Body fluid sample collecting device for hydrothorax and ascites and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of surgical instruments, and provides a body fluid sample collection device for hydrothorax and ascites and a use method thereof. A pretreatment device is arranged between a body fluid bottle and a suction pipeline and comprises a viscosity control part, the viscosity control part is provided with a conical pipe, the inner diameter of the end, close to the suction pipeline, of the conical pipe is smaller than that of the end, away from the suction pipeline, of the conical pipe, and branch pipe openings capable of being opened and closed are formed in the two ends of the conical pipe. The branch pipe openings comprise the first branch pipe opening and the second branch pipe opening, and the first branch pipe opening is closer to the suction pipeline than the second branch pipe opening. The problems that in the hydrothorax and ascites suction process, due to clots such as fibrin of high-viscosity hydrothorax and ascites, a suction pipeline is blocked, and the microscopic examination accuracy is affected are avoided; the problems that before and after the pleural and ascitic fluid needs to be sucked for multiple times and the pleural and ascitic fluid is indwelled and sucked, the pipeline is blocked due to residual clots in the pipeline, and even indwelling and suction instruments need to be replaced are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surgical instruments, and provides a body fluid sample collection device for pleural effusion and ascites and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Pleural effusion and ascites are common clinical pathological signs, which are mostly caused by malignant tumors, liver cirrhosis, heart failure, infectious diseases or hypoproteinemia, etc. Obtaining pleural effusion and ascites samples through puncture for biochemical detection, cytological analysis and microbial culture is of great value for clarifying the cause, guiding treatment and prognostic evaluation. At present, the main clinical collection methods are to use traditional puncture needles in combination with syringes for aspiration or connect drainage bags, but there are the following technical defects: the risk of sample contamination, open operation is easy to cause air contact or instrument contamination. Especially during cytological examination, the mixing of external microorganisms or impurities may cause false positive misjudgment. Research shows that according to the data of the Journal of Clinical Laboratory in 2022, the microbial contamination rate of samples collected in an open manner can reach 12% - 15%; degradation of active ingredients, the traditional device lacks an anticoagulation protection mechanism, and fibrin coagulation will lead to the formation of cell clumps, affecting the accuracy of microscopic examination; low operation efficiency, manual multiple aspirations require repeated disassembly of instruments, increasing the risk of pneumothorax or accidental injury to organs. The prior art CN112972783B discloses a device for separating and purifying tumor cells from malignant pleural effusion and ascites, including an aspiration pipeline, and also including a centrifugation device and a centrifugation bottle assembly. The centrifugation device is composed of a fixed seat, a control panel, a servo motor, a coupling, a ferrule, a placement groove, a sliding groove, a spring, a clamping seat and an avoidance hole. The centrifugation bottle assembly is composed of a lower bottle body, a lower centrifugation drum, a filter layer, an upper bottle body, an upper centrifugation drum and a rubber stopper. The inventor believes that there is room for improvement in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to avoid blockage of the aspiration pipeline caused by clots such as fibrin in highly viscous pleural effusion and ascites during the aspiration process and affect the accuracy of microscopic examination. Secondly, avoid the need for multiple aspirations of pleural effusion and ascites, and the residual clots in the pipeline before and after the aspiration process of indwelling and aspirating pleural effusion and ascites cause pipeline blockage, and even the need to replace indwelling and aspirating instruments; initially separate the cells and liquid in the pleural effusion and ascites sample to facilitate subsequent biochemical detection and cytological analysis.

