A vertical altitude simulation test bench and test method compatible with ground test

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of rocket engine simulation test, in particular to a vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground test and a test method. The vertical high-altitude simulation test bench comprises a vacuum chamber, the vacuum chamber is provided with an openable and closable ventilation assembly; an expander is in communication with the vacuum chamber and is vertically arranged at the tail end of an engine, and engine gas enters the expander. When the high-altitude simulation test is carried out, a long-lance engine is arranged in the vacuum chamber, the openable and closable ventilation assembly is closed, so that the inside of the vacuum chamber is isolated from the outside. The engine gas enters the expander and expands in the expander to form a supersonic gas flow to realize suction of the vacuum chamber, the gas is injected into an injection expansion section under the injection of injection working medium, the injection working medium gas flow is mixed under the supersonic state to continue pressurization, and finally the pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure, the gas is discharged from the injection expansion section, so that the air pressure in the vacuum chamber is lower than the atmospheric pressure, and the high-altitude simulation test condition is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rocket engine simulation testing, and in particular to a vertical high-altitude simulation test bench and a testing method that are compatible with ground testing. Background Art

[0002] Rocket engines undergo both high-altitude simulation and ground testing for development and evaluation. High-altitude simulation testing, compared to ground testing, requires an additional ejection system to simulate the vacuum environment of high-altitude flight. High-altitude simulation testing consumes a significant amount of ejection fluid, making it significantly more expensive and challenging than ground testing.

[0003] Traditional vertical high-altitude simulation test benches can only carry out high-altitude simulation tests and cannot meet the needs of ground tests. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent the engine gas from returning and burning the vacuum chamber. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a vertical high-altitude simulation test bench and a test method that are compatible with ground tests, so as to solve the problem that the existing vertical high-altitude simulation test bench cannot take into account the needs of ground tests.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests, comprising:

[0006] A vacuum chamber, wherein the vacuum chamber is provided with an openable and closable ventilation component;

[0007] a diffuser, connected to the vacuum chamber and vertically arranged at the tail end of the engine, through which the engine combustion gas enters;

[0008] The ejector expansion section is connected to the downstream of the diffuser and is connected to the ejector working medium supply device, and the ejector working medium is ejected toward the downstream of the ejector expansion section;

[0009] Among them, when conducting ground simulation tests, a short nozzle engine is installed in the vacuum chamber and the openable and closable ventilation component is opened; when conducting high-altitude simulation tests, a long nozzle engine is installed in the vacuum chamber and the openable and closable ventilation component is closed.

[0010] In the present application, when high-altitude simulation test is carried out, a long nozzle engine is arranged in the vacuum cabin, and the air-ventilation assembly can be opened and closed to isolate the inside of the vacuum cabin from the outside. The engine gas enters the diffuser and expands in the diffuser to form supersonic airflow to realize suction of the vacuum cabin. The gas is injected to the injection expansion section under the injection of the injection working medium, and the gas flow and the injection working medium flow are mixed under supersonic state to continue to increase the pressure, and finally the gas is discharged from the injection expansion section with a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure, so that the air pressure in the vacuum cabin is lower than the atmospheric pressure, and the high-altitude simulation test condition is met. When ground simulation test is carried out, a short nozzle engine is arranged in the vacuum cabin, and the air-ventilation assembly can be opened and closed to communicate the inside of the vacuum cabin with the outside. The engine gas is injected to the injection expansion section under the injection of the injection working medium, and the vacuum cabin can be supplied with air through the air-ventilation assembly to keep the air pressure in the vacuum cabin close to the atmospheric pressure, so that the ground simulation test condition is met. Therefore, the present application can realize high-altitude simulation test, and also considers ground simulation test.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment, the air-ventilation assembly comprises:

[0012] A cabin door is arranged on the vacuum cabin and located at the side end of the diffuser.

[0013] An air release path is arranged on the vacuum cabin, and a valve is arranged on the air release path. When the cabin door and the air release path are opened, air is gathered at the position where the engine is located.

