Continuously variable transmission and motorcycle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motorcycles, and discloses a continuously variable transmission which comprises a continuously variable transmission mechanism and an executing mechanism. A fixed wheel and a movable wheel of a primary belt wheel in the speed change mechanism are installed on an output shaft, the movable wheel can move in the axial direction, the movable wheel is pushed or pulled through a release bearing, the distance between the movable wheel and the fixed wheel is changed, and therefore the linear speed and the transmission ratio of the belt wheel are adjusted. The actuating mechanism comprises a driving motor, a fork shaft and a release fork, and the rotating power of the driving unit is converted into the reciprocating motion of a release bearing through a release lever structure formed by the fork shaft and the release fork, so that the stepless speed change function is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motorcycles, and in particular to a continuously variable transmission and a motorcycle. Background Art

[0002] In the field of motorcycle power transmission, continuously variable transmission has been widely used due to its ability to keep the engine running at the best working condition. At present, the way to change the transmission ratio of motorcycle continuously variable transmission mainly adopts the pulizhu continuously variable transmission method as the actuator of continuously variable transmission. This method is based on the principle of centrifugal force. During the operation of the motorcycle, the pulizhu is affected by the speed to generate centrifugal force, automatically adjust the transmission ratio, and realize continuously variable transmission.

[0003] However, there are many problems that need to be solved in the existing Pulley continuously variable transmission actuator. From the perspective of transmission efficiency, it relies on the friction transmission between the belt and the Pulley disc. This transmission method has a large energy loss, resulting in relatively low transmission efficiency, which in turn causes high fuel consumption. It not only increases the user's use cost, but also does not conform to the current development trend of energy conservation and environmental protection. In terms of component maintenance, key components such as the Pulley disc are extremely easy to wear during the long-term friction transmission process. Frequent wear requires these components to be replaced regularly, which not only reduces the reliability of the system, but also greatly increases the user's maintenance cost, causing many inconveniences to the user. In addition, due to the limitations of its transmission efficiency, the Pulley continuously variable transmission actuator is usually only suitable for small-displacement models, and it is difficult to meet the power requirements of high-performance motorcycles with large torque output, which limits the application of continuously variable transmissions in a wider range of motorcycle models. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a continuously variable transmission, so as to change the way in which the continuously variable transmission adjusts the transmission ratio and improve the application range of the continuously variable transmission on motorcycles.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a continuously variable transmission, including a continuously variable transmission mechanism and an actuator, the continuously variable transmission mechanism including an output assembly, the output assembly including a primary belt pulley fixed wheel, a primary belt pulley driven wheel and an output shaft, the primary belt pulley fixed wheel and the primary belt pulley driven wheel are both arranged on the output shaft, and the primary belt pulley driven wheel can move axially along the output shaft; the actuator includes a driving unit and an actuator unit, the actuator unit includes a fork shaft, a release fork and a release bearing, the fork shaft is rotatably arranged on the motorcycle and can rotate under the drive of the driving unit, the release fork is fixedly arranged on the fork shaft, and the free end of the release fork is hinged to the release bearing, so that the release fork is driven to swing through the fork shaft, and then the release bearing is driven to move linearly back and forth through the swing of the release fork, and the release bearing is slidably arranged on the output shaft and can push the primary belt pulley driven wheel to move axially along the output shaft.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: In this solution, a release lever structure is formed by the cross shaft and the release fork. The rotational power of the drive unit is converted into the power to drive the release bearing to reciprocate through the release lever structure. When the release bearing moves under the swing of the release fork, the thrust of the release bearing pushes the movable pulley of the primary pulley in the output assembly of the continuously variable transmission (CVT), so that the movable pulley moves towards the stationary pulley side, increasing the linear speed of the primary pulley, and further increasing the transmission ratio. When the release bearing returns, the pulling force of the release bearing pulls the movable pulley of the primary pulley of the continuously variable transmission (CVT), so that the movable pulley moves away from the stationary pulley side, decreasing the linear speed of the primary pulley, and further decreasing the transmission ratio, realizing stepless speed change.

[0007] Furthermore, the drive unit includes a drive motor and a gear transmission assembly. The drive motor is fixed on the motorcycle, and the gear transmission assembly is arranged between the cross shaft and the drive motor and can transmit the power of the drive motor to the cross shaft.

[0008] Beneficial effects: Connecting the output shaft of the drive motor and the cross shaft through the gear transmission assembly makes the power transmission from the drive motor to the cross shaft more accurate and stable. At the same time, it has high transmission efficiency, is suitable for high-power transmission, has a compact structure, and has little impact on the load of the motorcycle.

