Microwave laser hybrid axial angle coding device suitable for deep space measurement and control

Abstract

The invention discloses a microwave laser hybrid axial angle coding device suitable for deep space measurement and control, and belongs to the field of spaceflight measurement and control. The system comprises a radio frequency antenna, a radio frequency tracking receiver, a radio frequency antenna angle measurement processing link, a laser antenna, a laser tracking receiver, a laser antenna angle measurement processing link, a tracking control unit, a data synthesis module and an angle calculation module. According to the invention, the radio frequency antenna and the laser antenna are adopted to perform target tracking at the same time, and the axis angle coding information of the radio frequency antenna and the laser antenna is subjected to fusion processing design, so that the axis angle coding precision of the antenna is improved on the premise of ensuring the angle measurement range, and the angle measurement precision of the system is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of aerospace measurement and control, and particularly to a microwave-laser hybrid shaft angle encoding device suitable for deep space measurement and control. Background Art

[0002] In future deep space exploration missions, it is necessary to conduct information interaction of spacecraft earth orbits, celestial orbits, and full mission cycles, as well as large-capacity mission data transmission. While ensuring the reliability of signal transmission, the data transmission rate also needs to be considered. The traditional radio frequency measurement and control communication system has the advantages of high transmission reliability and being less affected by weather. However, due to the long signal transmission distance and large attenuation in deep space exploration missions, only medium and low rate data transmission can be achieved, making it difficult to meet the requirements of a large amount of data interaction between heaven and earth in the future. Laser measurement and control communication can achieve ultra-high rate data transmission and has strong anti-interference ability. However, the laser beam is extremely narrow, the beam alignment between targets is difficult and time-consuming, and the signal transmission is easily affected by weather. Combining the advantages of the two measurement and control communication means, realizing radio frequency / laser fusion transmission is one of the hot research directions in the future deep space exploration field.

[0003] In deep space measurement and control missions, target angle information is one of the important measurement information and is a key parameter determining the target positioning accuracy. The target angle information is generated by the antenna system after angle measurement and angle encoding, and this processing process is called shaft angle encoding. In the traditional radio frequency measurement and control system, the shaft angle encoding accuracy can generally only reach the level of 0.001 degrees, which has become the main bottleneck for the system to improve the angle measurement accuracy. In contrast, the tracking accuracy and shaft angle encoding accuracy of the laser antenna can be better than that of the radio frequency antenna by more than one order of magnitude. However, the laser antenna can only output shaft angle encoding information within an extremely narrow tracking beam range and is difficult to independently achieve angle measurement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a microwave-laser hybrid shaft angle encoding device suitable for deep space measurement and control. Aiming at the characteristics that the radio frequency antenna has a large angle coverage range but low shaft angle encoding accuracy, and the laser antenna has a small angle coverage range but high shaft angle encoding accuracy, the present invention combines the respective advantages of the two, uses the radio frequency antenna and the laser antenna to simultaneously track the target, and designs the fusion processing of the shaft angle encoding information of the radio frequency antenna and the laser antenna. On the premise of ensuring the angle measurement range, the shaft angle encoding accuracy of the antenna is improved, and further the angle measurement accuracy of the system is improved.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0006] A microwave-laser hybrid shaft angle encoding device suitable for deep space measurement and control includes a radio frequency antenna, a radio frequency tracking receiver, a radio frequency antenna angle measurement and processing link, a laser antenna, a laser tracking receiver, a laser antenna angle measurement and processing link, a tracking control unit, a data synthesis module, and an angle calculation module;

[0007] The RF tracking receiver receives the RF signal output by the RF antenna, completes angle error demodulation, generates angle error information and outputs it to the tracking control unit;

[0008] The laser tracking receiver receives the laser signal output by the laser antenna, performs optical signal recognition, calculates the optical signal deviation and outputs it to the tracking control unit;

[0009] The RF antenna angle measurement and processing link measures, encodes and processes the angle pointing of the RF antenna, and transmits the processing result to the data synthesis module;

[0010] The laser antenna angle measurement and processing link measures, encodes and processes the angle pointing of the laser antenna, and transmits the processing result to the data synthesis module;

[0011] The tracking control unit controls the RF antenna and the laser antenna to simultaneously perform target tracking through three working stages, and sends the stage status information to the data synthesis module;

[0012] The data synthesis module reads the stage status information. If it is the RF and laser parallel tracking stage, it synthesizes the two-way data transmitted by the RF antenna angle measurement and processing link and the laser antenna angle measurement and processing link to obtain the axis angle coding result of RF-laser fusion, and outputs it to the angle calculation module. Otherwise, it only outputs the data of the RF antenna angle measurement and processing link to the angle calculation module;

[0013] The angle calculation module calculates the target angle based on the data transmitted by the data synthesis module and outputs the system angle measurement information.