[0014] In the present application, the cabin door can be opened and closed to realize isolation and communication between the vacuum cabin and the outside. The air release path can be opened and closed through the valve. When the cabin door and the air release path are opened, air is gathered at the position where the engine is located, so that the engine gas does not deviate.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, when high-altitude simulation test is carried out, an original flow guide section is detachably connected to the upstream of the diffuser, and when ground simulation test is carried out, an additional flow guide section is detachably connected to the upstream of the diffuser.

[0016] In the present application, the flow guide section can guide and concentrate the engine gas into the diffuser.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, a nitrogen blowing ring is arranged in the vacuum cabin and located on the side of the engine away from the diffuser, and the nitrogen blowing ring is used to inject nitrogen to the downstream of the engine.

[0018] In the present application, when ground simulation test is carried out, the nitrogen blowing ring can inject nitrogen to the downstream of the engine, so that more air is introduced into the vacuum cabin, and the gas in the diffuser can also flow back from the upstream, so that the vacuum cabin is burned. When high-altitude simulation test is carried out, flammable and explosive gas in the vacuum cabin can be blown out.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the ejector expansion section comprises an ejector, a turning section and an expansion section in sequence, the ejector is communicated with the ejector working medium supply device through an ejector working medium nozzle, and the ejector working medium is ejected from upstream to downstream in the ejector working medium nozzle.

[0020] In the present application, the ejector working medium can eject the engine gas from the ejector to the expansion section, preventing the engine gas from returning out and burning the vacuum chamber.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment, the ejector working medium supply device comprises a gas generator and an ejector working medium supply path communicated with the gas generator, the ejector working medium supplied by the ejector working medium supply path is communicated with the ejector working medium nozzle through the gas generator, and the ejector working medium supply path is respectively provided with a valve;

[0022] The ejector working medium supply path comprises an alcohol supply path, a liquid oxygen supply path, a cooling water supply path and a nitrogen gas supply path.

[0023] In the present application, alcohol, liquid oxygen and cooling water can be supplied to the upstream end of the ejector working medium nozzle through the ejector working medium supply path, or nitrogen gas can be supplied to the upstream end of the ejector working medium nozzle.

[0024] In an alternative embodiment, the inner wall of the additional flow guide section is provided with a water injection hole, which is directed to the downstream direction of the diffuser and has an included angle of 40° to 50° with the central axis of the diffuser.

[0025] In the present application, the inner wall of the flow guide section can be cooled by the water injection hole, preventing the flow guide section and the diffuser from being burned. The included angle of the water injection hole with the central axis of the diffuser is 40° to 50°, which can enhance the cooling effect of the flow guide section.

[0026] In an alternative embodiment, an adapter frame is arranged in the vacuum chamber, and the adapter frame is detachably connected with the engine.

[0027] In the present application, the adapter frame can be arranged with a long nozzle engine or a short nozzle engine in the vacuum chamber according to the test requirements.

[0028] In an alternative embodiment, a connecting flange is arranged on the outer side wall of the ejector working medium nozzle, and the inner side of the ejector working medium nozzle is communicated with the connecting flange hole through a through hole;

[0029] The connecting flange is detachably connected with a first flange cover, the first flange cover is connected with a water supplement nozzle, and when the connecting flange is connected with the first flange cover, the water supplement nozzle is inserted into the through hole;

[0030] Or, the connecting flange is detachably connected with the second flange cover, the second flange cover is connected with a complementary plug, and the complementary plug seals the through hole when the connecting flange is connected with the second flange cover.

[0031] In the application, the connecting flange is connected with the second flange cover when the high-altitude simulation test is performed, the through hole is sealed by the complementary plug, and the inside of the ejector working medium nozzle is isolated from the outside. When the ground simulation test is performed, the connecting flange is connected with the first flange cover, the water supply nozzle is inserted into the inside of the ejector working medium nozzle and supplies water to the inside wall of the ejector, and a wall liquid film can also be formed on the inside wall of the ejector.

[0032] In a second aspect, the application further provides a vertical high-altitude simulation test method compatible with ground tests, which is suitable for the vertical high-altitude simulation test table compatible with ground tests as described above, and includes the following steps.

