Complete removal device for back plate of photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention relates to a photovoltaic module backboard complete removal device. The photovoltaic module backboard complete removal device mainly comprises a heating unit, a laser scribing cutting unit, a scraper knife clamping unit and a push rod separation unit. When the device works, the heating unit is firstly started to heat and soften an adhesive film, the laser scribing and cutting unit performs laser scribing and cutting on a photovoltaic back plate from the short edge of a photovoltaic laminated piece without a frame and a junction box after heating, the lower clamp claw is shoveled in from a cutting position after scribing and cutting are completed, and the photovoltaic back plate is clamped and pressed in cooperation with the clamp claw after shoveling in. After clamping, the whole scraper knife clamping unit moves upwards and is lifted, then the push rod enters the included angle between the photovoltaic back plate and the glass face, abuts against the photovoltaic back plate and then continues to advance, and stripping of the photovoltaic back plate is accelerated. Compared with the prior art, the device provided by the invention has the advantages that the tearing action can be disassembled into a horizontal pushing direction and a vertical lifting direction, so that the back plate can be uniformly stressed, and the integrity of the back plate is ensured to the greatest extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module recycling, and in particular to a device for completely removing a photovoltaic module back sheet. Background Art

[0002] The resource utilization and green recycling of retired photovoltaic modules has become a hot topic. Due to the tightness of the cross-linked photovoltaic film, traditional direct pyrolysis will bring environmental problems, making it difficult to handle fluorine-containing photovoltaic backsheets separately. The torn waste photovoltaic panels have a certain tension and strength, making it difficult to be completely rolled up.

[0003] For example, CN116159841A discloses a disassembly system and method for recycling photovoltaic modules, including a junction box removal device, a frame removal device, a back panel edge raising device, a first heating device, a back panel peeling device, a second heating device and a battery cell removal device, so as to realize the automatic removal of the junction box, the frame, the back panel and the battery cell. However, the photovoltaic module recycling disassembly system in CN116159841A has three stations for the back panel removal process, namely heating-cutting-removal, which occupies a large area, has a complex process and a low removal efficiency. The tunnel kiln is used for heating, but the two ends of the tunnel kiln cannot be completely sealed, resulting in a large heat loss, and the back panel is generally The tearing temperature is around 100-200℃, and the whole plate of heated glass will also absorb a lot of heat and generate unnecessary energy consumption. The use of tunnel kilns is costly, occupies a large area, and consumes a lot of energy. The split clamps will cause uneven force, and the backboard will be partially torn during the tearing process. The double roller clamping and then rotating tearing process is adopted. The rollers are easy to slip between the rotating rollers and the backboard, and the backboard has a certain hardness and irregular deformation after heating, making it difficult to roll up and cut the material. The edge is directly scraped with a spatula, but in the actual process, because there are no battery cells and welding strips at the edge of the photovoltaic module, its thickness is thinner, and the backboard is tightly attached to the glass, making it difficult to shovel in from the edge to start the edge.

[0004] Based on this situation, there is an urgent need for a complete removal device for the back panel of a photovoltaic module. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for completely removing the back panel of a photovoltaic module in order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art. By setting an upper clamp claw, a lower clamp claw and a vertical clamp adjustment assembly, the tearing action can be disassembled into two directions: horizontal pushing and vertical pulling. The photovoltaic back panel can be evenly stressed, and the integrity of the photovoltaic back panel can be guaranteed to the greatest extent. Heating-cutting-removal is integrated on the same work station, which is conducive to improving the removal efficiency.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: The object of the present invention is to provide a device for completely removing the backsheet of a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic backsheet, a photovoltaic glass and a cell layer connected to the photovoltaic backsheet. The device for completely removing the backsheet of the photovoltaic module is used to strip the photovoltaic backsheet from the photovoltaic module. The device for completely removing the backsheet of the photovoltaic module includes a heating unit, a laser scribing and cutting unit, a blade clamping unit, a push rod separating unit and a truss; the heating unit, the laser scribing and cutting unit, the blade clamping unit and the push rod separating unit are all connected to the truss; the heating unit is arranged in front of the advancing direction of the push rod, and the heating unit is used to heat the photovoltaic module; the blade clamping unit includes an upper clamping jaw, a lower clamping jaw and a fixture adjusting component, and the stripped photovoltaic backsheet is clamped between the upper clamping jaw and the lower clamping jaw; the upper clamping jaw is connected to the fixture adjusting component; the lower clamping jaw is connected to the fixture adjusting component; the push rod separating unit includes a push rod, and the push rod is arranged between the photovoltaic backsheet and the photovoltaic glass and the cell layer, and the push rod is used to push the photovoltaic backsheet to accelerate and completely strip; the laser scribing and cutting unit is used to identify and position the photovoltaic module, determine the starting edge position of the laser scribing, the cutting position of the lower clamping jaw and the advancing distance of the push rod, and laser scribe and cut the photovoltaic backsheet.

