Cylinder seal for rotary combustion engine

Abstract

The invention relates to a cylinder seal of a rotary combustion engine, comprising a rotary cylinder having a radially distributed cylinder and piston, and also comprising an outer fixed housing. And a transverse and / or lateral sealing piece positioned in the fixed shell is tightly combined with the outer surface of the cylinder body. A lateral seal is disposed within the circular groove, the lateral seal including a radial seal strip having a spring disposed between adjacent lateral seal strips. And the coupler with a notch and a pressure spring is positioned in the hole of the fixed shell and is used for inserting the radial sealing strip and the transverse sealing strip. The radial sealing strip is provided with a notch, and the notch is used for interlocking of a blocking piece connected with the fixing shell. A longitudinal groove is formed in the side edge of the radial sealing strip, a flexible sealing element is contained in the longitudinal groove, and / or a groove is formed in the side edge of the transverse sealing strip and used for containing another flexible sealing element.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the sealing of a cylinder block of a rotary combustion engine, comprising a rotary cylinder in a rotary shape, having cylinders radially distributed, and pistons are provided in the cylinders. There is a fixed housing outside the rotary cylinder block, and the fixed housing has at least one intake and / or exhaust port. The rotary cylinder block together with the fixed housing forms a rotary valve. Background Art

[0002] Many engine designs employ a rotary cylinder in a rotary shape, with cylinders radially distributed, pistons are provided in the cylinders, and a fixed housing covers the outside of the rotary cylinder, and intake and / or exhaust ports are provided on the fixed housing. The rotary cylinder block together with the fixed housing forms a rotary valve. Well-known two-stroke and four-stroke engine designs are currently available, including twin-cylinder, three-cylinder, and multi-cylinder configurations. Some engines are equipped with a crankshaft mechanism, and some are equipped with other known mechanisms to transfer the movement of the piston to the shaft. However, despite the undeniable potential of these designs, none of them have achieved wider expansion and application.

[0003] There are many reasons for the lack of success of these engines, but mainly the sealing design between the rotary cylinder and the fixed housing is not ideal. The sealing between the cylinder space and the fixed housing is mostly achieved by sealing elements provided in the rotary cylinder block. These sealing elements are exposed to the centrifugal force generated when the rotary cylinder rotates. Coupled with the continuously accumulated revolutions, it causes serious stress, high friction loss, and lubrication problems to the sealing elements. Such designs are described in documents such as DE 2732779, FR2767156A1, etc.

[0004] There are also some designs that set the seals inside the fixed housing of the engine. The simplest way is to install annular seals on both sides of the outer periphery of the rotary cylinder. Another sealing method is to set the transverse seal along the direction transverse to the movement of the outer periphery of the rotary cylinder in the fixed housing. Such designs are described in documents such as FR2639676A1, US1705130A, WO9823850A1, WO8302642A1, etc.

[0005] Regarding the seal located within a stationary engine housing, the most perfect implementation is the solution proposed in patents such as CZ304371, US 9366200B2, etc. The advantage of this solution is that it can avoid the centrifugal force acting on the sealing element. However, this sealing group consists of multiple elements, and the gaps between the elements are precisely the possible sources of leakage. Another major source of leakage is any slight deformation or inaccuracy in the sealing strip and the groove during their mutual contact. The degree of gas penetration due to leakage around the sealing strip is much greater than that between the sealing strip and the contact surface of the rotating cylinder. At this contact surface, the operation brings about running-in, minimizing gas penetration. Another problem to be solved is the influence of friction on the side radial sealing strip. Especially when using a relatively long radial sealing strip, the problem is that the radial sealing strip is driven by friction and then affects the transverse sealing strip through the coupling of the radial sealing strip and the transverse sealing strip. The resultant force F of the friction is divided into two component forces F1 and F2 when acting on the transverse sealing strip. The force F1 acts perpendicular to the transverse sealing strip, and this load increases the resistance to the radial movement of the transverse sealing strip in the groove, reducing the tightness of the entire sealing strip and the coupling group. Another negative impact comes from the component force F2, which pushes the radial sealing strip away from the contact surface with the rotating cylinder, thus further reducing the tightness between the rotating cylinder and the stationary engine housing. When lubricating the sealing part with an oil-containing fuel mixture, it is very difficult to maintain an oil film on the contact surface between the radial sealing strip and the outer surface of the rotating cylinder. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The cylinder block seal of a rotary combustion engine according to an exemplary embodiment can greatly improve the above-mentioned deficiencies. The rotary combustion engine includes a rotating cylinder in a rotary shape, which has radially distributed cylinders provided with pistons, and also includes an external stationary housing having at least one intake port and / or exhaust port. The outer surface of the rotating cylinder is a rotary surface with a straight contour curve or a curved contour curve, and a transverse seal and / or a side seal is installed in the stationary housing and located on this surface. There is a side seal at the circular groove, and this side seal is composed of a radial sealing strip with a spring, and the spring is located between adjacent transverse sealing strips in the transverse groove. These transverse sealing strips cross the circular groove transversely. At the intersection of the radial sealing strip and the transverse sealing strip, there is a joint point provided with a notch for inserting the radial sealing strip and the transverse sealing strip. These joint points are located in the holes of the external stationary housing and include pressure springs. According to the exemplary embodiment, the radial sealing strip is provided with a cut for installing a stop connected to the stationary housing, and a radial groove is formed on its side, in which a flexible sealing element is provided, and / or a groove is also provided on the side of the transverse sealing strip, in which another flexible sealing element is provided.