[0009] Furthermore, the gear transmission assembly includes a worm and a worm wheel. The worm and the worm wheel are adapted to each other and can receive the rotational power transmitted by the drive motor. A spline is arranged at the center of rotation of the worm wheel and is connected to the cross shaft through the spline, thereby transmitting the rotational power to the cross shaft. By driving the worm to rotate with the motor, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, and further enables the release bearing to perform reciprocating motion up and down, providing stepless speed change power for the movable pulley of the primary pulley and the belt. Compared with the prior art, the actuator of the present invention can significantly improve the transmission efficiency and reduce fuel consumption; at the same time, it can reduce vulnerable parts, improve the reliability of the system and reduce the maintenance cost; in addition, this solution uses a worm and worm wheel for transmission. Compared with the pulley structure, the response is more timely and reliable, and the transmission efficiency is higher, so as to provide a reliable stepless speed change solution for high-performance motorcycles with large torque output; in addition, compared with the crossed helical gear transmission, the structure of the worm and worm wheel transmission is more compact. At the same time, the meshing tooth surfaces of the worm and worm wheel are in line contact, and the load-bearing capacity is better than that of the crossed helical gear transmission structure.

[0010] Further, the gear transmission assembly further includes an internal gear ring, which is a bowl-shaped cylindrical structure composed of a side wall and a closed end. The side wall is provided with internal teeth, and the closed end is provided with a notch; one end of the worm is provided with a flat square shaft section adapted to the notch of the closed end. The flat square shaft section is inserted into the notch from the outside of the closed end of the internal gear ring to form a flat square connection; the output shaft of the drive motor is provided with a gear section, and the internal gear ring is rotatably arranged between the output shaft of the drive motor and the worm and meshes with the gear section of the output shaft of the drive motor. By arranging an internal gear ring between the output shaft of the drive motor and the worm, the power of the drive motor is decelerated by one stage through the internal gear ring and then transmitted to the worm to form a two-stage deceleration, and the worm to the turbine forms a three-stage deceleration, so that the high speed of the drive motor is reduced to the low speed required by the actuator, facilitating the control of the actuator.

[0011] Further, the continuously variable transmission mechanism further includes a pulley housing cover. The output assembly is arranged inside the pulley housing cover, and the outer housing is detachably fixed outside the pulley housing cover. The actuator mechanism further includes a mounting unit, which includes a first positioning block, a second positioning block and a cushion block. The first positioning block and the second positioning block are detachably fixed on the motorcycle. The fork shaft is rotatably arranged on the first positioning block and the second positioning block. The cushion block is sleeved on the output shaft of the actuator and is located between the driving wheel of the continuously variable transmission and the release bearing.

[0012] Further, the mounting unit further includes an outer housing, and the gear transmission assembly is integrated inside the outer housing. The outer housing is detachably connected to the motorcycle and is arranged on the side far from the motorcycle. Through the design of the outer housing, the gear transmission assembly is integrated into the outer housing and is detachably connected to the side far from the motorcycle, so that the actuator mechanism can be made into an external structure. For consumers or maintenance personnel, during maintenance, the damaged actuator mechanism can be directly disassembled and replaced, or the damaged actuator mechanism can be directly disassembled for repair without disassembling the entire continuously variable transmission, reducing the difficulty of daily maintenance. For producers, when assembling products, the main structure of the motorcycle can be assembled first, and then the external actuator mechanism can be mounted on the motorcycle main body, improving the assembly efficiency.

[0013] Further, the outer housing further includes a first motor housing and a second motor housing. The first motor housing is fixedly connected to the second motor housing by bolts. The second motor housing and the second positioning block are fixedly connected by bolts. Both ends of the fork shaft are respectively provided with fork shaft bushings and are rotatably arranged on the first positioning block and the second positioning block through the fork shaft bushings. The first positioning block and the second positioning block are fixedly connected to the motorcycle by bolts.

[0014] Further, a measurement unit is further included. The measurement unit is used to detect the angular data of the turbine rotation and can control the start of the drive motor according to the detected angular data.

[0015] Further, the measurement unit includes an angle sensor. The angle sensor is fixed on the outer housing and is connected to a TCU. The TCU is electrically connected to the drive motor and can control the start of the drive motor.

