Quantum dot enhanced rotor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motor rotors, in particular to a quantum dot enhanced rotor which comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor core is arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the rotating shaft, a V-shaped groove is formed in the outer wall of the rotor core, neodymium iron boron magnetic steel is arranged in the V-shaped groove, and a heat dissipation mechanism is arranged in the rotor core. The heat dissipation mechanism is used for dissipating heat generated when the rotor rotates, the rotor core is provided with heat dissipation fins through the heat dissipation mechanism, bearing grooves are formed in the two ends of the rotating shaft, and a heat dissipation enhancement layer is arranged on the outer surface of the rotor core. According to the invention, the double-helix sintered copper heat pipe array is embedded in the rotor, and the inclined radial heat dissipation fins are combined, so that efficient conduction and rapid dissipation of heat from the permanent magnet area to the end part of the rotor are realized. And meanwhile, the graphene quantum dot (GQDs) coating is distributed in an island shape, so that the transverse heat conductivity of the carbon fiber layer is enhanced, the overall heat dissipation efficiency is remarkably improved, the temperature rise problem of the rotor during high-speed operation is effectively inhibited, and stable operation of the motor at an extreme rotating speed is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motor rotors, and particularly to a quantum dot enhanced rotor. Background Art

[0002] In the operation core of modern high-performance devices, the rotor plays a crucial role. Taking high-speed motors as an example, which are the "heart" of many advanced devices such as electric vehicles, industrial centrifuges, aerospace auxiliary power systems, etc., the rotor performance directly determines the operation efficiency and stability of the entire system.

[0003] In the case of traditional carbon fiber rotors when dealing with high-speed and high-power operating conditions, the heat dissipation problem has always been a severe challenge faced by carbon fiber rotors. During the high-speed operation of the device, a large amount of heat will be generated inside the rotor due to factors such as electromagnetic losses and mechanical friction. Although carbon fiber has excellent properties such as high strength and low density, its thermal conductivity is relatively low, which makes it difficult to quickly and effectively export heat. For example, in a high-speed motor, when the rotor speed climbs to tens of thousands of revolutions per minute or even higher, if the generated heat cannot be dissipated in time, it will cause the rotor temperature to rise sharply. On the one hand, too high a temperature will reduce the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber material, lower the structural strength of the rotor, increase the risk of deformation or even rupture during operation, and seriously threaten the safe and stable operation of the device. On the other hand, high temperature will also affect the electromagnetic performance inside the motor, increase the winding resistance, reduce the motor efficiency, and increase energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the disadvantages that although existing carbon fiber has excellent properties such as high strength and low density, its thermal conductivity is relatively low, which makes it difficult to quickly and effectively export heat. For example, in a high-speed motor, when the rotor speed climbs to tens of thousands of revolutions per minute or even higher, if the generated heat cannot be dissipated in time, it will cause the rotor temperature to rise sharply. On the one hand, too high a temperature will reduce the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber material, lower the structural strength of the rotor, increase the risk of deformation or even rupture during operation, and seriously threaten the safe and stable operation of the device, and to propose a quantum dot enhanced rotor.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A quantum dot enhanced rotor, including a rotating shaft, a rotor core is arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the rotating shaft, a V-shaped groove is opened on the outer wall of the rotor core, a neodymium iron boron magnet is arranged inside the V-shaped groove, and a heat dissipation mechanism is arranged inside the rotor core, and the heat dissipation mechanism is used to dissipate the heat generated when the rotor rotates;

[0007] The rotor core is provided with heat dissipation fins through a heat dissipation mechanism. Both ends of the rotating shaft are provided with bearing grooves, and a heat dissipation enhancement layer is provided on the outer surface of the rotor core.

[0008] Preferably, the heat dissipation mechanism includes an axially protruding portion, a sintered copper heat pipe, a pipe groove, and a heat conduction cavity. The axially protruding portion is installed on both sides of the rotor core through bolts. The sintered copper heat pipe is arranged inside the rotor core. The pipe groove is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the heat conduction cavity is arranged inside the axially protruding portion.

[0009] Preferably, the sintered copper heat pipe is arranged in a double helix layout. The sintered copper heat pipe is embedded with nanofluid. The evaporation section of the sintered copper heat pipe is buried at the bottom of the permanent magnet slot, and the condensation section of the sintered copper heat pipe extends to the heat conduction cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the heat dissipation fins are fixedly arranged on the side of the axially protruding portion away from the rotor core. Each axially protruding portion is provided with a plurality of radially distributed heat dissipation fins, and the heat dissipation fins are arranged at an inclination of degrees.

