A high-voltage pulsed hydraulic rock breaking device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-voltage pulsed liquid-electric rock-breaking device, which relates to the field of drilling technology. The device comprises: a main structure comprising transformer oil, an insulating cylinder, a cylinder body, and a drill pipe connected in sequence; the cylinder body having an open top, the cylinder body top being threadedly connected to the bottom end of the insulating cylinder; a cavity formed between the bottom end of the insulating cylinder and the inner wall of the cylinder body, and the transformer oil filling the cavity; a first high-voltage electrode rod vertically extending through the insulating cylinder, the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod extending into the cavity; a second high-voltage electrode rod sleeved within the drill pipe, the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod extending into the cavity, the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod connected to a drill bit extending outside the drill pipe, and the second high-voltage electrode rod and the first high-voltage electrode rod being connected to a high-voltage power supply of the same polarity. The present invention has the advantage of improving the uniformity of electric field distribution and avoiding the problem of electric field distortion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling, and in particular to a high-voltage pulsed hydraulic-electric rock breaking device. Background Art

[0002] High-voltage pulse discharge rock-breaking technology has emerged in recent decades. It utilizes a high-voltage pulse power source to generate electrical energy and convert it into various forms of energy, including mechanical energy. Complex stress waves are then generated within an insulating medium to break hard rock. This technology boasts safety, efficiency, environmental friendliness, controllability, and low cost, and is widely used in mining, deep drilling, oil exploration, geothermal development, and other fields. Due to its unique advantages, high-voltage pulse discharge rock-breaking technology is gradually moving towards industrial application and is expected to be promoted in even more fields in the future.

[0003] Traditional rock crushing generally adopts mechanical methods, which have disadvantages such as high energy consumption, low efficiency, and poor safety. High-voltage pulse discharge rock crushing technology uses a high-voltage pulse power supply to instantly discharge in a liquid medium to generate shock waves to achieve rock crushing. Compared with traditional mechanical crushing technology, it has the advantages of concentrated energy and no mechanical wear. Existing high-voltage pulse crushing devices usually adopt an integrated long electrode structure system. Although this structural design can achieve the effect of auxiliary rock crushing, it still has significant defects. The main defect is that this design will form electric field distortion at the end of the electrode or at the structural mutation point when the high-voltage pulse is loaded, resulting in uneven electric field distribution. At the same time, the discharge energy is concentrated in a local area, which can easily cause insulation breakdown or energy dispersion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-voltage pulsed liquid-electric rock breaking device, which improves the uniformity of electric field distribution and avoids the problem of electric field distortion.

[0005] The present invention provides a high-voltage pulsed hydraulic-electric rock breaking device, comprising:

[0006] The main structure includes transformer oil and an insulating cylinder, a cylinder body, and a drill rod connected in sequence. The top of the cylinder body is open and is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the insulating cylinder. A cavity is formed between the bottom end of the insulating cylinder and the inner wall of the cylinder body, and the transformer oil is filled in the cavity.

[0007] a first high-voltage electrode rod, vertically inserted into the insulating tube, with the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod extending into the cavity;

[0008] a second high-voltage electrode rod, which is sleeved within the drill rod, wherein the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod extends into the cavity, the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod is connected to a drill bit, and the drill bit extends outside the drill rod, the second high-voltage electrode rod and the first high-voltage electrode rod are connected to a high-voltage power supply of the same polarity, and the same-polarity charges accumulated on the surfaces of the second high-voltage electrode rod and the first high-voltage electrode rod generate Coulomb repulsion, thereby forming an initial shock wave in the transformer oil and generating a resonant impact force to assist in rock breaking;

[0009] The bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod and the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod are in uniform contact with the transformer oil, forming a symmetrical electric field line distribution, avoiding electric field distortion while making the electric field uniformly distributed.

[0010] Preferably, the first high-voltage electrode rod is circumferentially sheathed with a first insulating tube, the bottom end of the first insulating tube is flush with the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod, the top end of the first insulating tube is located in the insulating tube, and the second high-voltage electrode rod is circumferentially sheathed with a second insulating tube, the first insulating tube is threaded with a first fixing nut, the first fixing nut is used to fix the first insulating tube, and the second insulating tube is threaded with a second fixing nut, the second fixing nut is used to fix the second insulating tube.