[0014] Further, the three working stages of the tracking control unit are:

[0015] The first stage, the RF tracking stage; in this stage, the tracking control unit receives the angle error information output by the RF tracking receiver, calculates the antenna pointing adjustment amount, generates a pointing control signal according to the calculation result and outputs it to the RF antenna, and real-time controls the RF antenna to adjust the pointing to track the target. After achieving stable tracking of the target, the laser antenna also follows the RF antenna to synchronously adjust the pointing to achieve rough alignment of the target and transfer to the second stage;

[0016] The second stage, the laser tracking stage; in this stage, according to the optical signal deviation output by the laser tracking receiver, calculates the antenna pointing adjustment amount, generates an antenna pointing control signal according to the calculation result and outputs it to the laser antenna, and real-time controls the laser antenna to adjust the pointing to track the target. After achieving stable tracking of the target, transfer to the third stage;

[0017] The third stage is the parallel tracking stage. In this stage, RF tracking and laser tracking are carried out synchronously. The RF antenna adjusts its pointing in real time according to the angular error information. While the laser antenna follows the RF antenna to synchronously adjust its pointing, it also adjusts its pointing autonomously in a small range in real time.

[0018] Furthermore, the RF antenna angle measurement and processing link includes an RF antenna shaft angle encoding unit, a first filtering module, and a first interpolation module.

[0019] The RF antenna shaft angle encoding unit measures and encodes the angular pointing of the RF antenna, and outputs the encoding result to the first filtering module.

[0020] The first filtering module performs digital filtering on the shaft angle encoding result of the RF antenna to complete wild value rejection and smoothing and noise reduction, and outputs the filter result to the first interpolation module.

[0021] The first interpolation module performs interpolation on the shaft angle encoding result output by the first filtering module, and outputs the interpolation result to the data synthesis module.

[0022] Furthermore, the laser antenna angle measurement and processing link includes a laser antenna shaft angle encoding unit, a second filtering module, and a second interpolation module.

[0023] The laser antenna shaft angle encoding unit measures and encodes the angular pointing of the laser antenna, and outputs the encoding result to the second filtering module.

[0024] The second filtering module performs digital filtering on the shaft angle encoding result of the laser antenna to complete wild value rejection and smoothing and noise reduction, and outputs the filter result to the second interpolation module.

[0025] The second interpolation module performs interpolation on the shaft angle encoding result output by the second filtering module, and outputs the interpolation result to the data synthesis module.

[0026] The present invention has the following advantages compared with the background technology:

[0027] (1) Based on the technical background of RF / laser fusion transmission in the deep space TT&C field, the present invention aims to improve the angle measurement accuracy of the system. Considering the characteristics that the RF antenna has a large angular coverage range but low shaft angle encoding accuracy, while the laser antenna has a small angular coverage range but high shaft angle encoding accuracy, by combining the respective advantages of both, the RF antenna and the laser antenna are used to track the target simultaneously, and the shaft angle encoding information of the RF antenna and the laser antenna is fused and processed. The shaft angle encoding result of the RF antenna is used to ensure the range, and the shaft angle encoding result of the laser antenna is used to ensure the accuracy. Thus, on the premise of ensuring the angle measurement range, the shaft angle encoding accuracy of the antenna is improved, and further the angle measurement accuracy of the system is improved.

[0028] (2) At the engineering implementation level, the present invention only needs to add the fusion processing of the shaft angle encoding results of two paths of radio frequency antennas and laser antennas on the basis of the original system. The processing process is simple, which is convenient to be implemented by FPGA, with low implementation complexity, small cost and high practical value. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is the principle block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0031] A microwave laser hybrid shaft angle encoding device suitable for deep space TT&C, referring to Figure 1 , includes: a radio frequency antenna 1, a radio frequency tracking receiver 2, a laser antenna 3, a laser tracking receiver 4, a tracking control unit 5, a radio frequency antenna shaft angle encoding unit 6, a laser antenna shaft angle encoding unit 7, filtering modules 8-1 and 8-2, interpolation modules 9-1 and 9-2, a data synthesis module 10, and an angle calculation module 11. Among them:

[0032] Radio frequency antenna 1: Receives the downlink radio frequency signal of the spacecraft and outputs it to the radio frequency tracking receiver; in addition, receives the radio frequency antenna pointing control signal output by the tracking control unit to adjust the antenna pointing.