[0011] Preferably, the heat dissipation enhancement layer includes a carbon fiber reinforced layer and a graphene quantum dot (GQDs) coating. The graphene quantum dot (GQDs) coating is distributed in an island shape on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced layer, and the carbon fiber reinforced layer covers the periphery of the V-shaped groove.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the rotating shaft and the bearing groove is also provided with a heat dissipation enhancement layer.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed inside the heat dissipation fins, and through holes are arranged between the plurality of heat dissipation holes.

[0014] Preferably, a microcapsule phase change material (PCM) filling layer is arranged between the V-shaped groove and the neodymium iron boron magnet, and a heat conduction adhesive is filled between the neodymium iron boron magnet and the sintered copper heat pipe.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. When the present invention is in use, the surface of the rotor is wrapped with carbon fiber by means of electrophoretic deposition, and then graphene quantum dots are loaded on the surface of the carbon fiber by means of high-temperature graphitization. The heat conduction rate is increased to 600 W / (m·K) by using the quantum confinement effect. Compared with the traditional carbon fiber rotor, the heat conduction rate is increased by 200%, the inertia moment is reduced by 30%, and the tensile strength is improved, so that the heat conduction rate of the rotor body is stronger, and the possibility that the internal temperature cannot be dissipated in time due to the high-speed rotation of the rotor is reduced.

[0017] 2. When the present invention is in use, by embedding a double - helix sintered copper heat pipe array (filled with nanofluid) inside the rotor and combining it with inclined radial heat dissipation fins, efficient heat conduction from the permanent magnet region (high - temperature region) to the rotor end and rapid heat dissipation are achieved. At the same time, the graphene quantum dot (GQDs) coating enhances the lateral thermal conductivity of the carbon fiber layer in an island - like distribution, significantly improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency, effectively suppressing the temperature rise of the rotor during high - speed operation, and ensuring the stable operation of the motor at extreme speeds.

[0018] 3. When the present invention is in use, by filling micro - capsule phase - change material (PCM) around the permanent magnet, transient thermal shock can be absorbed, preventing the neodymium - iron - boron magnet from demagnetizing due to local overheating; the synergistic effect of the heat pipe and PCM forms a dual - protection mechanism of "active heat conduction + passive heat storage". In addition, the carbon - fiber reinforced layer combined with the quantum dot coating improves the mechanical properties at high temperatures on the basis of lightweight, avoiding the risk of rotor deformation or rupture, and greatly improving the safety and service life of high - speed motors. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is a three - dimensional structure schematic diagram of a quantum - dot enhanced rotor proposed by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a sectional view of a quantum - dot enhanced rotor proposed by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 3 is a sectional view of a quantum - dot enhanced rotor proposed by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 4 is an enlarged view of part A of the structure of a quantum - dot enhanced rotor proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is a three - dimensional structure schematic diagram of the heat dissipation mechanism of a quantum - dot enhanced rotor proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 is a three - dimensional structure schematic diagram of the heat dissipation fins of a quantum - dot enhanced rotor proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 is a sectional view of the heat dissipation fins of a quantum - dot enhanced rotor proposed by the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Rotating shaft; 2. Rotor core; 3. V - shaped groove; 4. Neodymium - iron - boron magnet; 5. Heat dissipation mechanism; 51. Axial protrusion; 52. Sintered copper heat pipe; 53. Pipe groove; 54. Heat conduction cavity; 6. Heat dissipation fins; 61. Heat dissipation holes; 62. Through - holes; 7. Bearing groove; 8. Heat dissipation enhancement layer; 9. Micro - capsule phase - change material (PCM) filling layer; 10. Thermal conductive adhesive. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Referring to Figures 1-7 , a quantum dot enhanced rotor includes a rotating shaft 1. In the middle of the outer wall of the rotating shaft 1, a rotor core 2 is provided. A V-shaped groove 3 is formed on the outer wall of the rotor core 2. Inside the V-shaped groove 3, a neodymium iron boron magnet 4 is arranged. Inside the rotor core 2, a heat dissipation mechanism 5 is provided. The heat dissipation mechanism 5 is used to dissipate the heat generated during the rotation of the rotor. The heat dissipation mechanism 5 includes an axial protrusion 51, a sintered copper heat pipe 52, a pipe groove 53, and a heat conduction cavity 54. The axial protrusion 51 is installed on both sides of the rotor core 2 through bolts. The sintered copper heat pipe 52 is arranged inside the rotor core 2. The pipe groove 53 is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 1. The heat conduction cavity 54 is arranged inside the axial protrusion 51.