[0016] A motorcycle, comprising a continuously variable transmission according to any one of claims 1-9. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The front view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 3 is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 4 The front view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 is Figure 4 the sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 6 is Figure 4 the sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 7 is Figure 4 the sectional view taken along line C-C in

[0018] The reference signs in the attached drawings of the description include: fork shaft 11, separating fork 111, separating bearing 112, spacer block 113, positioning block 1 121, positioning block 2 122, motor housing 1 123, motor housing 2 124, execution output shaft 131, internal gear ring 141, worm 142, turbine 143, angle sensor 15, output assembly 2, primary pulley driving wheel 21, primary pulley fixed wheel 22, output shaft 23, input assembly 3, secondary pulley driving wheel 33, secondary pulley fixed wheel 32, input shaft 31, drive chain 4, pulley housing cover 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] Embodiment 1 Embodiment 1 is basically as shown in the attached Figures 1-3 figures. The continuously variable transmission shown, including a continuously variable transmission mechanism and an execution mechanism, as shown in Figures 1-3 and Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown in the figure, the continuously variable transmission mechanism includes an output assembly 2, an input assembly 3, a transmission chain 4, and a pulley housing cover 5. The output assembly 2 includes a primary pulley fixed wheel 22, a primary pulley movable wheel 21, and an output shaft 23. The primary pulley fixed wheel 22 and the primary pulley movable wheel 21 are both arranged on the output shaft 23, and the primary pulley movable wheel 21 can move axially along the output shaft 23. Specifically, a sleeve is provided between the primary pulley movable wheel 21 and the output shaft 23. The sleeve is sleeved on the output shaft 23 and has a small clearance transition fit with the primary pulley movable wheel 21, so that the primary pulley movable wheel 21 can slide axially along the output shaft 23, thereby reducing the wear of the output shaft 23 and lowering the cost of subsequent maintenance. A separating bearing 112 is sleeved on the output shaft 23. The separating bearing 112 is slidably arranged on the sleeve and can push the primary pulley movable wheel 21 to move axially along the output shaft 23. The input assembly 3 includes an input shaft 31, a secondary pulley fixed wheel 32, and a secondary pulley movable wheel 33. The secondary pulley fixed wheel 32 is coaxially fixed with a sleeve-shaped extension part. The input shaft 31 axially penetrates through the secondary pulley fixed wheel 32 and is used to drive the secondary pulley fixed wheel 32 to rotate synchronously. The secondary pulley movable wheel 33 is located below the secondary pulley fixed wheel 32 and is sleeved on the extension part. There is a small clearance transition fit between the secondary pulley movable wheel 33 and the extension part, so that the secondary pulley movable wheel 33 can slide axially relative to the secondary pulley fixed wheel 32. A limiting ring is integrally formed at the lower end of the extension part. A pre-tightening spring is sleeved on the extension part, and the two ends of the pre-tightening spring respectively abut against the secondary pulley movable wheel 33 and the limiting ring. The transmission chain 4 is tensioned between the input assembly 3 and the output assembly 2. Specifically, the left end of the belt is tensioned between the primary pulley movable wheel 21 and the primary pulley fixed wheel 22; the right end of the belt is tensioned between the secondary pulley movable wheel 33 and the secondary pulley fixed wheel 32, thereby transmitting the power of the output assembly 2 to the input assembly 3. The pulley housing cover 5 is fixedly connected to the motorcycle through bolts and wraps and installs the output assembly 2 inside the pulley housing cover 5.

[0020] The actuator includes a mounting unit, a driving unit, an executing unit, and a measuring unit. As Figure 1 shown, the mounting unit includes a positioning block one 121 and a positioning block two 122. The positioning block one 121 and the positioning block two 122 can be detachably fixed to the inner side of the pulley housing cover 5. Specifically, the positioning block one 121 and the positioning block two 122 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner side of the pulley housing cover 5 through bolts.

[0021] The driving unit includes a driving motor and a gear transmission assembly. The driving motor includes a motor body and an execution output shaft 131. The motor body is fixedly connected to the inner side of the pulley housing cover 5 through bolts. The gear transmission assembly is integrated in the housing. As Figure 3As shown, the gear transmission assembly includes an internal gear ring 141, a turbine 143, and a worm 142. The internal gear ring 141, the turbine 143, and the worm 142 are all rotatably arranged inside the pulley housing cover 5. Specifically, the internal gear ring 141 is a bowl-shaped cylindrical structure composed of a side wall and a closed end. The side wall is provided with internal teeth, and the closed end is provided with a notch; one end of the worm 142 is provided with a flat square shaft section adapted to the notch of the closed end. The flat square shaft section is inserted into the notch from the outside of the closed end of the internal gear ring 141 and forms a flat square connection; the execution output shaft 131 is provided with a gear section and meshes with the internal teeth on the side wall of the internal gear ring 141 through the gear section, so as to transmit the rotational power of the driving motor to the turbine 143 through the worm 142.