[0004] A body fluid sample collection device for pleural effusion and ascites, comprising a suction pipeline and a body fluid bottle connected to the suction pipeline. A pretreatment device is provided between the body fluid bottle and the suction pipeline. The pretreatment device includes a viscosity control part. The viscosity control part is provided with a conical tube. The inner diameter of the conical tube near the suction pipeline end is smaller than that of the end far from the suction pipeline. Both ends of the conical tube are provided with openable and closable branch ports. The branch ports include a first branch port and a second branch port. The first branch port is closer to the suction pipeline than the second branch port. During the suction process, the high-viscosity pleural effusion and ascites sample passes through the conical tube with a gradually increasing inner diameter. The increasing cross-sectional area through which the pleural effusion and ascites sample passes can effectively prevent the pleural effusion and ascites sample from clotting and blocking in the pipeline. Openable and closable branch ports are provided at both ends of the conical tube. Anticoagulant can be added through the first branch port according to the viscosity of the pleural effusion and ascites sample. The anticoagulant and the pleural effusion and ascites sample are fully mixed in the conical tube to dilute the pleural effusion and ascites sample in the conical tube. And before and / or after use, anticoagulant is added through the second branch port. The anticoagulant fully cleans or seals the conical tube and the pipeline connected to the suction pipeline, avoiding pipeline blockage caused by residual pleural effusion and ascites samples in the pipeline. The above anticoagulant can be physiological saline, heparin saline, etc.

[0005] Preferably, the viscosity control part is provided with at least two electrodes with a pressure difference between them, and the inner wall of the conical tube is provided with a conductive coating. By using the conductive coating on the inner wall of the conical tube and the electrodes of the viscosity control part, a direct current electric field is applied to the conical tube to form an electroosmotic flow. The conductive coating can adopt a nano-porous silica coating, and the electrodes adopt platinum-plated titanium alloy. Forming an electric field of 1 - 5 V / mm can increase the flow rate of a pleural effusion and ascites simulation solution with a viscosity of 1.5 - 5 cP by 30% - 50% under other same conditions. At the same time, since the electric field force directly acts on the liquid molecules in the pleural effusion and ascites simulation solution, it can inhibit or even separate the deposition of cell debris or fibrin on the tube wall and the clotting during the flow process.

[0006] Preferably, a first sealing section is provided at one end of the viscosity control part close to the suction pipeline. The first sealing section connects the conical tube and the suction pipeline, and a first electrode is provided inside the first sealing section. A second sealing section is provided at one end of the viscosity control part far from the suction pipeline. The second sealing section connects the viscosity control part and the centrifugation part, and a second electrode is provided on the second sealing section. There is a pressure difference between the first electrode and the second electrode. With the above settings, the action time and action range of the electroosmotic flow are controlled to avoid the electroosmotic flow from changing the biochemical characteristics of the pleural effusion and ascites. At the same time, there is a suction pipeline and its pipeline interval between the electrode and the patient, which can avoid possible tissue damage to the patient caused by the voltage.

[0007] Preferably, the pretreatment device further includes a centrifugation part, and the centrifugation part includes a first housing. The inner ring of the first housing is provided with a sample inlet end connected to the second sealing section. The centrifugation part is provided to screen the mixture in the drained pleural effusion or ascites sample, facilitating subsequent different biochemical tests and cytological analyses of different components of the drained pleural effusion or ascites sample.

[0008] Preferably, a supernatant outlet end is provided on the outer ring of the first housing and is connected to a body fluid bottle. The sample inlet end is located below the supernatant outlet end, and a cell sieve is provided between the sample inlet end and the supernatant outlet end. During centrifugation, the first housing rotates, and the supernatant and some fine particles such as cell debris will be screened to the upper layer of the sample. The body fluid bottle collects the supernatant and fine particles. The precipitate and large-particle cell debris and other particles will sink to the bottom of the sample, completing the separation of the pleural effusion or ascites sample; with the above settings, the cell sieve can prevent some precipitate and large-particle debris from being screened out from the supernatant outlet end during the initial centrifugation process, improving the separation rate of the sample; and during the centrifugation and screening process, the pleural effusion or ascites will wash the surface of the cell sieve, avoiding the need to frequently clean the cell sieve due to blockage.

