The invention discloses a novel production process of high-strength breathable socks. The novel production process sequentially includes the following steps of yarn manufacturing, sock weaving, scouring and bleaching treatment, arrangement and dyeing, seam allowance treatment, reinforcing treatment, shaping treatment, water-curing treatment, drying treatment and inspecting and packaging. According to the production process, the method that hydroscopic cotton natural fibers and cotton-type hydrophilic polyester fibers are staggered is adopted, the high strength characteristic of the cotton-type hydrophilic polyester fibers is fully utilized, flat structures are adopted in soles of the socks, and then fabric can meet the requirement for high strength, breathability and comfortableness; the cotton-type hydrophilic polyester fibers are high in strength and good in shape preservation and have abrasive resistance and good moisture absorption, and therefore good hand feeling and good appearance can be obtained by staggering the hydroscopic cotton natural fibers and the cotton-type hydrophilic polyester fibers. The produced socks have the excellent performance of spandex, are capable of freely expanding and contracting when being worn, comfortable and capable of fitting feet, and have good moisture absorption, good breathability and good abrasive resistance compared with the prior art.