Lubricating oil composition for gearbox of electric vehicle and preparation method of lubricating oil composition

Abstract

The invention provides a lubricating oil composition for a gearbox of an electric vehicle and a preparation method of the lubricating oil composition. The electric vehicle transmission lubricating oil composition comprises the following components: (A) a tetraphenyl ethylene derivative accounting for 0.1%-3.0% of the total mass of the composition; (B) an ashless dispersant accounting for 1.0%-5.0% of the total mass of the composition; (C) a viscosity index improver accounting for 0.5%-5.0% of the total mass of the composition; (D) an extreme pressure anti-wear agent accounting for 0.2%-2.0% of the total mass of the composition; (E) a metal deactivator accounting for 0.01%-0.3% of the total mass of the composition; and (F) a lubricant base oil which constitutes the main component of the composition. The lubricating oil composition for the gearbox of the electric vehicle has excellent thermal oxidation stability and corrosion resistance, and the service life of the lubricating oil composition can be predicted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition, and particularly to a lubricating oil composition for an electric vehicle transmission and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of the "dual carbon" strategic goal, the development of electric vehicles has been rapid. Different from traditional fuel vehicles, electric vehicles use motors to replace engines, so new requirements are put forward for the performance of the lubricating oil used. The technical development requirements of small size, light weight and low energy consumption of electric vehicles make the motor and transmission system show an integrated design trend, that is, the motor and reducer share a set of lubrication system to become the lubricating oil product for electric vehicles. At the same time, in order to improve the transmission efficiency of electric vehicles, low viscosity of the oil product is also required. At present, electric vehicles on the market mainly adopt a first-gear reduction structure, and the motor directly drives the transmission. The maximum speed of the motor can reach more than 20,000 r / min. The high speed and high load in the transmission make the oil temperature reach above 100 °C, and the highest can reach 150 °C. The relatively high working temperature easily causes the oil product to oxidize, resulting in the generation of sludge and affecting the use performance of the oil product. Therefore, more stringent requirements are put forward for the thermal oxidation performance of the lubricating oil for electric vehicle transmissions.

[0003] Developing a lubricating oil for electric vehicle transmissions that can improve the thermal oxidation stability of the oil product and quickly and conveniently judge the exhaustion of the oil product is one of the efforts of those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a lubricating oil composition for an electric vehicle transmission and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The lubricating oil composition for an electric vehicle transmission of the present invention comprises the following components:

[0006] (A) A tetraphenylethylene derivative, accounting for 0.1% to 3.0% of the total mass of the composition;

[0007] (B) An ashless dispersant, accounting for 1.0% to 5.0% of the total mass of the composition;

[0008] (C) A viscosity index improver, accounting for 0.5% to 5.0% of the total mass of the composition;

[0009] (D) An extreme pressure and anti-wear agent, accounting for 0.2% to 2.0% of the total mass of the composition;

[0010] (E) A metal deactivator, accounting for 0.01% to 0.3% of the total mass of the composition;

[0011] (F) A lubricating oil base oil, which is the main component of the composition;

[0012] Wherein the structure of the tetraphenylethylene derivative is shown in formula (I):

[0013]

[0014] In formula (I), HO is bonded to the benzene ring; y R groups are bonded to the benzene ring; y is an integer selected from 0 to 4; the R groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-10 straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl; n is an integer between 1 and 10; each R1 is independently selected from C 1-20 straight-chain or branched-chain alkylene; the R2 in n repeating units are the same as or different from each other and are each independently selected from C 1-20 straight-chain or branched-chain alkylene; R3 is selected from H and C 1-20 straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl; the A groups in n repeating units are the same as or different from each other and are each independently selected from the groups shown, the groups shown in formula (III), and at least one A group is selected from the groups shown in formula (II), the groups shown in formula (III);

[0015]

[0016] the R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-20 straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl; * in formula (II) and formula (III) represents the bonding end bonded to formula (I).

[0017] According to the present invention, preferably, in formula (I), HO is in the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is an integer between 1 and 3, y R groups are in the para or ortho position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, and the R groups are selected from C 1-4 straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl, n is an integer between 1 and 5, and each R1 is independently selected from C 1-10 straight-chain or branched-chain alkylene, and each R2 in n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-10 straight-chain or branched-chain alkylene, and R3 is selected from H and C 1-10 straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl; the R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-10 straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl.

