals via a receiver, and transmit signals via a transmitter, to perform the method in any possible implementation of the method in any one of the preceding aspects.

[0017] Optionally, the processor is one or more, and the memory is one or more.

[0018] In a sixth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which includes a computer program (which can also be referred to as code or instructions), and when the computer program is run, the computer program causes a computer to perform the method in any possible implementation of the method in any one of the preceding aspects.

[0019] In a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program (which can also be referred to as code or instructions), and when the computer program is run on a computer, the computer program causes the computer to perform the method in any possible implementation of the method in any one of the preceding aspects.

[0020] In an eighth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a chip system, which includes one or more processors configured to call and run instructions stored in a memory, so that the method in any one of the preceding aspects or any possible implementation of the method is performed. The chip system can be composed of a chip, or can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0021] The chip system can include an input circuit or interface for transmitting information or data, and an output circuit or interface for receiving information or data.

[0022] In a ninth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes the terminal device and the network device described above. Optionally, the communication system can further include other devices in communication with the terminal device and / or the network device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1A structural schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 A flowchart of a compensation method for a nonlinear signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 A flowchart of another compensation method for a nonlinear signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 A flowchart of still another compensation method for a nonlinear signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] The technical solutions provided in the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example, a global system for mobile communications (GSM) system, a general packet radio service (GPRS), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a long term evolution (LTE) system, an LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (TDD), a sidelink communication system, a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication system, a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system or a new radio access technology (NR). The 5G mobile communication system can include a non-standalone (NSA) and / or a standalone (SA). The technical solutions provided in the present application can also be applied to future communication systems. The present application is not limited in this regard.

[0031] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 100 to which embodiments of the present application can be applied. The communication system 100 can include a network device, for example, a network device 110 as shown in FIG. 1. The communication system 100 can also include a terminal device, for example, a terminal device 120 as shown in FIG. 1. The network device 110 and the terminal device 120 can communicate with each other through a wireless link. Figure 1 Figure 1

[0032] Figure 1 One network device 110 and one terminal device 120 are exemplarily shown. Optionally, the communication system 100 can also include a plurality of network devices and / or a plurality of terminal devices.

[0033] ​​The network device in the present application can be a device of a network side such as an access network, a core network device, and the like. The access network device is also sometimes referred to as an access node. The access network device has a wireless transceiving function and is used to communicate with a terminal. The access network device includes, but is not limited to, a base station in the above-mentioned communication system, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5G mobile communication system, an access network device or a module of an access network device in an open RAN (ORAN) system, a satellite in an NTN communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system, and the like. The access network device can also be a module or unit capable of realizing part of the function of a base station. The access network device can be a macro base station, a micro base station or an indoor station, a relay node or a donor node, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Optionally, the access network device can also be a server, a wearable device, or a vehicle-mounted device, and the like. For example, the access network device in vehicle to everything (V2X) technology can be a road side unit (RSU). Multiple access network devices in a communication system can be the same type of base station or different types of base stations. The base station can communicate with the terminal directly or through a relay station. The terminal can communicate with multiple base stations in different access technologies. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form of the access network device. In the present application, the access network device is referred to as a network device.

[0034] In the present application, the device for realizing the function of the network device can be a network device or a device capable of supporting the network device to realize the function, such as a processor, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system, and the like, which can be installed in the network device or used in connection with the network device. In the technical solutions provided in the present application, the device for realizing the function of the network device is taken as an example to describe the technical solutions provided in the present application.

[0035] The terminal device in the present application can be a wireless terminal device capable of receiving network device scheduling and indication information. The wireless terminal device can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, or a handheld device with wireless connection function, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. For example, the terminal device can communicate with one or more core networks or the Internet through a radio access network (RAN). The terminal device can also be referred to as a terminal, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. The terminal device can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), internet of things (IOT), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, remote medical treatment, smart power grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city, or satellite communication, etc. The terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, wearable device, vehicle, aircraft (such as unmanned aerial vehicle, helicopter, airplane), hot air balloon, ship, robot, mechanical arm, or smart home device, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the form of the terminal device.

[0036] In the present application, the device for realizing the function of the terminal device can be a terminal device, or a device capable of supporting the terminal device to realize the function, such as a processor, circuit, chip, chip system, etc., which can be installed in the terminal device or connected with the terminal device for use. In the technical solutions provided in the present application, the device for realizing the function of the terminal device is taken as an example to describe the technical solutions provided in the present application.

