Multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device which comprises a mechanical box body used for switching induction modes; the fruit sunburn induction system comprises an illumination module, a heating module, a humidification module and a heat dissipation module and is used for providing an environment where fruit sunburn occurs; the environment monitoring system comprises an illumination intensity measurement module, an ultraviolet intensity measurement module, an environment humidity measurement module and an environment temperature measurement module and is used for monitoring environment information in the mechanical box body; the fruit state detection system comprises a fruit surface temperature measurement module, a fruit surface humidity measurement module and a visual module and is used for judging whether sunburn occurs or not; the main control system is used for receiving the environment data and the fruit state information; and the data uploading system is used for uploading the data detected by the device to the cloud for recording. According to the invention, sunburn induction, automatic calibration of the data measurement module, dynamic environment simulation, non-contact data measurement and other functions can be carried out in different modes, and the system is suitable for sunburn research of various fruits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of fruit sunburn induction equipment, and particularly relates to a multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device. Background Art

[0002] Fruit sunburn is a common physiological disease, mainly caused by high temperature and strong light, especially prevalent in the high-temperature season in summer. This phenomenon is widespread in many agricultural production areas around the world, especially more serious in areas with hot climate and strong sunlight. Sunburn not only affects the appearance and quality of fruits, but also leads to a decrease in yield, causing economic losses to fruit farmers. Currently, sunburn diseases occur in fruit trees such as pomegranates, kiwifruits, citrus fruits, loquats, and grapes. Therefore, more and more research has been carried out on fruit sunburn diseases. Due to the instability of natural light, temperature and other conditions in nature, and the great differences in the natural environment, it is impossible to conduct targeted research on fruit sunburn diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to design a device that can artificially induce sunburn.

[0003] Existing fruit sunburn induction devices are mostly open small boxes. The fruits are placed in the boxes, and a relatively stable and adjustable "high temperature" small environment is created in the boxes by heating and blowing. Then, by controlling the angle of the open mouth to follow the sunlight, natural light is used for induction.

[0004] Chinese Patent with publication number CN209768294U discloses a fruit sunburn disaster induction occurrence device, which gives a sunburn induction structure with good stability, and processes natural light to ensure better test results.

[0005] Chinese Patent Application with publication number CN118749330A discloses a new type of induction chamber structure, which can automatically regulate the temperature in the induction chamber.

[0006] Generally speaking, existing fruit induction devices mainly use natural light for induction, which is greatly affected by natural conditions, and the light intensity cannot be controlled. It is impossible to conduct targeted research on the important factor of "light" that induces fruit sunburn. Moreover, when measuring the data of fruits and the induction environment in real time, it mostly contacts the fruits, which has a certain impact on the research of inducing fruit sunburn. Therefore, the present invention proposes a multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device to solve the problems of low authenticity and deviation of research data in existing sunburn induction research.

[0008] A multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device includes:

[0009] A mechanical box body for switching induction modes;

[0010] The fruit sunburn induction system includes a lighting module, a heating module, a humidifying module and a heat dissipation module, which are used to provide an environment for the occurrence of fruit sunburn; the lighting module is used to provide light and ultraviolet rays for the fruit; the heating module is used to provide a heat source for the device to increase the temperature; the humidifying module is used to change the environmental humidity; the heat dissipation module is used to evenly distribute the heat generated by the heating module during heating, improve the heating efficiency or accelerate air convection, and reduce the environmental temperature inside the device during cooling.

[0011] The environmental monitoring system includes a light intensity measurement module, an ultraviolet intensity measurement module and an environmental temperature and humidity measurement module, which are used to monitor the environmental information inside the mechanical box in real time; the light intensity measurement module is used to measure and calculate the light intensity received by the fruit and upload the data to the main control system; the ultraviolet intensity measurement module is used to measure and calculate the ultraviolet intensity received by the fruit and upload the data to the main control system; the environmental temperature and humidity measurement module includes an environmental humidity measurement module and an environmental temperature measurement module. The environmental humidity measurement module is used to measure the environmental humidity inside the device and upload the data to the main control system; the environmental temperature measurement module is used to measure the environmental temperature inside the device and upload the data to the main control system.

