A molten catalyst for producing carbon from sludge cracking gas and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a molten catalyst for producing carbon materials from sludge cracking gas, as well as its preparation method and application, belonging to the technical field of oily sludge treatment. The present invention first utilizes metallic Al and metallic Sn as raw materials to prepare a catalyst; the oily sludge is first dried and reacted to generate hydrocarbon gas, and then the hydrocarbon gas reacts with the molten catalyst to generate a carbon material. The preparation method of the present invention achieves a high yield of carbon material and can be used as a fluid loss reducer for drilling fluids, with a fluid loss of less than 6 mL, thereby ensuring the stability of the drilling fluid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of oily sludge treatment, and in particular relates to a molten catalyst for preparing carbon materials from sludge cracking gas, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Proper disposal of oily mud is a crucial task in the oil extraction industry. With the continuous improvement of environmental protection standards and the deepening public awareness of environmental issues, the proper handling of oily mud has become an issue that all companies must pay attention to. Currently, oily mud treatment technologies cover a wide range of areas, including physical separation, chemical treatment, biodegradation, thermal treatment, and solidification and stabilization. Despite this diverse range of treatment methods, many challenges remain in practice. The primary challenge is the high cost of treatment, which is particularly problematic for small oilfields or projects located in remote areas. Furthermore, treatment effectiveness is directly affected by mud composition, and different types of oily mud require different treatment strategies, placing higher demands on the selection and optimization of technical solutions. Notably, some treatment processes may generate new wastes or byproducts, which also require appropriate treatment to meet environmental requirements. With increasingly stringent regulations, ensuring that treated mud meets emission standards has become a pressing issue. Therefore, future developments in oily mud treatment technologies will strive to achieve higher efficiency, lower costs, and improved environmental compatibility. At the same time, accelerating the research and application of new treatment technologies to adapt to the ever-increasing environmental protection standards will become a key development direction in this field.

[0003] Molten metal catalysts can offer high catalytic activity under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. This is because the metal in its liquid state has a large contact area, allowing for more efficient contact with the reactants. They can also significantly improve the selectivity of the target product and reduce the occurrence of side reactions. However, the use of molten metal catalysts also faces challenges, such as safety concerns during high-temperature operation, high requirements for equipment and materials, reliance on external hydrogen supply, and potential environmental pollution. Therefore, the decision to adopt such catalysts in practical applications requires comprehensive consideration of various factors. With the continuous growth of global energy demand, the extraction of oil and natural gas has become a key energy strategy. Water-based drilling fluids are widely used in deep and ultra-deep well drilling due to their environmental friendliness and cost-effectiveness. However, high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-salinity environments place higher demands on the stability and performance of water-based drilling fluids. Fluid loss control is a key factor in ensuring smooth drilling operations. During drilling, the use of fluid loss reducers can effectively reduce the loss of drilling fluid into the formation, maintain the stability and fluidity of the drilling fluid, and thus improve drilling speed and efficiency. Carbon materials, due to their unique physical and chemical properties (such as high specific surface area and excellent adsorption properties), can effectively reduce fluid loss. By reducing the leakage of liquid components in drilling fluids into the formation, damage to the formation structure can be avoided or mitigated, preventing formation contamination. This is important for protecting the original state of oil and gas reservoirs and maintaining their production capacity. Carbon materials have a low impact on the environment after use due to their easy biodegradation and low environmental impact, which is in line with the development trend of green drilling. Although some high-performance carbon materials are relatively expensive, considering factors such as their ability to significantly improve drilling efficiency, reduce environmental pollution, and potentially reduce subsequent processing costs, their use may be a more economical option in the long run. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention discloses a molten catalyst for producing carbon materials from sludge cracking gas, and its preparation method and application, to solve the technical problems of the prior art of using the molten metal method to treat oily sludge, such as complex operating process, high cost and low resource utilization rate of the treated products.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge pyrolysis gas, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1: mixing and smelting the cleaned Al and Sn to obtain an Al-Sn alloy;

[0007] S2: Soak the Al-Sn alloy in a saturated potassium hydroxide solution for 5 to 9 hours and then dry it;

