Hydraulic motor and working method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic motor and a working method, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent power supply of coal mine equipment. The hydraulic motor comprises a pump shell; the pump shell is in a stepped cylinder shape, and the interior of the pump shell is hollow. A liquid inlet is formed in one end of the pump shell, a supporting pipe is arranged at the other end of the pump shell, a liquid storage cavity is formed in the middle of the pump shell, a first liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the pump shell, and the liquid storage cavity is communicated with the first liquid outlet; the motor rotor is arranged in the pump shell and comprises a liquid inlet end, a liquid outlet end and a power output end which are connected in sequence; hydraulic nozzles are arranged on the outer surface of the liquid outlet end at equal intervals in the axial direction, and inner cavities of the hydraulic nozzles communicate with the liquid outlet cavity; the hydraulic motor provided by the invention is small in size, the flow and used media can meet the requirements of motor parameters required by an underground coal mine power generation system, the requirement for impurities in liquid is low, fine filtration is not needed, abrasion is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent power supply for coal mine equipment, and more specifically, relates to a hydraulic motor and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A hydraulic motor is a hydraulic actuator that makes continuous rotational motion and outputs torque. It is an energy conversion device that converts the hydraulic energy provided by a hydraulic pump into mechanical energy. The commonly used hydraulic motors in mining machinery include gear motors, vane motors, and piston motors.

[0003] The working principle of a gear motor is as Figure 1 shown. The motor mainly consists of a pump housing and a pair of gears. High-pressure liquid is input from the P end and acts on the tooth surfaces of the gears, causing the pair of gears to rotate around their respective rotation axes. The return liquid is discharged from the P' end, and power is output from the output shaft of one of the gears. However, the gear motor has poor sealing performance and low volumetric efficiency, so the input oil pressure cannot be too high, resulting in generally low torque. Moreover, the gears in the gear motor are often affected by friction and wear, and with the increase of service time, the wear of the gears will lead to performance degradation and increased maintenance costs.

[0004] The working principle of a vane motor is as Figure 2 shown. The vane motor mainly consists of a pump housing, a rotor, vanes, etc. When the working fluid with a pressure of P is input into the two liquid inlet cavities between 1-3 and between 5-7 vanes, the total pressures on both sides of vanes 2 and 5 are balanced, and there is no torque acting on the center of the rotor; the total pressures on both sides of vanes 1, 3, 5, and 7 are not equal. Among them, the resultant force of the total pressures on vanes 3 and 7 is greater than the resultant force of the total pressures on vanes 1 and 5. Therefore, the motor rotates clockwise, and power is output through the rotating shaft. However, the structure of the vane motor is relatively complex, with high manufacturing precision requirements and high costs.

[0005] The working principle of a piston motor is as Figure 3 shown. The piston motor consists of a pump housing, a distribution plate, pistons, a swash plate, an output shaft, etc. When the working fluid with a pressure of P enters the piston holes through the distribution plate, the pistons are pressed against the swash plate. The reaction force of the swash plate on the pistons can be decomposed into an axial force Fa and a force Ft perpendicular to this force. Fa is balanced with the total liquid pressure on the bottom surface of the piston. The force Ft on each piston generates a torque on the axis of the motor output shaft, and the sum of these torques causes the output shaft to rotate and output power. However, the piston motor has very high requirements for impurities in the hydraulic oil and requires fine filtration. If there are iron filings or air in the hydraulic oil, it may damage the pump body.

[0006] The above-mentioned various pumps are large in volume, and their flow rates and the media used cannot meet the requirements of the motor parameters needed for the coal mine underground power generation system. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the deficiencies in the existing technology, a new type of hydraulic motor and its working method are designed and used in the electro-hydraulic control power supply device for hydraulic supports to provide power for the power generation device of the electro-hydraulic control system in underground coal mines.

