Preparation method of high-strength alginate fiber

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fibers, in particular to a preparation method of high-strength alginate fibers. The alginate fiber is mainly prepared by the following steps: sodium alginate passes through a spinning bath, sodium ions are crosslinked and solidified by a coagulating agent containing divalent chloride metal ions, the divalent chloride metal ions are replaced (decrosslinked) by hydrogen ions in a decrosslinking bath (acidic), and then the sodium alginate is crosslinked with the divalent chloride metal ions in a crosslinking bath; and performing high-power stretching on the seaweed nascent fiber. And finally, the strength of the high-strength alginate fiber is 3.0 to 4.5 CN / dtex, and the fineness of the high-strength alginate fiber is 1.11 to 6.66 dtex. According to the preparation method, the problem that the fiber strength is low due to the fact that the stretching multiple of a conventional alginate fiber process is difficult to reach 3 times is solved, the alginate fiber with the strength larger than 3.0 CN / dtex is successfully prepared, the use requirement of medical dressing can be met, the lowest standard of textiles for the strength can be met, and the preparation method has very wide application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fibers, and more specifically, to a method for preparing high-strength seaweed fibers. Background Art

[0002] Abroad began to research seaweed fibers in the 1940s of the last century. The domestic research started late, and the maximum fiber strength is 2.0 CN / dtex, without substantial breakthroughs, thus limiting the application fields. Seaweed fibers have unique gelling properties after contacting with body fluids through the ion exchange characteristics of carboxylic acid groups. Their exchange properties with metal ions in body fluids play an important role in biological activities such as moisture absorption, moisturizing, antibacterial, wound healing promotion, hemostasis, detoxification, and whitening, and have high application value in fields such as functional medical dressings, functional facial mask materials, maternal and child hygiene products, and adult incontinence products.

[0003] Developing marine biomass fibers is an important choice to promote the sustainable development of the economy and society following natural fibers and fossil-based synthetic fibers. Textile fibers are the interfaces where various clothing fabrics directly contact the human body and play a key role in skin and human health. Loading various active ingredients on the fibers and utilizing the hydrophilic properties, morphological characteristics, and the distribution of crystalline and amorphous regions on the fiber surface to promote the controlled release of active ingredients and their interaction with human tissues is an important direction in the research and application fields of bioactive fibers.

[0004] Patent No.: ZL200510131146.0 An alginate / polyvinyl alcohol composite fiber and its preparation method. The composite fiber prepared by the method has good strength, elasticity and biocompatibility, and can be used in the fields of civil textile clothing, medical gauze bandages and other medical textiles, industrial textiles, etc. Patent No.: ZL200510131145.6 Seaweed fiber gel spinning preparation process, with a draft rate of 40-200%, the initially formed sodium alginate fiber enters the second coagulation bath containing lower alcohol, hydrogen chloride and calcium chloride aqueous solution for ion exchange, and is drafted to obtain a spinnable seaweed fiber product. Patent number: CN201610533173.9 A method for preparing high-strength seaweed fiber, by introducing nano calcium carbonate into sodium alginate solution, using the principle of interface adsorption of nanoparticles and increase of interface free volume, effectively reduces the viscosity of seaweed fiber spinning solution, improves the spinnability of fiber, and has simple process, easy control, high strength and good anti-degradation performance. Patent number: CN108221085A A method for preparing high-strength seaweed fiber, oxidizing the hydroxyl group on sodium alginate monomer into aldehyde group with oxidant to obtain alginate aldehyde; the obtained viscous mixture is extruded into coagulation liquid through spinneret hole to form solid calcium alginate fiber filament, and the obtained product is processed to obtain high-strength ≧2.0CN / dtex seaweed fiber. FZ / T52049-2018 alginate staple fiber quality standard requires a strength of ≥2.0CN / dtex for spinning and ≥1.4CN / dtex for non-woven fabrics; however, in reality, it is difficult to spin if the breaking strength is ≥2.0CN / dtex.