[0012] The fruit status detection system includes a fruit surface temperature measurement module, a fruit surface humidity measurement module and a vision module, which are used to detect the real-time status of the fruit and judge whether sunburn occurs; the fruit surface temperature measurement module is used to collect the fruit surface temperature information, i.e., the fruit surface temperature, and upload the data to the main control system; the fruit surface humidity measurement module is used to measure the fruit surface humidity and upload the data to the main control system; the vision module is used to detect the fruit surface status, judge whether sunburn occurs through a special algorithm and upload the data to the main control system.

[0013] The main control system is used to receive environmental data and fruit status information and control the operation of related modules; the main control system is controlled by a microcomputer system. The main control system is electrically connected to the fruit sunburn induction system and is used to adjust the output intensity of the fruit sunburn induction system to change the environment inside the device; the main control system is electrically connected to the environmental detection system and is used to receive environmental information and feedback and adjust the fruit sunburn induction system by the main control system; the main control system is electrically connected to the fruit status detection system and is used to receive the fruit status and information on whether sunburn occurs and feedback to the user; the main control system is electrically connected to the data upload system and is used to package and send the data received by the main control system to the data upload system for uploading and saving to the cloud.

[0014] The data upload system is used to upload the data detected by the device to the cloud for recording. The data upload system is connected to the main control system and is used to receive the data packaged by the main control system and upload it to the cloud for saving.

[0015] Preferably, the mechanical box includes:

[0016] A housing, with an upper opening and a side opening provided on the housing. An upper cover is provided at the upper opening, and a side cover is provided at the side opening. Different induction modes are switched by controlling the opening.

[0017] The different induction modes include:

[0018] The controllable light induction mode for off-tree fruits, with the upper opening and the side opening closed, and the built-in light source is used for induction;

[0019] The natural light induction mode for off-tree fruits, with the upper opening open and the side opening open, and natural light is used for induction;

[0020] The controllable light induction mode for on-tree fruits, with the upper opening closed and the side opening open, providing a passage for on-tree fruits to enter, and the built-in light source is used for induction;

[0021] The natural light induction mode for on-tree fruits, with the upper opening and the side opening open, using natural light for induction and providing a passage for fruits to enter.

[0022] Preferably, a slide rail assembly is provided inside the housing. A slider is provided on the slide rail assembly, and a first telescopic rod is provided on the slider. The light intensity measurement module and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module are arranged at the output end of the first telescopic rod for changing the positions of the light intensity measurement module and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module. A fruit limiter is provided inside the housing, and the fruit limiter is a bionic mechanical claw for fixing the fruit.

[0023] Preferably, a wind deflector is provided inside the housing. The wind deflector is located on the housing and is installed on the housing through a first servo for defining the air flow direction of the heating module. The wind deflector is used for defining the air flow direction of the heating module. The wind deflector is used to prevent the hot air blown out by the heating module from directly contacting the fruit surface when the internal environment of the device changes dynamically, so as to avoid the fruit surface becoming too dry due to the hot air. In the direct heating mode, the wind deflector is not enabled, and the heating module directly aims at the fruit to change the ambient temperature; in the indirect heating mode, the wind deflector is enabled, and the hot air blown out by the heating module blows around along the edge of the wind deflector to heat the air around the fruit, thereby indirectly affecting the fruit.

[0024] Preferably, a sunlight tracking platform is provided at the bottom of the outer shell, which automatically follows the angle of sunlight. The sunlight tracking platform includes a mounting plate, a hinged rod, and a stepper motor. The hinged rod is disposed between the mounting plate and the outer shell, and the stepper motor is connected to the hinged rod. The sunlight tracking platform is automatically turned on under the induction of natural light of fruits off the tree, and is turned off in other modes. The reason is that the sunlight tracking function is only required to be used in the natural light induction mode. In the natural light induction mode of fruits on the tree, starting the sunlight tracking platform may cause the fruits to break away from the branches. Therefore, the sunlight tracking platform is only started in the natural light induction mode of fruits off the tree.