[0009] Preferably, the second sealing section is provided with a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is used to make the internal medium of the pretreatment device flow from the viscosity control part to the centrifugation part. Before and / or after and / or when the pipeline is blocked during the use of the body fluid sample collection device, it is necessary to inject anticoagulant into the second branch pipe orifice. The one-way valve provided in the second sealing section can prevent the anticoagulant for flushing the pipeline and sealing the pipe from flowing back, causing pipeline contamination; and prevent the pleural effusion or ascites sample after centrifugation and screening from flowing back, resulting in repeated screening of the already centrifuged and screened sample, and avoid prolonging the pleural effusion or ascites drainage time.

[0010] Preferably, the centrifugation part further includes a second housing, and a centrifugal power device is fixed inside the second housing. The output end of the centrifugal power device is connected to the bottom of the first housing.

[0011] Preferably, the first housing is provided with a precipitate outlet end, and the top of the second housing is provided with a precipitate inlet end. The precipitate inlet end is communicated with the precipitate outlet end, and the precipitate outlet end is located at the lower part of the side wall of the first housing. The second housing is provided to timely collect the precipitate and large-particle particles that have been centrifuged and screened, and the body fluid bottle is provided to timely collect the supernatant and fine particles that have been centrifuged and screened, avoiding the accumulation of the pleural effusion or ascites sample in the first housing for repeated screening, reducing the volume of the first housing and the required power of the centrifugal power device of the first housing, facilitating the selection of a miniaturized centrifugal power device, and reducing the total weight of the body fluid sample collection device.

[0012] Preferably, the second housing includes at least two separate parts. The separate part includes a collection separate part and a cover plate separate part at the top of the collection separate part. The cover plate separate part is provided with a sediment inlet end, and the cover plate separate part isolates the interior of the collection separate part from the external environment. With the above arrangement, the collection separate part of the second housing can be disassembled, separated and replaced, which is convenient for timely sending the collected sediment and large-particle separate parts for inspection, and at the same time does not delay the continuous processing and screening of the pleural effusion and ascites samples by the body fluid sample collection device; the shape of the collection separate part is similar to that of a culture dish, which is convenient for directly sending the collection separate part for inspection later, reducing the risk of sample exposure and contamination during the sample transfer process. The cover plate separate part keeps the interior of the collection separate part isolated from the external environment, avoiding sample contamination during the collection of pleural effusion and ascites samples.

[0013] A method for using a body fluid sample collection device for pleural effusion and ascites, applicable to the above-mentioned body fluid sample collection device for pleural effusion and ascites. Before and / or after and / or when the pipeline is blocked during the use of the body fluid sample collection device, an anticoagulant can be added to the viscosity control part through the second branch port. During the use of the body fluid sample collection device, an anticoagulant can be added to the viscosity control part through the first branch port. During the suction process, the high-viscosity pleural effusion and ascites samples pass through a conical tube with a gradually increasing inner diameter. The increasing cross-sectional area through which the pleural effusion and ascites samples pass can effectively prevent the pleural effusion and ascites samples from clotting and blocking in the pipeline; both ends of the conical tube are provided with openable and closable branch ports, and anticoagulants can be added through the first branch port according to the viscosity of the pleural effusion and ascites samples. The anticoagulant and the pleural effusion and ascites samples in the conical tube are fully mixed to dilute the pleural effusion and ascites samples in the conical tube. Before and / or after use, anticoagulants are added through the second branch port, and the anticoagulants fully clean or seal the conical tube and the pipeline connecting the suction pipeline, avoiding residual pleural effusion and ascites samples in the pipeline from causing pipeline blockage.