[0029] The heat dissipation mechanism 5 realizes the efficient heat dissipation of the rotor system through a modular thermal management design. The axial protrusion 51 serves as a heat dissipation base and is rigidly connected to the rotor core 2 through bolts to form a stable heat conduction path. The sintered copper heat pipe 52 is built inside the rotor core 2, and its double helix structure cooperates with the positioning design of the pipe groove 53 to ensure the uniform distribution of the working medium during high-speed rotation. The heat conduction cavity 54 is integrated inside the axial protrusion 51 and is directly coupled with the condensation section of the heat pipe to construct a complete heat flow channel of "magnet → heat pipe → heat conduction cavity → heat dissipation fin". This hierarchical structure design not only ensures the close thermal coupling between the heat dissipation components (the contact thermal resistance is reduced by 60%), but also realizes the maintainability of the rotor through modular assembly, while meeting the mechanical strength requirements under the working conditions of tens of thousands of revolutions per minute.

[0030] The rotor core 2 is provided with heat dissipation fins 6 through the heat dissipation mechanism 5. Bearing grooves 7 are arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft 1. On the outer surface of the rotor core 2, a heat dissipation enhancement layer 8 is provided. The heat dissipation enhancement layer 8 includes a carbon fiber reinforced layer and a graphene quantum dot (GQDs) coating. The graphene quantum dot (GQDs) coating is distributed in an island shape on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced layer. The carbon fiber reinforced layer covers the periphery of the V-shaped groove 3.

[0031] First, the pretreated carbon fibers are directionally coated on the surface of the rotor matrix through electrophoretic deposition, and the negatively charged carbon fibers are evenly adsorbed by using an electric field force (50 - 100V) to form a dense network structure. Subsequently, under the protection of argon, a stepped high-temperature graphitization treatment (800 - 1200 °C) is carried out to in-situ grow graphene quantum dots on the surface of the carbon fibers, forming an island-shaped distributed GQDs reinforcement phase (particle size 5 - 20 nm).

[0032] This process realizes the chemical bonding (C-Csp 2 hybridization) between GQDs and carbon fiber through electric field regulation + thermodynamic self-assembly, enabling the coating to have both high axial thermal conductivity (the longitudinal thermal conductivity of carbon fiber ≥ 400 W / m·K) and transverse thermal diffusion ability (GQDs enhance the interfacial thermal conductivity by 3 times), while maintaining the aerodynamic shape accuracy of the rotor.

[0033] It should be noted that the neodymium iron boron magnet 4, as a permanent magnet, can generate a stable magnetic field in the motor, interact with the energized coil to generate electromagnetic force, drive the rotor to rotate, and thus realize the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy.

[0034] The heat dissipation fin 6 is made of aluminum-silicon carbide (AlSiC) composite material, which has the effects of light weight and high thermal conductivity. The internal inclined and porous design reduces the mass distribution of the rotating parts while ensuring the heat dissipation performance, reduces the centrifugal stress during high-speed operation, and avoids the problem of dynamic imbalance introduced by the heat dissipation structure, meeting the stringent requirements of high-speed motors for rotor light weight and mechanical stability.

[0035] The microencapsulated phase change material (PCM) filling layer 9 realizes intelligent thermal management by embedding microcapsules encapsulating phase change substances (such as paraffin) in the rotor permanent magnet slots and utilizing its latent heat of phase change (100 - 250 J / g): when the temperature exceeds the melting point, the PCM absorbs heat and melts to inhibit local temperature rise, protecting the neodymium iron boron magnet from demagnetization; when the temperature decreases, it solidifies and releases heat to achieve cyclic buffering.

[0036] Furthermore, the sintered copper heat pipe 52 is arranged in a double helix layout. The sintered copper heat pipe 52 is embedded with nanofluid. The evaporation section of the sintered copper heat pipe 52 is buried at the bottom of the permanent magnet slot, and the condensation section of the sintered copper heat pipe 52 extends to the heat conduction cavity 54.

[0037] Among them, the sintered copper heat pipe 52 is in direct contact with the highest temperature region (neodymium iron boron magnet), and uses the porous capillary structure of the sintered copper heat pipe 52 to quickly absorb heat, vaporize the nanofluid; the condensation section extends to the heat conduction cavity 54: the vaporized working medium releases latent heat to the heat conduction cavity 54 at the condensation section and is discharged through the heat dissipation fin 6, forming a low thermal resistance path of "magnet → heat pipe → heat dissipation fin 6" to avoid heat accumulation inside the rotor.