[0025] Preferably, the main control system controls the operation of the device in the following manner:

[0026] Receive the environmental data feedback by the environmental monitoring system and regulate the output intensity of the fruit sunburn induction system;

[0027] Receive the fruit status information feedback by the fruit status detection system and judge whether the fruit is sunburned;

[0028] Pack and send the environmental data and fruit status information to the data upload system for uploading and recording in the cloud;

[0029] According to the timing function in the main control system, regulate the output intensity of the fruit sunburn induction system at the corresponding time according to the environmental factor change curve set by the user to make the environment inside the device change dynamically.

[0030] Preferably, the fruit status detection system detects the fruit status in the following manner:

[0031] The fruit surface temperature measurement module collects the fruit surface temperature information;

[0032] The fruit surface humidity measurement module measures the fruit surface humidity;

[0033] The vision module detects the fruit surface status and judges whether it is sunburned through an algorithm.

[0034] Preferably, the data upload system uploads the data to the cloud through wireless communication, including text data and picture data, and supports users to view the environmental data and fruit status information inside the device at any time.

[0035] The present invention also discloses a usage method of the multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device, including the following steps:

[0036] S1. Determine the used fruit sunburn induction mode, and the mechanical box automatically adjusts the structure according to the induction mode;

[0037] S2. Set the environmental meteorological elements and dynamic change curve of the fruit induction environment, and the fruit sunburn induction system starts to create the environment;

[0038] S3. Calibrate the light intensity measurement module and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module. The environmental detection system detects the environment inside the mechanical box. The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system according to the information fed back by the environmental detection system and sends the information to the data uploading system;

[0039] S4. After waiting for the environment inside the mechanical box to stabilize at the preset conditions, the main control system issues a prompt message, puts the fruit into the mechanical box and fixes it with the fruit limiter, then starts the sunburn induction, sets the heating method, and the main control system starts timing;

[0040] S5. The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status and transmits the status information to the main control system. The main control system sends the data to the data uploading system;

[0041] S6. The data uploading system uploads data to the cloud at regular intervals;

[0042] S7. The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system according to the preset environmental change curve, simulates the dynamic changes in the natural environment, and repeats steps S5 to S7 until all sunburn induction work is completed.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0044] Multi-mode design: By changing the structure of the mechanical box, the device supports four modes, namely the controllable light induction mode for off-tree fruits, the natural light induction mode for off-tree fruits, the controllable light induction mode for on-tree fruits, and the natural light induction mode for on-tree fruits, meeting different experimental requirements.

[0045] Optimized heating method: By setting a selectable wind baffle, the device supports two heating modes, direct heating and indirect heating. In the indirect heating mode, the hot air is prevented from directly contacting the fruit surface to avoid excessive drying of the fruit.

[0046] Precise environmental control: By installing the modules in a variable mechanical box, the device can reduce the influence of natural factors and precisely control variables such as light intensity, ultraviolet intensity, environmental temperature, and humidity.

[0047] Automatic calibration and data measurement: The light intensity measurement module and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module are installed on the telescopic rod and are automatically calibrated before each induction to ensure the accuracy of data measurement and support the flexible replacement of the light source and the ultraviolet source.

[0048] Real-time monitoring and feedback regulation: The fruit sunburn induction system is used in conjunction with the environmental monitoring system. The main control system monitors the environmental data in real time and feedback-regulates the output intensity of the induction module to ensure that the environment inside the device is precisely maintained at the conditions set by the user.

[0049] Dynamic environment simulation: The main control system simulates the dynamic changes in the natural environment according to the meteorological element change curve set by the user to meet the user's needs for a dynamic changing environment.

[0050] Data upload and remote monitoring: The data upload system uploads the environmental data and fruit status information in the device to the cloud, and the user can view the data at any time period. Description of the Drawings

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system module composition of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the automatic calibration environmental monitoring system of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention (both the upper and side openings are open);

[0055] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention (both the upper and side openings are open);

[0056] Figure 6 It is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention with the upper opening of the mechanical box closed;

[0057] Figure 7 It is a rear view schematic diagram of the present invention with the upper opening of the mechanical box closed;

[0058] Figure 8 It is a top view schematic diagram of the present invention with the side opening of the mechanical box closed;

[0059] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the PID control principle.