[0007] Further, the heating unit is selected from one of a heating wire hot air heating unit and a hot steam heating unit.

[0008] Further, the heating unit performs strip-shaped local heating.

[0009] Further, the heating temperature of the heating unit is 100°C to 200°C.

[0010] Further, the heating position of the heating unit starts from the short side of the photovoltaic backsheet and advances in the advancing direction of the push rod for continuous moving heating. The heating time when the heating unit advances a distance equal to the width of the heating unit each time is 30 to 60 seconds.

[0011] Further, the heating units are all strip-shaped; the length of the heating unit is basically the same as the width of the photovoltaic module, and the width of the heating unit is 1 / 20 to 1 / 5 of the length of the photovoltaic module.

[0012] Further, the laser scribing and cutting unit includes a visual recognition sub-unit and a laser cutting sub-unit; the visual recognition sub-unit is used to identify and position the photovoltaic module; the laser cutting sub-unit is used to laser scribe and cut the photovoltaic backsheet.

[0013] Further, the laser scribing and cutting unit further includes an industrial control computer (industrial control computer).

[0014] Further, the industrial control computer is plugged with a laser control card.

[0015] Further, the laser cutting subunit includes a laser; the visual recognition subunit includes an image recognizer; the laser and the image recognizer are respectively connected to an industrial control computer; the industrial control computer is connected to a push rod separation unit.

[0016] Further, the image recognizer is a CCD camera.

[0017] Further, the industrial control computer is configured to determine the starting edge position of the laser scribing, the cutting-in position of the lower fixture jaw, and the advancing distance of the push rod after receiving the signal transmitted by the laser cutting subunit, and transmit the processed signal to the laser cutting subunit for laser scribing and cutting the photovoltaic backplane, and transmit it to the push rod separation unit to control the cutting-in position of the lower fixture jaw shovel and the advancing distance of the push rod.

[0018] Further, the upper fixture jaw is used to apply a clamping pressure; the lower fixture jaw is in the shape of a shovel for starting edge cutting-in; the shape of the lower surface of the upper fixture jaw matches the shape of the upper surface of the lower fixture jaw to better hold the photovoltaic backplane.

[0019] Further, the surfaces of the upper fixture jaw and the lower fixture jaw are both provided with patterns for increasing friction, and the patterns can be wavy patterns.

[0020] Further, the opposite surfaces of the upper fixture jaw and the lower fixture jaw are flat surfaces provided with patterns.

[0021] Further, the upper fixture jaw is slidably connected to the fixture adjustment assembly; the lower fixture jaw is slidably connected to the fixture adjustment assembly; the upper fixture jaw and the lower fixture jaw can move vertically synchronously or asynchronously (lift or lower) along the fixture adjustment assembly.

[0022] Further, the push rod is selected from a wedge-shaped push rod, a cylindrical push rod, and a semi-cylindrical push rod.