[0014] The present invention solves the problems that during the aspiration of pleural effusion and ascites, the aspiration pipeline is blocked due to clots such as fibrin in the high-viscosity pleural effusion and ascites, and the accuracy of microscopic examination is affected; before and after the multiple aspiration of pleural effusion and ascites and during the aspiration process of indwelling and aspirating pleural effusion and ascites, the residual clots in the pipeline cause pipeline blockage, and even indwelling and aspiration instruments need to be replaced, and has the following beneficial effects: increasing the flow rate of the pleural effusion and ascites simulation solution by 30% - 50% under other same conditions; directly acting on the liquid molecules in the pleural effusion and ascites simulation solution through the electric field force to further inhibit or even separate the deposition of cell debris or fibrin on the pipe wall and the clotting during the flow process; miniaturizing the centrifugal power device to reduce the total weight of the body fluid sample collection device; the pleural effusion and ascites samples can be separated and sent for inspection in a timely manner. Description of the Drawings

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other implementation drawings can also be obtained by extending according to the provided drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a front view of a body fluid sample collection device for pleural effusion and ascites; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a body fluid sample collection device for pleural effusion and ascites; Figure 3 It is a sectional view of a body fluid sample collection device for pleural effusion and ascites; Figure 4 It is a front view of the viscosity control part of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the viscosity control part of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first housing of the centrifugal part of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a sectional view of the first housing of the centrifugal part of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second housing of the centrifugal part of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a sectional view of the second housing of the centrifugal part of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the split cover of the second housing of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a sectional view of the split cover of the second housing of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals: 1 suction pipeline; 2 viscosity control part; 21 first sealing section; 21a first electrode; 22 first branch pipe orifice; 23 conical pipe; 24 second branch pipe orifice; 25 second sealing section; 25a second electrode; 25b one-way valve; 26 sample outlet end; 27 conductive coating; 3 centrifugal part; 31 first housing; 31a sample inlet end; 31b sediment outlet end; 31c cell sieve; 32 second housing; 32a split cover; 32b collection split; 32c centrifugal power device; 32d sediment inlet end; 4 body fluid bottle. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0019] Example 1 As shown in combination with Figures 1 to 3 , a body fluid sample collection device for pleural effusion and ascites includes a suction pipeline 1 and a body fluid bottle 4 connected to the suction pipeline 1. A pretreatment device is provided between the body fluid bottle 4 and the suction pipeline 1. The pretreatment device includes a viscosity control part 2. The viscosity control part 2 is provided with a tapered tube 23. The inner diameter of the tapered tube 23 at the end close to the suction pipeline 1 is smaller than the inner diameter at the end far from the suction pipeline 1. Both ends of the tapered tube 23 are provided with openable and closable branch ports. The branch ports include a first branch port 22 and a second branch port 24. The first branch port 22 is closer to the suction pipeline 1 than the second branch port 24. During the suction process, the high-viscosity pleural effusion and ascites sample passes through the tapered tube 23 with a gradually increasing inner diameter. The increased cross-sectional area through which the pleural effusion and ascites sample passes can effectively prevent the pleural effusion and ascites sample from clotting and blocking in the pipeline. Openable and closable branch ports are provided at both ends of the tapered tube 23. Anticoagulant can be added from the first branch port 22 according to the viscosity of the pleural effusion and ascites sample. The anticoagulant and the pleural effusion and ascites sample are fully mixed in the tapered tube 23 to dilute the pleural effusion and ascites sample in the tapered tube 23. Before and / or after use, anticoagulant is added from the second branch port 24, and the anticoagulant fully cleans or seals the tapered tube 23 and the pipeline connecting the suction pipeline 1 to prevent residual pleural effusion and ascites samples in the pipeline from causing pipeline blockage. The above anticoagulant can be physiological saline, heparin saline, etc.

[0020] As shown in combination with Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the viscosity control part 2 is provided with two electrodes, and there is a pressure difference between the electrodes. The inner wall of the tapered tube 23 is provided with a conductive coating 27. One end of the viscosity control part 2 close to the suction pipeline 1 is provided with a first sealing section 21. The first sealing section 21 connects the tapered tube 23 and the suction pipeline 1. A first electrode 21a is provided inside the first sealing section 21. One end of the viscosity control part 2 far from the suction pipeline 1 is provided with a second sealing section 25. The second sealing section 25 connects the viscosity control part 2 and the centrifugation part 3. The second sealing section 25 is provided with a second electrode 25a and a sample outlet end 26. There is a pressure difference between the first electrode 21a and the second electrode 25a.