[0060] Reference Signs:

[0061] 1. Mechanical box; 2. Side cover; 3. Upper cover; 4. Lighting module; 51. First telescopic rod; 6. Support plate; 8. Cloud platform; 9. Windshield; 10. Heat dissipation module; 11. Heating module; 12. Fruit surface temperature measurement module; 13. Vision module; 14. Fruit surface humidity measurement module; 15. Light intensity measurement module; 16. Ultraviolet intensity measurement module; 17. Environmental temperature and humidity measurement module; 18. Humidification module; 19. Support rod 1; 20. Bevel gear; 21. Slide rail assembly; 22. Bionic mechanical claw; 23. Hinge rod; 24. Stepper motor; 25. Humidification module water tank; 26. Humidification module water supply water pipe; 27. Installation flat plate; 28. Slide block; 52. Second telescopic rod; 71. First servo; 72. Second servo; 73. Third servo. Detailed implementation mode

[0062] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 1 、 4 5, 6, 7, 8, the present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device, including the following modules:

[0064] Mechanical box body 1: used to change the device structure, switch the induction mode and automatically calibrate the environmental detection system.

[0065] Fruit sunburn induction system: including a light module 4, a heating module 11, a humidifying module 18 and a heat dissipation module 10, used to provide an environment for fruit sunburn to occur.

[0066] Environmental monitoring system: including a light intensity measurement module 15, an ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 and an environmental temperature and humidity measurement module 17, used to monitor the environmental information in the device in real time.

[0067] Fruit status detection system: including a fruit surface temperature measurement module 12, a fruit surface humidity measurement module 14 and a vision module 13, used to detect the real-time status of the fruit and judge whether sunburn occurs.

[0068] Main control system: used to receive environmental data and fruit status information and control the operation of related modules.

[0069] Data upload system: used to upload the data detected by the device to the cloud for recording.

[0070] The present invention realizes the multi-mode fruit sunburn induction function through the following technical solutions:

[0071] By changing the structure of the mechanical box body 1, the device can induce four modes for fruits: the controllable light induction mode for off-tree fruits, the natural light induction mode for off-tree fruits, the controllable light induction mode for on-tree fruits, and the natural light induction mode for on-tree fruits;

[0072] Through the design of the selectable wind shield 9, two different heating methods are realized. In the indirect heating mode, it is prevented that the hot air makes the fruit surface overly dry when heating under dynamic environmental changes;

[0073] By installing the module in a variable device to create a microenvironment, the impact of natural factors is reduced, enabling precise control of environmental variables;

[0074] By installing the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 on the telescopic rod, calibration of these two modules can be achieved before each fruit sunburn induction, avoiding the situation where data differs from the actual due to the aging of the light source and ultraviolet source, and achieving the effects of accurate data measurement and flexible replacement of the light source and ultraviolet source;

[0075] By setting up the fruit sunburn induction system to cooperate with the environmental monitoring system and managed by the main control system, the environmental conditions inside the device can be detected in real time and the output intensity of the fruit sunburn induction system can be adjusted through feedback regulation, thereby precisely maintaining the environment inside the device at the environment set by the user, achieving the function of precise control of the partial environment of the fruit, and making the research on the environmental conditions for fruit sunburn occurrence more targeted;

[0076] By detecting the fruit status through the fruit status detection system and returning it to the main control system, the user can promptly obtain the fruit sunburn situation;

[0077] After the main control system starts timing after the fruit is placed, the main control system then regulates the fruit sunburn induction system at the specified time according to the meteorological element change curve set by the user, thereby simulating the dynamic changes of meteorological elements such as light intensity, ultraviolet intensity, and environmental temperature within a period of time in the natural environment, meeting the user's requirements for a dynamically changing environment, such as simulating a unimodal curve where the light intensity is the weakest at sunrise, reaches the strongest at noon, and then gradually decreases;

[0078] By uploading the data of the microenvironment inside the device and the data of the fruit sunburn situation to the cloud through the data upload system, the user can read the environmental and fruit status information at any time period.