[0018] According to the present invention, more preferably, in formula (I), HO is in the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is 1, the R group is in the para position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, the R group is selected from tert-butyl, n is an integer between 1 and 3, and each R1 is independently selected from C 1-6 straight-chain or branched-chain alkylene, and each R2 in n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-6 straight-chain or branched-chain alkylene, and R3 is selected from H and C 1-6 straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl; the R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-4 straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl.

[0019] According to the present invention, the tetraphenylethylene derivative includes one or more of the following structural compounds:

[0020]

[0021] According to the present invention, the preparation method of the tetraphenylethylene derivative includes the following steps:

[0022] (1) Reacting the compound represented by formula (α) with a peroxide;

[0023]

[0024] In formula (α), HO is bonded to the benzene ring; y R groups are bonded to the benzene ring; y is an integer between 0 and 4; the R groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-10 linear or branched alkyl; n is an integer between 1 and 10; each R1 is independently selected from C 1-20 linear or branched alkylene; the R2 in n repeating units are the same or different from each other, and are each independently selected from C 1-20 linear or branched alkylene; R3 is selected from H and C 1-20 linear or branched alkyl; the A” groups in n repeating units are the same or different from each other, and are each independently selected from the R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-20 linear or branched alkyl;

[0025] (2) Subjecting the reaction product of step (1) to a hydrolysis reaction;

[0026] (3) Reacting the hydrolysis reaction product of step (2) with the compound represented by formula (β), and collecting the product;

[0027]

[0028] wherein the X group is selected from F, Cl, Br, I, OH.

[0029] According to the present invention, preferably, in formula (α), HO is in the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is an integer between 1 and 3, the y R groups are in the para or ortho position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, the R groups are selected from C 1-4 linear or branched alkyl, n is an integer between 1 and 5, each R1 is independently selected from C 1-10 linear or branched alkylene, each R2 in n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-10 linear or branched alkylene, R3 is selected from H and C 1-10 linear or branched alkyl; the R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-10 linear or branched alkyl.

[0030] According to the present invention, further preferably, in formula (α), HO is in the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is 1, the R group is in the para position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, the R group is selected from tert-butyl, n is an integer between 1 and 3, and R1 are each independently selected from C 1-6 a linear or branched alkylene group, and R2 in the n repeating units are each independently selected from C 1-6 a linear or branched alkylene group, R3 is selected from H and C 1-6 a linear or branched alkyl group; the R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-4 a linear or branched alkyl group.

[0031] According to the present invention, in step (1), the compound represented by formula (α) may be selected from cardanol and alkylated cardanol, and the alkylated cardanol can be obtained by reacting cardanol with an alkylating agent. For example, tert-butylated cardanol can be obtained by reacting cardanol with tert-butyl chloride.

[0032] According to the present invention, in step (1), the peroxide is preferably one or more of hydrogen peroxide, performic acid, peracetic acid, peroxosulfonic acid, m-chloroperbenzoic acid, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, tert-butyl peracetate, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, benzoyl peroxide and cyclohexanone peroxide, and more preferably one or more of hydrogen peroxide, performic acid, peracetic acid and peroxosulfonic acid.

[0033] According to the present invention, the reaction product of step (1) can be obtained by reacting cardanol or alkylated cardanol with a peroxide, or can also be obtained by first reacting cardanol with a peroxide and then reacting with an alkylating agent.

[0034] According to the present invention, in step (2), the hydrolysis reaction is to carry out a hydrolysis reaction on the reaction product of step (1) with water, and the amount of water used is generally 20% to 200% of the mass of the reaction product of step (1).

[0035] According to the present invention, in step (3), the compound represented by formula (β) may be selected from one or more of 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoic acid, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl fluoride, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl chloride, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl bromide and 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl iodide, and preferably 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoic acid.

[0036] According to the present invention, the molar ratio between the compound represented by formula (α), the peroxide and the compound represented by formula (β) is preferably 1:0.5 to 10:0.5 to 10, and more preferably 1:1 to 5:1 to 5.