[0021] A direct current electric field is applied to the conical tube 23 by means of the inner wall conductive coating 27 of the conical tube 23 and the electrodes of the viscosity control section 2 to form an electroosmotic flow. The conductive coating 27 can be a nanoporous silica coating, and the electrodes are made of platinum-plated titanium alloy. Forming an electric field of 1-5 V / mm can increase the flow rate of the ascites and hydrothorax simulated solution with a viscosity of 1.5-5 cP by 30%-50% under other same conditions; at the same time, since the electric field force directly acts on the liquid molecules in the ascites and hydrothorax simulated solution, it can inhibit or even separate the deposition of cell debris or fibrin on the tube wall and the clotting during the flow process. With the above settings, the action time and action range of the electroosmotic flow are controlled to avoid the electroosmotic flow from changing the biochemical properties of the ascites and hydrothorax. At the same time, there is a suction pipeline 1 and its pipeline interval between the electrode and the patient, which can avoid the possible tissue damage caused by the voltage to the patient.

[0022] As Figure 5 shown, the second sealing section 25 is provided with a one-way valve 25b, and the one-way valve 25b is used to make the internal medium of the pretreatment device flow from the viscosity control section 2 to the centrifugation section 3. Before and / or after and / or when the pipeline is blocked during the use of the body fluid sample collection device, it is necessary to inject anticoagulant into the second branch pipe orifice 24. The one-way valve provided in the second sealing section 25 can avoid the backflow of the anticoagulant for flushing the pipeline and sealing the pipe, resulting in pipeline contamination; and avoid the backflow of the ascites and hydrothorax samples after centrifugal screening, resulting in repeated screening of the already centrifuged and screened samples, and avoid prolonging the ascites and hydrothorax drainage time.

[0023] Combined with Figure 2 and Figure 6 shown, the pretreatment device further includes a centrifugation section 3. The centrifugation section 3 includes a first housing 31, and a sample inlet end 31a is provided on the inner ring of the first housing 31 and is connected to the second sealing section 25. The centrifugation section 3 is provided to screen the mixture in the drained ascites and hydrothorax samples, facilitating subsequent different biochemical detections and cytological analyses of different components of the drained ascites and hydrothorax samples.

[0024] Combined with Figure 3 and Figure 7As shown, a supernatant outlet end is provided on the outer ring of the first housing 31 and is connected to the body fluid bottle 4. The sample inlet end 31a is located below the supernatant outlet end. A cell sieve 31c is provided between the sample inlet end 31a and the supernatant outlet end. During centrifugation, the first housing 31 rotates. The supernatant and fine particles such as some small-sized cell debris will be screened to the upper layer of the sample, and the body fluid bottle 4 collects the supernatant and fine particles. The precipitate and large-sized cell debris and other particles will sink to the bottom of the sample, completing the separation of the pleural effusion and ascites samples; with the above settings, the cell sieve 31c can prevent some precipitates and large-sized debris from being screened out from the supernatant outlet end during the initial centrifugation process, improving the separation rate of the sample; and, during the centrifugal screening process, the pleural effusion and ascites will wash the surface of the cell sieve 31c, preventing the cell sieve 31c from being blocked and avoiding the need to frequently clean the cell sieve 31c.

[0025] Combined with Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the centrifugation part 3 further includes a second housing 32. A centrifugal power device 32c is fixed inside the second housing 32, and the output end of the centrifugal power device 32c is connected to the bottom of the first housing 31.