[0023] Further, the technical concept of the present invention is as follows: The present invention integrates heating-cutting-removing on one station, simplifies the process and improves the efficiency; If the whole plate is heated before being torn off, heating is stopped during the tearing process. During the movement of the clamp, the untorn part will gradually cool down at a faster rate. Once cooled, it will be difficult to continue to tear off and the whole plate needs to be reheated. Repeated heating of the whole plate will cause the heating time of the photovoltaic back plate (film) to be partially torn off to be too long, and the film strength will be reduced. Local heating will be more efficient. If the whole plate is heated continuously, on the one hand, large-area heating will have a long heating time and high energy consumption. On the other hand, large-area heating will cause other parts to be heated too long, and the film strength will be reduced. The local heating method preferably used in the present invention is easier to control the temperature than continuous heating of the whole plate, and has good continuity compared to intermittent heating of the whole plate. If a laser whose temperature is difficult to control is used, the ignition temperature of the film may be reached, igniting the film. The use of a large-area clamp and a push rod to push forward can greatly solve the problems of slipping, tearing, and slow speed. The surface of the clamp is set with wavy patterns to increase friction and avoid puncturing the backboard due to being too sharp. After the present invention uses laser scribing to uniformly cut out a complete edge, the back plate is broken neatly at the cut, and it is easier to cut in again.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) The technical solution provides a photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device, which can completely peel off the photovoltaic backsheet from the waste photovoltaic laminate, reduce pollutants in subsequent treatment, and integrate heating-cutting-removal at the same station, which is conducive to improving the removal efficiency.

[0025] 2) The technical solution provides a photovoltaic module back panel complete removal device, which disassembles the tearing action into two directions of horizontal pushing and vertical pulling by setting an upper clamp claw, a lower clamp claw, a vertical clamp adjustment component, and a push rod, so that the photovoltaic back panel can be evenly stressed and the integrity of the photovoltaic back panel can be guaranteed to the greatest extent.

[0026] 3) The technical solution provides a photovoltaic module back sheet complete removal device. When local heating is further adopted, local heating and hot air circulation can reduce energy consumption. The push rod moves forward to ensure uniform force, and the photovoltaic back sheet after tearing is convenient for unloading as a whole sheet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the photovoltaic module back panel complete removal device in an embodiment of the present invention (in the state of laser scribing and cutting).

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the photovoltaic module back panel complete removal device in an embodiment of the present invention (the photovoltaic module is in a moving state).

[0029] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a partially enlarged view of

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the complete removal device for the photovoltaic module backplane in the embodiment of the present invention (the state where the blade clamping unit clamps the photovoltaic backplane).

[0031] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a partially enlarged view of

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the complete removal device for the photovoltaic module backplane in the embodiment of the present invention (the state where the push rod peels off the photovoltaic backplane).

[0033] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a partially enlarged view of

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the complete removal device for the photovoltaic module backplane in Embodiment 2 of the present invention (the heating unit is not shown).

[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the complete removal device for the photovoltaic module backplane in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (the heating unit is not shown).

[0036] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the complete removal device for the photovoltaic module backplane in Embodiment 3 of the present invention (the heating unit is not shown).

[0037] Figure 11 is a partial side view of the complete removal device for the photovoltaic module backplane in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 12 is a partial three-dimensional view of the complete removal device for the photovoltaic module backplane in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Reference numerals in the figure: 1 - Photovoltaic laminate without frame and junction box, 12 - Photovoltaic backplane, 13 - Photovoltaic glass and cell layer, 21 - Upper fixture jaw, 22 - Lower fixture jaw, 23 - Laser scribing and cutting unit, 231 - Visual recognition sub-unit, 232 - Laser cutting sub-unit, 24 - Fixture adjustment assembly, 3 - Push rod, 31 - Wedge-shaped push rod, 32 - Cylindrical push rod, 33 - Semi-cylindrical push rod, 4 - Heating unit, 41 - Heating wire hot air heating unit, 5 - Truss, 51 - Upper truss, 52 - Lower truss, 521 - Support frame, 522 - Conveyor wheel, 523 - Conveyor roller, 524 - Lifting rod, L is the creepage distance. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the technical solution, features such as component models, material names, connection structures, control methods, algorithms, etc. that are not clearly described shall be regarded as common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0042] It should be noted that in the present invention, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0043] The following further details the content of the present invention in combination with specific embodiments.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] As shown in Figures 1 - 7 Figures 9, 11, and 12, this embodiment provides a device for completely removing the backsheet of a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module is a de-framed and de-junction-box photovoltaic laminate 1, and the de-framed and de-junction-box photovoltaic laminate 1 includes a photovoltaic backsheet 12 and a photovoltaic glass and cell layer 13 connected to the photovoltaic backsheet 12. The device for completely removing the backsheet of the photovoltaic module is used to peel off the photovoltaic backsheet 12 in the photovoltaic module.