[0079] According to the above multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device, the mechanical box 1 includes the following parts:

[0080] Openable housing: It is used to control the opening direction of the device or keep the device closed, so that the device can be switched to the controllable light induction mode for fruits on the tree, the natural light induction mode for fruits on the tree, the natural light induction mode for fruits off the tree, and the controllable light induction mode for fruits off the tree. In this embodiment, the mechanical box 1 is a rectangular box with a size of 450mm * 400mm * 400mm (length * width * height) and a thickness of 10mm printed by PEEK consumables. The upper cover 3 and the side cover 2 of the mechanical box 1 are printed with the same consumables. The upper cover 3 of the mechanical box 1 is jointly controlled by two second telescopic rods 52 installed on a support plate 6 printed by PEEK consumables and a third servo 73 that controls the direction of the support plate 6 to open and close the opening. The second servo 72 drives a support rod 19 printed with the same consumables by a bevel gear 20, and then drives the side cover 2 to control the opening and closing of the side opening;

[0081] Retractable rod: It is used to change the positions of the light measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet measurement module 16 for automatic calibration of measurement. In this embodiment, the automatically movable retractable rod is composed as follows: A first telescopic push rod 51 of model IP60Y is installed on a slide rail assembly 21 of model QRXQ - RXP45 through a slider 18 to achieve the movement calibration of the module. The first telescopic rod 51 can adjust the positions of the light measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet measurement module 16 in the X direction, and the slide rail assembly 21 is used to adjust the position in the Y direction.

[0082] Fruit limiter: It is used to fix the fruit so that it is in a fixed position in the device. Preferably, in this embodiment, a flexible bionic mechanical claw is used;

[0083] Sunlight tracking platform: It is used to automatically follow the angle of sunlight in the natural light induction mode. Preferably, in this embodiment, the sunlight tracking platform is composed as follows: An electric push rod 51 and a fruit limiter 22 installed with a light intensity measurement module 15 and an ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 are installed under the same rectangular platform. Three stepper motors 24 are arranged under the four corners of the platform, and the stepper motors 24 are installed on a mounting plate 27. An articulated rod 23 is installed on the stepper motor to support the platform. The angle of the platform can be changed to follow the sunlight by raising or lowering each articulated rod 23 through the stepper motor 24;

[0084] Windshield 9: It is used to define the air flow direction of the heating module so that the hot air blown out by the heating module contacts or does not contact the fruit. In this embodiment, the enabling and closing of the windshield are controlled by the rotation of the first servo 71.

[0085] Furthermore, for special operations in different modes:

[0086] Controllable light induction mode for fruits off the tree: The upper and side openings of the mechanical box 1 are closed, and the built - in light source is used for induction; The windshield 9 is enabled or disabled according to the heating mode.

[0087] Natural light induction mode for off-tree fruits: The upper opening of the mechanical box body 1 is opened, the side opening is opened, and natural light is used for induction; the sunlight tracking platform is automatically opened to follow the angle of the sunlight; the wind deflector 9 is enabled or disabled according to the heating mode.

[0088] Controllable light induction mode for on-tree fruits: The upper opening of the mechanical box body 1 is closed, the built-in light source 4 is used for induction, the side opening is opened to provide a passage for the on-tree fruits to enter the device; the fruit limiter 22 fixes the on-tree fruits to ensure that the fruits are in a fixed position in the device; the wind deflector 9 is enabled or disabled according to the heating mode.

[0089] Natural light induction mode for on-tree fruits: The upper and side openings of the mechanical box body 1 are opened, and natural light is used for induction; the sunlight tracking platform is closed to prevent the fruits from detaching from the branches; the wind deflector 9 is enabled or disabled according to the heating mode.

[0090] Furthermore, the sunlight tracking platform of the mechanical box body 1 is automatically opened under the natural light induction of off-tree fruits and closed in other modes. The reason is that the sunlight tracking function is only required to be used in the natural light induction mode. In the natural light induction mode for on-tree fruits, starting the sunlight tracking platform may cause the fruits to detach from the branches. Therefore, the sunlight tracking platform is only started in the natural light induction mode for off-tree fruits.

[0091] Furthermore, the function of the wind deflector 9 of the mechanical box body 1 is as follows: The wind deflector 9 is used to prevent the hot air blown out by the heating module 11 from directly contacting the fruit surface when the internal environment of the device changes dynamically, so as to avoid the fruit surface from becoming too dry due to the hot air. In the direct heating mode, the wind deflector 9 is not enabled, and the heating module directly aims at the fruits to change the ambient temperature; in the indirect heating mode, the wind deflector 9 is enabled, and the hot air blown out by the heating module 11 blows around along the edge of the wind deflector 9 to heat the air around the fruits, thereby indirectly affecting the fruits.