[0026] As Figure 9 shown, the first housing 31 is provided with a precipitate outlet end 31b, and the top of the second housing 32 is provided with a precipitate inlet end 32d. The precipitate inlet end 32d is communicated with the precipitate outlet end 31b, and the precipitate outlet end 31b is located at the lower part of the side wall of the first housing 31. The second housing 32 is provided to timely collect the precipitates and large-sized particles that have been centrifugally screened, and the body fluid bottle 4 is provided to timely collect the supernatant and small-sized particles that have been centrifugally screened, preventing the pleural effusion and ascites samples from accumulating in the first housing 31 for repeated screening, reducing the volume of the first housing 31 and the required power of the centrifugal power device 32c of the first housing 31, facilitating the selection of a miniaturized centrifugal power device 32c, and reducing the total weight of the body fluid sample collection device.

[0027] Combined with Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the second housing 32 includes two parts. The part includes a collection part 32b and a cover part 32a on the top of the collection part 32b. The cover part 32a is provided with a precipitate inlet end 32d, and the cover part 32a isolates the inside of the collection part 32b from the external environment. With the above settings, the collection part 32b of the second housing 32 can be disassembled and separated for replacement, facilitating the timely submission of the collected precipitates and large-sized parts for inspection, and at the same time not delaying the continuous processing and screening of the pleural effusion and ascites samples by the body fluid sample collection device; the shape of the collection part 32b is similar to that of a petri dish, facilitating the subsequent direct submission of the collection part 32b for inspection, reducing the risk of sample exposure and contamination during the sample transfer process, and the cover part 32a keeps the inside of the collection part 32b isolated from the external environment, avoiding sample contamination during the process of collecting pleural effusion and ascites samples.

[0028] A method for using a body fluid sample collection device for pleural and ascitic fluids, which is applicable to the above-mentioned body fluid sample collection device for pleural and ascitic fluids. Before and / or after use and / or when the pipeline is blocked, the anticoagulant can be added to the viscosity control part 2 through the second branch port 24 of the body fluid sample collection device. During the use of the body fluid sample collection device, the anticoagulant can be added to the viscosity control part 2 through the first branch port 22. During the suction process, the high-viscosity pleural and ascitic fluid sample passes through the conical tube 23 with a gradually increasing inner diameter. The increasing cross-sectional area through which the pleural and ascitic fluid sample passes can effectively prevent the pleural and ascitic fluid sample from clotting and blocking in the pipeline. Both ends of the conical tube 23 are provided with openable and closable branch ports. The anticoagulant can be added through the first branch port 22 according to the viscosity of the pleural and ascitic fluid sample. In the conical tube 23, the anticoagulant and the pleural and ascitic fluid sample are fully mixed to dilute the pleural and ascitic fluid sample in the conical tube 23. Before and / or after use, the anticoagulant is added through the second branch port 24. The anticoagulant fully cleans or seals the conical tube 23 and the pipeline connecting the suction pipeline 1 to prevent the remaining pleural and ascitic fluid sample in the pipeline from causing pipeline blockage.

[0029] The present invention solves the problems that during the aspiration of pleural and ascitic fluids, the aspiration pipeline 1 is blocked due to clots such as fibrin in the high-viscosity pleural and ascitic fluids, which affects the accuracy of microscopic examination; after multiple aspirations of pleural and ascitic fluids and during the aspiration process of indwelling and aspirating pleural and ascitic fluids, the residual clots in the pipeline cause pipeline blockage, and even the need to replace the indwelling and aspiration instruments. And it has the following beneficial effects: the flow rate of the pleural and ascitic fluid simulation solution is increased by 30% - 50% under other same conditions; the liquid molecules in the pleural and ascitic fluid simulation solution are directly affected by the electric field force to further inhibit or even separate the deposition of cell debris or fibrin on the pipe wall and the clotting during the flow process; the miniaturized centrifugal power device 32c reduces the total weight of the body fluid sample collection device; the pleural and ascitic fluid sample can be separated and sent for inspection in a timely manner.