[0046] In this embodiment, the forward direction of the push rod 3 is the X-axis direction, the long side of the photovoltaic backsheet 12 is along the X-axis direction, the short side of the photovoltaic backsheet 12 is along the Y-axis direction, and the vertical direction is the Z-axis direction.

[0047] The device for completely removing the backsheet of the photovoltaic module includes: The complete removal device for the backplane of the photovoltaic module includes a heating unit 4, a laser scribing and cutting unit 23, a blade clamping unit, a push rod separation unit, and a truss 5. The heating unit 4, the laser scribing and cutting unit 23, the blade clamping unit, and the push rod separation unit are all connected to the truss 5.

[0048] The truss 5 includes an upper truss 51 and a lower truss 52. The upper truss 51 is connected to the lower truss 52. The heating unit 4, the laser scribing and cutting unit 23, the blade clamping unit, and the push rod separation unit are all connected to the upper truss 51. The photovoltaic module can be supported on the lower truss 52. The lower truss 52 includes a feeding and discharging part and a processing part. The feeding and discharging part is arranged at both ends of the processing part for feeding and discharging. The upper truss 51 is arranged above the processing part. The feeding and discharging part is provided with conveying rollers 523, and the conveying rollers 523 are used to convey the photovoltaic module from the feeding and discharging part into the processing part to achieve feeding or convey the photovoltaic module from the processing part into the feeding and discharging part to achieve discharging. The processing part includes a support frame 521 and conveying wheels 522. The support frame 521 is a spaced frame body, and the conveying wheels 522 are arranged between adjacent frame bodies. The conveying wheels 522 are connected to lifting rods 524. The lifting rods 524 adopt conventional electric lifting rods. The conveying wheels 522 can be lifted and lowered by the lifting rods 524. When the conveying wheels 522 are lifted, they can be higher than the height of the support frame 521 to lift the photovoltaic module and achieve conveying. When the conveying wheels 522 are lowered, they can be lower than the height of the support frame 521, and the photovoltaic module is erected on the support frame 521 for various operations. In this embodiment, the heating unit 4 is a heating wire hot air heating unit 41. The heating unit 4 is arranged in front of the advancing direction of the push rod 3 and above the photovoltaic backplane 12. The heating unit 4 is used to heat the photovoltaic module. In the heating wire hot air heating unit 41, the heating wire can be separately configured for heating outside the heating position of the complete removal device for the backplane of the photovoltaic module, and then hot air is sent in. The heating unit 4 is slidably connected to the upper truss 51 through a heating unit connecting frame. The heating unit 4 is connected to the heating unit connecting frame, and the heating unit connecting frame can slide on the upper truss 51. The specific implementation form is realized through an electric slide table, and the electric slide table is a conventional technical means in the art.

[0049] The heating wire hot air heating unit 41 is strip-shaped local heating, and the length direction of the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 is parallel to the short side of the photovoltaic backplane 12.