[0037] The access network device and / or the terminal can be fixed or mobile. The access network device and / or the terminal can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; can also be deployed on the water surface; can also be deployed on aircraft, balloons and artificial satellites in the air. The application embodiments do not limit the application scenarios of the access network device and the terminal. The access network device and the terminal device can be deployed in the same scenario or different scenarios, for example, the access network device and the terminal device are deployed on land at the same time; or the access network device is deployed on land and the terminal device is deployed on the water surface, etc., which will not be listed one by one.

[0038] In actual application, a terminal can be assisted to implement wireless access by multiple network devices in cooperation, and different network devices respectively implement part of functions of a base station. For example, a network device can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), etc. The CU and the DU can be separately arranged, or can be included in a same network element, for example, a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, for example, included in a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0039] In different systems, the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), the DU, or the RU can also have different names, but a person skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an ORAN system, the CU can also be referred to as an O-CU (open CU), the DU can also be referred to as an O-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be referred to as an O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be referred to as an O-RU. Any of the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), the DU, and the RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module. The CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), the DU, and the RU can implement different protocol layer functions.

[0040] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, first, the terms involved in the present application are briefly explained. Optionally, the explanation of part of the terms can also refer to the explanation in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standard protocol.

[0041] 1. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)

[0042] The MIMO can include single-user MIMO and multi-user MIMO.

[0043] The single-user MIMO can be understood as: multiple parallel data streams occupying the same time-frequency resource are sent to the same terminal device, or are sent by the same terminal device to the network device.

[0044] Multi-user MIMO can be understood as: multiple parallel data quantities occupying the same time-frequency resource are sent to different terminal devices, or the same time-frequency resource is used by different terminal devices to send to a network device. Multi-user MIMO can also be referred to as virtual MIMO.

[0045] 2、Channel

[0046] A channel is a medium or path for signal transmission from a sending end to a receiving end in a communication system, and is a physical carrier for signal energy and information transmission. The core function of the channel is to carry signals and introduce specific transmission characteristics (such as distortion, noise, interference, etc.).

[0047] The type of channel can include an additive white Gaussian noise channel (AWGN) channel and a fading channel.

[0048] Among them, the AWGN channel is an idealized channel type, only considering the superimposed Gaussian white noise in signal transmission, and ignoring other distortion factors (such as multipath, nonlinearity).

[0049] Among them, the fading channel is a channel type in wireless communication caused by random fluctuations in signal amplitude / phase due to multipath propagation and environmental dynamics. The core feature is the time-varying nature of signal quality.

[0050] It should be noted that the compensation method for non-linear signals provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applicable to the scenario of the AWGN channel, and can also be applicable to the scenario of the fading channel, or can also be applicable to the scenario of other types of channels, without limitation.

[0051] It should be understood that the technical terms in the present application are only used as examples and are not limited. For example, as technology evolves, technical terms may also change, and in the case of the same technical meaning, other technical terms should also apply to the present application.

[0052] In the related art, digital pre-distortion is completed at the sending end (or transmitting end) of the signal. For uplink, the transmit power of the transmitting end (such as a terminal device) is usually limited below a certain threshold (i.e., the PA power of the transmitting end is limited) to prevent interference with other communication systems or cause electromagnetic pollution.

[0053] In general, the pre-distortion function (or pre-distortion model) of the digital pre-distortion algorithm is established based on the non-linear model of the PA. The limited PA power of the transmitting end will cause significant changes in the dynamic characteristics of the PA, and the original pre-distortion model may fail, requiring compensation through dynamic model adaptation, feedback circuit optimization, and hardware architecture upgrade.

[0054] However, when processing a large bandwidth signal, the PA linearization process is relatively complex due to oversampling, resulting in high cost and high power consumption of the PA linearization process; and the scheme also needs to train the pre-distortion compensation parameters, increasing the complexity of the system.

[0055] In addition, in the related art, a method of nonlinear interference reconstruction can also be used to eliminate the influence of nonlinearity based on matrix inversion at the receiving end. However, the algorithm of matrix inversion has high computational delay, which is difficult to meet the real-time requirement. Especially when the parameters of digital pre-distortion need to be frequently updated, the high computational delay results in low update efficiency.

[0056] Therefore, the present application provides a compensation method for a nonlinear signal. The method receives a nonlinear signal at the receiving end and compensates for the nonlinear distortion of the nonlinear signal through a designed nonlinear compensation algorithm, which can be used to solve the problem of nonlinear distortion of the nonlinear signal caused by the PA. The method can effectively overcome the problems of complex feedback circuit, high cost and high power consumption of PA linearization caused by oversampling when processing a large bandwidth signal in the prior art. The present application can reduce the cost of PA linearization, improve the efficiency of nonlinear processing, and reduce power consumption.