[0033] S1, when the high-altitude simulation test is performed, the adapter frame is provided with a long-lance engine, the openable and closable ventilation assembly is closed, the connecting flange is connected with the second flange cover, alcohol and liquid oxygen are supplied to the gas generator by the ejector working medium supply device, and then the alcohol and liquid oxygen are ignited by the gas generator, mixed with cooling water, and form ejector working medium.

[0034] S2, when the ground simulation test is performed, the adapter frame is provided with a short-lance engine, the openable and closable ventilation assembly is opened, the connecting flange is connected with the first flange cover, and nitrogen is supplied to the ejector working medium nozzle by the ejector working medium supply device.

[0035] In the application, the openable and closable ventilation assembly can be opened and closed to adjust the air pressure in the vacuum chamber, so that the high-altitude simulation test and the ground simulation test can be considered. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic diagram of the high-altitude simulation test of the embodiment of the application;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a local enlarged view of A in the embodiment of the application;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic diagram of the ground simulation test of the embodiment of the application;

[0040] Figure 4 is a local enlarged view of embodiment B of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 is a sectional view of the water replenishing holes of embodiment C, D, E and F of the present application.

[0042] Explanation of reference signs:

[0043] 1, vacuum chamber; 2, gas generator; 3, long nozzle engine; 4, short nozzle engine; 5, diffuser; 6, chamber door; 7, venting path; 8, original flow guide section; 9, additional flow guide section; 10, nitrogen blowing ring; 11, ejector; 12, turning section; 13, expansion section; 14, working medium nozzle of the ejector; 15, igniter; 16, alcohol supply path; 17, liquid oxygen supply path; 18, cooling water supply path; 19, nitrogen supply path; 20, connecting flange; 21, first flange cover; 22, water replenishing nozzle; 23, second flange cover; 24, complementary plug; 25, ejector rod; 26, water replenishing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in connection with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0045] Rocket engines need to carry out high-altitude simulation tests and ground tests for research and development and evaluation, wherein the high-altitude simulation test has an additional set of ejector system for simulating the vacuum environment of the engine in high-altitude flight, compared with the ground test. When a rocket engine carries out a high-altitude simulation test, a large amount of working medium is consumed additionally, and the cost and difficulty of the test are much higher than those of the ground test. The traditional high-altitude simulation test bench has a fixed ejector system, so that the test bench can only carry out high-altitude simulation tests and cannot meet the demand of ground tests.

[0046] The ordinary high-altitude simulation test bench cannot be used to carry out ground tests because of the risk of burning down the downstream ejector system when the ground test is carried out, with low gas flow rate, high static pressure and large heat flow variation.

[0047] The embodiments of the present application will be described below in connection with Figures 1 to 5 .

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] The present application provides a vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests, comprising:

[0050] A vacuum chamber 1 is provided with an openable and closable ventilation assembly; an internal configurable adapter frame, which can be arranged at the middle position of the vacuum chamber 1, so that the engine is located at the middle position of the vacuum chamber 1, and can be detachably connected with the long nozzle engine 3 and the short nozzle engine 4 respectively. The area ratio of the long nozzle engine 3 is relatively large, and the area ratio of the short nozzle engine 4 is relatively small, which refers to the ratio of the nozzle outlet area to the nozzle throat area. The short nozzle engine 4 is used in ground simulation test.

[0051] A diffuser 5 is vertically arranged at the tail end of the engine and communicates with the vacuum chamber 1, and the engine gas enters the diffuser 5; the diffuser 5 is a long pipe, and the engine gas expands in the diffuser 5, which can inject the engine gas from the upstream of the diffuser 5 to the downstream of the diffuser 5.

[0052] An injection expansion section communicates with the downstream of the diffuser 5 and communicates with an injection working medium supply device, and the injection working medium is injected towards the downstream direction of the injection expansion section; it should be noted that the upstream to downstream direction in the present application refers to the direction from the inlet of the ejector 11 to the outlet of the ejector 11.

[0053] In the ground simulation test, the short nozzle engine 4 is arranged in the vacuum chamber 1, and the openable and closable ventilation assembly is opened; in the high-altitude simulation test, the long nozzle engine 3 is arranged in the vacuum chamber 1, and the openable and closable ventilation assembly is closed. The engine is generally rich combustion, and there is unburned fuel in the gas.