[0037] According to the present invention, the reaction temperature in step (1) is preferably 50 to 100 °C, more preferably 60 to 90 °C; the reaction temperature in step (2) is preferably 50 to 150 °C, more preferably 70 to 100 °C; the reaction temperature in step (3) is preferably 50 to 180 °C, more preferably 70 to 160 °C.

[0038] According to the present invention, the reaction time for steps (1), (2), and (3) is generally the longer the better. Generally speaking, the reaction time in step (1) is preferably 1 to 10 h, more preferably 3 to 5 h; the reaction time in step (2) is preferably 0.5 to 10 h, more preferably 1 to 3 h; the reaction time in step (3) is preferably 1 to 10 h, more preferably 3 to 6 h.

[0039] According to the present invention, a catalyst can be added in step (1). The catalyst is preferably an acidic catalyst. For example, one or more of concentrated sulfuric acid, zinc chloride, aluminum trichloride, benzenesulfonic acid, and titanate can be selected. The addition amount of the catalyst is preferably 0.01% to 3% of the compound shown in formula (α). After the reaction in step (1) is completed, the catalyst can be removed by alkali washing and / or water washing.

[0040] According to the present invention, a catalyst can be added in step (2). The catalyst can be an acidic catalyst or a basic catalyst. For example, one of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, concentrated nitric acid, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide can be selected, and concentrated sulfuric acid is preferred. The addition amount of the catalyst is preferably 0.5% to 10% of the sum of the masses of the compound shown in formula (α) and the peroxide in step (1). After the reaction in step (2) is completed, the catalyst can be removed by alkali washing (when an acidic catalyst is used), acid washing (when a basic catalyst is used), and water washing.

[0041] According to the present invention, a catalyst can be added in step (3). The catalyst is preferably an acidic catalyst. For example, one or more of concentrated sulfuric acid, zinc chloride, aluminum trichloride, benzenesulfonic acid, and titanate can be selected. The addition amount of the catalyst is preferably 0.5% to 10% of the compound shown in (α). After the reaction in step (3) is completed, the catalyst can be removed by alkali washing and / or water washing.

[0042] According to the present invention, the reaction steps (1), (2), and (3) can be carried out in the presence of a diluent and / or a solvent, or without using a diluent and / or a solvent.

[0043] According to the present invention, the diluent can be selected from one or more of API I, II, III, IV, and V base oils. Common commercial products or grades include 150SN, 200SN, 350SN, 500SN, 650SN, 150BS, HVI-100, HVI-150, HVI-200, HVI-350, HVI-400, HVI-500, HVI-150BS, PAO4, PAO6, PAO8, PAO10, alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene, etc.

[0044] According to the present invention, the solvent can be selected from water, C 6-20 aromatics (such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and cumene), C 6-10 alkanes (such as n-hexane, cyclohexane, and petroleum ether), solvent naphtha, acetone, and dimethylformamide, one or more of them. These solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. After the reaction is completed, the solvent can be removed by methods well known to those skilled in the art, such as under normal pressure or reduced pressure.

[0045] According to a particular embodiment of the present invention, the diluent and / or solvent can be added in conventional amounts in the art at any stage of the reaction step, without particular limitation.

[0046] According to the present invention, steps (1), (2), and (3) can be carried out under the protection of an inert gas atmosphere. As the inert gas, for example, nitrogen, argon, etc. can be cited, without particular limitation.

[0047] According to the present invention, through the foregoing preparation method, as the reaction product, a single compound can be produced, or a mixture composed of multiple compounds can be produced, or a mixture composed of one or more compounds and the foregoing diluent (if used) can be produced. These reaction products are all expected by the present invention, and the difference in their existence forms does not affect the realization of the effects of the present invention. Therefore, in the context of this specification, these reaction products are collectively referred to as tetraphenylethylene derivatives without distinction. In view of this, according to the present invention, there is no absolute necessity to further purify the reaction product or further isolate a specific structure of tetraphenylethylene derivative with fluorescence effect from the reaction product. Of course, this purification or separation is preferred for further enhancing the expected effects of the present invention, but it is not essential for the present invention. Nevertheless, as the purification or separation method, for example, methods such as column chromatography or preparative chromatography can be cited to purify or separate the reaction product, etc.