[0007] A radial seal strip and a transverse seal strip can be arranged in the recess of the coupler. An external groove is provided on the side of the coupler, in which a flexible seal element of the coupler is arranged, and / or an internal groove for another elastic seal element for coupling is also provided inside the recess.

[0008] Between the transverse seal strips, for example, in the transverse groove, a plurality of short radial strips are provided. The short radial strips have a short longitudinal groove, and a short flexible seal element is arranged in the short longitudinal groove.

[0009] The radial seal strip can have a side corrugated contact sealing mounting surface.

[0010] The flexible seal element, the short flexible seal element, other flexible seal elements, the flexible seal element of the coupler and other seal elements for coupling can have an O-shaped and / or X-shaped cross-section.

[0011] The sealing of the cylinder block of a rotary combustion engine can achieve an effective seal between the rotary cylinder and the fixed housing. Placing the seal element in the fixed housing can ensure that the pressure acting force of the seal element is not affected by the engine speed. Therefore, the engine can operate at high speed and specific parameters can reach higher values. All the transverse seal strips and the radial seal strips are in contact with the rotary outer surface of the rotary cylinder by their surfaces.

[0012] The radial seal strip can be provided with a notch, which abuts against a stop in the fixed housing. In this way, the adverse effects of friction on the radial seal strip, the transverse strip and the coupler can be greatly eliminated, thereby improving the function of the sealing group. Therefore, the transverse seal strip can be prevented from bearing excessive lateral loads, and the radial seal strip can be prevented from being pushed out of the contact surface of the rotary cylinder.

[0013] The resultant force F of the frictional force is transmitted to this stop. If the reaction force R does not directly oppose F, a reaction moment Mr will also act on the seal strip, but this reaction moment will be extremely small. However, since the acting force of the short radial strip on the transverse strip is small, the stop is not necessary. The flexible seal elements in all the seal strips and the side grooves of the coupler together bring a great improvement to the tightness. The flexible seal element can be made of, for example, fluoroelastomer (FPM, FKM). The cross-section of the seal element can be circular, X-shaped or similar shapes. These elements can be arranged on the opposite side of the seal strip, that is, facing away from the high pressure to be sealed. Subsequently, the gas pressure infiltrating into the groove will increase the downward pressure of the seal strip on the cylinder block to be sealed. Since the fixed housing can be effectively cooled by liquid, the temperature in the groove of the seal strip can be in a favorable state, and the flexible seal element can be prevented from suffering excessive thermal stress. If the seal strip is lubricated by an oil agent incorporated in the fuel, a side corrugated sealing mounting surface in contact with the rotary cylinder can be formed on the radial seal strip. In this way, the lubricant can enter the contact surface more easily. Description of the Drawings

[0014] The accompanying drawings will facilitate understanding of the cylinder block sealing of a rotary combustion engine according to an exemplary embodiment, where: Figure 1 is an axonometric view of the sealing assembly, showing half of the fixed housing and the rotary cylinder with the cylinder and piston. For ease of illustration, the cylinder block with the piston is axially removed from the outer fixed housing.

[0015] Figure 2 The sealing element is depicted in axonometric view, including the groove and the flexible sealing element, with the assembly partially disassembled.

[0016] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the rotary piston engine perpendicular to the axis of rotation, where the radial sealing strip and the transverse sealing strip and their respective force ratios are shown in a variant without the inner stopper in the fixed housing and without notches on the radial sealing strip.