[0054] In the present application, in the high-altitude simulation test, the long nozzle engine 3 is arranged on the adapter frame, and the openable and closable ventilation assembly is closed, so that the inside of the vacuum chamber 1 is isolated from the outside. The engine gas enters the diffuser 5 and expands in the diffuser 5 to form a supersonic gas flow to realize the suction of the vacuum chamber 1, and the gas is injected to the injection expansion section under the injection of the injection working medium, and the mixed gas flow of the injection working medium continues to be pressurized in the supersonic state, and finally realizes the pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure, and is discharged from the injection expansion section, so that the air pressure in the vacuum chamber 1 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, which meets the high-altitude simulation test condition. In the ground simulation test, the short nozzle engine 4 is arranged on the adapter frame, and the openable and closable ventilation assembly is opened, so that the inside of the vacuum chamber 1 is communicated with the outside. The engine gas is injected to the injection expansion section under the injection of the injection working medium, and the vacuum chamber 1 can be supplemented by the openable and closable ventilation assembly, so that the air pressure in the vacuum chamber 1 is close to the atmospheric pressure, which meets the ground simulation test condition. Therefore, the present application can realize the high-altitude simulation test, and also considers the ground simulation test.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, the openable and closable ventilation assembly comprises:

[0056] The cabin door 6 is arranged on the vacuum cabin 1 and located at the side end of the diffuser 5. The cabin door 6 of the vacuum cabin 1 can be arranged in pairs, and the pair of cabin doors 6 are opposite, consistent in size and direction, so that the air flow into the vacuum cabin 1 is consistent during the ground simulation test, and the fuel gas is prevented from being deflected. The cabin door 6 in the application can be two.

[0057] The venting path 7 is arranged on the vacuum cabin 1 and is provided with a valve. When the cabin door 6 and the venting path 7 are opened, air is gathered at the position of the engine. The venting path 7 can be two and is arranged on the vacuum cabin 1 away from the side of the diffuser 5. Specifically, the venting path 7 can be arranged at the top of the vacuum cabin 1, and the diffuser 5 is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum cabin 1. During the ground simulation test, the top valve is opened to introduce more air, and the fuel gas can be quickly discharged when the fuel gas leaks.

[0058] In the application, the cabin door 6 can be opened and closed to realize the isolation and communication between the vacuum cabin 1 and the outside. The cabin door 6 is arranged in pairs, so that the air flow is concentrated at the engine position during the ground simulation test, and the engine fuel gas is prevented from being deflected. The venting path 7 can be opened and closed through the valve.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, when the high-altitude simulation test is performed, the original flow guide section 8 is detachably connected to the upstream of the diffuser 5. When the ground simulation test is performed, the additional flow guide section 9 is detachably connected to the upstream of the diffuser 5, and the engine fuel gas enters the diffuser 5 through the flow guide section.

[0060] In the application, the flow guide section can be divided into the original flow guide section 8 and the additional flow guide section 9, which can guide and concentrate the engine fuel gas into the diffuser 5.

[0061] In the application, the flow guide section can include the original flow guide section 8 and the additional flow guide section 9. When the high-altitude simulation test is performed, the original flow guide section 8 is connected to the upstream of the diffuser 5, and the inlet of the original flow guide section 8 is close to the outlet of the long-nozzle engine 3, so that the fuel gas of the long-nozzle engine 3 can directly enter the original flow guide section 8. When the ground simulation test is performed, the additional flow guide section 9 is connected to the upstream of the diffuser 5, and the inner diameter of the additional flow guide section 9 is 1% smaller than the inner diameter of the inlet of the diffuser 5, so as to avoid the windward step. The additional flow guide section 9 is longer than the original flow guide section 8, so that the fuel gas of the short-nozzle engine 4 can directly enter the additional flow guide section 9. The inlet of the original flow guide section 8 is close to the outlet of the long-nozzle engine 3, and the inlet of the additional flow guide section 9 is close to the outlet of the short-nozzle engine 4, so as to avoid that the engine fuel gas is too far away from the diffuser 5 and ablates the diffuser 5.