[0033] Radio frequency tracking receiver 2: Receives the radio frequency signal output by the radio frequency antenna, completes the angle error demodulation, and generates angle error information to output to the tracking control unit.

[0034] Laser antenna 3: The laser antenna and the radio frequency antenna adopt a synchronous control method to ensure that the optical axis and the electrical axis are consistent. When the radio frequency antenna rotates to adjust the pointing, the laser antenna synchronously adjusts the pointing accordingly. The laser antenna receives the downlink laser signal of the spacecraft and outputs it to the laser tracking receiver; in addition, receives the laser antenna pointing control signal output by the tracking control unit to adjust the antenna pointing.

[0035] Laser tracking receiver 4: Receives the laser signal output by the laser antenna, performs optical signal recognition, and then calculates the optical signal deviation and outputs it to the tracking control unit.

[0036] Tracking control unit 5: Responsible for controlling the radio frequency and laser links to perform target tracking simultaneously. It is divided into three working stages:

[0037] The first stage is the RF tracking stage. In this stage, the tracking control unit receives the angular error information output by the RF tracking receiver, calculates the antenna pointing adjustment amount, generates a pointing control signal according to the calculation result, and outputs it to the RF antenna to control the RF antenna to adjust the pointing to track the target in real time. After achieving stable tracking of the target, the laser antenna also follows the RF antenna to synchronously adjust the pointing to achieve rough alignment of the target, and then it enters the second stage;

[0038] The second stage is the laser tracking stage. According to the optical signal deviation output by the laser tracking receiver, the antenna pointing adjustment amount is calculated, and an antenna pointing control signal is generated according to the calculation result and output to the laser antenna to control the laser antenna to adjust the pointing to track the target in real time. After achieving stable tracking of the target, it enters the third stage;

[0039] The third stage is the parallel tracking stage. RF tracking and laser tracking are carried out synchronously. The RF antenna adjusts the pointing in real time according to the angular error information. While the laser antenna follows the RF antenna to synchronously adjust the pointing, it also adjusts the pointing autonomously in a small range in real time;

[0040] RF antenna shaft angle encoding unit 6: Measures and encodes the angular pointing of the RF antenna, and outputs the encoding result to the filtering module;

[0041] Laser antenna shaft angle encoding unit 7: Measures and encodes the angular pointing of the laser antenna, and outputs the encoding result to the filtering module;

[0042] Filtering modules 8-1, 8-2: Perform digital filtering on the shaft angle encoding results of the RF antenna or the laser antenna, complete wild value rejection and smoothing and noise reduction, and output the filter results to the interpolation module;

[0043] Interpolation modules 9-1, 9-2: Perform interpolation on the shaft angle encoding results output by the filtering module, improve the data sampling rate, and keep the update frequencies of the RF antenna shaft angle encoding result and the laser antenna shaft angle encoding result consistent. Output the interpolation result to the data synthesis module;

[0044] Data synthesis module 10: Sums the interpolated RF antenna shaft angle encoding result and the laser antenna shaft angle encoding result to obtain the shaft angle encoding result of RF-laser fusion, and outputs it to the angle calculation module;

[0045] Angle calculation module 11: Calculates the target angle according to the shaft angle encoding result of RF-laser fusion, and outputs the system angle measurement information, which is the high-precision shaft angle encoding result of microwave-laser hybrid.

[0046] In summary, based on the technical background of radio frequency / laser fusion transmission in the deep space TT&C field, the present invention aims at the characteristics that the radio frequency antenna has a large angle coverage range but low shaft angle encoding accuracy, while the laser antenna has a small angle coverage range but high shaft angle encoding accuracy. By combining the respective advantages of the two, the radio frequency antenna and the laser antenna are used simultaneously for target tracking, and the shaft angle encoding information of the radio frequency antenna and the laser antenna is fused and processed. The shaft angle encoding result of the radio frequency antenna is used to ensure the range, and the shaft angle encoding result of the laser antenna is used to ensure the accuracy. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the angle measurement range, the shaft angle encoding accuracy of the antenna is improved, and further the angle measurement accuracy of the system is improved. At the engineering implementation level, the present invention only needs to add the fusion processing of the shaft angle encoding results of the radio frequency antenna and the laser antenna on the basis of the original system. The processing process is simple, easy to be implemented by FPGA, with low implementation complexity and low cost.