[0092] The fruit sunburn induction system includes a lighting module 4, a heating module 11, a humidifying module 18, and a heat dissipation module 10. The lighting module 4 is used to provide light and ultraviolet rays for the fruits. The lighting part can be a fluorescent lamp, an ultraviolet lamp, a plant growth lamp, etc. Preferably, in this example, a full-spectrum solar lamp is used to simulate sunlight, and an ultraviolet lamp is used as the ultraviolet light source in this embodiment for the ultraviolet part; the heating module 11 is used to provide a heat source for the device to increase the temperature; the humidifying module 18 is used to change the ambient humidity; the heat dissipation module 10 is used to evenly distribute the heat generated by the heating module 11 during heating, improve the heating efficiency or accelerate air convection, and reduce the internal environment temperature of the device during cooling.

[0093] The environmental monitoring system includes a light intensity measurement module 15, an ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16, an environmental humidity measurement module 17, and an environmental temperature measurement module 17. The light intensity measurement module 15 is used to measure and calculate the light intensity received by the fruit and upload the data to the main control system. In this embodiment, a light intensity sensor with the model number SONBEST-SM9565 is used; the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 is used to measure and calculate the ultraviolet intensity received by the fruit and upload the data to the main control system. In this embodiment, an ultraviolet intensity sensor with the model number SONBEST-SM9567 is used; the environmental humidity measurement module 17 is used to measure the environmental humidity inside the device and upload the data to the main control system; the environmental temperature measurement module 17 is used to measure the environmental temperature inside the device and upload the data to the main control system. In this embodiment, a temperature and humidity sensor with the model number SONBEST-SM77820C is used.

[0094] The fruit status detection system includes a fruit surface temperature measurement module 12, a fruit surface humidity measurement module 14, and a vision module 13. The fruit surface temperature measurement module 12 is used to collect the fruit surface temperature information, i.e., the fruit surface temperature, and upload the data to the main control system. Preferably, in this embodiment, a thermal imaging module is adopted to achieve non-contact measurement of the fruit; the fruit surface humidity measurement module 14 is used to measure the fruit surface humidity and upload the data to the main control system. Preferably, in this embodiment, a near-infrared spectrum sensor is adopted to achieve non-contact measurement of the fruit; the vision module 13 is used to detect the fruit surface status, judge whether it has suffered from sunburn through a special algorithm, and upload the data to the main control system. In this embodiment, the above three modules are installed on a pan-tilt 8 made of PEEK consumables by 3D printing and with an adjustable angle.

[0095] Furthermore, the visual module 13 adopts the technical means of combining visible light and near-infrared, which can achieve comprehensive monitoring of the internal and external sunburn conditions of citrus and effective evaluation of the degree change. The visible light camera plays a key role in monitoring the sunburn condition on the surface of citrus. By carefully observing the surface of citrus, key information such as the size of sunburn spots, the depth of color, and the degree of wrinkles can be obtained, which provides an important basis for the classification of the sunburn degree of citrus. In the specific analysis process, on the one hand, by deeply analyzing the RGB channel data and using the edge detection algorithm to accurately identify the wrinkles on the surface of citrus, the classification of the sunburn degree can be realized; on the other hand, with the help of manually labeled samples, a classification model is constructed by using machine learning methods represented by the YOLO network, and this model can efficiently and accurately classify citrus with different sunburn degrees. The near-infrared camera shows unique advantages in citrus sunburn monitoring due to its strong penetration and high sensitivity to moisture. When citrus is sunburned, the tissue cells at the sunburn site are damaged, resulting in a decrease in moisture content. The difference in moisture content will significantly affect the near-infrared reflectance. The sunburn site with low moisture content has an increased reflectance in the near-infrared band and appears as a brighter area in the near-infrared image, forming a sharp contrast with the dark area of the normal part. By analyzing the near-infrared image, the sunburn area can be clearly identified, and the effective classification of the sunburn degree of citrus can be realized based on the image features.