[0011] Preferably, the second insulating tube includes two sections, and the two sections of the second insulating tube are spaced apart, wherein the top of one section of the second insulating tube is flush with the top of the second high-voltage electrode rod, and the bottom end of the other section of the second insulating tube is flush with the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod. It also includes a first connecting member and a second connecting member with the same structure, the first connecting member and the second connecting member are made of conductive material, the first connecting member is arranged at the top of the first high-voltage electrode rod, a through hole is opened on the side wall of the drill rod, the second connecting member is passed through the through hole and is connected to the side wall of the second high-voltage electrode rod, the second connecting member is located between the two sections of the second insulating tube, and the first connecting member and the second connecting member are connected to the same-pole high-voltage power supply.

[0012] Preferably, a piston is mounted on the bottom end of the first insulating tube, the bottom end of the piston is located in the cavity, the piston is conical, the diameter of the bottom end of the piston is smaller than the diameter of the top end of the piston, and the piston is made of insulating material.

[0013] Preferably, a second sleeve is provided in the insulating tube, the second sleeve is sleeved on the circumference of the first insulating tube, and the second sleeve is made of insulating material.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes:

[0015] a pre-tightening nut, threadedly connected to the top end of the first high-voltage electrode rod, the pre-tightening nut being located below the first connecting member;

[0016] a first sleeve, inserted into the insulating cylinder and fixed to the insulating cylinder, the first sleeve being sleeved around the circumference of the first high-voltage electrode rod, the first sleeve being made of insulating material, the bottom end of the pre-tightening nut being used to abut against the top end of the first sleeve;

[0017] A support plate is horizontally mounted in the insulating cylinder, the support plate is located above the first fixing nut, and the support plate is sleeved and fixed on the circumference of the first sleeve.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes:

[0019] A spring is located in the insulating cylinder. The spring is sleeved on the first sleeve. The top end of the spring is fixed to the top wall of the insulating cylinder, and the bottom end of the spring is fixed to the support plate.

[0020] Preferably, the top end of the drill bit is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a high-voltage pulsed hydraulic-electric rock breaking device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The first and second high-voltage electrode rods of this device extend into the cavity from the upper and lower ends, respectively, forming a symmetrical electric field line distribution. This avoids the electric field distortion problem common in traditional single-electrode systems. Furthermore, the electrodes of the first and second high-voltage electrode rods are in uniform contact with the oil at the same time, further improving the uniformity of the electric field distribution. Compared with traditional equipment, this design significantly reduces the risk of partial discharge and improves energy utilization efficiency. The first and second high-voltage electrode rods of this device are also connected to a high-voltage power supply with the same polarity. The charges of the same polarity accumulated on the surface of the electrodes produce a strong Coulomb repulsion, forming an initial shock wave in the transformer oil medium. This can generate a highly efficient resonant impact force to assist in rock breaking. When the shock wave frequency is close to or consistent with the natural frequency of the cavity, an axial standing wave resonance is formed, assisting in rock breaking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the insulating conductive unit of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drilling unit of the present invention.

[0027] The meanings of the various numbers in the figure are as follows: 11—first high-voltage electrode rod, 12—second high-voltage electrode rod, 2—insulating conductive unit, 21—pre-tightening nut, 22—first sleeve, 23—top cover, 24—spring, 25—insulating cylinder, 26—support plate, 27—first fixing nut, 28—first insulating tube, 29—second sleeve, 210—bottom cover, 211—piston, 3—cavity unit, 31—sealing gasket, 32—cavity, 33—cylinder, 4—drill rod, 42—second insulating tube, 43—insulating rubber hose, 44—first connecting piece, 5—drill bit, 6—reaming drill bit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] A specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiment.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by those skilled in the art in specific circumstances.