[0057] The scheme provided by the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the corresponding flowchart. It can be understood that the main devices (such as terminal devices and network devices) in the illustrative flowchart are taken as examples of the execution subject of the interaction to illustrate the method, but the present application does not limit the execution subject of the interaction. For example, the devices (such as terminal devices and network devices) in the illustrative flowchart can also be chips, chip systems, or processors that support the devices to implement the method, and can also be logical modules or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the devices.

[0058] Here, it is uniformly stated that the messages or signaling interactions involved in the interaction process of the embodiments of the present application can use the messages or signaling in the standards or newly introduced messages or signaling, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations.

[0059] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a compensation method 200 for a nonlinear signal according to an embodiment of the present application. It can be understood that Figure 2 the terminal in the method 200 can be Figure 1 any terminal device in the method 200, or can refer to an apparatus (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) in the terminal device. The network device can be Figure 1 any network device in the method 200, or can refer to an apparatus (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) in the network device. As Figure 2 shown, the method 200 includes the following steps:

[0060] S210, the network device acquires N first signals sent by the first terminal. N is a positive integer.

[0061] The first signal is a signal after the power amplifier of the first terminal performs amplification processing. That is, the first signal is a nonlinear signal. For example, the first signal can be a reference signal or a data signal, which is not limited.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the network device acquires N first signals sent by the first terminal, which can be understood as that the first terminal sends N first signals to the network device, and the network device receives N first signals from the first terminal.

[0063] For example, in a single-user MIMO scenario, N first signals are sent by the same terminal device (for example, the first terminal) to the network device, and the network device can receive N first signals sent by the same terminal device (that is, the first terminal). It can be understood that the N first signals occupy the same time-frequency resource.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the network device acquires multiple first signals sent by the first terminal, which can also be understood as that multiple different terminals send M first signals to the network device, and the network device concurrently (or simultaneously) receives the first signal sent by each terminal in the multiple different terminals, thereby acquiring N first signals sent by the first terminal. The first terminal is any terminal in the multiple terminals, that is, the multiple terminals include the first terminal. M≥N, and M is a positive integer.

[0065] For example, in a multi-user MIMO scenario, the network device concurrently (or simultaneously) receives M first signals sent by multiple different terminals through a multi-antenna array. The concurrent reception capability of the network device depends on the spatial division multiplexing technology, which uses the spatial dimension to distinguish the signals of different terminals. That is, in the multi-user MIMO scenario, the network device uses the spatial division multiplexing technology to concurrently receive M first signals sent by multiple different terminals. It can be understood that the M first signals occupy the same time-frequency resource.

[0066] Optionally, in the multi-user MIMO scenario, after the network device concurrently receives M first signals sent by multiple different terminals, the network device performs nonlinear processing on the first signal sent by each terminal, that is, compensates the nonlinear distortion of the first signal sent by each terminal. For example, taking N first signals sent by the first terminal as an example, the network device can continue to perform S220 to compensate the nonlinear distortion of the N first signals of the first terminal.

[0067] S220, the network device compensates the nonlinear distortion of the N first signals by using a first compensation model.

[0068] Nonlinear distortion is used to indicate the nonlinear distortion caused to the N first signals during the amplification process performed by the power amplifier.

[0069] Optionally, the first compensation model can be a generalized memory polynomial (GMP) model, which is a mathematical model that is an inverse function of the nonlinear characteristics of the power amplifier.

[0070] The core mechanism of the generalized memory polynomial model is to compensate for the nonlinearity and memory effect of the power amplifier through mathematical modeling, thereby reducing the in-band distortion and out-of-band spectrum regeneration of the nonlinear signal.

[0071] Optionally, the first compensation model can be any model other than the generalized memory polynomial model. Any model that can compensate for the nonlinear distortion of the nonlinear signal falls within the protection scope of this application. For example, the first compensation model can also be the Volterra series model, the memory polynomial model and its variants (such as non-uniform delay), the quasi-memoryless model (Wiener / Hammerstein), the dynamic bias reduction model, etc., and is not limited thereto.

[0072] It should be noted that the signal input to the power amplifier at the transmitting end is a linear signal, while the signal output from the power amplifier at the transmitting end is a nonlinear signal. In existing technologies, nonlinear processing is performed at the transmitting end (such as a terminal), using a digital preset to inversely distort the linear signal input to the power amplifier at the transmitting end, thereby compensating for the nonlinear characteristics of the power amplifier.

[0073] The solution in this application performs nonlinear processing at the receiving end (i.e., the network device), that is, it performs nonlinear processing on the nonlinear signal received from the terminal at the receiving end. This is not limited by power, thus eliminating the need for feedback circuits and significantly reducing the complexity of nonlinear processing. Furthermore, by performing nonlinear processing at the receiving end, oversampling is not required, which improves the efficiency of nonlinear processing and reduces its cost and power consumption, meeting the development trend of miniaturization and portability of devices (such as terminals).