[0005] The strength index of high-strength seaweed fiber in the existing technology is measured as greater than 2.0CN / dtex, which is 0.4CN / dtex different from the very poor strength of cotton (code S5) less than 2.4CN / dtex. Usually, it is very difficult to spin the pure or blended civilian clothing textiles and medical dressing textiles during processing, and the low yarn strength during use greatly reduces the wear resistance and abrasion resistance of the fabric; therefore, this limits the excellent performance of seaweed fiber in other textiles. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to effectively exert the excellent properties of seaweed fiber and expand its application field; this application provides a method for preparing high-strength seaweed fiber, which overcomes the problem of low strength of conventional seaweed fiber and successfully prepares high-strength seaweed fiber. Not only can it meet the requirements of textiles such as medical dressings, but also because of its high breaking strength, it can be expanded to the fields of civilian clothing, decorative materials, etc., and has good application prospects.

[0007] The present application provides a high-strength seaweed fiber. After the sodium alginate stock solution passes through a spinning bath, a de-crosslinking bath, and a crosslinking bath, the primary seaweed fiber obtains high-fold stretching performance. The strength of the high-strength seaweed fiber is 3.0 - 4.5 CN / dtex, and the fineness is 1.11 - 6.66 dtex.

[0008] The applicant found that the seaweed fibers produced in the prior art generally have a breaking strength in the range of 1.5 - 2.5 CN / dtex, and it is difficult to pure-spin textiles. They can only be blended with other fiber materials as a carrier, which greatly limits the application expansion of seaweed fibers. This is because the difference in breaking strength between seaweed fibers and conventional fibers is extremely large. When spinning seaweed fibers, due to the low single-fiber strength, the spinning breakage rate doubles, the production efficiency decreases, and the quality of the finished product cannot be effectively guaranteed; this is the main factor hindering the development of seaweed fibers.

[0009] The applicant's research found that the draw ratio of the primary fiber is an important parameter determining the final strength of the fiber, and there is a positive correlation between the draw ratio and the fiber strength. If the draw ratio is less than 3 times, although seaweed fibers can be produced, the strength of these fibers is too low, and the obtained fibers are difficult to spin normally. Therefore, in this application, by performing stepwise (sectional) stretching on the primary seaweed fiber, with a total draw ratio of more than 3 times, that is, by performing a de-crosslinking and re-crosslinking process on the primary seaweed fiber, the fiber macromolecules are transformed from a network structure to a linear structure, and its plasticization performance is improved, creating a favorable internal advantage for high-fold stretching. The corresponding high-strength seaweed fiber not only has the basic properties of seaweed fiber but also has a certain mechanical strength and can meet the requirements of spinning without blending. The production is environmentally friendly, easy to process, and can be better applied to products such as functional textiles, effectively exerting the excellent properties of seaweed fibers.

[0010] Preferably, the total draw ratio of the primary fiber of the high-strength seaweed is 3 - 5 times after passing through the de-crosslinking bath and the crosslinking bath.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the degree of alignment of the molecular chain segments in the polymer is called the orientation degree, which can reflect that the polymer chains of the seaweed fiber are oriented to a certain extent along the fiber axis. In the seaweed fiber of the present application, due to the de-crosslinking and re-crosslinking process; the draw ratio of the primary seaweed fiber is greatly increased, ensuring the alignment of the polymer along the axis, obtaining a high fiber orientation degree, and the corresponding fiber has more excellent mechanical properties.