[0048] The tetraphenylethylene derivatives of the present invention simultaneously have excellent antioxidant properties and fluorescence effects, and can quickly, conveniently, and at low cost determine the exhaustion of their use as antioxidants, and further predict the remaining life of lubricating oils and greases.

[0049] According to the present invention, the ashless dispersant can be selected from polyisobutylene succinimide and / or borated polyisobutylene succinimide. For example, it can be selected from one or more of mono-polyisobutylene succinimide, di-polyisobutylene succinimide, high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide, and borated di-polyisobutylene succinimide. Common commercial brand names include T151, T154, T154A, T154B, T161, etc.

[0050] According to the present invention, the viscosity index improver can be selected from polymethacrylate and / or polyisobutylene. Common commercial brand names include Viscoplex 8-219, Viscoplex 8-310, TK-Chem6350, PIB1400, etc. Preferably, the kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 500-1500 mm 2 / s of polymethacrylate and / or polyisobutylene with a number average molecular weight of 1000-3400.

[0051] According to the present invention, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent can be selected from one or more of phosphate esters, thiophosphate esters, and phosphate ester amine salts. For example, it can be selected from one or more of tricresyl phosphate, dibutyl phosphite, dialkyl dithiophosphate, and isooctyl phosphate octadecylamine salt. Common commercial brand names include T306, T308, T308B, T309, etc.

[0052] According to the present invention, the metal deactivator is selected from one or more of alkylaminomethylbenzotriazole, benzotriazole dialkylamine formaldehyde condensate, thiadiazole polysulfide, and thiadiazole alkyl mercaptan hydrogen peroxide condensate. Common commercial brand names include T551, T552, T553, T561, T571, etc.

[0053] According to the present invention, the lubricating oil base oil can be selected from one or more of API Group I, II, III, IV, and V base oils. For example, it can be selected from one or more of Group I base oil, Group II hydrotreated base oil, Group III hydrotreated base oil, polyalphaolefin, alkylbenzene, and alkylnaphthalene. Preferably, it is selected from one or more of Group I base oil, Group II hydrotreated base oil, Group III hydrotreated base oil, and polyalphaolefin. More preferably, the base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 1-10 mm at 100 °C 2 / s, and further preferably, the base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 3-6 mm at 100 °C 2 / s of the base oil.

[0054] The preparation method of the lubricating oil composition for an electric vehicle transmission according to the present invention includes the step of mixing each component therein. The temperature of the mixing can be 30-60 °C, and the time of the mixing can be 1-3 h.

[0055] The lubricating oil composition for the electric vehicle transmission of the present invention has excellent thermal oxidation stability and corrosion resistance, and its service life can be predicted. Detailed implementation mode

[0056] The present invention will be further described below through examples, but it does not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0057] The sources of the main raw materials used are as follows:

[0058] Cardanol, Shanghai Wujing Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., industrial product

[0059] Zinc chloride, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical pure

[0060] Concentrated sulfuric acid, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical pure

[0061] Hydrogen peroxide (30%), Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical pure

[0062] Formic acid, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical pure

[0063] 4-(1,2,2-Triphenylethynyl)benzoic acid, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., chemically pure

[0064] tert-Butyl chloride, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical pure

[0065] Toluene, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical pure

[0066] Dimethylformamide, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical pure

[0067] Polyol ester (brand number 5102), Chongqing Branch of Sinopec Lubricant Company, industrial product

[0068] Tributyl phosphate, Zhangjiagang Yarui Chemical Co., Ltd., industrial product

[0069] Example 1 Preparation of tert-butylated cardanol

[0070] Take 100 g of cardanol, 8 g of formic acid, 0.3 g of sulfuric acid, and 200 g of hydrogen peroxide, add them into a three-necked flask equipped with mechanical stirring, reflux condenser and temperature control, start stirring and heating. Maintain the reaction temperature at 70 °C and react for 3 hours. After the reaction is completed, cool down to obtain a brownish-red transparent liquid. Filter the reaction product, wash it with 5% KOH solution for alkali washing, and then wash it with distilled water until neutral. Distill the organic phase under reduced pressure at 100 Pa and 150 °C for 1 h to remove water and unreacted raw materials, and obtain an orange-red transparent liquid epoxidized cardanol.