[0038] Furthermore, the heat dissipation fin 6 is fixedly arranged on the side of the axial protrusion 51 away from the rotor core 2. There are 12 radially arranged heat dissipation fins 6 on each axial protrusion 51, and the heat dissipation fin 6 is arranged at an inclination of 45 degrees.

[0039] Among them, the inclined radial structure strengthens the forced convection heat dissipation at the rotor end. The specific manifestations are as follows: When the rotor rotates at high speed, the 12 heat dissipation fins 6 inclined at 45 degrees can effectively cut the air flow to form spiral turbulence, significantly increasing the heat dissipation surface area and the air contact efficiency; at the same time, the inclined design can guide the air flow to be discharged axially, avoiding the "hot air reflux" phenomenon caused by the retention of eddy currents. This layout not only ensures the heat dissipation capacity (the convection coefficient is increased by about 30% compared with the vertical fins), but also maintains the dynamic balance of the rotor through the symmetric radial distribution, ensuring no additional vibration under the condition of tens of thousands of revolutions per minute. The direct coupling of the heat dissipation fin 6 and the condensation section of the heat pipe finally constructs an efficient collaborative cooling system of "internal heat pipe heat conduction belt away + external fin forced heat dissipation".

[0040] Furthermore, the surfaces of the rotating shaft 1 and the bearing groove 7 are also provided with a heat dissipation enhancement layer 8.

[0041] Among them, by setting a composite heat dissipation enhancement layer 8 of a carbon fiber reinforced layer + graphene quantum dots (GQDs) coating on the surfaces of the rotating shaft 1 and the bearing groove 7, the ultra-high thermal conductivity of GQDs is used to quickly export the bearing friction heat and the rotor conduction heat, preventing local overheating and deformation of the rotating shaft 1; the carbon fiber layer provides lightweight support, and the nano-hardness of GQDs reduces the fretting wear of the bearing and extends the mechanical life under high-speed conditions;

[0042] At the same time, as an "integrated heat conduction - structure" interface, this layer not only reduces the thermal resistance between the bearing and the rotating shaft 1, but also avoids the deterioration of the fit clearance due to temperature rise through thermal stress buffering, thereby comprehensively improving the reliability and durability of the rotor system.

[0043] Furthermore, a plurality of heat dissipation holes 61 are opened inside the heat dissipation fin 6, and a through hole 62 is arranged between the plurality of heat dissipation holes 61.

[0044] Among them, the hole structure destroys the steady-state air flow of the boundary layer, inducing turbulence to enhance the convection heat transfer efficiency (15 - 20% higher than that of solid fins); the through hole 62 forms a lightweight network support, maintaining the structural rigidity while reducing the weight by 30%, and avoiding resonance fracture during high-speed rotation;

[0045] The porous system forms a three-dimensional heat dissipation channel, enabling the heat conducted from the heat pipe to the fin to be dissipated through the double paths of heat radiation through the pore wall + convection inside the pore. It is measured that the surface temperature gradient of the fin can be reduced by more than 40%. This bionic honeycomb structure design perfectly solves the contradiction of "weight gain and heat dissipation cannot have both" of traditional heat dissipation fins.

[0046] Furthermore, a microcapsule phase change material (PCM) filling layer 9 is arranged between the V-shaped groove 3 and the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 4, and a thermal conductive adhesive 10 is filled between the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 4 and the sintered copper heat pipe 52.

[0047] Among them, the microcapsule phase change material (PCM) filling layer 9 forms a "phase change heat buffer zone" between the V-shaped groove 3 and the neodymium iron boron magnet 4, protecting the magnet from demagnetization by absorbing transient thermal shocks (such as peak temperatures above 150°C during start-stop); meanwhile, the high thermal conductivity adhesive 10 constructs a "zero-gap thermal conduction interface" between the magnet 4 and the sintered copper heat pipe 52, and its thermal conductivity (≥5W / m·K) ensures efficient heat conduction into the double-helix channel of the heat pipe during steady-state operation; the two form a complementary strategy of "PCM dealing with transient peaks + thermal conductivity adhesive handling steady-state heat flow", keeping the working temperature of the magnet within the safe range of 80-120°C all the time, and the measured value can reduce the demagnetization risk of the magnet by more than 70%.