[0008] S3: The dried Al-Sn alloy is immersed in a metal salt at 300-500° C. for 4-8 hours to obtain the alloy; the metal salt includes iron nitrate, nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S1, the cleaning method is to sequentially clean Al and Sn with acetone, ethanol and deionized water; the mass ratio of Al to Sn is 30-60:30-60; and the smelting temperature is 600-650°C.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S2, the drying temperature is 60-70° C., and the drying time is 3-3.2 h.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S3, the mass ratio of the Al-Sn alloy to the metal salt is 1:1-20; and the mass ratio of iron nitrate, nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate in the metal salt is 3:4:4.

[0013] The invention also discloses the use of a sludge cracking gas carbon material preparation melting catalyst in preparing carbon materials using sludge.

[0014] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0015] The preparation of carbon materials is carried out using a carbon material preparation device, which includes a drying reaction chamber, a molten metal reaction pool, an oil-water sludge tank, and a dry sludge chamber; the drying reaction chamber is provided with a nozzle, an air inlet, and an air outlet; the bottom of the drying reaction chamber is connected to the dry sludge chamber through a spiral conveyor belt; the drying reaction chamber is provided with a gravity detector and a humidity sensor; the oil-water sludge tank is connected to the nozzle through a pipeline provided with a pump; the air outlet and the gas storage tank are connected through a pipeline, and the gas storage tank and the molten metal reaction pool are connected through a pipeline provided with a flow meter; an explosion disk is provided at the end of the pipeline in the molten metal reaction pool, and a carbon storage chamber and a rotating blade are provided inside the molten metal reaction pool, and the height of the rotating blade is higher than the carbon storage chamber;

[0016] The preparation of carbon materials includes the following steps:

[0017] (1): Preheat the drying reaction chamber to 200°C, then introduce water vapor into the drying reaction chamber through the air inlet, with a total water vapor flow rate of 20~40L;

[0018] (II): The oily sludge in the oily-water sludge tank is pumped and enters the drying reaction chamber through a nozzle. The quality of the oily sludge in the drying reaction chamber is monitored by a gravity detector, and the humidity of the oily sludge is monitored by a humidity sensor. The oily sludge undergoes a drying reaction at 200°C. The hydrocarbon gas produced by the drying reaction enters the gas storage tank through the gas outlet. The dry material produced by the drying reaction is transported to the dry sludge chamber through a spiral conveyor belt.

[0019] (III): Place the molten catalyst of sludge cracking gas carbon material at the bottom of the molten metal reaction tank, preheat the molten metal reaction tank to 600~900℃, and then pass the hydrocarbon gas in the gas storage tank through the flow meter at a flow rate of 2~8L / min through the end of the conduit. After passing through the degassing disk, it reacts with the molten liquid catalyst in the form of small bubbles, and the reaction generates carbon with a density lower than that of the molten catalyst. The carbon then floats up and is collected by rotating blades into the carbon storage bin.

[0020] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0021] Furthermore, the flow rate of water vapor is 2~5L / min.

[0022] Furthermore, the pump is turned off when the mass of the oily mud in the drying reaction chamber is greater than 50 kg; the drying reaction is terminated when the humidity of the oily mud is less than 10%; and the rotating blade speed is 10 r / min.

[0023] Furthermore, the number of nozzles is 12, and the nozzles are arranged on the top of the drying reaction chamber; the length of the pipeline provided with the flow meter extending into the molten metal reaction pool is 7 / 10 of the height of the molten metal reaction pool.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. The present invention realizes resource utilization of oily mud, reduces process flow, reduces processing costs, and improves the economic value of oily mud. In the method of preparing carbon materials using catalysts, no exogenous hydrogen input is required, and the product carbon and liquid metal are easily separated, avoiding the risk of secondary pollution.