[0074] The following describes in detail the specific process of how the network device uses the generalized memory polynomial model to compensate for the nonlinear distortion of N first signals in the embodiments of this application, taking the first compensation model as an example.

[0075] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the network device uses a generalized memory polynomial model to compensate for the nonlinear distortion of N first signals, that is, S220 may specifically include:

[0076] S310, the network device extends the N first signals to obtain an extended signal matrix.

[0077] Optionally, the network device can perform generalized polynomial extension on the N first signals to obtain the extended signal matrix.

[0078] Exemplarily, the extended signal matrix satisfies the following expression:

[0079] .

[0080] wherein, represents the extended signal matrix; K represents a non-linear order; M represents a main memory depth, used to represent a signal delay tap number; L represents a cross memory depth, used to represent a long-time memory effect; represents a transposition operation.

[0081] That is, each column of the extended signal matrix is composed of a specific kml combination , and can be represented as:

[0082] .

[0083] wherein each is an N-dimensional vector, and the extended signal matrix has a total of N-dimensional vectors, and therefore the dimension of the extended signal matrix can be represented as: that is, the extended signal matrix includes N rows, including columns.

[0084] As an example, the network device can obtain the extended signal matrix in the following manner.

[0085] Exemplarily, the network device obtains the N first signals, and can convert the N first signals into an N-dimensional first signal sequence (or referred to as a non-linear signal sequence), and the N-dimensional non-linear signal sequence can be represented as:

[0086] .

[0087] wherein, represents the non-linear signal sequence; N represents a length of the non-linear signal sequence; represents an nth non-linear signal in the non-linear signal sequence, ; represents a transposition operation.

[0088] Further, the N-dimensional column vector is constructed using Then, the extended signal matrix can be obtained by an N-dimensional column vector The extended signal matrix can be obtained by constructing a matrix . Wherein, The nth element of the first compensation coefficient can be expressed as:

[0089] ; wherein, denotes modulo N operation, denotes the absolute value operation.

[0090] It should be noted that the above-mentioned way of obtaining the extended signal matrix is only one example of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the present application, and other ways of obtaining the above-mentioned extended signal matrix are within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application.

[0091] In addition, it should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, "sequence" generally refers to a group of discrete signal values arranged in time or space order in signal processing. Among them, if the signal sequence does not satisfy the superposition or proportionality (or uniformity) in the system, it is called a nonlinear signal sequence; if the signal sequence follows the superposition and proportionality (or uniformity) in the system, it is called a linear signal sequence. This is a unified description, and the following will not be repeated.

[0092] S320, the network device determines the first compensation coefficient according to the extended signal matrix.

[0093] Optionally, the network device can determine the compensation coefficient (i.e. the first compensation coefficient) of each row of nonlinear signal according to the extended signal matrix. Exemplarily, the extended signal matrix includes N rows, and the network device determines the compensation coefficient of each row of nonlinear signal in the N rows of nonlinear signals.

[0094] Exemplarily, the network device can use a second-order adaptive algorithm to calculate the compensation coefficient of each row of nonlinear signal in the N rows of nonlinear signals. Of course, the network device can also use high-order polynomial modeling, machine learning model (such as CNN-BiSTM), conditional denoising diffusion model and swarm intelligence optimization algorithm, etc., without limitation. It should be noted that in actual application, the model complexity, real-time requirement and compensation accuracy need to be balanced, and the deep learning or diffusion model is preferred in dynamic channel scenarios.

[0095] For example, the first compensation coefficient satisfies the following expression:

[0096] ;

[0097] Wherein, denotes the compensation coefficient of the nth row of signal in the extended signal matrix, , H is a conjugate transpose operation, and -1 represents an inverse operation, represents a desired linear signal sequence.

[0098] That is, the network device can determine the compensation coefficient of each row of the N rows of nonlinear signals (i.e., the first signals) through the above expression.

[0099] In the above expression, represents a desired linear signal sequence. The desired linear signal sequence refers to an ideal linear signal that is expected to be recovered after compensation by an algorithm or hardware after passing through a nonlinear or lossy system.

[0100] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the desired linear signal sequence is known when the network device first determines the first compensation coefficient. For example, the desired linear signal sequence may be a pilot when the network device first determines the first compensation coefficient. The pilot is a known reference signal inserted in a signal stream in a communication system, which is used for real-time estimation and compensation of channel characteristics (such as fading, noise, multipath effect, etc.) at the receiving end, so as to improve signal demodulation accuracy and system reliability.