[0096] The coordinated application of visible light and near-infrared technologies has significant advantages. Visible light images focus on presenting intuitive features such as surface texture and color, while near-infrared images focus on internal moisture content and structural changes. The information of the two is highly complementary. At the same time, the joint use of the two technologies can greatly improve the accuracy of sunburn recognition and grade classification. When constructing the classification model, fusing the features of visible light and near-infrared images can provide a richer data dimension for the model, making the model more accurate in distinguishing citrus with different sunburn degrees.

[0097] The main control system is controlled by a microcomputer system. Preferably, Raspberry Pi 4B is used as the main control system in this example. The main control system is electrically connected to the fruit sunburn induction system and is used to adjust the output intensity of the fruit sunburn induction system to change the environment in the device; the main control system is electrically connected to the environment detection system and is used to receive environmental information and the main control system feeds back to adjust the fruit sunburn induction system; the main control system is electrically connected to the fruit state detection system and is used to receive information about the fruit state and whether it has sunburn and feedback it to the user. In this embodiment, a light alarm function is added. When the fruit state detection system detects sunburn, the main control system makes corresponding operations to achieve a light alarm; the main control system is electrically connected to the data upload system and is used to package and send the data received by the main control system to the data upload system for uploading and saving to the cloud.

[0098] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 9, the main control module regulates the fruit sunburn induction system through the PID algorithm. PID control generates the control quantity by linearly combining the proportional (P), integral (I), and derivative (D) links of the system deviation, so as to realize the regulation of the controlled object. Among them, Tar(t) represents the target value set by the system, Act(t) represents the actual value of the system, and the difference between the two is the deviation e(t), that is

[0099] e(t) = Tar(t) - Act(t);

[0100] P proportional term: It is adjusted according to the current deviation (the difference between the target value and the actual output). The intensity of the proportional regulation is determined by the proportional coefficient, which affects the sensitivity of the system to the deviation. This term directly reflects the amplitude of the current error and provides the ability of rapid response. Its proportional coefficient K p directly affects the dynamic performance of the system: increasing K p can speed up the response speed and reduce the steady-state error, but may cause overshoot or oscillation.

[0101] I integral term: Eliminate the steady-state error by accumulating the integral of the deviation over time, that is, ensure that the output value is consistent with the target value during long-term operation. The strength of the integral action is adjusted by the integral coefficient K i regulation. However, this term is prone to problems such as integral saturation and overshoot. Generally speaking, K i the larger the more quickly the steady-state error is eliminated, but the more obvious the system hysteresis is.

[0102] D derivative term: It is adjusted based on the rate of change of the deviation (the slope of e(t)), aiming to reduce the overshoot phenomenon and enhance the stability of the system. Its influence is controlled by the derivative coefficient K d control. Since the slope can reflect the future change of e(t), the derivative term has the characteristic of "predictive control in advance". The derivative term provides damping for the system, which can solve the problems of system overshoot and oscillation, but will cause control jitter.

[0103] After the deviation e(t) passes through the PID controller, the output u(t) is obtained, and its mathematical expression is:

[0104]

[0105] Proportional control: After the system starts to run, the main control module obtains the environmental data from the environmental monitoring module every once in a while, and the samples obtained are as follows:

[0106] X1, X2, X3......X k ;

[0107] Let the environmental factor set by the corresponding user be S k , then the difference E k between the measured environmental data and the value set by the user is:

[0108] E k = S k - X k ;

[0109] Let the module output power be P out , when E k > 0, the main control module increases the module output power P out ; when E k < 0, the main control module decreases the module output power P out , and the module output power expression is obtained:

[0110] P out = K p ·E k ;

[0111] where P out is the module proportional control output power, K p is the proportional control coefficient, E k is the difference between the current system environment data and the environment value set by the user, and the above specific values depend on the actual situation.

[0112] Integral control: The difference of the environmental factor obtained above is accumulated to get:

[0113] S E = E1 + E2 +......+ E k ;

[0114] When the system is in a steady state, the integral control output I out maintains the system stability, and the I out formula is as follows:

[0115]

[0116] where I out is the module integral control output power, K i is the integral control coefficient, T is the sampling time, T i represents the integral time, E k is the difference between the current system environment data and the environment value set by the user, S E is the accumulated value of the environmental factor difference E k , and the above specific values depend on the actual situation.