[0017] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the rotary piston engine perpendicular to the axis of rotation, which depicts a notch for accommodating the stopper on the radial sealing strip, depicts the stopper and the transverse sealing strip in the fixed housing, and also shows the respective force ratios.

[0018] Figure 5 The radial sealing strip with a corrugated sealing seating surface on the side is depicted in axonometric view.

[0019] Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the rotary piston engine perpendicular to the axis of rotation, showing that the transverse sealing strip has a groove and a flexible sealing element, where the flexible sealing element has two variants with O-shaped and X-shaped cross-sections.

[0020] Description of reference numerals: 1 Radial sealing strip 2 Circular groove 3 Transverse sealing strip 4 Transverse groove 5 Coupler 6 Hole 7 Notch (in the coupler) 8 Pressure spring 9 Spring 10 Fixed housing 11 Rotary cylinder 12 Cylinder 13 Piston 14 Intake port 15 Exhaust port 16 Outer surface (rotary cylinder) 19 Spark plug 20 Stopper (in the fixed housing) 21 Notch (stopper in the fixed housing) 22 Short radial strip 23 Longitudinal groove (in the radial sealing strip) 24 Flexible sealing element (radial sealing strip) 25 Short longitudinal groove (in short radial sealing strip) 26 Short flexible sealing element (short radial strip) 27 Groove (in transverse sealing strip) 28 Other flexible sealing element (transverse sealing strip) 29 Outer groove (in coupler) 30 Coupler flexible sealing element (coupler) 31 Inner groove (in coupler recess) 32 Another coupler flexible sealing element (coupler inner groove) 36 Sealing mounting surface (radial sealing strip). Detailed implementation

[0021] According to Figure 1 , a sealing example for the cylinder block sealing of a rotary combustion engine is composed of a radial sealing strip 1, a short radial strip 22, a transverse sealing strip 3, a coupler 5, a pressure spring 8, and a spring 9. All the above components are arranged in a fixed housing 10, and there is also a rotary cylinder 11 in the fixed housing 10. The rotary cylinder 11 has radially distributed cylinders 12, and pistons 13 act in the cylinders 12. The outer surface 16 of the rotary cylinder 11 is the rotary cylinder surface. The fixed housing 10 is provided with an air inlet port 14 and an exhaust port 15. The coupler 5 is provided with a recess 7, and the radial sealing strip 1 and the transverse sealing strip 3 are interlocked in the recess 7. The radial sealing strip 1 has a notch 21 on the outside for interlocking with a stop 20 located in the fixed housing 10. The radial sealing strip 1 has a longitudinal groove 23 on the side for accommodating a flexible sealing element 24, and the short radial strip 22 has a short longitudinal groove 25 on the side, and a short sealing element 26 is provided in the short longitudinal groove 25. Both the radial sealing strip 1 and the short radial strip 22 are located in the circular groove 2. The pressure spring 8 and the coupler 5 are located in the hole 6. The coupler 5 has an outer groove 29 on the side, in which a coupler flexible sealing element 30 is accommodated, and the recess 7 has an inner groove 31 for accommodating another coupler flexible sealing element 32. A groove 27 is provided on the side of the transverse sealing strip 3 for accommodating other flexible sealing elements 28. The transverse sealing strip 3 is located in the transverse groove 4, and the spring 9 is located in the transverse groove 4 and the circular groove 2. There are three transverse sealing strips 3 between the spark plug 19 and the air inlet port 14 and the exhaust port 15.

[0022] Figure 5 The cylinder block sealing embodiment of the rotary combustion engine of Figure 1 is based on the embodiment of

[0023] Figure 6The cylinder block seal of the rotary combustion engine is based on Figure 1 the embodiment of Figure 1 . The transverse sealing strip 3 has another flexible sealing element 28, which has a circular cross-section and an X-shaped cross-section located in the groove 27.