[0050] The blade clamping unit includes an upper clamping jaw 21, a lower clamping jaw 22, and a clamping fixture adjustment assembly 24. The clamping fixture adjustment assembly 24 includes an upper clamping jaw drive and a lower clamping jaw drive. The peeled photovoltaic backsheet 12 is clamped between the upper clamping jaw 21 and the lower clamping jaw 22. The driving directions of the upper clamping jaw drive and the lower clamping jaw drive of the clamping fixture adjustment assembly 24 are both vertical. In this embodiment, the upper clamping jaw 21 is slidably connected to the clamping fixture adjustment assembly 24; the lower clamping jaw 22 is slidably connected to the clamping fixture adjustment assembly 24. The upper clamping jaw 21 is used to apply a clamping pressure; the lower clamping jaw 22 is in the shape of a blade and is used for edge cutting and insertion. The shape of the lower surface of the upper clamping jaw 21 matches the shape of the upper surface of the lower clamping jaw 22 to better hold the photovoltaic backsheet 12. The upper clamping jaw drive is connected to the upper clamping jaw 21, and the lower clamping jaw drive is connected to the lower clamping jaw 22. The upper clamping jaw drive is used to drive the upper clamping jaw 21 to slide on the clamping fixture adjustment assembly 24, and the lower clamping jaw drive is used to drive the lower clamping jaw 22 to slide on the clamping fixture adjustment assembly 24. The upper clamping jaw drive and the lower clamping jaw drive can be linear cylinders or other common driving components, which are respectively used to drive the upper clamping jaw 21 and the lower clamping jaw 22 to move along the z-axis direction, which is a conventional technical means in the art. The upper clamping jaw 21 and the lower clamping jaw 22 can move vertically (lift or lower) synchronously or asynchronously along the clamping fixture adjustment assembly 24. The blade clamping unit is slidably connected to the upper truss 51 through a blade clamping unit connecting frame. The blade clamping unit is connected to the blade clamping unit connecting frame, and the blade clamping unit connecting frame can slide on the upper truss 51. The specific implementation form is realized through an electric slide table, and the electric slide table is a conventional technical means in the art.

[0051] The push rod separation unit includes a push rod 3. The push rod 3 is disposed between the photovoltaic backsheet 12 and the photovoltaic glass and cell layer 13. The push rod 3 is used to push the photovoltaic backsheet 12 to accelerate complete peeling. The push rod separation unit is slidably connected to the upper truss 51 through a push rod separation unit connecting frame. The push rod separation unit is connected to the push rod separation unit connecting frame, and the push rod separation unit connecting frame can slide on the upper truss 51. The specific implementation form is realized through an electric slide table, and the electric slide table is a conventional technical means in the art.

[0052] In this embodiment, the push rod 3 is a cylindrical push rod 32.

[0053] The laser scribing and cutting unit 23 is arranged above the photovoltaic module. The laser scribing and cutting unit 23 is used to identify and position the photovoltaic module, determine the starting edge position of the laser scribing, the cutting-in position of the lower fixture jaw 22, the advancing distance of the push rod 3, and laser scribe and cut the photovoltaic backplane 12. The laser scribing and cutting unit 23 includes an industrial control computer, a visual recognition sub-unit 231, and a laser cutting sub-unit 232; the visual recognition sub-unit 231 is used to identify and position the photovoltaic module; the laser cutting sub-unit 232 is used to laser scribe and cut the photovoltaic backplane 12; the laser cutting sub-unit 232 includes a laser, and the laser can be a small ultraviolet laser cutter or a carbon dioxide laser cutter, and an LS-D20W laser can be used; the visual recognition sub-unit 231 includes an image recognizer; the laser and the image recognizer are respectively communicatively connected to the industrial control computer; the industrial control computer is communicatively connected to the push rod separating unit. The image recognizer is a CCD camera. The industrial control computer is used to determine the starting edge position of the laser scribing, the cutting-in position of the lower fixture jaw 22, and the advancing distance of the push rod 3 after receiving the signal transmitted by the laser cutting sub-unit 232, and transmit the processed signal to the laser cutting sub-unit 232 to laser scribe and cut the photovoltaic backplane 12, and transmit it to the push rod separating unit to control the cutting-in position of the shovel of the lower fixture jaw 22 and the advancing distance of the push rod 3. The industrial control computer is plugged with a laser control card, and both the industrial control computer and the laser control card are commercially available components. The communication connection is a wired or wireless connection. The laser cutting sub-unit 232 is slidably connected to the upper truss 51 through a laser cutting sub-unit connecting frame. The laser cutting sub-unit 232 is connected to the laser cutting sub-unit connecting frame, and the laser cutting sub-unit connecting frame can slide on the upper truss 51. The specific implementation form is realized through an electric sliding table, and the electric sliding table is a conventional technical means in the art. The laser is slidably connected to the laser cutting sub-unit connecting frame. The specific implementation form is realized through an electric sliding table, and the electric sliding table is a conventional technical means in the art. The laser can move along the Y-axis direction of the laser cutting sub-unit connecting frame to laser scribe and cut the photovoltaic backplane 12. The visual recognition sub-unit 231 is connected to the upper truss 51 and can be arranged above the photovoltaic module. The visual recognition sub-unit 231 can be arranged at the top of the upper truss 51, facing the photovoltaic module, to identify the position of the photovoltaic module.