[0026] 2. The carbon material prepared in the present invention has a thickness of 8-10 nm and can be used as a fluid loss reducer for water-based drilling fluids, with a fluid loss of less than 6 mL. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction device structure for preparing carbon materials using oily sludge;

[0028] Among them, 1. Drying reaction chamber; 2. Molten metal reaction tank; 3. Oil-water sludge tank; 4. Dry sludge bin; 5. Pump; 6. Gas storage tank; 7. Flow meter; 21. Explosion disk; 22. Carbon storage bin; 23. Rotating blades; 111. Nozzle; 112. Air inlet; 113. Air outlet; 114. Spiral conveyor belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The structure of the reaction device for preparing carbon materials from oily sludge in the present invention is as follows: Figure 1As shown, it includes a drying reaction chamber 1, a molten metal reaction tank 2, an oil-water sludge tank 3, and a dry sludge chamber 4; 12 nozzles 111 are provided on the top of the drying reaction chamber 1; an air inlet 112 and an air outlet 113 are provided on the side wall of the drying reaction chamber 1; the bottom of the drying reaction chamber 1 is connected to the dry sludge chamber 4 through a spiral conveyor belt 114; a gravity detector is provided between the chamber body and the base of the drying reaction chamber to monitor the quality of the oil-containing sludge in the chamber; a humidity sensor is provided on the side wall of the drying reaction chamber 1 to detect water vapor humidity; the oil-water sludge tank 3 and the nozzle 111 are connected by a spiral conveyor belt 114. The pipeline of the pump 5 is connected; the air outlet 113 and the gas storage tank 6 are connected through a pipeline, and the gas storage tank 6 and the molten metal reaction pool 2 are connected through a pipeline provided with a flow meter 7; the pipeline provided with the flow meter 7 extends into the interior of the molten metal reaction pool 2, and the length of this part of the pipeline is 7 / 10 of the height of the molten metal reaction pool 2, and an explosion disk 21 is provided at the end of the pipeline; a carbon storage bin 22 and a rotating blade 23 are provided inside the molten metal reaction pool 2, and the internal pipeline of the molten metal reaction pool 2 radially penetrates the driving shaft of the rotating blade 23, and the height of the rotating blade 23 is higher than the carbon storage bin 22.

[0030] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A method for preparing carbon materials using oily sludge, the method comprising the following steps:

[0033] ① Preparation of molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge pyrolysis gas

[0034] S1: 30 parts by mass of Al and 60 parts by mass of Sn are washed with acetone, ethanol, and deionized water in sequence to remove organic pollutants on the metal surface. The washed Al and Sn are then added to a melting furnace in sequence and smelted at 600°C. After the Al and Sn are fully melted, stirring is continued until the alloy surface is completely shiny. After cooling, an Al-Sn alloy is obtained.

[0035] S2: Al-Sn alloy was immersed in saturated potassium hydroxide solution for 5 h for alkaline corrosion, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 60 ° C for 3 h;

[0036] S3: The dried Al-Sn alloy is immersed in a metal salt (iron nitrate, nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate in a mass ratio of 3:4:4) at 350° C. for 4 hours to obtain the obtained product; the mass ratio of the Al-Sn alloy to the metal salt is 1:1-10.

[0037] ② Using sludge cracking gas to produce carbon materials by melting catalyst to prepare carbon materials

[0038] (1) Using an arched solar panel to collect heat from the drying reaction chamber 1, the drying reaction chamber is preheated to 200°C. Water vapor is then introduced into the drying reaction chamber 1 through the air inlet 112 at a flow rate of 5 L / min, with a total water vapor flow rate of 40 L.

[0039] (2): The oily sludge in the oily-water sludge tank 3 passes through the pump 5 and enters the drying reaction chamber 1 through the nozzle 111. The mass of the oily sludge in the drying reaction chamber 1 is monitored by a gravity detector. When the mass of the oily sludge reaches 50 kg, the pump 5 is turned off. The oily sludge is subjected to a drying reaction at 200° C. The humidity of the oily sludge is monitored by a humidity sensor. When the humidity of the oily sludge reaches 9%, the drying reaction is terminated. The hydrocarbon gas generated by the drying reaction enters the gas storage tank 6 through the gas outlet 113. The dry material generated by the drying reaction is conveyed to the dry sludge chamber 4 through the spiral conveyor 114. The above process in step (2) is cyclically operated;