[0048] Working principle:

[0049] First of all, the neodymium iron boron magnet 4 is the main heat source. When rotating at high speed, heat is generated due to eddy current loss and hysteresis effect. The microcapsule phase change material (PCM) filling layer 9 wraps the magnet and absorbs transient thermal shocks (such as the 150°C peak during start-stop) through the latent heat of phase change (100-250J / g) to prevent the magnet from demagnetization. The thermal conductivity adhesive 10 forms a high-thermal-conductivity interface (≥5W / m·K) between the magnet and the sintered copper heat pipe 52, and efficiently conducts the steady-state heat into the evaporation section of the heat pipe.

[0050] Then, the double-helix sintered copper heat pipe 52 is embedded with nanofluid. Utilizing its ultra-high thermal conductivity (more than 40% higher than that of traditional working fluids) and the centrifugal adaptability of the double-helix layout, the heat is quickly conducted from the bottom of the magnet groove (evaporation section) to the heat conduction cavity 54 (condensation section) at the end of the rotor. The heat dissipation enhancement layer 8 (carbon fiber + graphene quantum dot (GQDs) coating) covers the rotor core 2 and the bearing groove 7, and constructs a lateral heat conduction path through the island-like distribution of graphene quantum dots, accelerating the surface heat radiation and reducing the accumulation of bearing friction heat.

[0051] Finally, the heat dissipation fins 6 are arranged in a 45° inclined radial pattern, forming a turbulent flow through the rotation-induced forced convection and the internal porous structure (heat dissipation holes 61 and through holes 62), efficiently dissipating the heat in the heat conduction cavity 54 to the environment. The convection coefficient is increased by 30% compared with the traditional design. The axial protrusion 51 integrates the heat conduction cavity 54 and the heat dissipation fins 6, ensuring the rigid coupling between the condensation section of the heat pipe and the heat dissipation fins, and avoiding structural instability under high-speed centrifugal force.

[0052] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent replacements or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quantum dot enhanced rotor, comprising a rotating shaft (1), characterized in that, In the middle of the outer wall of the rotating shaft (1), a rotor core (2) is provided. On the outer wall of the rotor core (2), a V-shaped groove (3) is formed. Inside the V-shaped groove (3), a neodymium iron boron magnet (4) is arranged. Inside the rotor core (2), a heat dissipation mechanism (5) is provided, and the heat dissipation mechanism (5) is used to dissipate the heat generated during the rotation of the rotor. The rotor core (2) is provided with heat dissipation fins (6) through the heat dissipation mechanism (5). Bearing grooves (7) are arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft (1). A heat dissipation enhancement layer (8) is arranged on the outer surface of the rotor core (2).

2. The quantum dot enhanced rotor according to claim 1, wherein The heat dissipation mechanism (5) includes an axial protrusion (51), a sintered copper heat pipe (52), a pipe groove (53), and a heat conduction cavity (54). The axial protrusion (51) is installed on both sides of the rotor core (2) through bolts. The sintered copper heat pipe (52) is arranged inside the rotor core (2). The pipe groove (53) is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (1). The heat conduction cavity (54) is arranged inside the axial protrusion (51).

3. A quantum dot enhanced rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sintered copper heat pipe (52) is arranged in a double helix layout. The sintered copper heat pipe (52) is embedded with a nanofluid. The evaporation section of the sintered copper heat pipe (52) is buried at the bottom of the permanent magnet groove. The condensation section of the sintered copper heat pipe (52) extends to the heat conduction cavity (54).

4. A quantum dot enhanced rotor according to claim 2, wherein The heat dissipation fins (6) are fixedly arranged on the side of the axial protrusion (51) away from the rotor core (2). 12 radial heat dissipation fins (6) are arranged on each axial protrusion (51), and the heat dissipation fins (6) are arranged at an inclination of 45 degrees.

5. A quantum dot enhanced rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation enhancement layer (8) includes a carbon fiber reinforced layer and a graphene quantum dot (GQDs) coating. The graphene quantum dot (GQDs) coating is distributed in an island shape on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced layer. The carbon fiber reinforced layer covers the periphery of the V-shaped groove (3).

6. A quantum dot enhanced rotor according to claim 1, wherein The surfaces of the rotating shaft (1) and the bearing grooves (7) are also provided with a heat dissipation enhancement layer (8).

7. A quantum dot enhanced rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of heat dissipation holes (61) are formed inside the heat dissipation fins (6), and through holes (62) are arranged between the plurality of heat dissipation holes (61).

8. A quantum dot enhanced rotor according to claim 2, wherein, A microcapsule phase change material (PCM) filling layer (9) is arranged between the V-shaped groove (3) and the neodymium iron boron magnet (4). A heat conduction adhesive (10) is filled between the neodymium iron boron magnet (4) and the sintered copper heat pipe (52).

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