[0031] Additionally, in the description of the present invention, "plurality" refers to two or more than two. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to imply or suggest relative importance or implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The embodiment of the present invention provides a high-voltage pulsed electric hydraulic rock breaking device such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a first high-voltage electrode rod 11, an insulating conductive unit 2, a cavity unit 3, a second high-voltage electrode rod 12, and a drilling unit. The insulating conductive unit 2, the cavity unit 3 and the drilling unit constitute the main structure. The top of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 is used to connect to an external high-voltage power supply, and the external high-voltage power supply is used to provide high voltage electricity to the first high-voltage electrode rod 11. The external high-voltage power supply can be provided by a high-voltage DC power supply combined with a pulse modulation module (such as a thyristor or a spark gap switch). Depending on the hardness of the rock, the voltage can be adjusted in the range of 20V~200V; Figure 2As shown, the insulating conductive unit 2 includes an insulating cylinder 25, a top cover 23 and a bottom cover 210 made of insulating material. The top cover 23 is arranged at the top end of the insulating cylinder 25, and the bottom cover 210 is arranged at the bottom end of the insulating cylinder 25. The insulating cylinder 25 is a hollow cylinder with both ends of the insulating cylinder 25 sealed by the top cover 23 and the bottom cover 210. The first high-voltage electrode rod 11 is passed through the insulating cylinder 25 to avoid leakage of electricity conducted on the first high-voltage electrode rod 11, and at the same time, the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 can be supported and protected; the cavity unit 3 includes a cylinder 33 and a sealing gasket 31. The top of the cylinder 33 is open. The cylinder 33 is threadedly connected to the bottom cover 210. The inner wall of the top of the cylinder 33 is provided with an internal thread. The cross-sectional view of the bottom cover 210 is U-shaped, that is, the circumference of the bottom cover 210 extends a portion toward the top of the insulating cylinder 25. An external thread is provided in the extended circumference to match the internal thread of the cylinder 33. The interior of the cylinder 33 and the bottom of the bottom cover 210 form a cavity 32. The bottom cover 210 can block the top of the cylinder 33. The bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 is located in the cavity 32. The cavity 32 is filled with transformer oil. The role of the transformer oil is as an insulating medium and a discharge medium. The dielectric provides a stable insulating environment during the high-voltage pulse discharge process, and at the same time generates a strong hydroelectric effect when penetrated by the high-voltage pulse, converting electrical energy into a mechanical shock wave to act on the rock; in addition, the transformer oil can also evenly distribute the electric field, cool the electrodes, suppress arcs, and protect the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 from corrosion through its chemical stability, thereby ensuring the stability of the discharge process and the rock breaking efficiency. The sealing gasket 31 is set at the bottom of the bottom cover 210, and the top of the cylinder 33 can be sealed by the sealing gasket 31, that is, the cavity 32 is sealed. , to avoid affecting the effect of high-voltage pulse discharge, the sealing gasket 31 can be a rubber sealing gasket; the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 is vertically penetrated at the bottom of the cylinder 33, and the top of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 is located in the cavity 32. The second high-voltage electrode rod 12 is connected to a high-voltage power supply with the same polarity as the first high-voltage electrode rod 11. The repulsion of the same polarities produces efficient resonant impact force, which can assist in rock breaking; the drilling unit includes a drill rod 4 and a drill bit 5. The drill rod 4 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the cylinder 33. The drill rod 4 is a hollow structure. The second high-voltage electrode rod 12 is sleeved in the drill rod 4, and the drill bit 5 is arranged at the bottom of the drill rod 4. In this embodiment, the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 are both extended into the transformer oil in the cavity 32 and are in full contact with the transformer oil, which can ensure that the electrode rods can effectively perform discharge operations. The first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 are not in contact, which can improve the discharge efficiency and avoid unnecessary short-circuit risks, so that the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 are kept at the largest possible spacing distance. This design not only optimizes the distribution of the electric field, but also enhances the stability of the discharge process.This device optimizes the electric field distribution by setting up a double-stage high-voltage electrode rod design, improving discharge uniformity and energy utilization. At the same time, the drill rod 4 is a hollow structure integrated design that shortens the conductive path, reduces energy loss, and adapts to confined working environments. These improvements significantly improve rock breaking efficiency, equipment life, and operational safety. Among them, the high-voltage electrode rod is the core body of the discharge system. In this embodiment, the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 are made of copper with high conductivity and good processing performance. The copper metal rod not only has good conductivity and can effectively conduct high-voltage current, but also has high mechanical strength and strong corrosion resistance, and can maintain long-term stable operation in harsh working environments. In addition, the copper electrode rod can withstand high temperatures during the discharge process and is not easily oxidized, thereby ensuring the service life of the electrode rod and the reliable operation of the entire system. The first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 of this device extend into the cavity 32 from the upper and lower ends respectively, forming a symmetrical electric field line distribution, avoiding the electric field distortion problem common in traditional single-electrode systems. The identical size of the first and second high-voltage electrode rods 11, 12 ensures simultaneous and uniform contact between the electrodes and the oil, further improving the uniformity of the electric field distribution. This design significantly reduces the risk of partial discharge and improves energy efficiency compared to conventional equipment. The first and second high-voltage electrode rods 11, 12 of this device are also connected to a high-voltage power supply with the same polarity. The charges of the same polarity accumulated on the electrode surfaces generate strong Coulomb repulsion, forming an initial shock wave in the transformer oil medium, which generates a highly efficient resonant impact force to assist in rock breaking. When the shock wave frequency approaches or coincides with the cavity's natural frequency (the specific resonant frequency determined by the physical structure of the cavity 32 when excited by a high-voltage pulse discharge), an axial standing wave resonance is formed. This resonant effect achieves an efficient conversion path from electrical energy to charge potential energy to mechanical energy to shock wave energy to resonant energy to rock-breaking work. An axial standing wave refers to a stable wave state formed by the axial superposition of the shock wave generated by the same-polarity high-voltage electrodes and its reflected wave within the cavity 32 of this device. This wave pattern produces a pressure amplification effect at specific locations (antinodes), concentrating and enhancing the shock wave energy.