[0040] (III): The molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge cracking gas is placed at the bottom of the molten metal reaction pool 2, and the molten metal reaction pool 2 is collected by an arched solar panel to preheat the molten metal reaction pool 2 to 700°C. After the molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge cracking gas is in liquid form, the hydrocarbon gas in the gas storage tank 6 is passed through the flow meter 7 at a flow rate of 3L / min through the end of the conduit, and reacts with the liquid molten catalyst in the form of small bubbles after passing through the degassing disk 21. The reaction generates carbon with a density lower than that of the molten catalyst, and then the carbon floats up and is collected by the rotating blades 23 into the carbon storage bin 22. The rotating blade speed is 10r / min.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A method for preparing carbon material using oily sludge, the method comprising the following steps:

[0043] ① Preparation of molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge pyrolysis gas

[0044] S1: 60 parts by mass of Al and 30 parts by mass of Sn are washed with acetone, ethanol, and deionized water in sequence to remove organic pollutants on the metal surface. The washed Al and Sn are then added to a melting furnace in sequence and smelted at 650°C. After the Al and Sn are fully melted, stirring is continued until the alloy surface is completely shiny. After cooling, an Al-Sn alloy is obtained.

[0045] S2: Al-Sn alloy was immersed in saturated potassium hydroxide solution for 9 h for alkaline corrosion, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 70 °C for 3.2 h;

[0046] S3: The dried Al-Sn alloy is immersed in a metal salt (iron nitrate, nickel nitrate, and cobalt nitrate in a mass ratio of 3:4:4) at 300° C. for 8 hours to obtain the obtained product; the mass ratio of the Al-Sn alloy to the metal salt is 1:1 to 15.

[0047] ② Using sludge cracking gas to produce carbon materials by melting catalyst to prepare carbon materials

[0048] (1) Using an arched solar panel to collect heat from the drying reaction chamber 1, the drying reaction chamber is preheated to 200°C. Water vapor is then introduced into the drying reaction chamber 1 through the air inlet 112 at a flow rate of 2 L / min, with a total water vapor flow rate of 30 L.

[0049] (2): The oily sludge in the oily-water sludge tank 3 passes through the pump 5 and enters the drying reaction chamber 1 through the nozzle 111. The mass of the oily sludge in the drying reaction chamber 1 is monitored by a gravity detector. When the mass of the oily sludge reaches 50 kg, the pump 5 is turned off. The oily sludge is subjected to a drying reaction at 200° C. The humidity of the oily sludge is monitored by a humidity sensor. When the humidity of the oily sludge reaches 9%, the drying reaction is terminated. The hydrocarbon gas generated by the drying reaction enters the gas storage tank 6 through the gas outlet 113. The dry material generated by the drying reaction is conveyed to the dry sludge chamber 4 through the spiral conveyor 114. The above process in step (2) is cyclically operated;

[0050] (III): The molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge cracking gas is placed at the bottom of the molten metal reaction pool 2, and the molten metal reaction pool 2 is preheated to 600°C by using an arched solar panel to collect heat. After the molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge cracking gas is in liquid form, the hydrocarbon gas in the gas storage tank 6 is passed through the flow meter 7 at a flow rate of 2L / min through the end of the conduit, and reacts with the liquid molten catalyst in the form of small bubbles after passing through the degassing disk 21. The reaction generates carbon with a density lower than that of the molten catalyst, and then the carbon floats up and is collected by the rotating blades 23 into the carbon storage bin 22. The rotating blade speed is 10r / min.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] A method for preparing carbon material using oily sludge, the method comprising the following steps:

[0053] ① Preparation of molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge pyrolysis gas

[0054] S1: Take 50 parts by mass of Al and 50 parts by mass of Sn and wash them with acetone, ethanol and deionized water in sequence to remove organic pollutants on the metal surface. Then add the washed Al and Sn into a melting furnace in sequence and melt them at 600°C. After the Al and Sn are fully melted, continue stirring until the surface of the alloy is completely bright. After cooling, obtain Al-Sn alloy;

[0055] S2: Al-Sn alloy was immersed in saturated potassium hydroxide solution for 7 h for alkaline corrosion, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 60 ° C for 3 h;

[0056] S3: The dried Al-Sn alloy is immersed in a metal salt (iron nitrate, nickel nitrate, and cobalt nitrate in a mass ratio of 3:4:4) at 500° C. for 6 hours to obtain the obtained product; the mass ratio of the Al-Sn alloy to the metal salt is 1:1 to 20.