[0024] The operation of the cylinder block seal of the rotary combustion engine is as follows. The spring 9 presses the radial sealing strip 1 and the transverse sealing strip 3 downward against the outer surface 16 of the rotary cylinder block 11. The pressure spring 8 presses the coupler 5 downward against the outer surface 16 of the rotary cylinder block 11. The flexible sealing element 24 in the longitudinal groove 23 prevents gas penetration around the radial sealing strip 1 in the circular groove 2. Similarly, in the transverse groove 4, the other flexible sealing element 28 in the groove 27 prevents gas penetration around the transverse sealing strip 3. The flexible sealing element 24 and the other flexible sealing element 28 are located on the side of the sealing strip away from the area with higher gas pressure. Therefore, the gas infiltrating into the longitudinal groove 24 and the groove 27 increases the downward pressure of the radial sealing strip 1 and the transverse sealing strip 3 on the outer surface 16 of the rotary cylinder block 11. The radial sealing strip 1 is provided with a notch 21 that abuts against the stop 20 in the fixed housing 10. In this groove 20, the resultant force F of the frictional force is transmitted between the radial sealing strip 1 and the rotary cylinder block 11, generating a reaction force R with a low reaction torque Mr. Due to the presence of the stop 20, the frictional force is not transmitted to the transverse sealing strip 3 and does not reduce its sealing characteristics and the sealing function of the radial strip 1. The flexible sealing element 24 and the other flexible sealing element 28 are interlocked in the notch 7 of the coupler 5. This can improve the tightness of these connections. The coupler flexible sealing element 30 is accommodated in the outer groove 29 of the coupler 5 to reduce gas penetration around the coupler 5. The coupler flexible sealing element 30 is on the side of the coupler 5 away from the high pressure. Its function is not to prevent pressure penetration below the coupler, but to prevent gas from further escaping into the area with lower pressure. The inner groove 31 in the notch 7 of the coupler 5 accommodates another coupler flexible sealing element 32 to prevent gas penetration around the transverse sealing strip 3 passing through the coupler 5. The cross-section of the flexible sealing element can be, for example, circular or X-shaped. To facilitate the entry of lubricating oil between the radial sealing strip 1 and the outer surface 16 of the rotary cylinder 11, a contact sealing mounting surface 36 with side corrugations is preferably used.

[0025] The cylinder block seal of the rotary combustion engine according to the present invention can be used, for example, in aeroengines, electric motors and generators, motorcycle engines, and other rotary piston engine applications where engine performance, weight, and size are the primary considerations. The design for the rotary piston engine does not involve valve components at overly high temperatures and is suitable for burning gaseous fuels, including hydrogen combustion. If the combustion of lubricating oil can be reduced, it can also be used in automobiles, for example, as a range extender for electric vehicles.

Claims

1. Cylinder sealing of a rotary combustion engine, comprising a rotary cylinder (11) and an outer stationary housing (10), the rotary cylinder (11) having a rotary shape and having cylinders (12) distributed radially, with pistons (13) in the cylinders (12), the stationary housing (10) having at least one intake port (14) and / or one exhaust port (15), wherein the outer surface (16) of the rotary cylinder (11) is formed by a rotary surface having a straight or curved forming curve, and a transverse and / or lateral seal is located on the forming curve; the seal is located within the stationary housing (10), wherein a lateral seal is provided in a circular groove (2), the lateral seal comprising a radial sealing strip (1), the radial sealing strip (1) having a spring (9) disposed between adjacent transverse sealing strips (3); the transverse sealing strips are located in transverse grooves (4), and these transverse sealing strips (3) span the circular groove (2), wherein a coupler (5) is provided in the connection between the radial sealing strip (1) and the transverse sealing strip (3), the coupler (5) having a notch (7) for insertion of the radial sealing strip (1) and the transverse sealing strip (3); and the coupler (5) is located in a hole (6) in the stationary housing (10) and is provided with a pressure spring (8), characterized in that The radial sealing strip (1) is provided with a notch (21) for interlocking with a stop member (20) connected to the fixed housing (10). In addition, a longitudinal groove (23) is formed on the side of the radial sealing strip (1), and a flexible sealing element (24) is received in the longitudinal groove, and / or the lateral sealing strip (3) is provided with a groove (27) on its side for receiving another flexible sealing element (28).

2. The cylinder block seal of the rotary combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial sealing strip (1) and the lateral sealing strip (3) are located within the recess (7) of the coupler (5). The side of the coupler (5) has an outer groove (29) for receiving a coupler flexible sealing element (30) and / or the recess (7) has an inner groove (31) for receiving another coupler flexible sealing element (32).

3. The cylinder block seal of the rotary combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Short radial strips (22) are provided between the lateral sealing strips (3) in the transverse groove (4). The short radial strips (22) have a short longitudinal groove (25) for receiving a short flexible sealing element (26).

4. The seal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The radial sealing strip (1) has a contact sealing seating surface (36), which is a side corrugated contact sealing seating surface (36).

5. The seal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The flexible sealing element (24), the short flexible sealing element (26), the other flexible sealing element (28), the coupler flexible sealing element (30) and the other coupler flexible sealing element (32) have an O-shaped and / or X-shaped cross-section.

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