[0101] Further, the desired linear signal sequence is the linear signal sequence obtained after the network device compensates the nonlinear distortion of the nonlinear signals in the last time when the network device determines the first compensation coefficient for the second time and thereafter. It is uniformly stated hereinafter and will not be described again.

[0102] S330, the network device compensates the nonlinear distortion of the N first signals by using the first compensation coefficient to obtain N second signals.

[0103] For example, the network device can use the following expression to weight and sum the first compensation coefficient of each row of the first signals in the extended signal matrix to compensate the nonlinear distortion of the N first signals.

[0104] ;

[0105] wherein, represents the nth linear signal in the linear signal sequence, represents the weighted sum of the first compensation coefficient of the nth row of the first signals in the extended signal matrix.

[0106] In S330, the network device weights and sums the first compensation coefficient of each row of the nonlinear signals (i.e., the first signals), which is essentially to offset the nonlinear effect by inverse model construction and dynamic weight adjustment, so as to effectively compensate the nonlinear distortion.

[0107] In summary, by using the scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the compensation coefficients of each row of the nonlinear signals in the extended signals are weighted and summed to compensate for the nonlinear distortion by extending the received nonlinear signals with generalized polynomials, which can effectively overcome the problems of complex hardware circuit, high nonlinear processing cost and high power consumption caused by oversampling when the prior art processes large bandwidth signals, and reduces the cost, power consumption and the like of nonlinear processing.

[0108] In addition, the scheme of the embodiments of the present application can also effectively overcome the problem that the nonlinear compensation effect of the low peak-to-average ratio input signal with high power is not obvious when the prior art performs predistortion processing according to the signal peak value growth factor. The scheme of the present application does not need to perform nonlinear processing according to the peak value growth factor, and expands the range of the nonlinear signals that can be processed.

[0109] Optionally, after the network device performs S330, that is, after the network device compensates the nonlinear distortion of the N first signals with the first compensation coefficients, N second signals are obtained. The N second signals are obtained after compensating the nonlinear distortion of the N first signals. As shown in FIG. 4, the method further includes the following steps: Figure 4

[0110] S410, the network device obtains the bit error rate of the N second signals.

[0111] The bit error rate is a key indicator for measuring the reliability of data transmission in a communication system.

[0112] Optionally, the network device can obtain the bit error rate of the linear signal (i.e., the second signal) in the following two ways.

[0113] Method one, the bit error rate can be derived by combining a mathematical model with channel characteristics.

[0114] For example, the network device first establishes a modulation model, and derives a theoretical formula according to the modulation mode (such as binary phase keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK)). For example, the formula of the bit error rate (BER) of BPSK under AWGN is:

[0115] wherein, is the complementary error function, is the ratio of bit energy to noise power spectral density.

[0116] ​It should be noted that if the channel exists multipath fading or inter-symbol interference, the BER model needs to be corrected by combining the channel impulse response with the equalization algorithm (such as zero-forcing (ZF), minimum mean square error (MMSE)), for example, by analyzing the relationship between the bit error rate curve and the number of receiving antennas to analyze the system performance.

[0117] Method two, the bit error rate can be obtained by actual transmission test.

[0118] For example, the sending end (such as a terminal) generates a pseudo-random binary sequence (such as a pseudo-noise code (PN)) as the original data. The sending end transmits the signal through a linear channel (without nonlinear distortion) and introduces noise or interference (such as AWGN, multipath fading). The receiving end (such as a network device) demodulates the received signal and recovers the bit rate, compares the received data with the original data bit by bit, and counts the number of error bits. For example, the bit error rate can be calculated by the following formula:

[0119] BER = (number of error bits / total number of transmitted bits) x 100%.

[0120] S420, the network device determines whether the bit error rate is less than or equal to a preset threshold.

[0121] For example, if the bit error rate is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the network device outputs N second signals, i.e. outputs the linear signal after nonlinear processing. If the bit error rate is greater than the preset threshold, the network device performs the following steps, such as performing S430.

[0122] S430, the network device determines the expected linear signal sequence.

[0123] It should be noted that the explanation of the expected linear signal sequence and the example of determining the expected linear signal sequence can refer to the related description of S320 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0124] S440, the network device re-determines the first compensation coefficient according to the expected linear signal sequence and the extended signal matrix, and re-uses the first compensation coefficient to compensate for the nonlinear distortion of the N first signals.

[0125] That is, if the bit error rate is greater than the preset threshold, the network device determines the expected linear signal sequence and re-executes S320 and S330 until the bit error rate is less than or equal to the preset threshold, and the network device outputs the linear signal after nonlinear processing.