[0057] ② Using sludge cracking gas to produce carbon materials by melting catalyst to prepare carbon materials

[0058] (1) Using an arched solar panel to collect heat from the drying reaction chamber 1, the drying reaction chamber is preheated to 200°C. Water vapor is then introduced into the drying reaction chamber 1 through the air inlet 112 at a flow rate of 3 L / min, with a total water vapor flow rate of 20 L.

[0059] (2): The oily sludge in the oily-water sludge tank 3 passes through the pump 5 and enters the drying reaction chamber 1 through the nozzle 111. The mass of the oily sludge in the drying reaction chamber 1 is monitored by a gravity detector. When the mass of the oily sludge reaches 50 kg, the pump 5 is turned off. The oily sludge is subjected to a drying reaction at 200° C. The humidity of the oily sludge is monitored by a humidity sensor. When the humidity of the oily sludge reaches 9%, the drying reaction is terminated. The hydrocarbon gas generated by the drying reaction enters the gas storage tank 6 through the gas outlet 113. The dry material generated by the drying reaction is conveyed to the dry sludge chamber 4 through the spiral conveyor 114. The above process in step (2) is cyclically operated;

[0060] (III): The molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge cracking gas is placed at the bottom of the molten metal reaction pool 2, and the molten metal reaction pool 2 is preheated to 900°C by using an arched solar panel to collect heat. After the molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge cracking gas is in liquid form, the hydrocarbon gas in the gas storage tank 6 is passed through the flow meter 7 at a flow rate of 8 L / min through the end of the conduit, and reacts with the liquid molten catalyst in the form of small bubbles after passing through the degassing disk 21. The reaction generates carbon with a density lower than that of the molten catalyst, and then the carbon floats up and is collected by the rotating blades 23 into the carbon storage bin 22. The rotating blade speed is 10 r / min.

[0061] Comparative Example

[0062] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the total water vapor flow rate in step (1) is 10 L.

[0063] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that in step (iii), the molten metal reaction pool 2 is preheated to 500°C.

[0064] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that the flow rate of the hydrocarbon gas in step (iii) is 10 L / min.

[0065] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that step S3 is omitted when preparing the molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge cracking gas.

[0066] The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that only 90 parts by mass of Al are used to prepare the catalyst.

[0067] The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 1 is that when preparing the molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge cracking gas, the Al-Sn alloy is immersed in the saturated potassium hydroxide solution for 2 hours in step S2.

[0068] The difference between Comparative Example 7 and Example 1 is that when preparing the molten catalyst for producing carbon materials from sludge cracking gas, the dried Al-Sn alloy is impregnated in a metal salt at 800° C. in step S3 .

[0069] The difference between Comparative Example 8 and Example 1 is that when preparing the molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge cracking gas, the mass ratio of iron nitrate, nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate in the metal salt in step S3 is 2:1:7.

[0070] Experimental example

[0071] ① The statistical results of the output and thickness of the carbon materials prepared in each embodiment and comparative example are shown in Table 1.

[0072] Table 1

[0073]

[0074] It can be seen from Table 1 that the carbon production in the embodiment is significantly higher than that in the comparative example during the same period of time, and the thickness of the carbon product is also significantly smaller than that in the comparative example.

[0075] ② The carbon materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples were used as fluid loss reducers for water-based drilling fluids. The results of the fluid loss after 30 minutes are shown in Table 2.

[0076] Table 2

[0077]

[0078] It can also be seen from Table 2 that when the carbon material prepared in the embodiment is used as a fluid loss reducer, its fluid loss is small, which can ensure the stability of the drilling fluid.