[0034] Furthermore, a first insulating tube 28 is circumferentially sheathed on the first high-voltage electrode rod 11. The bottom end of the first insulating tube 28 is flush with the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11, and the top end of the first insulating tube 28 is located within the insulating tube 25. A second insulating tube 42 is circumferentially sheathed on the second high-voltage electrode rod 12. A first fixing nut 27 is threadedly connected to the first insulating tube 28, and the first fixing nut 27 is used to fix the first insulating tube 28. A second fixing nut is threadedly connected to the second insulating tube 42, and the second fixing nut is used to fix the second insulating tube 42. By sheathing the insulating tubes circumferentially on both the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12, the high-voltage electrode rods can be effectively isolated from the external environment, preventing discharge from occurring in the electrode rod body during operation, thereby avoiding affecting the breakdown and crushing effect, and ensuring that the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 can perform at their optimal performance under safe and stable working conditions. In this embodiment, the first insulating tube 28 and the second insulating tube 42 are made of organic glass tubes with excellent insulation properties. The organic glass tubes not only have good electrical insulation properties and can withstand the electric field effects in high-voltage environments, but also facilitate monitoring and maintenance. In addition, the organic glass tubes are chemically stable and corrosion-resistant, making them less susceptible to erosion by the transformer oil in the cavity 32, thereby increasing their service life. Furthermore, the first insulating tube 28 and the second insulating tube 42 utilize a circular tube structure. This circular tube design is not only aesthetically pleasing but also has a uniform wall thickness, providing a uniform electric field distribution and reducing the risk of partial discharge. The circular tube structure is also easy to install and secure, providing stable support for the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12, ensuring their correct positioning within the cavity 32. Furthermore, the circular tube shape helps prevent the accumulation of impurities within the liquid cavity, reducing the workload of cleaning and maintenance. In addition, the first insulating tube 28 and the second insulating tube 42 can also be made of polytetrafluoroethylene or alumina ceramics. 1. Polytetrafluoroethylene, characteristics: high dielectric strength, about 60 kV / mm, strong chemical corrosion resistance, wide temperature range, -200°C to 260°C, low friction coefficient, easy to process into a tubular structure, applicable scenarios: suitable for environments with high requirements for insulation performance and corrosion resistance, and suitable for insulating parts of complex shapes. 2. Alumina ceramics, characteristics: extremely high dielectric strength, about 15kV / mm~20 kV / mm, high temperature resistance, long-term use temperature can reach 1600°C, high mechanical strength, strong resistance to electrical breakdown, applicable scenarios: suitable for high voltage and high temperature environments, especially occasions requiring long-term stability and high mechanical support. The above two materials are both high dielectric strength insulating materials, which significantly enhance the resistance to high voltage and high temperature.