[0008] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] In the first aspect of the present invention, a hydraulic motor is disclosed, which includes: a pump housing, a motor rotor, and a hydraulic nozzle; the pump housing is in the shape of a stepped cylinder, and the inside of the pump housing is hollow; an inlet is opened at one end of the pump housing, a support pipe is opened at the other end of the pump housing, a liquid storage cavity is opened in the middle of the pump housing, and a first liquid outlet is opened at the bottom of the pump housing, and the liquid storage cavity is in communication with the first liquid outlet; the motor rotor is arranged inside the pump housing, and the motor rotor includes a liquid inlet end, a liquid outlet end, and a power output end connected in sequence; the power output end includes at least one section of power output shaft, and the power output end passes through the support pipe and extends into the external space; a liquid inlet cavity is opened inside the liquid inlet end, the liquid inlet cavity is connected to the inlet, a liquid outlet cavity is opened inside the liquid outlet end, and the liquid outlet cavity is in communication with the liquid inlet cavity; hydraulic nozzles are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction on the outer surface of the liquid outlet end, and the internal cavity of the hydraulic nozzle is in communication with the liquid outlet cavity for spraying the high-pressure liquid entering the liquid outlet cavity.

[0010] According to the described hydraulic motor, the pump housing includes a first-order hollow cylinder, a second-order hollow cylinder, and a third-order hollow cylinder arranged in sequence; the diameter of the first-order hollow cylinder is the smallest, the diameter of the third-order hollow cylinder is the largest, and the diameter of the second-order hollow cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the third-order hollow cylinder and larger than the diameter of the first-order hollow cylinder.

[0011] According to the described hydraulic motor, the inlet is located at one end of the first-order hollow cylinder away from the third-order hollow cylinder, and the support pipe is located at one end of the third-order hollow cylinder away from the first-order hollow cylinder.

[0012] According to the described hydraulic motor, the liquid storage cavity is located inside the third-order hollow cylinder, and the first liquid outlet is located on the side wall of the third-order hollow cylinder for discharging the liquid sprayed by the hydraulic nozzle out of the whole device.

[0013] According to the described hydraulic motor, the liquid spraying direction of the hydraulic nozzle is tangent to the circumference, and the hydraulic nozzle is the second liquid outlet, and the direction of the second liquid outlet is perpendicular to the power output end.

[0014] According to the described hydraulic motor, a shoulder is arranged at the middle position of the power output end, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet is equal to the area of the shoulder for reducing the axial force acting on the bearing and eliminating the hydraulic pressure acting axially.

[0015] According to the described hydraulic motor, the power output shaft includes a primary power output shaft, a secondary power output shaft, and a final power output shaft. A seal is provided between the secondary power output shaft and the pump housing; the primary power output shaft is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the pump housing through a seal to prevent high-pressure liquid from leaking through the gap between the power output end and the pump housing.

[0016] According to the described hydraulic motor, the outer wall of the port of the liquid inlet end away from the liquid outlet end is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the pump housing through a seal to prevent high-pressure liquid from leaking through the gap between the liquid inlet end and the pump housing.

[0017] According to the described hydraulic motor, the support pipe is connected to the final power output shaft through a bearing, and the bearing supports the power output end; a bearing is provided between the outer wall of one end of the liquid inlet end close to the liquid outlet end and the second-order hollow cylinder.

[0018] The second aspect of the present invention discloses a working method of a hydraulic motor. Based on the described hydraulic motor, it includes the following steps:

[0019] High-pressure liquid enters the liquid inlet cavity from the liquid inlet;

[0020] The high-pressure liquid in the liquid inlet cavity flows along the pipeline of the liquid inlet cavity into the liquid outlet cavity;

[0021] The high-pressure liquid is ejected from the hydraulic nozzle under the action of pressure and enters the liquid storage cavity. When the high-pressure liquid is ejected from the hydraulic nozzle, a torque rotating around the axis is formed, driving the motor rotor to rotate, and the torque power is output from the power output end, thereby driving the load;

[0022] The oil liquid in the liquid storage cavity converges along the inner wall of the liquid storage cavity towards the first liquid outlet under the action of gravity and is discharged out of the entire device through the first liquid outlet.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention at least include:

[0024] (1) The hydraulic motor provided by the present invention is small in volume, and both the flow rate and the medium used can meet the requirements of the motor parameters required by the coal mine underground power generation system. Moreover, it has low requirements for impurities in the liquid and does not require fine filtration, and can be applied to occasions with a fixed hydraulic source that requires a small rotational power.