[0012] The present application provides a method for preparing a high-strength seaweed fiber, including the following steps: S1. Using fiber-grade sodium alginate as a raw material, through dissolution, filtration, and degassing spinning to produce primary seaweed fibers; S2. The primary seaweed fibers prepared in S1 are subjected to stepwise (sectional) high-ratio stretching through a de-crosslinking bath and a crosslinking bath to obtain primary seaweed fibers. S3. The primary seaweed fibers prepared in S2 are preheated on a hot plate, mechanically curled, and high-strength semi-finished seaweed fibers are obtained. S4. The high-strength semi-finished seaweed fibers prepared in S3 are cut, washed with water, oiled, dried, and packed to obtain the high-strength seaweed fibers.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, sodium alginate of the present application can be dissolved, defoamed, and spun to generate primary seaweed fibers. Thus, the stretching ratio of the obtained primary seaweed fibers can be controlled according to the needs of the present application. Through de-crosslinking, stretching, and crosslinking of the primary seaweed fibers, based on the fact that the de-crosslinked polymer structure changes from a network to a linear form, high-strength seaweed fibers are obtained through two-step (sectional) high-ratio stretching. It should be particularly noted that the de-crosslinked primary seaweed fibers refer to those in which divalent metal ions in the fibers are partially replaced by monovalent metal ions of an acid; crosslinking refers to that when stretching again, monovalent hydrogen ions in the fibers are partially replaced by divalent metal ions of a divalent chloride again.

[0014] The steps of the above preparation method are simple, the conditions are controllable, seaweed fibers can be obtained stably, and the prepared seaweed fibers also have good breaking strength.

[0015] Preferably, in step S1, the concentration of the sodium alginate stock solution is 6-12%.

[0016] Preferably, in step S1, the preparation of the primary seaweed fibers includes the following steps: Weigh the sodium alginate and add it to a reaction kettle, and add demineralized water to soak it. Dissolve it at a temperature of 40-80°C for 1.5-3 h, filter it through a precision filter to an intermediate tank, and carry out vacuum defoaming at a temperature of 40-60°C for 1.5-3 h. After defoaming, pressurize it with compressed air to a secondary filter, a spinning metering pump, and a candle filter, and the stock solution is sprayed into a spinning bath from the micropores of a spinneret to crosslink and solidify into primary seaweed fibers.

[0017] Preferably, the components of the spinning bath are as follows: the coagulant is 1.5-5.0%, the temperature is 45-70°C; the spinneret has 10,000-30,000 holes, the diameter is 0.06-0.09 mm, and the spinning speed is 5.0-20.0 m / min.

[0018] Preferably, the divalent chloride of the coagulant in the spinning bath solution is one or more of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, and barium chloride.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solutions, when preparing seaweed primary fibers in this application, the concentration and dissolution time of the stock solution, the components of the spinning bath, and the spinning speed will all directly affect the quality of the primary fibers. Therefore, the applicant obtained the above reaction parameters through a large number of experiments, and then by strictly controlling the reaction parameters, laid a good foundation for the previous process of preparing high-strength seaweed fibers.

[0020] Preferably, in step S2, the high-magnification stretching of the primary fibers of the high-strength seaweed fibers is carried out in two steps (segments). After the first step (segment) is stretched in the de-crosslinking bath and then transferred to the crosslinking bath through a guide roller for the second stretching.

[0021] It can be known from adopting the above technical solutions that during the stretching process of seaweed primary fibers, the stretching multiple of the two-step (segment) stretching without a de-crosslinking bath is low, and the two-step (segment) stretching without a de-crosslinking bath does not perform re-crosslinking, and the mechanical properties of the fibers in the later stage will decline, which will not only affect the quality of the fibers, but also affect the use effect to a certain extent. Therefore, this application conducts stretching in two steps. The first step (segment) stretching is mainly carried out in an acidic de-crosslinking bath, so that the divalent metal ions in the seaweed primary fibers are replaced by hydrogen ions, and the polymer chains are transformed from the network structure during forming to a linear structure, and the flexibility of the molecular chains increases, which is conducive to the arrangement of molecules along the axial direction; the second step (segment) stretching is mainly to maximize the stretching multiple, so that the fibers in the crosslinking bath can re-bind crosslinking ions for the seaweed fibers that have removed the crosslinking agent under the crosslinking bath environment; only in this way can the mechanical properties of the fibers be maintained.