Claims

1. A microwave-laser hybrid shaft angle encoding device applicable to deep space TT&C, characterized in that It includes a radio frequency antenna, a radio frequency tracking receiver, a radio frequency antenna angle measurement and processing link, a laser antenna, a laser tracking receiver, a laser antenna angle measurement and processing link, a tracking control unit, a data synthesis module, and an angle calculation module; The radio frequency tracking receiver receives the radio frequency signal output by the radio frequency antenna, completes angle error demodulation, generates angle error information and outputs it to the tracking control unit; The laser tracking receiver receives the laser signal output by the laser antenna, performs optical signal recognition, calculates the optical signal deviation and outputs it to the tracking control unit; The radio frequency antenna angle measurement and processing link measures, encodes and processes the angle pointing of the radio frequency antenna, and transmits the processing result to the data synthesis module; The laser antenna angle measurement and processing link measures, encodes and processes the angle pointing of the laser antenna, and transmits the processing result to the data synthesis module; The tracking control unit controls the radio frequency antenna and the laser antenna to simultaneously perform target tracking through three working stages, and sends the stage status information to the data synthesis module; The data synthesis module reads the stage status information. If it is the radio frequency and laser parallel tracking stage, it synthesizes the two-way data transmitted from the radio frequency antenna angle measurement and processing link and the laser antenna angle measurement and processing link to obtain the shaft angle encoding result of radio frequency and laser fusion, and outputs it to the angle calculation module. Otherwise, it only outputs the data of the radio frequency antenna angle measurement and processing link to the angle calculation module; The angle calculation module calculates the target angle based on the data transmitted from the data synthesis module and outputs the system angle measurement information.

2. The microwave laser hybrid shaft angle encoding device applicable to deep space TT&C according to claim 1, characterized in that The three working stages of the tracking control unit are: The first stage, the radio frequency tracking stage; in this stage, the tracking control unit receives the angle error information output by the radio frequency tracking receiver, calculates the antenna pointing adjustment amount, generates a pointing control signal according to the calculation result and outputs it to the radio frequency antenna, and real-time controls the radio frequency antenna to adjust the pointing to track the target. After achieving stable target tracking, the laser antenna also follows the radio frequency antenna to synchronously adjust the pointing to achieve rough alignment of the target and transfer to the second stage; The second stage, the laser tracking stage; in this stage, according to the optical signal deviation output by the laser tracking receiver, calculates the antenna pointing adjustment amount, generates an antenna pointing control signal according to the calculation result and outputs it to the laser antenna, and real-time controls the laser antenna to adjust the pointing to track the target. After achieving stable target tracking, transfer to the third stage; The third stage, the parallel tracking stage; in this stage, radio frequency tracking and laser tracking are carried out synchronously. The radio frequency antenna adjusts the pointing in real time according to the angle error information. While the laser antenna follows the radio frequency antenna to synchronously adjust the pointing, it also adjusts the pointing independently in a small range in real time.

3. The microwave laser hybrid shaft angle encoding device applicable to deep space TT&C according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radio frequency antenna angle measurement and processing link includes a radio frequency antenna shaft angle encoding unit, a first filtering module, and a first interpolation module; The radio frequency antenna shaft angle encoding unit measures and encodes the angle pointing of the radio frequency antenna, and outputs the encoding result to the first filtering module; The first filtering module performs digital filtering processing on the shaft angle encoding result of the radio frequency antenna, completes wild value elimination and smoothing and noise reduction, and outputs the filter result to the first interpolation module; The first interpolation module performs interpolation processing on the shaft angle encoding result output by the first filtering module and outputs the interpolation result to the data synthesis module.

4. A microwave-laser hybrid shaft angle encoding device applicable to deep space TT&C, characterized in that, The laser antenna angle measurement processing link includes a laser antenna shaft angle encoding unit, a second filtering module, and a second interpolation module; The laser antenna shaft angle encoding unit measures and encodes the angle pointing of the laser antenna and outputs the encoding result to the second filtering module; The second filtering module performs digital filtering processing on the shaft angle encoding result of the laser antenna to complete wild value rejection and smoothing noise reduction, and outputs the filter result to the second interpolation module; The second interpolation module performs interpolation processing on the shaft angle encoding result output by the second filtering module and outputs the interpolation result to the data synthesis module.

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