[0035] Furthermore, the second insulating tube 42 includes two sections, the two sections of the second insulating tube 42 are spaced apart, the two sections of the second insulating tube 42 are fixed by two second fixing nuts, and the side wall of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 of the spaced portion is exposed, the top of one section of the second insulating tube 42 is flush with the top of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12, and the bottom of the other section of the second insulating tube 42 is flush with the bottom of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12, with only a small section of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 leaking out in the middle, and also includes a first connecting member 44 and a second connecting member of the same structure, the first connecting member 44 and the second connecting member are made of conductive materials. In this embodiment, the first connecting member 44 and the second connecting member are metal nuts, but they can also be other metal connecting members. The metal is made of aluminum, copper and other materials with good conductivity. The first connecting member 44 is arranged at the top of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11. A through hole is opened on the side wall of the drill rod 4. The second connecting member is passed through the through hole and connected to the side wall of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12. The second connecting member is located between the two sections of the second insulating tube 42, that is, the second connecting member is located on the exposed part of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12, and as shown Figure 3 As shown, an insulating hose 43 is provided at the through hole for insulation protection. The first connector 44 and the second connector are connected to a high-voltage power supply of the same polarity. When the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 is connected to the high-voltage power supply, the wires can be directly connected to the first connector 44. When the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 is connected to the high-voltage power supply, the wires pass through the insulating hose 43 and connect to the second connector. In this embodiment, the first connector 44 and the second connector made of conductive material can respectively connect the high-voltage power supply to the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12.

[0036] Furthermore, a second sleeve 29 is provided in the insulating tube 25. The second sleeve 29 is sleeved on the circumference of the first insulating tube 28, and the second sleeve 29 is made of insulating material. The second sleeve 29 provides mechanical protection and insulation enhancement. The second sleeve 29 is provided in this embodiment for three purposes: 1. Providing a double insulation barrier: the first insulating tube 28 solves the basic insulation problem, while the second sleeve 29 forms a redundant insulation structure, which can effectively deal with the local electric field distortion that may occur during high-voltage discharge. 2. Mechanical stress dispersion: a transition support is formed between the fixed point of the support plate 26 and the movable end of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11, and the impact vibration energy is dispersed and conducted through the second sleeve 29. 3. Thermal management assistance: the air sandwich structure of the second sleeve 29 can improve the heat dissipation path of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and avoid local overheating of the insulating material.

[0037] like Figure 1 、 Figure 3As shown, further, a piston 211 is mounted on the bottom end of the first insulating tube 28. The bottom end of the piston 211 is located within the cavity 32. The piston 211 is conical, and the diameter of the bottom end of the piston 211 is smaller than the diameter of the top end of the piston 211. The piston 211 is made of an insulating material. In this embodiment, the piston 211 is made of nylon. The conical piston 211 has three functions. First, the conical surface decomposes the axial compressive stress into normal and tangential components, effectively reducing the compressive stress on the contact surface (compared to planar contact), thus avoiding creep failure of the nylon material due to local yield. Second, the conical surface at the bottom of the piston 211 reduces the electric field intensity gradient, avoiding tip discharge. Third, the effective sealing area of the conical surface contact is increased compared to the planar contact. When the interference fit is 0.05mm~0.1mm, the contact pressure reaches 8MPa~12MPa, meeting the sealing requirements.

[0038] Furthermore, the drill bit 5 is passed through the bottom of the drill rod 4, and the top of the drill bit 5 is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12. The drill bit 5 is connected to the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 to transmit the impact generated by the high-voltage pulse to the drill bit 5, and use the shock wave generated by the electrode rod to assist the drill bit 5 in breaking the rock.

[0039] Furthermore, it also includes: a reaming drill bit 6, which is arranged at the bottom of the drill rod 4 and can assist the drill bit 5 in breaking rocks.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] As a further improvement scheme based on Example 1, it further includes: a pre-tightening nut 21, a first sleeve 22, and a support plate 26. The pre-tightening nut 21 is threadedly connected to the top of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11, and the pre-tightening nut 21 is located below the first connecting member 44; the first sleeve 22 is inserted into the insulating tube 25, and the first sleeve 22 is fixed to the insulating tube 25. The first sleeve 22 is sleeved on the circumference of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the first sleeve 22 and the first high-voltage electrode rod 11. The first sleeve 22 is made of insulating material, and the bottom end of the pre-tightening nut 21 is used to abut against the top end of the first sleeve 22; the support plate 26 is horizontally mounted in the insulating tube 25, the support plate 26 is located above the first fixing nut 27, and the support plate 26 is sleeved and fixed on the circumference of the first sleeve 22. A hole is opened in the middle of the support plate 26, and a small sleeve is arranged in the hole. The small sleeve is sleeved on the bottom end of the first sleeve 22. In this embodiment, the upper part of the first sleeve 22 is fixed to the top cover 23 on the insulating tube 25, and the bottom end is fixed to the inner wall of the insulating tube 25 through the support plate 26. By setting a pre-tightening nut 21 and screwing it downward on the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 until it abuts against the top of the first sleeve 22, the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 can be fixed to ensure good contact between the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the upper high-voltage power supply system, and the axial positioning accuracy of the electrode rod is ensured by the multi-pole nested positioning structure.