[0126] It should be noted that in S320, the expected linear signal sequence is known, such as a pilot. In S430, the expected linear signal sequence is the linear signal sequence obtained after compensating the nonlinear distortion of the nonlinear signal in the previous time.

[0127] In the embodiments of the present application, since the behavior characteristics of the power amplifier can change over time, the nonlinearities of the pilot and the subsequent nonlinear signal can not be completely consistent, and therefore the first compensation coefficient is recalculated using the linear signal sequence obtained in the previous time, which is more accurate than the first compensation coefficient calculated by the pilot. Therefore, through the iterative algorithm of S410 to S440, the performance of the nonlinear processing can be improved, and the accuracy of the nonlinear processing can be improved.

[0128] It should be understood that Figures 1 to 4 The flowchart or scenario diagram shown is only for understanding, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the examples shown in the figure. In fact, those skilled in the art can make equivalent transformations based on the examples in the foregoing detailed description to obtain more implementation manners. Figures 1 to 4

[0129] The foregoing detailed description of the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is described in conjunction with Figures 1 to 4 The device embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. It should be understood that the communication device of the embodiments of the present application can perform the various communication methods of the foregoing embodiments of the present application, i.e., the specific working processes of the following various products can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments. Figures 5 to 6 In the foregoing embodiments, the terminal device can perform part or all of the steps in the embodiments; the network device can perform part or all of the steps in the embodiments. These steps or operations are only examples, and the embodiments of the present application can also perform other operations or variations of various operations. In addition, each step can be executed in a different order from that presented in the embodiments, and it is possible that not all operations in the embodiments of the present application are executed. Moreover, the magnitude of the serial number of each step does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0130]

[0131] is a schematic block diagram of the communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 5 Figure 5 ​​As shown, the communication apparatus can comprise a communication module 510. The communication module 510 can implement a corresponding communication function, which can be an internal communication function of the communication apparatus, or a communication function of the communication apparatus and other apparatuses. Alternatively, the communication module 510 can also be referred to as a communication interface or a transceiver module. Alternatively, the communication apparatus further comprises an expansion module 520, a compensation coefficient module 530, a nonlinear processing module 540 and a demodulation judgment module 550. The expansion module 520 to the demodulation judgment module 550 can implement a corresponding processing function.

[0132] Alternatively, the communication apparatus further comprises a storage module, which can be used to store instructions and / or data; each module in the communication apparatus can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module, so that the communication apparatus implements the foregoing method embodiments.

[0133] In a possible design, the communication apparatus can correspond to the network device in the foregoing method embodiments, or be a component (such as a circuit, a chip or a chip system, etc.) configured in the network device. The communication apparatus can be used to execute steps or processes performed by the network device in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0134] For example, the communication module 510 is configured to acquire N first signals sent by a first terminal, the first signal being a signal after amplification processing performed by a power amplifier of the first terminal; and N is a positive integer.

[0135] The nonlinear processing module 540 is configured to compensate for nonlinear distortion of the N first signals by using a first compensation model; the nonlinear distortion is used to indicate nonlinear distortion caused to the N first signals in the amplification processing performed by the power amplifier.

[0136] Optionally, the communication module 510 is specifically configured to receive the N first signals sent by the first terminal.

[0137] Optionally, as shown in the method embodiment, the communication module 510 can comprise a separation module, which is specifically configured to receive M first signals sent by a plurality of terminals, and acquire the N first signals sent by the first terminal from the M first signals. The plurality of terminals comprises the first terminal, and M≥N, M being a positive integer. That is, the separation module can distinguish signals of different terminals by using spatial dimensions by using the spatial division multiplexing technology. Figure 5 It should be noted that, in a single-user MIMO scenario, the network device receives the N first signals sent by the first terminal through the communication module 510. In a multi-user MIMO scenario, the network device receives the M first signals sent by a plurality of different terminals in a concurrent manner by using the spatial division multiplexing technology through the separation module.

[0138]

[0139] ​In addition, the above-mentioned communication module 510 is deployed with a separation module, for example. The communication module 510 can not be deployed with a separation module, and the communication module 510 has a space division multiplexing technology, which distinguishes the signals of different terminals by using the spatial dimension.

[0140] In addition, the above-mentioned communication device includes a module, which is only an example. In actual implementation, the communication device can include more or fewer modules than those shown in the figure, and each module can also have other names as long as it can realize the function of the communication device described in the embodiments of the present application, and is not limited. Figure 5

[0141] Optionally, the communication device can include a communication module and a processing module. The communication module can be used to realize the corresponding communication function, such as receiving a signal light. The processing module can be used to realize the corresponding processing function, such as calculating a compensation coefficient and compensating for nonlinear distortion light.