[0022] The execution unit includes a fork shaft 11 and a release fork 111. Refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the fork shaft 11 is rotatably provided with a bushing and is rotatably arranged between the first positioning block 121 and the second positioning block 122 through the bushing. The left end of the fork shaft 11 is provided with a spline and is connected to the turbine 143 through the spline. The release fork 111 is welded to the fork shaft 11 and is hinged to the release bearing 112 through the free end to form a release lever, so as to convert the rotational force of the driving motor into the power source for the reciprocating movement of the release bearing 112 through the release lever.

[0023] The measurement unit includes an angle sensor 15. The angle sensor 15 is fixed on the housing and is connected to a TCU. The TCU is electrically connected to the driving motor and can control the start of the driving motor.

[0024] During use, the execution output shaft 131 meshes internally with the internal gear ring 141 to achieve primary transmission, the internal gear ring 141 and the worm 142 achieve secondary transmission, and the worm 142 and the turbine 143 achieve tertiary transmission. The rotational speed of the driving motor is reduced through the tertiary transmission, and then the turbine 143 converts the rotational motion into the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the release bearing 112 through the spline connection with the fork shaft 11, so that the primary pulley driving wheel 21 approaches or moves away from the primary pulley fixed wheel 22, and the transmission ratio of the output assembly 2 is changed. Specifically, when the release bearing 112 moves towards the driving wheel side under the push of the release fork 111, the primary pulley driving wheel 21 approaches the primary pulley fixed wheel 22, and the transmission ratio of the output assembly 2 increases; conversely, when the release bearing 112 moves away from the driving wheel side under the push of the release fork 111, the primary pulley driving wheel 21 moves away from the primary pulley fixed wheel 22, and the transmission ratio of the output assembly 2 decreases; at the same time, the angle sensor 15 drives the turbine 143 to rotate through the worm 142 to collect the signal of the angle change, and sends it to the TCU for processing, so that the TCU understands the state of the release bearing 112 and further knows the state of the continuously variable transmission mechanism.

[0025] Embodiment 2 Embodiment 2 is basically the same as Embodiment 1, the difference is that, as Figure 4, Figure 5 As shown, in the output assembly 2, the positions of the primary pulley driving wheel 21 and the primary pulley fixed wheel 22 are reversed, that is, the primary pulley driving wheel 21 is arranged on the side close to the pulley housing cover 5. The installation assembly further includes a motor housing one 123 and a motor housing two 124. The motor housing one 123 and the motor housing two 124 are connected by bolts to form an outer shell. The driving motor is fixed on the motor housing one 123 by bolts, as Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 shown. The transmission assembly 14 is installed inside the outer shell. The motor housing two 124 is connected to the positioning block two 122 by bolts to form an externally mounted actuator. The positioning block one 121 and the positioning block two 122 are respectively fixed to the outside of the pulley housing cover 5 by bolts. Thus, the externally mounted actuator is fixed outside the motorcycle continuously variable transmission mechanism, and the motorcycle continuously variable transmission mechanism is driven by the externally mounted actuator. During assembly, the overall vehicle assembly of the motorcycle can be preferentially completed. When the motorcycle assembly is completed, the externally mounted actuator can be buckled on the pulley housing cover 5 to quickly complete the installation of the transmission actuator, effectively improving the assembly efficiency of the motorcycle. Moreover, the assembly of the motorcycle and the assembly of the actuator can be carried out simultaneously. After the motorcycle assembly is completed, the assembled actuator can be directly connected to the motorcycle, making the installation of the actuator more convenient and improving the assembly efficiency of the motorcycle at the same time.

[0026] Meanwhile, during subsequent maintenance, the actuator can also be independently maintained without disassembling the motorcycle continuously variable transmission mechanism, reducing the workload and difficulty of maintenance.

[0027] Embodiment 3 On the basis of Embodiment 2, a spacer block 113 is further arranged between the release bearing 112 and the primary pulley driving wheel 21. The spacer block 113 is sleeved outside the sleeve and has a small clearance transition fit with the sleeve, enabling the spacer block 113 to slide axially along the output shaft 23. Through the arrangement of the spacer block 113, the modification to the parts of the existing continuously variable transmission can be reduced, and the cost of replacement is lowered, making it possible to push the primary pulley driving wheel 21 to slide by the release bearing 112 without major modification to the existing motorcycle continuously variable transmission.