[0071] Dissolve 35 g of epoxidized cashew phenol in 100 ml of acetone. After complete dissolution, transfer it to a 250 ml three-neck reaction flask, add 0.9 g of zinc chloride catalyst, and start stirring and heating. Maintain the reaction temperature at 60 °C, and slowly add 9.5 g of tert-butyl chloride dropwise to the reaction flask. After the addition is complete, continue the reaction for 3 hours. After the reaction is completed, cool down to obtain a brownish-red transparent liquid. Filter the reaction product and wash it with 5% KOH solution for alkali washing, then wash it with distilled water until neutral. Perform vacuum distillation at 120 °C under 1000 Pa for 1 h to remove the solvent, water, and unreacted raw materials, obtaining brownish-red viscous liquid tert-butylated epoxidized cashew phenol.

[0072] The example reaction equation of the above reaction is shown as follows.

[0073]

[0074] Example 2

[0075] Add 20 g of the tert-butylated epoxidized cashew phenol prepared in Example 1, 0.2 g of concentrated sulfuric acid, 10 g of water, and 10 g of toluene to a three-neck flask equipped with mechanical stirring and a reflux condenser, stir, heat, and react at 85 °C for 1 h. After the reaction is completed, dissolve 12 g of 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoic acid in 80 g of dimethylformamide (DMF), add it dropwise to the flask, and continue refluxing for 5 h after the addition is complete, then stop the reaction. Wash the product 3 times with water, and evaporate the solvent to obtain the tetraphenylethylene derivative W-01 with fluorescence effect, and the conversion rate is 90.8%.

[0076] The example reaction equation of the above reaction is shown as follows.

[0077]

[0078] Perform infrared spectrum and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance tests on the product W-01 prepared in Example 2. The analysis results of the infrared spectrum are shown in Table 1, and the analysis results of the carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum are shown in Table 2.

[0079] Table 1 Infrared analysis results of product W-01

[0080]

[0081] As can be seen from Table 1, there are characteristic peaks such as OH stretching vibration peak, C-OH stretching vibration peak, C=O stretching vibration peak, benzene ring skeleton stretching vibration peak, aromatic acid ester C-O-C stretching vibration peak, and cis-olefin vibration peak in the product W-01, indicating that the synthesized product is the target compound.

[0082] Table 2 Carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum analysis results of product W-01

[0083]

[0084] As can be seen from Table 2, the synthesized product can be confirmed as the target compound according to the attribution of each C element therein.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] 10 g of the tert-butylated epoxy cardanol prepared in Example 1, 0.2 g of concentrated sulfuric acid, 10 g of water, and 10 g of toluene were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer and a reflux condenser, stirred, heated, and reacted at 95 °C for 1 h. After the reaction was completed, 12 g of 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoic acid was dissolved in 80 g of dimethylformamide (DMF), added dropwise to the flask, and after the addition was completed, the reaction was continued under reflux for 3 h, and then the reaction was stopped. The product was washed with water 3 times, and the solvent was evaporated to obtain the tetraphenylethylene derivative W-02 with fluorescence effect, and the conversion rate was 91.1%.

[0087] Example 4

[0088] 20 g of the tert-butylated epoxy cardanol prepared in Example 1, 0.2 g of concentrated sulfuric acid, 10 g of water, and 100 g of toluene were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer and a reflux condenser, stirred, heated, and reacted at 110 °C for 1 h. After the reaction was completed, 50 g of 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoic acid was dissolved in 120 g of dimethylformamide (DMF), added dropwise to the flask, and after the addition was completed, the reaction was continued under reflux for 6 h, and then the reaction was stopped. The product was washed with water 3 times, and the solvent was evaporated to obtain the tetraphenylethylene derivative W-03 with fluorescence effect, and the conversion rate was 90.6%.