[0042] Furthermore, it also includes: a spring 24 is located in the insulating tube 25, the spring 24 is sleeved on the first sleeve 22, the top end of the spring 24 is fixed to the top wall of the insulating tube 25, and the bottom end of the spring 24 is fixed to the support plate 26. The provision of the spring 24 has two functions, one is the maintenance and dynamic adjustment of the axial preload, the spring 24 generates a continuous axial force through the pre-compression state, and the force is transmitted to the first sleeve 22 and the preload nut 21 through the support plate 26, forming an axial constraint on the first high-voltage electrode rod 11. The bottom end of the spring 24 is fixed to the support plate 26, and the top end is fixed to the top wall of the insulating tube 25, forming a closed-loop force transmission path. When the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 generates micron-level axial displacement due to the discharge impact, the spring compensates for the displacement in real time through elastic deformation. Second, multi-directional vibration suppression and energy dissipation are achieved. The spring 24's stiffness coefficient matches the system's natural frequency. When the primary frequency vibration generated by the high-voltage pulse discharge is transmitted to the spring 24 through the support plate 26, the spring 24 dissipates the vibration energy through small, high-frequency deformation. The clearance between the spring 24 and the first sleeve 22 creates a radial constraint, limiting lateral swing of the support plate 26 and ensuring coaxiality between the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the first insulating tube 28. The preload force of the spring 24 is transferred from the support plate 26 to the first sleeve 22, then to the preload nut 21, and finally to the first high-voltage electrode rod 11, ultimately converting it into contact pressure on the sealing gasket 31. During assembly, the preload nut 21 is rotated to compress the spring 24 to a predetermined stroke. This preload force maintains a precise distance between the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the bottom of the cavity 32 while ensuring sufficient compression of the sealing gasket 31. When the high-voltage pulse induces electrohydraulic resonance, a shock wave pressure peak is generated. This shock wave is transmitted through the transformer oil to the piston 211, pushing the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 upward. During this process, spring 24: First, it transmits the impact in the form of a wave. Because its mass is much smaller than the system mass, it primarily serves as a rigid connection. Second, spring 24 enters a dynamic response, dissipating energy through vibration damping, limiting the displacement of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 to within 0.2mm. Through its sophisticated mechanical design, spring 24 achieves multiple functions, including vibration suppression and deformation compensation, ensuring efficient and stable operation of the high-voltage pulse rock breaking device.

[0043] Among them, the other structures of this embodiment are consistent with those of Example 1, and are just optimizations made to Example 1.

[0044] The advantage of the present invention is that the first high-voltage electrode rod and the second high-voltage electrode rod of the device extend into the cavity from the upper and lower ends respectively, forming a symmetrical electric field line distribution, avoiding the common electric field distortion problem of traditional single-electrode systems, and the electrodes of the first high-voltage electrode rod and the second high-voltage electrode rod are in uniform contact with the oil at the same time, further improving the uniformity of the electric field distribution. Compared with traditional equipment, this design significantly reduces the risk of partial discharge and improves energy utilization efficiency. The first high-voltage electrode rod and the second high-voltage electrode rod of the device are also connected to a high-voltage power supply with the same polarity. The charges of the same polarity accumulated on the surface of the electrodes produce a strong Coulomb repulsion, forming an initial shock wave in the transformer oil medium, which can generate an efficient resonant impact force to assist in rock breaking. When the shock wave frequency matches the natural frequency of the cavity, an axial standing wave resonance is formed to assist in rock breaking.