[0022] Preferably, in step S2, the total stretching multiple of the seaweed primary fibers is 3 to 5 times.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solutions, when implementing step-by-step (segment) stretching in the de-crosslinking bath and the crosslinking bath, the stretching distribution is very important. Excessive stretching in either the de-crosslinking bath or the crosslinking bath will make the fibers prone to hairiness, which will make it difficult to ensure the breaking strength of the fibers and is also not conducive to the treatment of the next process. Controlling the stretching multiple of the de-crosslinking bath to be 1.5 to 3.0 times and the stretching multiple of the crosslinking bath to be 1.2 to 2.5 times can not only stabilize the stretching, but also maximize the stretching multiple. Therefore, this application takes this as a further preference.

[0024] Preferably, if the acid content in the de-crosslinking bath solution is too high, it is easy to cause excessive de-crosslinking of the fibers and the fibers to expand, making it difficult to ensure the filamentous structure of the fibers. If the acid content is too low, it is difficult to effectively remove the crosslinking agent on the fibers. A de-crosslinking bath obtained with 0.1 to 2.0% acid and a temperature of 50 to 70 °C can effectively remove the crosslinking agent. If the crosslinking agent content in the crosslinking bath solution is too high, it is easy to cause excessive crosslinking of the fibers, resulting in low elongation and easy brittle fracture of the finished fibers. If the crosslinking agent content is too low, it is difficult to effectively maintain the mechanical properties of the fibers. A crosslinking bath obtained with 1.0 to 5.0% crosslinking agent and a temperature of 50 to 70 °C can effectively improve and maintain the breaking strength of the fibers.

[0025] Preferably, the acid in the desizing bath solution is one or more of inorganic or organic acids such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, and tartaric acid, all of which can effectively replace the cross-linking agent on the seaweed fiber.

[0026] Preferably, the cross-linking agent in the cross-linking bath solution is one or more of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, and barium chloride. The above divalent chlorides can not only cross-link well with seaweed fiber, but also have the characteristics of easy dissolution and no pollution, which is convenient for subsequent operations such as washing and drying of the fiber.

[0027] Preferably, in step S3, the primary product of seaweed fiber enters a hot plate oven through a tension frame for preheating, and then enters a mechanical crimper for crimping to ensure that the fiber crimping degree meets the textile requirements of 3 - 8 per 25 cm; a semi-finished product of high-strength seaweed fiber is obtained. The hot plate temperature is controlled at 100 - 200 °C, the speed is 15 - 50 m / min, and the crimping pressure is 0.25 - 0.5 Mpa.

[0028] Preferably, in step S4, after the semi-finished product of high-strength seaweed fiber is cut into short fibers of a specified length by a disc-type high-speed cutting machine through a bundling frame and a fiber kneading machine, it is transported to a fiber feeding hot water tank by a belt conveyor. The short fibers dispersed by hot water in the fiber feeding tank are spread and moved flat to the front-stage water washing area of the fiber refining machine under the action of water power, and are successively washed and pressed multiple times, and then enter the oiling area in the rear stage for oiling and pressing. The short fibers with relatively stable moisture content are spread into a silk sheet of a certain width and thickness by a pressure roller, and are driven by a pressing roller to run to wet opening and wet feeding and then enter a chain plate dryer for drying and are weighed and packaged to obtain the high-strength seaweed fiber.

[0029] Preferably, the temperature of the fiber feeding water and water washing is 45 - 60 °C, the concentration of the oiling bath is 0.1 - 0.2%, and the temperature is 45 - 60 °C. The moisture content of the pressed fiber is 55 - 65%, and the drying temperature is 100 - 150 °C.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solutions, the finished product of high-strength seaweed fiber meets the basic requirements of textile, and the flexibility, antistatic property, cohesion, and spinnability of the fiber are further improved.