[0062] In an optional embodiment, the nitrogen blowing ring 10 is arranged in the vacuum cabin 1 and located away from the side of the engine and the diffuser 5. The nitrogen blowing ring 10 is used to spray nitrogen in the downstream direction of the engine.

[0063] In the application, when the ground simulation experiment is carried out, the nitrogen blowing ring 10 can inject nitrogen to the downstream of the engine, so that more air is introduced into the vacuum chamber 1, the combustion of the engine gas and air is reduced, the thermal load of the downstream equipment such as the flow guide section is reduced, and the gas in the diffuser 5 is prevented from returning from the upstream, so as to prevent the vacuum chamber 1 from being burned out.

[0064] In an alternative embodiment, the ejector expansion section includes an ejector 11, a turning section 12 and an expansion section 13 which are sequentially communicated, the turning section 12 can make the outlet of the expansion section 13 face the horizontal direction, the expansion section 13 can have a horn-shaped outlet, the upstream of the ejector 11 is communicated with an ejecting working medium supply device through an ejecting working medium nozzle 14, the ejecting working medium nozzle 14 is communicated with the upstream section of the ejector 11, and the ejecting working medium is injected from the upstream to the downstream in the ejecting working medium nozzle 14. The flow guide section, the ejector 11, the turning section 12 and the expansion section 13 can be a sandwiched water-cooled structure. The flow guide section, the diffuser 5, the ejector 11, the turning section 12 and the expansion section 13 can be connected through the axis position, that is, the axes of the flow guide section, the diffuser 5 and the ejector 11 are coincident, and the axes of the ejector 11, the turning section 12 and the expansion section 13 are smoothly connected and coplanar. The ejecting working medium nozzle 14 can be a single-layer stainless steel structure. The expansion section 13 can also be a single-wall high-temperature alloy structure which can withstand the heat flow of the mixed gas after the engine gas and the ejecting working medium are mixed.

[0065] In the application, the ejecting working medium can inject the engine gas from the ejector 11 to the expansion section 13, so as to prevent the engine gas from returning and burning out the vacuum chamber 1.

[0066] In an alternative embodiment, the ejecting working medium supply device includes a gas generator 2 and an ejecting working medium supply path which is communicated with the gas generator 2, the ejecting working medium provided by the ejecting working medium supply path is communicated with the ejecting working medium nozzle 14 through the gas generator 2, the ejecting working medium supply path is respectively provided with a valve, and independent supply of the ejecting working medium can be realized; the gas generator 2 can be provided with an igniter 15.

[0067] The ejecting working medium supply path includes an alcohol supply path 16, a liquid oxygen supply path 17, a cooling water supply path 18 and a nitrogen supply path 19.

[0068] In the application, alcohol, liquid oxygen and cooling water can be provided to the upstream end of the ejecting working medium nozzle 14 through the ejecting working medium supply path, or nitrogen can be provided to the upstream end of the ejecting working medium nozzle 14.

[0069] In an alternative embodiment, the inner wall of the added flow guide section 9 is provided with water injection holes, which are directed towards the downstream direction of the diffuser 5 and have an angle of 40-50 degrees with the central axis of the diffuser 5. The water injection holes can be connected to a water supply pipe. The inner wall of the added flow guide section 9 can be uniformly provided with 30 water injection holes of 1 mm in diameter, which are directed downwards at an angle of 45 degrees with the axis and have a flow rate of 2.5% of the flow rate of the gas.

[0070] In the present application, the inner wall of the flow guide section is cooled by the water injection holes to prevent the flow guide section and the diffuser 5 from being burnt out. The water injection holes have an angle of 40-50 degrees with the central axis of the diffuser 5, which can enhance the cooling effect of the flow guide section.

[0071] In an alternative embodiment, the vacuum chamber 1 is provided with an adapter frame, which is detachably connected to the engine.

[0072] In the present application, the adapter frame can be provided with a long nozzle engine 3 or a short nozzle engine 4 in the vacuum chamber 1 according to the test requirements.