[0030] The above embodiments and / or implementation manners are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation manners for realizing the technology of the present invention, and do not impose any formal restrictions on the implementation manners of the technology of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present invention, can make some modifications to other equivalent embodiments, but should still be regarded as the same technology or embodiment as the present invention in essence.

Claims

1. A body fluid sample collection device for pleural effusion and ascites, comprising a suction pipeline (1) and a body fluid bottle (4) connected to the suction pipeline (1), characterized in that, A pretreatment device is provided between the body fluid bottle (4) and the suction pipeline (1). The pretreatment device includes a viscosity control part (2). The viscosity control part (2) is provided with a tapered tube (23). The inner diameter of the tapered tube (23) at the end close to the suction pipeline (1) is smaller than that at the end far from the suction pipeline (1). Both ends of the tapered tube (23) are provided with openable and closable branch ports. The branch ports include a first branch port (22) and a second branch port (24). The first branch port (22) is closer to the suction pipeline (1) than the second branch port (24).

2. The body fluid sample collection device for pleural effusion and ascites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The viscosity control part (2) is provided with at least two electrodes. There is a pressure difference between the electrodes. The inner wall of the tapered tube (23) is provided with a conductive coating (27).

3. The body fluid sample collection device for pleural effusion and ascites according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the viscosity control part (2) close to the suction pipeline (1) is provided with a first sealing section (21). The first sealing section (21) connects the tapered tube (23) and the suction pipeline (1). A first electrode (21a) is arranged inside the first sealing section (21). One end of the viscosity control part (2) far from the suction pipeline (1) is provided with a second sealing section (25). The second sealing section (25) connects the viscosity control part (2) and the centrifugation part (3). A second electrode (25a) is arranged in the second sealing section (25). There is a pressure difference between the first electrode (21a) and the second electrode (25a).

4. The body fluid sample collection device for hydrothorax and ascites according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pretreatment device further includes a centrifugation part (3). The centrifugation part (3) includes a first housing (31). A sample inlet end (31a) is arranged on the inner ring of the first housing (31) and is connected to the second sealing section (25).

5. The body fluid sample collection device for pleural effusion and ascites according to claim 4, wherein A clear liquid outlet end is arranged on the outer ring of the first housing (31) and is connected to the body fluid bottle (4). The sample inlet end (31a) is located below the clear liquid outlet end. A cell sieve (31c) is arranged between the sample inlet end (31a) and the clear liquid outlet end.

6. The body fluid sample collection device for hydrothorax and ascites according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second sealing section (25) is provided with a one-way valve (25b). The one-way valve (25b) is used to make the internal medium of the pretreatment device flow from the viscosity control part (2) to the centrifugation part (3).

7. A body fluid sample collection device for pleural effusion and ascites, characterized in that, The centrifugation part (3) further includes a second housing (32). A centrifugal power device (32c) is fixed inside the second housing (32). The output end of the centrifugal power device (32c) is connected to the bottom of the first housing (31).

8. The body fluid sample collection device for hydrothorax and ascites according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first housing (31) is provided with a sediment outlet end (31b). The top of the second housing (32) is provided with a sediment inlet end (32d). The sediment inlet end (32d) is communicated with the sediment outlet end (31b). The sediment outlet end (31b) is located at the lower part of the side wall of the first housing (31).

9. The body fluid sample collection device for hydrothorax and ascites according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second housing (32) comprises at least two parts, the parts comprising a collection part (32b) and a cover part (32a) on top of the collection part (32b), the cover part (32a) being provided with the sediment inlet end (32d), and the cover part (32a) isolating the interior of the collection part (32b) from the external environment.

10. A method for using a body fluid sample collection device for pleural and ascitic fluids, applicable to a body fluid sample collection device for pleural and ascitic fluids according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Before use and / or after use and / or when the pipeline is blocked, the body fluid sample collection device can add anticoagulant to the viscosity control part (2) through the second branch pipe orifice (24), and during use, the body fluid sample collection device can add anticoagulant to the viscosity control part (2) through the first branch pipe orifice (22).

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