[0031] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application provides a method for preparing high-strength seaweed fiber. The obtained fiber has excellent breaking strength and spinnability, and meets the requirements of post-processing. The dry breaking strength is 2.82 - 5.08 cN / dtex, the wet breaking strength is 2.63 - 4.86 cN / dtex, the fineness is 1.11 - 6.66 dtex, and the coefficient of variation CV value of fineness is 10.0 - 15.0; 2. When designing the high-strength seaweed fiber process flow of this application, the wet solution two-step spinning process technology is adopted, and the production is more controllable. At the same time, the seaweed fiber after stretching and crimping undergoes natural balance for 10 - 24 hours, thereby eliminating the internal stress of the fiber polymer. The polymer structure is more stable, and the dimensional stability is significantly improved, making the subsequent processing of the fiber more perfect; 3. When preparing the high-strength seaweed fiber of this application, the "two-step (stage) stretching" method is adopted to maximize the total stretching multiple of the nascent fiber, so that the breaking strength of the obtained high-strength fiber can be effectively improved and maintained. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the high-strength seaweed fiber process flow. Detailed Embodiments

[0033] The high-strength seaweed fiber provided by this application uses existing marine polymers as raw materials, and mainly takes sodium alginate as an example for illustration. First, using fiber-grade sodium alginate as the raw material, it is dissolved, filtered, degassed and spun to produce seaweed nascent fiber; the nascent fiber is subjected to step-by-step (stage) high-ratio stretching through a de-crosslinking bath and a crosslinking bath to obtain a primary product of seaweed fiber; the primary product of seaweed fiber is preheated by a hot plate and mechanically crimped to obtain a semi-finished product of high-strength seaweed fiber; the semi-finished product of high-strength seaweed fiber is cut, washed, oiled, dried, and packed to obtain the high-strength seaweed fiber.

[0034] Among them, the fineness and breaking strength of the fiber have a great impact on the quality of the fiber. The specific detection methods are as follows: ①Fineness It is measured using a fineness tester, and the detection method is carried out according to the provisions of GB / T 14355.

[0035] ②Breaking Strength It is measured using a tensile and elongation tester, and the detection method is carried out according to the provisions of GB / T 14337.

[0036] The following further elaborates on this application in combination with examples and comparative examples. Examples

[0037] Example 1 This example discloses a high-strength seaweed fiber, and its preparation method includes the following steps (see the attached Figure 1 Block diagram of the high-strength seaweed fiber process flow): S1. Select fiber-grade sodium alginate as the raw material, measure a certain weight of sodium alginate and demineralized water according to the ratio to prepare a sodium alginate stock solution with a concentration of 8.0%, at a temperature of 60°C, with an effective dissolution time of 2.5 h. After dissolution, filter and perform vacuum degassing for 2 h; then, in sequence, pass through a metering pump, a candle filter, and a spinneret to spray and immerse in a spinning bath for solidification and molding. The spinning bath solution contains 2.5% calcium chloride and the rest is demineralized water, at a temperature of 45°C; S2. Pull the primary fiber prepared in S1 or the nascent fiber to a take-up roller and immerse it in a decrosslinking bath. The tow is fully immersed in the bath, and a 2.2-fold draw is carried out using the speed difference between the rear roller and the front roller; then transfer to a crosslinking bath, with the tow fully immersed, and then carry out a 1.8-fold draw using the speed difference between the take-up roller out of the bath and the upper bath roller, with a total draw ratio of 3.96 times. The decrosslinking bath solution contains 0.15% citric acid and the rest is demineralized water, at a temperature of 50°C; the crosslinking bath solution contains 2.5% calcium chloride and the rest is demineralized water, at a temperature of 50°C; S3. Preheat the primary sodium alginate fiber product prepared in S2 through a tension frame and then enter a hot plate oven, and then enter a mechanical crimper for crimping; obtain a semi-finished high-strength sodium alginate fiber. The hot plate temperature is controlled at 110°C, the speed is 25 m / min, and the crimping pressure is 0.35 Mpa; S4. Feed the semi-finished high-strength sodium alginate fiber prepared in S3 through a bunching frame and a fiber kneader into a disk-type high-speed cutting machine to cut it into short fibers of a specified length, and then send it to a fiber feeding hot water tank, and successively complete multiple water washes, multiple presses, enter the oiling area in the latter stage for oiling, pressing, and drying; harvest the high-strength sodium alginate fiber; The temperature of the fiber feeding water and the water wash is 50°C, the concentration of the oiling bath is 0.1%, the temperature is 50°C, and the drying temperature is 105°C.