[0054] The heating temperature of the heating unit 4 is 100°C to 200°C.

[0055] The heating position of the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 starts from the short side on one side of the photovoltaic backplane 12 and slowly advances in the advancing direction of the push rod 3 to continuously move and heat until it reaches the short side on the other side of the photovoltaic backplane 12. The heating time of the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 each time it advances a distance equal to its width is 30 to 60 seconds. During the heating process, the heat in the heating area on the photovoltaic backplane 12 facing the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 will be transferred to the surrounding areas to ensure that the position where the push rod 3 travels is at the heating temperature, facilitating peeling.

[0056] The heating wire hot air heating unit 41 includes a ventilation pipe and a heating body. The heating body is provided with heating wires. The ventilation pipe is connected to the heating body. The heating body is provided with a plurality of nozzles. The plurality of nozzles communicate with the ventilation pipe. The heating body is provided with an air outlet. The heating wires are arranged between the air outlet and the nozzles. Cold air enters the nozzles through the ventilation pipe and is dispersed and ejected, and then passes through the heating wires for heating and hot air is ejected from the air outlet.

[0057] The surfaces of the upper clamping jaw 21 and the lower clamping jaw 22 are both provided with patterns for increasing friction. The opposite surfaces of the upper clamping jaw 21 and the lower clamping jaw 22 are flat surfaces provided with patterns. The patterns can be wavy patterns.