[0025] (2) The motor rotor designed by the present invention is rotated by the high-pressure liquid ejected from the hydraulic nozzle, reducing wear and increasing the service life.

[0026] (3) The overall device of the present invention has a simple structure and low cost.

[0027] (4) This application also designs a shaft shoulder, whose cross-sectional area is equal to that of the liquid inlet, which can reduce the axial force acting on the bearing and eliminate the hydraulic pressure acting axially. Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 is the working principle diagram of the gear motor;

[0029] Figure 2 is the working principle diagram of the vane motor;

[0030] Figure 3 is the working principle diagram of the piston motor;

[0031] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the composition of the hydraulic motor;

[0032] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the A-A cross-sectional view in

[0033] In the figure: 1, seal; 2, pump housing; 21, first-order hollow cylinder; 22, second-order hollow cylinder; 23, third-order hollow cylinder; 24, liquid inlet; 25, support pipe; 26, first liquid outlet; 27, liquid storage cavity; 3, motor rotor; 31, liquid inlet end; 32, liquid outlet end; 33, power output end; 331, first-level power output shaft; 332, second-level power output shaft; 333, final-level power output shaft; 34, liquid inlet cavity; 35, liquid outlet cavity; 36, shaft shoulder; 4, bearing; 6, hydraulic nozzle. Detailed Embodiments

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described in this application are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the spirit of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "right", "left", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "provided with", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] First Embodiment:

[0038] As Figure 4 or Figure 5 shown, the technical solution of the present invention provides a hydraulic motor, which is a component of the power generation device of the electro-hydraulic control system underground in coal mines, and includes: a pump housing 2, a motor rotor 3, and a hydraulic nozzle 6.

[0039] The pump housing 2 is in a stepped cylindrical shape and is an integrally cast part, including a first-order hollow cylinder 21, a second-order hollow cylinder 22, and a third-order hollow cylinder 23 arranged in sequence; the diameter of the first-order hollow cylinder 21 is the smallest, the diameter of the third-order hollow cylinder 23 is the largest, the diameter of the second-order hollow cylinder 22 is smaller than the diameter of the third-order hollow cylinder 23 and larger than the diameter of the first-order hollow cylinder 21. An inlet port 24 is opened at one end of the first-order hollow cylinder 21 away from the third-order hollow cylinder 23, a support pipe 25 is opened at one end of the third-order hollow cylinder 23 away from the first-order hollow cylinder 21, a liquid storage cavity 27 is opened inside the third-order hollow cylinder 23, a first liquid outlet 26 is opened on the side wall of the third-order hollow cylinder 23, the liquid storage cavity 27 is in communication with the first liquid outlet 26, the liquid storage cavity 27 is used to gather the liquid ejected by the hydraulic nozzle 6 in the direction of the first liquid outlet 26, the first liquid outlet 26 is used to discharge the liquid ejected by the hydraulic nozzle 6 outside the entire device, and the inside of the pump housing 2 is hollow.

[0040] The motor rotor 3 is arranged inside the pump housing 2. The motor rotor 3 includes a liquid inlet end 31, a liquid outlet end 32, and a power output end 33 connected in sequence; the liquid inlet end 31 is arranged inside the second-order hollow cylinder 22, and the liquid outlet end 32 is arranged in the liquid storage cavity 27; the outer wall of the port of the liquid inlet end 31 away from the liquid outlet end 32 is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the pump housing 2 through a seal 1 to prevent high-pressure liquid from leaking from the gap between the liquid inlet end 31 and the pump housing 2.

[0041] One end of the liquid outlet end 32 far from the liquid inlet end 31 is provided with a power output end 33. The power output end 33 includes at least one section of power output shaft. The power output shaft includes a primary power output shaft 331, a secondary power output shaft 332 and a final power output shaft 333. The primary power output shaft 331 is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the pump housing 2 through a seal 1 to prevent high-pressure liquid from leaking from the gap between the power output end 33 and the pump housing 2. The final power output shaft 333 is connected to the support pipe 25 through a bearing 4, and the bearing 4 supports the power output end 33. A seal 1 is provided between the secondary power output shaft 332 and the pump housing 2. The power output end 33 passes through the support pipe 25 and extends into the external space to be connected to a load.