[0045] The above disclosures are only a few specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-voltage pulsed hydraulic rock breaking device, characterized in that: include: The main structure comprises transformer oil and an insulating cylinder (25), a cylinder body (33) and a drill rod (4) connected in sequence, wherein the top of the cylinder body (33) is open, the top of the cylinder body (33) is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the insulating cylinder (25), a cavity (32) is formed between the bottom end of the insulating cylinder (25) and the inner wall of the cylinder body (33), and the transformer oil is filled in the cavity (32); a first high-voltage electrode rod (11) vertically inserted into the insulating tube (25), wherein the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod (11) extends into the cavity (32); a second high-voltage electrode rod (12) mounted inside the drill rod (4), the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12) extending into the cavity (32), the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12) connected to a drill bit (5), the drill bit (5) extending outside the drill rod (4), the second high-voltage electrode rod (12) and the first high-voltage electrode rod (11) being connected to a high-voltage power supply of the same polarity, the same-polarity charges accumulated on the surfaces of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12) and the first high-voltage electrode rod (11) generating Coulomb repulsion, forming an initial shock wave in the transformer oil, generating a resonant shock force to assist in rock breaking; The first high-voltage electrode rod (11) is circumferentially sheathed with a first insulating tube (28), the bottom end of the first insulating tube (28) is flush with the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod (11), and the top end of the first insulating tube (28) is located in the insulating cylinder (25). The second high-voltage electrode rod (12) is circumferentially sheathed with a second insulating tube (42), the first insulating tube (28) is threadedly connected with a first fixing nut (27), the first fixing nut (27) is used to fix the first insulating tube (28), the second insulating tube (42) is threadedly connected with a second fixing nut, the second fixing nut is used to fix the second insulating tube (42); the second insulating tube (42) includes two sections, the two sections of the second insulating tube (42) are spaced apart, wherein The top end of one section of the second insulating tube (42) is flush with the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12), and the bottom end of the other section of the second insulating tube (42) is flush with the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12). The second insulating tube further comprises a first connecting member (44) and a second connecting member of the same structure. The first connecting member (44) and the second connecting member are made of conductive material. The first connecting member (44) is arranged at the top end of the first high-voltage electrode rod (11). A through hole is provided on the side wall of the drill rod (4). The second connecting member is passed through the through hole and connected to the side wall of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12). The second connecting member is located between the two sections of the second insulating tube (42). The first connecting member (44) and the second connecting member are connected to a high-voltage power supply of the same polarity. The bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod (11) and the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12) are in uniform contact with the transformer oil, forming a symmetrical electric field line distribution, avoiding electric field distortion while making the electric field uniformly distributed.

2. A high-voltage pulsed electric hydraulic rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A piston (211) is mounted on the bottom end of the first insulating tube (28). The bottom end of the piston (211) is located in the cavity (32). The piston (211) is conical. The diameter of the bottom end of the piston (211) is smaller than the diameter of the top end of the piston (211). The piston (211) is made of insulating material.

3. The high-voltage pulsed electric hydraulic rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second sleeve (29) is mounted inside the insulating tube (25), and the second sleeve (29) is sleeved around the circumference of the first insulating tube (28). The second sleeve (29) is made of insulating material.

4. The high-voltage pulsed electric hydraulic rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: a pre-tightening nut (21) threadedly connected to the top end of the first high-voltage electrode rod (11), the pre-tightening nut (21) being located below the first connecting member (44); A first sleeve (22) is inserted into the insulating tube (25), and the first sleeve (22) is fixed to the insulating tube (25). The first sleeve (22) is sleeved on the circumference of the first high-voltage electrode rod (11). The first sleeve (22) is made of insulating material. The bottom end of the pre-tightening nut (21) is used to abut against the top end of the first sleeve (22); A support plate (26) is horizontally mounted in the insulating tube (25), the support plate (26) is located above the first fixing nut (27), and the support plate (26) is sleeved and fixed on the circumference of the first sleeve (22).

5. The high-voltage pulsed electric hydraulic rock breaking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: The spring (24) is located in the insulating tube (25), and the spring (24) is sleeved on the first sleeve (22). The top end of the spring (24) is fixed to the top wall of the insulating tube (25), and the bottom end of the spring (24) is fixed to the support plate (26).

6. The high-voltage pulsed electric hydraulic rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the drill bit (5) is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12).

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