[0089] W-01, W-02, W-03, the comparative hindered phenol antioxidant T501, and T512 were respectively formulated according to the formula composition in Table 3 to obtain Examples I-1 to I-3 and Comparative Examples DI-1 to DI-2 of the electric vehicle transmission lubricating oil composition. The sources of the main additives and base oils used are as follows:

[0090] Antioxidant T501, Xingpu Company, Research Institute of Petrochemical Science, industrial product

[0091] Antioxidant T512, Xingpu Company, Research Institute of Petrochemical Science, industrial product

[0092] Dimerized isobutylene succinimide T154A, dispersibility SDT≥55, produced by Yangzi Petrochemical Company;

[0093] Non-dispersive PMA viscosity index improver Viscoplex 8-310, kinematic viscosity at 100 °C 1250 mm 2 / s, produced by Evonik Degussa Company;

[0094] Extreme pressure and anti-wear agent T306, produced by Zibo Huihua Petroleum Additive Company;

[0095] Extreme pressure and anti-wear agent T308B, produced by Zibo Huihua Petroleum Additive Company;

[0096] Benzotriazole derivative T551, kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 12.5 mm 2 / s, produced by Zibo Huihua Petroleum Additive Company;

[0097] Group III hydrotreated base oil, kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 4.45 mm 2 / s, viscosity index is 125, Maoming Petrochemical.

[0098] Table 3 Lubricating oil composition for electric vehicle transmissions

[0099]

[0100] The kinematic viscosity, copper corrosion, antioxidant, and fluorescence intensity evaluation tests were respectively carried out on the examples and comparative examples of the above lubricating oil composition for electric vehicle transmissions. The main test methods are as follows:

[0101] The method for measuring kinematic viscosity is the standard method of GB / T 265;

[0102] Copper strip corrosion test, using the standard method of GB / T 5096, test conditions are 150 °C, 3 h;

[0103] Antioxidant performance test, the test instrument is a DSC instrument of model TA5000 from TA Company of the United States, using the standard method of SH / T0719, test conditions are: 180 °C, oxygen pressure 0.6 MPa, heating rate 10 °C / min;

[0104] DKA oxidation performance test, using the standard method of CEC-L-48-00, test conditions are 170 °C, 192 h;

[0105] Fluorescence intensity test was carried out on the samples before and after oxidation (SH / T 0719 method), and the test instrument is a F-310 type fluorescence spectrophotometer from Tianjin Gangdong Technology Co., Ltd.

[0106] The measurement results are shown in Table 4.

[0107] Table 4 Evaluation test results of lubricating oil for electric vehicle transmissions

[0108]

[0109] From the above test results, it can be seen that the lubricating oil for electric vehicle transmissions of the present invention has excellent thermal oxidation stability, and at the same time, the service life of the oil product can be predicted by characterizing the change in fluorescence intensity before and after oxidation.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle transmission lubricating oil composition, comprising the following components: (A) Tetraphenylethylene derivative, accounting for 0.1% - 3.0% of the total mass of the composition; (B) Ashless dispersant, accounting for 1.0% - 5.0% of the total mass of the composition; (C) Viscosity index improver, accounting for 0.5% - 5.0% of the total mass of the composition; (D) Extreme pressure and anti-wear agent, accounting for 0.2% - 2.0% of the total mass of the composition; (E) Metal deactivator, accounting for 0.01% - 0.3% of the total mass of the composition; (F) Lubricating oil base oil, constituting the main component of the composition; Wherein the structure of the tetraphenylethylene derivative is shown in formula (I): In formula (I), HO is bonded to the benzene ring; y R groups are bonded to the benzene ring; y is an integer selected from 0 to 4; the R groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-10 a straight-chain or branched alkyl group; n is an integer between 1 and 10; each R1 is independently selected from C 1-20 a straight-chain or branched alkylene group; R2 in the n repeating units are the same as or different from each other and are each independently selected from C 1-20 a straight-chain or branched alkylene group; R3 is selected from H and C 1-20 a straight-chain or branched alkyl group; the A groups in the n repeating units are the same as or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group represented by formula (II), the group represented by formula (III), and at least one A group is selected from the group represented by formula (II), the group represented by formula (III); Each of the R4 groups is independently selected from H and C 1-20 a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group; * in Formula (II) and Formula (III) represents the bonding end bonded to Formula (I).

2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, In formula (I), HO is in the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is an integer between 1 and 3, and y R groups are in the para or ortho position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring. The R group is selected from C 1-4 a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group, n is an integer between 1 and 5, and each R1 is independently selected from C 1-10 a straight-chain or branched-chain alkylene group, and each R2 in the n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-10 a straight-chain or branched-chain alkylene group, R3 is selected from H and C 1-10 a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group; each of the R4 groups is independently selected from H and C 1-10 a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group.

3. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, In formula (I), HO is in the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is 1, the R group is in the para position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, the R group is selected from tert-butyl, n is an integer between 1 and 3, and each R1 is independently selected from C 1-6 a linear or branched alkylene group, and each R2 in the n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-6 a linear or branched alkylene group, R3 is selected from H and C 1-6 a linear or branched alkyl group; each of the R4 groups is independently selected from H and C 1-4 a linear or branched alkyl group.

4. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tetraphenylethylene derivative includes one or more of the following structural compounds:

5. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the tetraphenylethylene derivative includes the following steps: (1) Reacting the compound shown in formula (α) with a peroxide; In formula (α), HO is bonded to the benzene ring; y R groups are bonded to the benzene ring; y is an integer selected from 0 to 4; the R groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-10 a straight-chain or branched alkyl group; n is an integer between 1 and 10; each R1 is independently selected from C 1-20 a straight-chain or branched alkylene group; the R2s in the n repeating units are the same as or different from each other and are each independently selected from C 1-20 a straight-chain or branched alkylene group; R3 is selected from H and C 1-20 a straight-chain or branched alkyl group; the A” groups in the n repeating units are the same as or different from each other and are each independently selected from the R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-20 a straight-chain or branched alkyl group; (2) Subjecting the reaction product of step (1) to a hydrolysis reaction; (3) Reacting the hydrolysis reaction product of step (2) with the compound shown in formula (β), and collecting the product; Wherein the X group is selected from F, Cl, Br, I, OH.

6. The composition according to claim 5, characterized in that, In formula (α), HO is in the meta-position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is an integer between 1 and 3, and y R groups are in the para-position or ortho-position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring. The R group is selected from C 1-4 a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group, n is an integer between 1 and 5, and each R1 is independently selected from C 1-10 a straight-chain or branched-chain alkylene group, and each R2 in the n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-10 a straight-chain or branched-chain alkylene group, R3 is selected from H and C 1-10 a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group; each of the R4 groups is independently selected from H and C 1-10 a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group.

7. The composition according to claim 5, characterized in that, In formula (α), HO is in the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is 1, the R group is in the para position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, the R group is selected from tert-butyl, n is an integer between 1 and 3, and each R1 is independently selected from C 1-6 a linear or branched alkylene group, and each R2 in the n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-6 a linear or branched alkylene group, R3 is selected from H and C 1-6 a linear or branched alkyl group; each of the R4 groups is independently selected from H and C 1-4 a linear or branched alkyl group.

8. The composition according to claim 5, characterized in that, The compound shown in formula (α) is selected from cardanol, alkylated cardanol; the peroxide is selected from one or more of hydrogen peroxide, performic acid, peracetic acid, peroxysulfonic acid, m-chloroperbenzoic acid, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, tert-butyl peracetate, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, benzoyl peroxide and cyclohexanone peroxide; the compound shown in formula (β) is selected from one or more of 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoic acid, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl fluoride, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl chloride, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl bromide and 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl iodide.

9. The composition according to claim 5, characterized in that, The molar ratio between the compound shown in formula (α), the peroxide and the compound shown in formula (β) is 1:0.5 - 10:0.5 - 10; The reaction temperature of step (1) is 50 - 100 °C; the reaction temperature of step (2) is 50 - 150 °C; The reaction temperature of step (3) is 50 - 180 °C.

10. The composition according to claim 5, characterized in that, An acidic catalyst is added in step (1); and / or, an acidic catalyst or a basic catalyst is added in step (2); and / or, an acidic catalyst is added in step (3).

11. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The ashless dispersant is selected from polyisobutylene succinimide and / or borated polyisobutylene succinimide; the viscosity index improver is selected from polymethacrylate and / or polyisobutylene; the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent is selected from one or more of phosphate esters, thiophosphate esters and phosphate ester amine salts; the metal deactivator is selected from one or more of alkylaminomethylbenzotriazole, benzotriazole dialkylamine formaldehyde condensate, thiadiazole polysulfide and thiadiazole alkyl mercaptan hydrogen peroxide condensate; the lubricating oil base oil is selected from one or more of API I, II, III, IV and V base oils.

12. The preparation method of the electric vehicle transmission lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 - 11, comprising the step of mixing each component therein.

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