[0073] In an alternative embodiment, the outer wall of the ejector working medium nozzle 14 is provided with a connecting flange 20, and the inner wall of the ejector working medium nozzle 14 is connected to the hole of the connecting flange 20 through a through hole. The ejector working medium nozzle 14 can be sleeved on the outer wall of the diffuser 5 and the outlet thereof is connected to the inlet of the ejector 11.

[0074] The connecting flange 20 is detachably connected to a first flange cover 21, and the first flange cover 21 is connected to a water injection head 22. When the connecting flange 20 is connected to the first flange cover 21, the water injection head 22 is inserted into the through hole.

[0075] Alternatively, the connecting flange 20 is detachably connected to a second flange cover 23, and the second flange cover 23 is connected to a complementary plug 24. When the connecting flange 20 is connected to the second flange cover 23, the complementary plug 24 seals the through hole. The complementary plug 24 and the second flange cover 23 can be connected by a jacking rod 25.

[0076] In the present application, in fact, when the high-altitude simulation test is performed, the connecting flange 20 is connected to the second flange cover 23, and the through hole is sealed by the complementary plug 24, so that the inner side of the ejector working medium nozzle 14 is isolated from the outside. When the ground simulation test is performed, the connecting flange 20 is connected to the first flange cover 21, the water injection head 22 is inserted into the inner side of the ejector working medium nozzle 14 and performs water cooling for the inner wall of the ejector 11, and a wall liquid film can also be formed on the inner wall of the ejector 11.

[0077] The water injection nozzle 22 is inserted into the outer wall of the ejector working medium nozzle 14 to realize thermal protection of the ejector working medium nozzle 14 and reduce the temperature of the combustion gas. The water injection nozzle 22 is evenly distributed in six groups, is evenly distributed on the outer wall of the ejector working medium nozzle 14, and is realized by being inserted through a hole opened on the outer wall of the ejector working medium nozzle 14. The material of the water injection nozzle 22 can be 304 stainless steel, and n water injection holes 26 with a diameter of 2 mm can be arranged on each water injection nozzle 22. A flange structure is welded on the wall surface of the ejector 11 to connect the water injection nozzle 22. The water supply amount of each water injection nozzle 22 is 5% of the engine gas flow, the water supply pressure is 0.6 MPa, and the cooling water of the water injection nozzle 22 can be sourced from the cooling water of the ejector 11. In the application, four groups of water injection holes 26 are arranged on the water injection nozzle 22 along the length direction of the water injection nozzle 22, such as the C group of water injection holes, the D group of water injection holes, the E group of water injection holes and the F group of water injection holes in the accompanying Figure 4 , the cross-sectional views of the C group of water injection holes, the D group of water injection holes, the E group of water injection holes and the F group of water injection holes are shown in the accompanying Figure 5 , three water injection holes 26 are arranged on each group of water injection holes 26, the included angle between the adjacent two water injection holes 26 on the water injection nozzle 22 can be 60°, and they are all directed to the direction of the ejector 11, and the water injection hole 26 located in the middle position can be parallel to the axis of the ejector 11.

[0078] Embodiment 2

[0079] The application also provides a vertical high-altitude simulation test method compatible with ground tests, which is suitable for the vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests as described above, and includes the following steps:

[0080] S1, in the high-altitude simulation test, the adapter frame is provided with a long nozzle engine 3, and the openable and closable ventilation assembly is closed, that is, the hatch 6 and the valve on the venting path 7 are closed. It should be noted that when flammable and explosive gases are accumulated in the vacuum chamber 1, the valve on the venting path 7 can be opened to exhaust, and the first hatch 6 and the second hatch 6 can be provided on the vacuum chamber 1 for engine and personnel to enter and exit the vacuum chamber 1, and are closed in the high-altitude simulation test. The connecting flange 20 is connected with the second flange cover 23. The alcohol and liquid oxygen are supplied to the gas generator 2 through the injection working medium supply device, and are ignited through the gas generator 2, and then are mixed with the cooling water to form the injection working medium, the injection working medium and the engine gas are mixed in the ejector 11, and the cooling water after mixing forms high-temperature and high-pressure gas mainly composed of water vapor and carbon dioxide, the temperature range is 200-400 DEG C, and the pressure range is 0.6-5 MPa; the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the gas generator 2 is supplied to the ejector 11 as the injection working medium through the injection working medium nozzle 14, the injection working medium is sprayed from the injection working medium nozzle 14, the engine gas upstream is injected, and the vacuum environment is constructed. The engine is arranged in the vacuum chamber 1, the engine outlet is opposite to the diffuser 5, the engine gas temperature is greater than 2000 DEG C, the first compression can be realized through the diffuser 5, the second compression is realized through the ejector 11, the pressure in the vacuum chamber 1 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, and the conditions for the high-altitude simulation test of the engine are met. In the high-altitude simulation test, the engine gas temperature is about 3500 DEG C, the injection working medium temperature is about 300 DEG C, and the injection working medium and the engine gas are mixed in the ejector 11, so that the wall surface thermal load of the ejector 11 and the expansion section 13 is reduced.