[0038] Example 2 This example discloses a high-strength sodium alginate fiber, and its preparation method includes the following steps: S1. Select fiber-grade sodium alginate as the raw material, measure a certain weight of sodium alginate and demineralized water according to the ratio to prepare a sodium alginate stock solution with a concentration of 10.5%, at a temperature of 60°C, with an effective dissolution time of 2.5 h. After dissolution, filter and perform vacuum degassing for 2 h; then, in sequence, pass through a metering pump, a candle filter, and a spinneret to spray and immerse in a spinning bath for solidification and molding. The spinning bath solution contains 2.5% calcium chloride and the rest is demineralized water, at a temperature of 55°C; S2. Pull the primary fiber prepared in S1 or the nascent fiber to a take-up roller and immerse it in a decrosslinking bath. The tow is fully immersed in the bath, and a 2.0-fold draw is carried out using the speed difference between the rear roller and the front roller; then transfer to a crosslinking bath, with the tow fully immersed, and then carry out a 1.6-fold draw using the speed difference between the take-up roller out of the bath and the upper bath roller, with a total draw ratio of 3.20 times. The decrosslinking bath solution contains 0.30% citric acid and the rest is demineralized water, at a temperature of 60°C; the crosslinking bath solution contains 4.0% calcium chloride and the rest is demineralized water, at a temperature of 60°C; S3. Feed the primary seaweed fiber product prepared in S2 into a hot plate oven through a tension frame for preheating, and then feed it into a mechanical crimper for crimpling to obtain a semi-finished high-strength seaweed fiber. The hot plate temperature is controlled at 120°C, the speed is 35 m / min, and the crimpling pressure is 0.40 Mpa. S4. Feed the semi-finished high-strength seaweed fiber prepared in S3 into a disk high-speed cutter through a bundling frame and a fiber kneader, cut it into short fibers of a specified length, and then send it to a fiber feeding hot water tank. Complete multiple water washes and multiple presses in sequence, enter the oiling area in the latter section for oiling, pressing, and drying to harvest the high-strength seaweed fiber. The temperature of the fiber feeding water and the water wash is 50°C, the concentration of the oiling bath is 0.1%, the temperature is 50°C, and the drying temperature is 105°C.

[0039] Example 3 This example discloses a high-strength seaweed fiber, and its preparation method includes the following steps: S1. Select fiber-grade sodium alginate as the raw material, measure a certain weight of sodium alginate and demineralized water according to the ratio to prepare a sodium alginate stock solution with a concentration of 10.5%, at a temperature of 60°C, with an effective dissolution time of 2.5 h. After the dissolution is completed, filter and perform vacuum degassing for 2 h. Then, successively pass through a metering pump and a candle filter and spray out through a spinneret and immerse it in a spinning bath for solidification molding. The spinning bath solution contains 2.5% magnesium chloride and the rest is demineralized water, at a temperature of 55°C. S2. Pull the primary fiber prepared in S1 or the nascent fiber to the off-bath guide roller and immerse it in a decoupling bath. The fiber bundle is fully immersed in the bath, and a 2.0-fold stretching is performed using the speed difference between the rear guide roller and the front guide roller. Then, transfer it to a crosslinking bath, the fiber bundle is fully immersed, and a 1.9-fold stretching is performed using the speed difference between the off-bath guide roller and the upper bath guide roller. The total stretching multiple is 3.8 times. The decoupling bath solution contains 0.25% hydrochloric acid and the rest is demineralized water, at a temperature of 60°C; the crosslinking bath solution contains 4.0% magnesium chloride and the rest is demineralized water, at a temperature of 60°C. S3. Feed the primary seaweed fiber product prepared in S2 into a hot plate oven through a tension frame for preheating, and then feed it into a mechanical crimper for crimpling to obtain a semi-finished high-strength seaweed fiber. The hot plate temperature is controlled at 120°C, the speed is 28 m / min, and the crimpling pressure is 0.35 Mpa. S4. Feed the semi-finished high-strength seaweed fiber prepared in S3 into a disk high-speed cutter through a bundling frame and a fiber kneader, cut it into short fibers of a specified length, and then send it to a fiber feeding hot water tank. Complete multiple water washes and multiple presses in sequence, enter the oiling area in the latter section for oiling, pressing, and drying to harvest the high-strength seaweed fiber. The temperature of the fiber feeding water and the water wash is 50°C, the concentration of the oiling bath is 0.1%, the temperature is 50°C, and the drying temperature is 105°C.