[0028] Embodiment 4 Embodiment 4 is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that on the basis of Embodiment 1, the continuously variable transmission mentioned in Embodiment 1 is applied to a motorcycle, and the motorcycle is shifted by the continuously variable transmission mentioned in Embodiment 1.

[0029] Embodiment 5 Example 5 is basically the same as Example 3, except that the continuously variable transmission mentioned in Example 3 is applied to a motorcycle, and the motorcycle is shifted by the continuously variable transmission mentioned in Example 3.

[0030] The above are only examples of the present invention. Specific technical solutions and / or common knowledge such as characteristics well known in the art are not described in detail herein. It should be noted that the technical means for solving problems in the above embodiments of the present invention can be used in combination to solve multiple technical problems at the same time. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can also be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The protection scope required by this application should be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners and the like described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. Continuously variable transmission, characterized in that: It includes a continuously variable transmission mechanism and an actuator. The continuously variable transmission mechanism includes an output assembly, and the output assembly includes a primary pulley fixed wheel, a primary pulley movable wheel and an output shaft. The primary pulley fixed wheel and the primary pulley movable wheel are both arranged on the output shaft, and the primary pulley movable wheel can move axially along the output shaft; the actuator includes a drive unit and an execution unit. The execution unit includes a fork shaft, a release fork and a release bearing. The fork shaft is rotatably arranged on the motorcycle and can rotate under the drive of the drive unit. The release fork is fixedly arranged on the fork shaft. The free end of the release fork is hinged to the release bearing, so as to drive the release fork to swing through the fork shaft, and further drive the release bearing to linearly reciprocate through the swing of the release fork. The release bearing is slidably arranged on the output shaft and can push the primary pulley movable wheel to move axially along the output shaft.

2. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein: The drive unit includes a drive motor and a gear transmission assembly. The drive motor is fixed on the motorcycle. The gear transmission assembly is arranged between the fork shaft and the drive motor and can transmit the power of the drive motor to the fork shaft.

3. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear transmission assembly includes a worm and a turbine. The worm is adapted to the turbine and can receive the rotational power transmitted by the drive motor. A spline is arranged at the rotation center of the turbine and is connected to the fork shaft through the spline, so as to transmit the rotational power to the fork shaft.

4. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gear transmission assembly further includes an internal gear ring. The internal gear ring is a bowl-shaped cylindrical structure composed of a side wall and a closed end. Internal teeth are arranged on the side wall, and a notch is arranged on the closed end; one end of the worm is provided with a flat square shaft section adapted to the notch of the closed end. The flat square shaft section is inserted into the notch from the outside of the closed end of the internal gear ring and forms a flat square connection; a gear section is arranged on the output shaft of the drive motor. The internal gear ring is rotatably arranged between the output shaft of the drive motor and the worm and meshes with the gear section of the output shaft of the drive motor.

5. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 4, wherein: The continuously variable transmission mechanism further includes a pulley housing cover. The output assembly is arranged inside the pulley housing cover. The outer housing is detachably fixed outside the pulley housing cover. The actuator further includes a mounting unit. The mounting unit includes a first positioning block, a second positioning block and a spacer. The first positioning block and the second positioning block are detachably fixed on the motorcycle. The fork shaft is rotatably arranged on the first positioning block and the second positioning block. The spacer is sleeved on the output shaft of the actuator and is located between the movable wheel of the continuously variable transmission and the release bearing.

6. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting unit further includes an outer housing. The gear transmission assembly is integrated inside the outer housing. The outer housing is detachably connected to the motorcycle and is arranged on the side far from the motorcycle.

7. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 6, wherein: The outer housing further includes a first motor housing and a second motor housing. The first motor housing is fixedly connected to the second motor housing through bolts. The second motor housing and the second positioning block are fixedly connected through bolts. Fork shaft bushings are respectively arranged at both ends of the fork shaft and the fork shaft is rotatably arranged on the first positioning block and the second positioning block through the fork shaft bushings. The first positioning block and the second positioning block are fixedly connected to the motorcycle through bolts.

8. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 7, characterized in that: It further includes a measurement unit. The measurement unit is used to detect the angular data of the turbine rotation and can control the start of the drive motor according to the detected angular data.

9. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 8, wherein: The measurement unit includes an angle sensor. The angle sensor is fixed on the outer housing and is connected to a TCU. The TCU is electrically connected to the drive motor and can control the start of the drive motor.

10. Motorcycle, characterized in that: It includes the continuously variable transmission according to any one of claims 1-9.

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