[0042] An inlet liquid cavity 34 is formed inside the liquid inlet end 31. The inlet liquid cavity 34 is connected to the liquid inlet 24. An outlet liquid cavity 35 is formed inside the liquid outlet end 32. The outlet liquid cavity 35 communicates with the inlet liquid cavity 34. Hydraulic nozzles 6 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction on the outer surface of the liquid outlet end 32. The internal cavity of the hydraulic nozzle 6 communicates with the outlet liquid cavity 35 and is used for spraying the high-pressure liquid entering the outlet liquid cavity 35. The liquid spraying direction of the hydraulic nozzle 6 is tangent to the circumference, and the hydraulic nozzle 6 is a second liquid outlet, and the direction of the second liquid outlet is perpendicular to the power output end 33.

[0043] A bearing 4 is provided between the outer wall of one end of the liquid inlet end 31 close to the liquid outlet end 32 and the second-order hollow cylinder 22.

[0044] When the high-pressure liquid enters the internal cavity of the motor rotor 3 from the liquid inlet 24, under the action of pressure, the liquid will flow out from the hydraulic nozzle 6. Since the direction of the second liquid outlet of the hydraulic nozzle 6 is perpendicular to the power output end 33, a torque rotating around the axis will be formed at this time, causing the motor rotor 3 to rotate. The torque power is output from the power output end 33 to drive the load, and the sprayed liquid flows out through the first liquid outlet 26. A shoulder 36 is provided at the middle position of the power output end 33, and the cross-sectional area of the liquid inlet 24 is equal to the area of the shoulder 36, which is used to reduce the axial force acting on the bearing 4 and eliminate the hydraulic pressure acting axially.

[0045] Second Embodiment:

[0046] This embodiment provides a working method of a hydraulic motor. Based on the described hydraulic motor, it includes the following steps:

[0047] S1. The high-pressure liquid enters the inlet liquid cavity 34 from the liquid inlet 24;

[0048] S2. The high-pressure liquid in the inlet liquid cavity 34 enters the outlet liquid cavity 35 along the pipeline of the inlet liquid cavity 34;

[0049] S3. Under the action of pressure, the high-pressure liquid is ejected from the hydraulic nozzle 6 and enters the liquid storage chamber 27. When the high-pressure liquid is ejected from the hydraulic nozzle 6, a moment of rotation around the axis is formed, driving the motor rotor 3 to rotate, and the torque power is output from the power output end 33, thereby driving the load.

[0050] S4. Under the action of gravity, the oil in the liquid storage chamber 27 converges along the inner wall of the liquid storage chamber 27 towards the first liquid outlet 26 and is discharged out of the entire device through the first liquid outlet 26.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention at least include:

[0052] (1). The hydraulic motor provided by the present invention is small in volume, and both the flow rate and the medium used can meet the requirements of the motor parameters required by the coal mine underground power generation system. Moreover, it has low requirements for impurities in the liquid and does not require fine filtration, and can be applied to occasions with a fixed hydraulic source that requires a small amount of rotational power.

[0053] (2). The motor rotor designed in the present invention is rotated by the high-pressure liquid ejected from the hydraulic nozzle, reducing wear and increasing the service life.

[0054] (3). The overall device of the present invention has a simple structure and low cost.