[0058] The working method of the photovoltaic module backplane complete removal device includes the following steps: Before working, level the photovoltaic module backplane complete removal device. When working, the photovoltaic laminate 1 without the frame and junction box is first conveyed to the working station. The visual recognition sub-unit 231 of the laser scribing and cutting unit 23 identifies the size and then positions the photovoltaic module. After positioning, start the heating unit 4 to heat and soften the adhesive film, and the heating temperature is 100°C to 200°C. The heating time of the strip-shaped local heating unit of the heating unit 4 (heating wire hot air heating unit 41) is 30 to 60 seconds, and the heating position starts from the short side. At this time, only unit heating is performed, and only the short side part is heated. After the unit heating is completed, the heating unit 4 moves a certain distance along the X-axis in the direction away from the laser cutting sub-unit 232 and approaches the blade clamping unit. At the same time, the photovoltaic laminate 1 without the frame and junction box moves a certain distance along the X-axis in the direction approaching the laser cutting sub-unit 232. The visual recognition sub-unit 231 identifies the position of the photovoltaic laminate 1 without the frame and junction box. The photovoltaic laminate 1 without the frame and junction box is under the laser of the laser cutting sub-unit 232. The laser scribing and cutting unit 23 performs laser scribing and cutting on the photovoltaic backplane 12 from the short side of the photovoltaic laminate 1 without the frame and junction box (such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, during the cutting process, the laser moves along the Y-axis direction to cut, and the distance between the scribing position and the short side of the photovoltaic module is less than its creepage distance L, so as to protect the photovoltaic glass and the cells in the cell layer 13 as much as possible and reduce the residue of the photovoltaic back sheet 12. After the scribing and cutting is completed, the photovoltaic laminate 1 without the frame and the junction box is moved along the X-axis to a distance close to the scraper clamping unit (as shown in the figure). Figure 2 , 3 As shown in the figure, the scribing position is below the scraper clamping unit, the lower clamp claw 22 descends along the Z axis, and after approaching the photovoltaic backsheet 12, it shovels in from the cutting position along the X axis. After shoveling in, the upper clamp claw 21 descends along the Z axis to clamp and press the photovoltaic backsheet 12. After clamping, the scraper clamping unit moves upward along the Z axis as a whole and moves forward along the X axis to pull, so that the photovoltaic backsheet 12 is gradually peeled off and forms an angle and space that the push rod 3 can enter with the glass surface of the photovoltaic glass and the battery layer 13 (as shown in the figure). Figure 4 , 5 As shown in the figure, the whole body moves up 10-20 cm and then stops. The push rod 3 enters the angle between the photovoltaic back sheet 12 and the photovoltaic glass and the glass surface of the battery layer 13 along the X-axis, and continues to move forward after supporting the photovoltaic back sheet 12 to accelerate the peeling of the photovoltaic back sheet 12 (as shown in the figure). Figure 6 , 7 As shown), during the stripping process, the blade clamping unit keeps its position basically unchanged, and the push rod 3 and the heating unit 4 move forward along the X-axis to perform heating synchronously (the heating position of the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 starts from the short side of one side of the photovoltaic backboard 12, and slowly moves forward in the forward direction of the push rod 3 to continuously move and heat until it reaches the short side of the other side of the photovoltaic backboard 12. The heating time of the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 each time it moves forward the distance of the width of the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 is 30 to 60 seconds. During the heating process, the heat of the heating area on the photovoltaic backboard 12 facing the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 will be transferred to the surrounding area to ensure that the position where the push rod 3 moves is at the heating temperature, which is convenient for stripping), clamping, and stripping actions. After the stripping is completed, the glass is first transferred out, and then the upper clamp claw 21 and the lower clamp claw 22 are released to make the photovoltaic backboard 12 fall and transfer it out, and finally all units are reset.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] like Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic module back sheet complete removal device, and the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: In this embodiment, the push rod 3 is a wedge-shaped push rod 31 .

[0061] Example 3

[0062] like Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic module back sheet complete removal device, and the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: In this embodiment, the push rod 3 is a semi-cylindrical push rod 33.

[0063] Embodiment 4

[0064] This embodiment provides a method for completely removing the backsheet of a photovoltaic module. Based on the working method of the device for completely removing the backsheet of a photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 1, the specific laser scribing workflow (performing laser scribing to cut the photovoltaic backsheet 12) includes the following processes: S1. Camera ranging, that is, ranging through the visual recognition subunit 231. Define a corner of the photovoltaic laminate 1 as the center O, the long side as the X-axis, and the short side as the Y-axis. Define the length of the short side of the photovoltaic laminate 1 as Y0. Identify the edge of the bus bar (laminated bus bar) at the top (near the Y-axis) of the photovoltaic module and the edge of the short side of the photovoltaic laminate 1, and measure the minimum distance L between the edge of the bus bar and the short side of the photovoltaic laminate 1. Specifically, with the short side as the Y-axis as the baseline, move forward along the long side X-axis direction until reaching the edge of the bus bar, and define this distance L as the creepage distance.

[0065] S2. Determine the scribing position. With the short side as the Y-axis as the baseline, move forward along the long side direction close to but not reaching the edge of the bus bar, and define this distance as L0, requiring L0 < L.

[0066] S3. Laser scribing. Start the laser cutting subunit 232, reset to the center O of a corner of the photovoltaic laminate 1, then move forward a distance of L0 along the long side X-axis and stop. Start the laser, keep the laser cutting subunit 232 stationary at the X-axis position, move horizontally forward along the Y-axis to start scribing, the scribing distance is equal to the length Y0 of the short side of the photovoltaic laminate 1, and after scribing is completed, the laser cutting subunit 232 is restored.