[0040] Examples 4 - 5 Examples 4 - 5 Based on the method of Example 1, the concentration of sodium alginate and the spinning bath parameters in step S1 were adjusted. For specific adjustments, refer to Table 1 below: Table 1 Concentrations of the stock solutions and spinning bath parameters of Examples 1, 4 - 5

[0041] Examples 6 - 10 Examples 6 - 10 Based on the method of Example 1, the two - step (section) drawing ratio and the bath solution parameters in step S2 were adjusted. For specific adjustments, refer to Table 2 below: Table 2 Parameters of the desizing bath, cross - linking bath, and drawing ratio of Examples 1, 6 - 10

[0042] Comparative Example 1 Using commercially available seaweed fibers currently on the market, fiber - related mechanical property detection tests were directly carried out.

[0043] Performance detection tests The high - strength seaweed fibers of the above Examples 1 - 10 were subjected to mechanical property tests of the fibers. The inspection results are shown in Table 3 below. The test method is as follows: Fineness: Measured using a fineness tester, and the detection method is carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB / T 14355; Breaking strength: Measured using a tensile strength tester, and the detection method is carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB / T 14337; Table 3 Quality of the high - strength seaweed fibers of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 - 10

[0044] Combined with Table 3 above, it can be seen that this application overcomes the problem that the as - spun fibers of the conventional seaweed fiber process are difficult to withstand high multiples, and successfully obtains high - strength seaweed fibers. After testing, the breaking strength of the high - strength seaweed fibers is in the range of 2.96 - 4.38 CN / dtex, the fineness is 1.25 - 3.33 dtex, and the coefficient of variation CV value is 10.0 - 15.0%. Therefore, it has a higher breaking strength than conventional seaweed fibers and has more excellent spinnability compared with low - strength seaweed fibers.

[0045] Examples 1 to 3 used different concentrations of sodium alginate stock solution. From the test results, it can be obtained that corresponding high-strength fibers can be obtained by using the preparation method of the present application with different concentrations of sodium alginate stock solution and different spinning, de-crosslinking, and crosslinking bath solutions. Combining the test results of Examples 4 to 5, it can be obtained that too high a stock solution concentration will have a certain impact on the fiber breaking strength. The present application further limits the "sodium alginate stock solution concentration to 6.0 - 10.5%" to prepare high-strength algal fibers, thereby ensuring that the prepared algal nascent fibers have a higher draw ratio, and further enabling the obtained finished product to have a higher breaking strength.

[0046] Referring to the test results of Example 3, it can be obtained that different spinning baths, de-crosslinking baths, and crosslinking baths can also obtain high-strength algal fibers, but the equipment corrosion is serious and the production cost will increase.

[0047] Application Example

[0048] The high-strength fibers prepared in Examples 1 to 10 of the present application can be applied to, but not limited to, the following fields: medical dressings, civil clothing textiles, flame-retardant textiles, functional facial mask materials, maternal and child health products, adult incontinence products; specifically, they can be made into yarns, non-woven fabrics, flocs, etc. according to needs.