[0142] Optionally, the extension module 520 can be used to extend the N first signals to obtain an extended signal matrix; the compensation coefficient module 530 can be used to determine a first compensation coefficient according to the extended signal matrix; and the nonlinear processing module 540 can be used to compensate for the nonlinear distortion of the N first signals by using the first compensation coefficient.

[0143] Optionally, the first compensation model is a generalized memory polynomial model, which is a mathematical model that is a reciprocal function of the nonlinear characteristics of the power amplifier.

[0144] Optionally, the extended signal matrix satisfies the following expression:

[0145] ;

[0146] wherein, represents the extended signal matrix; K represents the nonlinear order; M represents the main memory depth, which is used to represent the number of signal delay taps; and L represents the cross-memory depth, which is used to represent the long-time memory effect. represents a transposition operation.

[0147] Optionally, the first compensation coefficient satisfies the following expression:

[0148] ;

[0149] wherein, represents the compensation coefficient of the nth row signal in the extended signal matrix, the extended signal matrix, H represents a conjugate transposition operation, and -1 represents an inverse operation, represents an expected linear signal sequence.

[0150] ​Optionally, the non-linear processing module 540 can perform a weighted sum of the first compensation coefficients of each row of the first signals in the extended signal matrix according to the following expression to compensate for the non-linear distortion of the N first signals.

[0151] ;

[0152] wherein, represents the nth linear signal in the linear signal sequence, represents the weighted sum of the first compensation coefficients of the first signals in the nth row of the extended signal matrix.

[0153] Optionally, the demodulation judging module 550 can be configured to obtain the bit error rate of the N second signals, wherein the N second signals are obtained by compensating for the non-linear distortion of the N first signals. If the bit error rate is less than or equal to a preset threshold, the demodulation judging module 550 determines the expected linear signal sequence. The demodulation judging module 550 re-determines the first compensation coefficients according to the expected linear signal sequence and the extended signal matrix, and re-compensates for the non-linear distortion of the N first signals by using the first compensation coefficients.

[0154] The above is only an example, and the detailed steps or processes can refer to the descriptions of the foregoing embodiments.

[0155] Figure 6 is another schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application. The communication apparatus can be a chip, a chip system, or a processor, etc. of a terminal device or a network device implementing the above method. The communication apparatus can be used to implement the method described in the above method embodiments, and specific implementation can refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0156] As shown in Figure 6 , the communication apparatus can include one or more processors 610, which can also be referred to as processing units or processing modules, and can implement certain control functions. The processor 610 can be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, etc. For example, it can be a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, and the central processing unit can be used to control the communication apparatus (such as a base station, a baseband chip, a user, and a user chip), execute software programs, and process data of the software programs.

[0157] In an optional design, the processor 610 can also store instructions and / or data, which can be executed by the processor 610, so that the communication apparatus executes the method described in the above method embodiments.

[0158] In another alternative design, the communication apparatus can include a communication interface 620 for enabling the receiving and the transmitting. For example, the communication interface 620 can be a transceiver, an interface, an interface circuit, or a transceiver circuit, etc. The transceiver, the interface, the interface circuit, or the transceiver circuit for enabling the receiving and the transmitting can be separate or integrated together. The transceiver, the interface, the interface circuit, or the transceiver circuit can be used for reading and writing codes / data, or the transceiver, the interface, the interface circuit, or the transceiver circuit can be used for signal transmission or delivery.

[0159] Optionally, the communication apparatus can include one or more memories 630, which can store instructions that can be executed by the processor 610 to cause the communication apparatus to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. Optionally, the memory 630 can also store data. Optionally, the processor 610 can also store instructions and / or data. The processor 610 and the memory 630 can be separately arranged or integrated together.

[0160] It should be understood that, in a possible design, the steps in the method embodiments provided in the present application can be completed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in the processor or instructions in the form of software. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as being completed by a hardware processor, or being completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software modules can be located in random access memories, flash memories, read-only memories, programmable read-only memories, electrically erasable programmable memories, registers, or other mature storage mediums in the art. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads information in the memory and combines hardware to complete the steps of the above method. To avoid repetition, they will not be described in detail here.

[0161] In an implementation, the communication apparatus can correspond to the terminal device in the above method embodiments, and can be used to execute the steps and / or procedures performed by the terminal device in the above method embodiments. The processor 610 can be used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 630, and when the processor 610 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 610 is used to execute the steps and / or procedures of the above method embodiments corresponding to the terminal device.

[0162] In another implementation, the communication apparatus can correspond to the network device in the above method embodiments, and can be used to execute the steps and / or procedures performed by the network device in the above method embodiments. The processor 610 can be used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 630, and when the processor 610 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 610 is used to execute the steps and / or procedures of the above method embodiments corresponding to the network device.