[0067] The above description of the embodiments is for the convenience of those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative labor. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for completely removing the backsheet of a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic backsheet (12) and a photovoltaic glass and cell layer (13) connected to the photovoltaic backsheet (12). The device for completely removing the backsheet of the photovoltaic module is used to peel off the photovoltaic backsheet (12) in the photovoltaic module, and is characterized in that, The complete removal device for the backplane of a photovoltaic module includes a heating unit (4), a laser scribing and cutting unit (23), a blade clamping unit, a push rod separation unit, and a truss (5); the heating unit (4), the laser scribing and cutting unit (23), the blade clamping unit, and the push rod separation unit are all connected to the truss (5); The heating unit (4) is arranged in front of the advancing direction of the push rod, and the heating unit (4) is used to heat the photovoltaic module; The blade clamping unit includes an upper clamping jaw (21), a lower clamping jaw (22), and a clamp adjusting assembly (24), and the peeled photovoltaic backplane (12) is clamped between the upper clamping jaw (21) and the lower clamping jaw (22); The upper clamping jaw (21) is connected to the clamp adjusting assembly (24); the lower clamping jaw (22) is connected to the clamp adjusting assembly (24); The push rod separation unit includes a push rod (3), and the push rod (3) is arranged between the photovoltaic backplane (12) and the photovoltaic glass and cell layer (13), and the push rod (3) is used to push the photovoltaic backplane (12) to accelerate and completely peel off; The laser scribing and cutting unit (23) is arranged above the photovoltaic module, and the laser scribing and cutting unit (23) is used to identify and position the photovoltaic module, determine the starting edge position of the laser scribing, the cutting position of the lower clamping jaw (22), and the advancing distance of the push rod (3), and laser scribe and cut the photovoltaic backplane (12).

2. The complete removal device for the backplane of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein The heating unit (4) performs strip-shaped local heating; The heating unit (4) is one of a heating wire hot air heating unit (41) and a hot steam heating unit.

3. The complete removal device for the backplane of a photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein The heating unit (4) is arranged in front of the advancing direction of the push rod (3).

4. A complete removal device for a photovoltaic module backplane according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heating temperature of the heating unit (4) is 100°C to 200°C; The heating position of the heating unit (4) starts from the short side of the photovoltaic backplane (12) and advances in the advancing direction of the push rod (3) for continuous moving heating; The heating time of the heating unit (4) each time it advances a distance equal to the width of the heating unit (4) is 30 to 60 seconds.

5. A complete removal device for a photovoltaic module backplane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser scribing and cutting unit (23) includes a visual recognition sub-unit (231) and a laser cutting sub-unit (232); The visual recognition sub-unit (231) is used to identify and position the photovoltaic module; The laser cutting sub-unit (232) is used to laser scribe and cut the photovoltaic backplane (12).

6. The complete removal device for the backplane of a photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that The laser scribing and cutting unit (23) further includes an industrial control computer; The laser cutting sub-unit (232) includes a laser; The visual recognition sub-unit (231) includes an image recognizer; The laser and the image recognizer are respectively connected to the industrial control computer; The industrial control computer is connected to the push rod separation unit; The industrial control computer is used to determine the starting edge position of the laser scribing, the cutting position of the lower clamping jaw (22), and the advancing distance of the push rod (3) after receiving the signal transmitted by the laser cutting sub-unit (232), transmit the processed signal to the laser cutting sub-unit (232) for laser scribing and cutting the photovoltaic backplane (12), and transmit it to the push rod separation unit to control the cutting position of the lower clamping jaw (22) blade and the advancing distance of the push rod (3).

7. A complete removal device for a photovoltaic module backplane according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper clamping jaw (21) is used to apply a clamping pressure; The lower clamping jaw (22) is in the shape of a spade and is used for edge starting and cutting in.

8. A complete removal device for the backplane of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that Patterns for increasing friction are provided on the surfaces of the upper clamping jaw (21) and the lower clamping jaw (22).

9. The complete removal device for the backplane of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein The upper clamping jaw (21) is slidably connected to the fixture adjustment assembly (24); The lower clamping jaw (22) is slidably connected to the fixture adjustment assembly (24).

10. The complete removal device for the backplane of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push rod (3) is selected from a wedge-shaped push rod (31), a cylindrical push rod (32), and a semi-cylindrical push rod (33).

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