[0049] This specific embodiment is only an interpretation of the present application and does not limit the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contributions according to needs, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A high-strength seaweed fiber, characterized in that: The primary sodium alginate solution is subjected to a spinning bath, a crosslinking bath, and a crosslinking bath, so that the primary seaweed fiber obtains high-fold stretching performance. The strength of the high-strength seaweed fiber is 3.0 to 4.5 CN / dtex, and the fineness is 1.11 to 6.66 dtex.

2. The high-strength seaweed fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-strength seaweed fiber is subjected to stepwise (sectional) stretching through a crosslinking bath and a crosslinking bath, and the total stretching multiple is 3 to 5 times.

3. The preparation method of the high-strength seaweed fiber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Using fiber-grade sodium alginate as the raw material, it is dissolved, filtered, degassed, and a spinning bath is used to generate primary seaweed fibers; S2. The primary seaweed fibers prepared in S1 are subjected to stepwise (sectional) high-fold stretching through a crosslinking bath and a crosslinking bath to obtain primary seaweed fiber products; S3. The primary seaweed fiber products prepared in S2 are preheated on a hot plate and mechanically curled to obtain semi-finished high-strength seaweed fibers; S4. The semi-finished high-strength seaweed fibers prepared in S3 are cut, washed with water, oiled, dried, and packed to obtain the high-strength seaweed fibers.

4. The preparation method of the high-strength seaweed fiber according to claim 3, wherein: In step S1, the concentration of the fiber-grade sodium alginate solution is preferably 6 to 12%.

5. The preparation method of the high-strength seaweed fiber according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S1, the preparation of the primary seaweed fibers includes the following steps: Dissolve sodium alginate in demineralized water at a temperature of 40 to 80 °C, with an effective dissolution time (referring to the temperature reaching the set value) of 1.5 to 3 h. After dissolution, filter and vacuum degas for 1.5 to 3 h. Under the push of pressure, the stock solution passes through a metering pump and pre-spinning filtration and is sprayed into a spinning bath containing a 1.5 to 5.0% coagulant aqueous solution by a spinneret to obtain the primary seaweed fibers.

6. The preparation method of the high-strength seaweed fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The divalent chloride coagulant in the spinning bath is one or more of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, and barium chloride.

7. The preparation method of the high-strength seaweed fiber according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the high-fold stretching of the primary seaweed fibers is carried out in two steps. The first step (section) of stretching is carried out in an acidic crosslinking bath for crosslinking and stretching, and then through a guide roller to a crosslinking bath containing a crosslinking agent for the second step (section) of stretching.

8. The preparation method of the high-strength seaweed fiber according to claim 3, wherein: In step S2, the primary seaweed fibers are immersed in an acidic crosslinking bath for stretching, with a stretching multiple of 1.5 to 3.0, and stretched in a crosslinking bath, with a stretching multiple of 1.2 to 2.

5.

9. The preparation method of the high-strength seaweed fiber according to claim 8, wherein: The acid in the acidic crosslinking bath is one or more of inorganic or organic acids such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, and tartaric acid.

10. The preparation method of the high-strength seaweed fiber according to claim 8, characterized in that: The divalent chloride crosslinking agent in the crosslinking bath is one or more of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, and barium chloride.

11. The preparation method of the high-strength seaweed fiber according to claim 3, wherein: In step S3, the seaweed fibers are heated on a hot plate and mechanically curled. The temperature of the hot plate is controlled at 100 to 200 °C, the speed is 15 to 50 m / min, and the curling pressure is 0.25 to 0.5 Mpa.

12. The preparation method of the high-strength seaweed fiber according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S4, the semi-finished high-strength seaweed fibers are balanced for 10 to 24 h and then cut, washed with water, oiled, dried, and packed.

13. The preparation method of the high-strength seaweed fiber according to claim 3, characterized in that: In steps S1 to S4, the preparation of the high-strength seaweed fibers is a typical wet solution two-step spinning technology.

14. Application of the high-strength seaweed fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 2 or the preparation method of the high-strength seaweed fiber according to any one of claims 3 to 13.

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