[0081] S2, when the ground simulation test is carried out, the short nozzle engine 4 is arranged on the adapter frame to avoid damage to the nozzle, the guide section 9 is connected to the diffuser 5, the diffuser 5 can fully collect the gas, the openable and closable ventilation assembly is opened, the connecting flange 20 is connected with the first flange cover 21. The hatch 6 of the vacuum chamber 1 is opened, air is introduced into the vicinity of the engine, the atmospheric environment in the chamber is maintained, the hatches 6 arranged in pairs are equal in size and opposite in position, so as to avoid the deflection of the gas of the short nozzle engine 4. The valves on the venting path 7 are all opened, so that air can be easily sucked into the vacuum chamber 1 from the top, the supply system of the engine is unchanged, and the utilization efficiency of the test bed is improved. The water supply hole and the water supply nozzle 22 supply water. The water is sprayed along the wall surface of the guide section 9, and a liquid film is formed on the wall surface of the guide section 9 and the diffuser 5, so as to prevent the guide section 9 and the diffuser 5 from being ablated by the hot gas of the engine. The valves on the alcohol supply path 16 and the liquid oxygen supply path 17 are closed, and the gas generator 2 does not ignite. The valve on the cooling water supply path 18 is opened, the cooling water flows through the gas generator 2 and the injection working fluid nozzle 14 into the ejector 11 from the cooling water supply path 18, forms a liquid film on the wall surface of the ejector 11, and is mixed with the engine gas to reduce the temperature. The valve on the nitrogen supply path 19 is opened, nitrogen flows through the gas generator 2 and the injection working fluid nozzle 14 into the ejector 11 from the nitrogen supply path 19, so that the mixed cooling water is more uniform, which is beneficial to the formation of the liquid film on the wall surface of the ejector 11 and the mixing with the engine gas to reduce the temperature. During the ground simulation test, the injection working fluid nozzle 14 can be arranged to blow away 1 kg / s of nitrogen during the whole process of the ground test, so as to prevent the gas from returning to the inside of the injection working fluid nozzle 14 and burning the injection working fluid nozzle 14. At the same time, the engine nozzle is replaced by a short nozzle with a small area ratio, and the gas needs to be discharged through the diffuser 5, the ejector 11, the turning section 12 and the expansion section 13. After the engine gas is mixed with air, nitrogen and cooling water, the temperature of the engine gas is reduced, the risk of ablation of the ejector 11, the turning section 12 and the expansion section 13 is eliminated, and the conditions for carrying out the ground test are met. The nitrogen blowing ring 10 sprays nitrogen downstream of the engine at a large flow rate during the whole test, so that more air is introduced into the vacuum chamber 1. A large amount of nitrogen and air are sucked into the vacuum chamber 1 and mixed with the engine gas, which reduces the temperature of the gas and keeps the pressure in the vacuum chamber 1 close to atmospheric pressure, so as to meet the conditions for the engine ground test and make it possible to carry out the ground test.

[0082] In the present application, the air pressure in the vacuum chamber 1 can be adjusted by opening and closing the openable and closable ventilation assembly, so that the high-altitude simulation test and the ground simulation test can be considered.