[0079] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Within the scope described by the claims, various modifications and variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work still fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge pyrolysis gas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: mixing and smelting the cleaned Al and Sn to obtain an Al-Sn alloy; S2: soaking the Al-Sn alloy in a saturated potassium hydroxide solution for 5 to 9 hours, and then drying; S3: The dried Al-Sn alloy is immersed in a metal salt at 300-500° C. for 4-8 hours to obtain the alloy; the metal salt comprises ferric nitrate, nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate; the mass ratio of the Al-Sn alloy to the metal salt is 1:1-20; and the mass ratio of ferric nitrate, nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate in the metal salt is 3:4:

4.

2. The method for preparing a molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge pyrolysis gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the cleaning method is to clean Al and Sn with acetone, ethanol and deionized water in sequence; the mass ratio of Al to Sn is 30-60:30-60; and the melting temperature is 600-650°C.

3. The method for preparing a molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge pyrolysis gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the drying temperature is 60-70° C., and the drying time is 3-3.2 hours.

4. A molten catalyst for carbon production from sludge pyrolysis gas obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. Use of the sludge cracking gas carbon material melting catalyst according to claim 4 in preparing carbon materials using oily sludge.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that The carbon material is prepared using a carbon material preparation device, which comprises a drying reaction chamber (1), a molten metal reaction pool (2), an oil-water sludge tank (3), and a dry sludge chamber (4); the drying reaction chamber (1) is provided with a nozzle (111), an air inlet (112), and an air outlet (113); the bottom of the drying reaction chamber (1) is connected to the dry sludge chamber (4) via a spiral conveyor belt (114); the drying reaction chamber (1) is provided with a gravity detector and a humidity sensor; the oil-water sludge tank ( 3) is connected to the nozzle (111) through a pipeline provided with a pump (5); the gas outlet (113) and the gas storage tank (6) are connected through a pipeline, and the gas storage tank (6) and the molten metal reaction pool (2) are connected through a pipeline provided with a flow meter (7); an explosion disk (21) is provided at the end of the pipeline in the molten metal reaction pool (2), and a carbon storage bin (22) and a rotating blade (23) are provided inside the molten metal reaction pool (2); the height of the rotating blade (23) is higher than that of the carbon storage bin (22); The preparation of carbon materials includes the following steps: (i) The drying reaction chamber (1) is preheated to 200° C., and then water vapor is introduced into the drying reaction chamber (1) through the air inlet (112), with a total water vapor flow rate of 20 to 40 L; (ii) The oily sludge in the oily sludge tank (3) passes through the pump (5) and the nozzle (111) into the drying reaction chamber (1). The mass of the oily sludge in the drying reaction chamber (1) is monitored by a gravity detector, and the humidity of the oily sludge is monitored by a humidity sensor. The oily sludge is subjected to a drying reaction at 200°C. The hydrocarbon gas generated by the drying reaction enters the gas storage tank (6) through the gas outlet (113). The dry material generated by the drying reaction is conveyed to the dry sludge chamber (4) by a spiral conveyor belt (114). (III): The molten catalyst of the sludge cracking gas carbon-making material is placed at the bottom of the molten metal reaction pool (2), and the molten metal reaction pool (2) is preheated to 600-900°C. Then, the hydrocarbon gas in the gas storage tank (6) passes through the end of the conduit at a flow rate of 2-8 L / min through the flow meter (7), and reacts with the molten catalyst of the sludge cracking gas carbon-making material in the form of small bubbles after passing through the explosion disk (21). The reaction generates carbon with a density lower than that of the molten catalyst of the sludge cracking gas carbon-making material, and then the carbon floats up and is collected by the rotating blades (23) into the carbon storage bin (22).

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow rate of water vapor is 2~5L / min.

8. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pump (5) is turned off when the mass of the oily mud in the drying reaction chamber (1) is greater than 50 kg; the drying reaction is terminated when the humidity of the oily mud is less than 10%; and the rotating blade speed is 10 r / min.

9. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of nozzles (111) is 12, and the nozzles (111) are arranged at the top of the drying reaction chamber (1); the length of the pipeline provided with the flow meter (7) extending into the molten metal reaction pool (2) is 7 / 10 of the height of the molten metal reaction pool (2).

Images