[0163] It should be understood that the above-mentioned processing device can be one or more chips. For example, the processing device can be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), can be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), can also be a system on chip (SoC), can also be a central processor unit (CPU), can also be a network processor (NP), can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), can also be a micro controller unit (MCU), can also be a programmable logic device (PLD) or other integrated chip.

[0164] It can be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application can be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or can include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically EPROM (EEPROM) or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a random access memory (RAM) used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM) and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the system and method described herein is intended to include, but not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0165] According to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a chip system, which comprises one or more processors, and is configured to call and run instructions stored in a memory, so that the method provided in the embodiments of the present application is executed. The chip system can be composed of a chip, or can comprise a chip and other discrete devices.

[0166] The chip system can comprise an input circuit or interface configured to send information or data, and an output circuit or interface configured to receive information or data.

[0167] According to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a communication system, which comprises the network device and the terminal device described above.

[0168] According to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a computer program product, which comprises computer program codes, and when the computer program codes are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute each step or flow of the network device and the terminal device in any of the method embodiments described above.

[0169] According to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores program codes, and when the program codes are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute each step or flow of the network device and the terminal device in any of the method embodiments described above.

[0170] The computer readable storage medium can be the volatile memory or the non-volatile memory described above, or can comprise both the volatile memory and the non-volatile memory.

[0171] In the embodiments of the present application, each term and English abbreviation is an exemplary example given for convenience of description, and should not constitute any limitation on the present application. The present application does not exclude the possibility of defining other terms capable of achieving the same or similar functions in the existing or future protocols.

[0172] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be realized by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When realized by software, all or part of the embodiments can be realized in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product comprises one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated.

[0173] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other manners. For example, the division of the above-described device embodiment is only a logical function division, and there can be another division manner for actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections between different units, or the among different units, can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0174] It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence of the processes does not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of the processes should be determined according to the functions and the inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0175] In summary, the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the technical scheme of the present application, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of compensating for non-linear signals, characterized in that, The method is applied to a network device, and comprises the following steps: obtaining N first signals sent by a first terminal; the first signals are signals after amplification processing performed by a power amplifier of the first terminal; N is a positive integer; extending the N first signals to obtain an extended signal matrix; determining a first compensation coefficient according to the extended signal matrix; compensating nonlinear distortion of the N first signals by using the first compensation coefficient to obtain N second signals; obtaining a bit error rate of the N second signals; if the bit error rate is less than or equal to a preset threshold, determining an expected linear signal sequence; redetermining the first compensation coefficient according to the expected linear signal sequence and the extended signal matrix, and recompensating the nonlinear distortion of the N first signals by using the first compensation coefficient.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first compensation model is a generalized memory polynomial model, and the generalized memory polynomial model is a mathematical model that is reciprocal to a nonlinear characteristic of the power amplifier.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the extended signal matrix satisfies the following expression:

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first compensation coefficient satisfies the following expression: The compensation of the nonlinear distortion of the N first signals by using the first compensation coefficient comprises: ； wherein, represents an extended signal matrix, each column of which is composed of a specific kml combination of K represents the nonlinearity order; M represents the main memory depth, used to represent the number of signal delay taps; L represents the cross memory depth, used to represent the long-time memory effect; represents the transpose operation. performing weighted summation on the first compensation coefficients of each row of the first signals in the extended signal matrix to compensate the nonlinear distortion of the N first signals by using the following expression: The obtaining of the N first signals sent by the first terminal comprises: ； wherein denotes the compensation coefficient of the nth row signal in the extended signal matrix, denotes the compensation coefficient of the nth row signal in the extended signal matrix, denotes the desired linear signal sequence.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, receiving the N first signals sent by the first terminal; or receiving M first signals sent by a plurality of terminals, and obtaining the N first signals sent by the first terminal from the M first signals; wherein the plurality of terminals comprise the first terminal, M≥N, and M is a positive integer. ； wherein denotes the n-th linear signal in the linear signal sequence, denotes a first compensation coefficient weighted sum of the first signals of the n-th row in the extended signal matrix.

6. The method of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein, The communication device comprises at least one processor coupled with a memory, and the memory stores programs or instructions; the processor executes the programs or instructions to enable the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 1-6. The computer programs or instructions, when executed, enable the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-6. The communication device of claim 7.

7. A communication device, characterized by The chip system comprises one or more processors for calling and running instructions stored in the memory, so that the method of any one of claims 1-6 is executed.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions, wherein, ​ 9. A communication system, characterized by ​ 10. A chip system, characterized by ​

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