[0055] (4). The present application also designs a shaft shoulder, and the cross-sectional area of the shaft shoulder is equal to that of the liquid inlet, which can reduce the axial force acting on the bearing and eliminate the hydraulic pressure acting axially.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications or equivalent replacements can still be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic motor, comprising: A pump housing (2), a motor rotor (3), and a hydraulic nozzle (6); characterized in that: The pump housing (2) is in the shape of a stepped cylinder, and the inside of the pump housing (2) is hollow; one end of the pump housing (2) is provided with a liquid inlet (24), the other end of the pump housing (2) is provided with a support pipe (25), a liquid storage cavity (27) is provided in the middle of the pump housing (2), a first liquid outlet (26) is provided at the bottom of the pump housing (2), and the liquid storage cavity (27) communicates with the first liquid outlet (26); The motor rotor (3) is arranged inside the pump housing (2), and the motor rotor (3) includes a liquid inlet end (31), a liquid outlet end (32), and a power output end (33) connected in sequence; the power output end (33) includes at least one section of power output shaft, and the power output end (33) passes through the support pipe (25) and extends into the external space; A liquid inlet cavity (34) is provided inside the liquid inlet end (31), the liquid inlet cavity (34) is connected to the liquid inlet (24), a liquid outlet cavity (35) is provided inside the liquid outlet end (32), and the liquid outlet cavity (35) communicates with the liquid inlet cavity (34); hydraulic nozzles (6) are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction on the outer surface of the liquid outlet end (32), and the internal cavity of the hydraulic nozzle (6) communicates with the liquid outlet cavity (35) for spraying the high-pressure liquid entering the liquid outlet cavity (35).

2. A hydraulic motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump housing (2) includes a first-order hollow cylinder (21), a second-order hollow cylinder (22), and a third-order hollow cylinder (23) arranged in sequence; the first-order hollow cylinder (21) has the smallest diameter, the third-order hollow cylinder (23) has the largest diameter, and the second-order hollow cylinder (22) has a diameter smaller than that of the third-order hollow cylinder (23) and larger than that of the first-order hollow cylinder (21).

3. A hydraulic motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid inlet (24) is located at one end of the first-order hollow cylinder (21) away from the third-order hollow cylinder (23), and the support pipe (25) is located at one end of the third-order hollow cylinder (23) away from the first-order hollow cylinder (21).

4. A hydraulic motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid storage cavity (27) is located inside the third-order hollow cylinder (23), and the first liquid outlet (26) is located on the side wall of the third-order hollow cylinder (23) for discharging the liquid sprayed by the hydraulic nozzle (6) out of the entire device.

5. A hydraulic motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid spraying direction of the hydraulic nozzle (6) is tangent to the circumference, and the hydraulic nozzle (6) is a second liquid outlet, and the direction of the second liquid outlet is perpendicular to the power output end (33).

6. A hydraulic motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shoulder (36) is provided at the middle position of the power output end (33), and the cross-sectional area of the liquid inlet (24) is equal to the area of the shoulder (36) for reducing the axial force acting on the bearing (4) and eliminating the hydraulic pressure acting axially.

7. A hydraulic motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power output shaft includes a primary power output shaft (331), a secondary power output shaft (332) and a final power output shaft (333). A seal (1) is provided between the secondary power output shaft (332) and the pump housing (2). The primary power output shaft (331) is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the pump housing (2) through a seal (1) to prevent high-pressure liquid from leaking through the gap between the power output end (33) and the pump housing (2).

8. A hydraulic motor according to claim 1, wherein: The outer wall of the port of the liquid inlet end (31) away from the liquid outlet end (32) is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the pump housing (2) through a seal (1) to prevent high-pressure liquid from leaking through the gap between the liquid inlet end (31) and the pump housing (2).

9. A hydraulic motor according to claim 7, wherein: The support pipe (25) is connected to the final power output shaft (333) through a bearing (4), and the bearing (4) supports the power output end (33). A bearing (4) is provided between the outer wall of one end of the liquid inlet end (31) close to the liquid outlet end (32) and the second-order hollow cylinder (22).

10. A working method of a hydraulic motor, wherein: A hydraulic motor according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: High-pressure liquid enters the liquid inlet chamber (34) from the liquid inlet (24). The high-pressure liquid in the liquid inlet chamber (34) flows along the pipeline of the liquid inlet chamber (34) into the liquid outlet chamber (35). The high-pressure liquid is ejected from the hydraulic nozzle (6) under the action of pressure and enters the liquid storage chamber (27). When the high-pressure liquid is ejected from the hydraulic nozzle (6), a moment of rotation around the axis is formed, driving the motor rotor (3) to rotate, and the torque power is output from the power output end (33), thereby driving the load. The oil in the liquid storage chamber (27) converges along the inner wall of the liquid storage chamber (27) towards the first liquid outlet (26) under the action of gravity and is discharged out of the entire device through the first liquid outlet (26).

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