[0083] Although the embodiments of the present application are described in conjunction with the drawings, various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such modifications and changes fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vertical high altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests, characterized in that: include: A vacuum chamber (1), wherein the vacuum chamber (1) is provided with an openable and closable ventilation component; A diffuser (5) is connected to the vacuum chamber (1) and is vertically arranged at the tail end of the engine, and the engine combustion gas enters the diffuser (5); The ejector expansion section is connected to the downstream of the diffuser (5) and is connected to the ejector working medium supply device, and the ejector working medium is ejected toward the downstream direction of the ejector expansion section; Wherein, when conducting a ground simulation test, a short nozzle engine (4) is provided in the vacuum chamber (1), and the openable and closable ventilation component is opened; when conducting a high-altitude simulation test, a long nozzle engine (3) is provided in the vacuum chamber (1), and the openable and closable ventilation component is closed; The openable and closable ventilation assembly comprises: A cabin door (6) is provided on the vacuum cabin (1) and is located at a side end of the diffuser (5); A venting path (7) is provided in communication with the vacuum chamber (1), and a valve is provided on the venting path (7); When the hatch (6) and the vent (7) are opened, air gathers at the location of the engine; When conducting a high-altitude simulation test, the upstream of the diffuser (5) is detachably connected to the original guide section (8); when conducting a ground simulation test, the upstream of the diffuser (5) is detachably connected to the additional guide section (9); The ejector expansion section comprises an ejector (11), a turning section (12), and an expansion section (13) which are connected in sequence. The upstream of the ejector (11) is connected to an ejector working medium supply device through an ejector working medium nozzle (14). The ejector working medium is ejected from the upstream to the downstream in the ejector working medium nozzle (14). A connecting flange (20) is provided on the outer wall of the ejector nozzle (14), and the inner side of the ejector nozzle (14) is connected to the hole of the connecting flange (20) via a through hole; The connecting flange (20) is detachably connected to the first flange cover (21), and the first flange cover (21) is connected to a water supply nozzle (22). When the connecting flange (20) is connected to the first flange cover (21), the water supply nozzle (22) is inserted into the through hole; Alternatively, the connecting flange (20) is detachably connected to the second flange cover (23), the second flange cover (23) is connected to a complementary plug cover (24), and when the connecting flange (20) is connected to the second flange cover (23), the complementary plug cover (24) seals the through hole; The inner diameter of the additional guide section (9) is 1% smaller than the inner diameter of the diffuser (5) inlet; When flammable and explosive gases accumulate inside the vacuum chamber (1), the valve on the venting line (7) is opened to exhaust the gases.

2. The vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A nitrogen blow-off ring (10) is provided in the vacuum chamber (1) and is located on a side of the engine away from the diffuser (5). The nitrogen blow-off ring (10) is used to spray nitrogen toward the downstream direction of the engine.

3. The vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ejector working medium supply device comprises a gas generator (2) and an ejector working medium supply path connected to the gas generator (2), the ejector working medium provided by the ejector working medium supply path being connected to the ejector working medium nozzle (14) via the gas generator (2), and the ejector working medium supply paths are respectively provided with valves; The ejector fluid supply path includes an alcohol supply path (16), a liquid oxygen supply path (17), a cooling water supply path (18), and a nitrogen supply path (19).

4. The vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner wall of the additional guide section (9) is provided with a water spray hole, which faces the downstream direction of the diffuser (5) and has an angle of 40° to 50° with the central axis of the diffuser (5).

5. The vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An adapter frame is provided in the vacuum chamber (1), and the adapter frame is detachably connected to the engine.

6. A vertical high-altitude simulation test method compatible with ground tests, applicable to the vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, when conducting a high-altitude simulation test, a long nozzle engine (3) is installed on the adapter frame, the openable and closable ventilation assembly is closed, the connecting flange (20) is connected to the second flange cover (23), and alcohol and liquid oxygen are first supplied to the gas generator (2) through the ejector working medium supply device, and ignited by the gas generator (2), and then mixed with cooling water to form an ejector working medium; S2, when conducting a ground simulation test, a short nozzle engine (4) is installed on the adapter frame, the openable and closable ventilation assembly is opened, the connecting flange (20) is connected to the first flange cover (21), and nitrogen is supplied to the ejector nozzle (14) through the ejector supply device.

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