[0117] Differential control: The difference between the two adjacent environmental factor differences is calculated as:

[0118] D k = E k - E k-1 ;

[0119] Dk It can reflect the change trend of environmental factors in two samplings. When D k > 0, the environmental factors tend to increase. When D k = 0, the environmental factors tend to be stable. When D k < 0, the environmental factors tend to decrease. According to the value of D k the differential control output D can be obtained. The expression is as follows: out The expression is:

[0120]

[0121] where K d represents the differential control proportional coefficient, T d represents the differential time, T represents the sampling time, E k is the difference between the current system environmental data and the environmental value set by the user, and D k is the difference between two adjacent Es k .

[0122] Integrating the above formulas, the final output power P of the module is obtained as follows:

[0123]

[0124] If it is desired that the system is fast and stable, a constant u o can be added at the end of the above formula, and the specific value depends on the actual situation.

[0125] The data upload system uses a module that can upload and save data to the cloud. Preferably, in this embodiment, the ESP32 module is used as the data upload system. The data upload system is connected to the main control system and is used to receive the data packaged by the main control system and upload it to the cloud for storage.

[0126] Please refer to Figure 2 , the usage method of the multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device includes the following steps:

[0127] Example 1

[0128] For the controllable light induction mode of off-tree fruits:

[0129] Step S11: Determine to use the controllable light induction mode of off-tree fruits, and the structure of the mechanical box 1 is automatically adjusted.

[0130] Step S12: Set the meteorological elements and dynamic change curves of the fruit induction environment, and the fruit sunburn induction system starts to create the environment.

[0131] Step S13: The device automatically calibrates the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16. The environmental detection system detects the internal environment of the device. The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system according to the information returned by the environmental detection system and sends the information to the data upload system.

[0132] Step S14: After waiting for the internal environment of the device to stabilize under the preset environmental conditions, the main control system issues a prompt message, puts the fruit into the device, fixes the fruit with the limiter 22, and then starts to induce sunburn, sets the heating method, and the main control system starts timing.

[0133] Step S15: The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status and transmits the status information to the main control system. The main control system sends the data to the data upload system.

[0134] Step S16: The data upload system uploads data to the cloud at regular intervals. Preferably, in this example, the data is sent at an interval of every 5S.

[0135] Step S17: The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system at the specified time according to the set environmental change curve to achieve dynamic environmental changes, simulating the dynamic changes of meteorological elements such as light intensity, ultraviolet intensity, and temperature within a period of time in the natural environment. Steps S15 to S17 are repeatedly executed until all sunburn induction work is completed.

[0136] Step S11 further includes the following steps:

[0137] Step S111: Determine to use the controllable light induction working mode for off-tree fruits.

[0138] Step S112: According to the controllable light induction mode for off-tree fruits, the openings above and on the sides of the mechanical box body 1 are closed.

[0139] Step S12 further includes the following steps:

[0140] Step S121: Set the induced environmental meteorological elements, including light intensity E i , ultraviolet intensity UV i , environmental humidity RH i and environmental temperature T i .

[0141] Step S122: The full-spectrum solar lamp of the light source works according to the set light intensity E i , and provides light for the fruit according to the light lamp output power P oL calculated by the formula.

[0142] Step S123: The ultraviolet lamp of the ultraviolet source works according to the set ultraviolet intensity UV i, work according to the ultraviolet lamp output power P calculated by the formula ou to provide ultraviolet rays for the fruits.

[0143] Step S124: The heating module 11 heats the internal environment of the device at the maximum heating power, and the heat dissipation module 10 blows air into the device to accelerate the heating efficiency.

[0144] Step S125: The humidification module 18 starts to work and humidifies the environment through the PID algorithm.

[0145] In step S122, the output power calculation formula of the full-spectrum solar lamp is:

[0146]

[0147] Among them, P oL is the output power of the full-spectrum solar lamp obtained after calculation by the formula, E i is the light intensity value set by the user, E M is the maximum output light intensity of the full-spectrum solar lamp measured by the light intensity measurement module on the fruit surface, P ML is the maximum output power of the full-spectrum solar lamp.

[0148] In step S123, the output power calculation formula of the ultraviolet lamp is:

[0149]

[0150] Among them, P ou is the output power of the ultraviolet lamp obtained after calculation by the formula, UV i is the ultraviolet intensity value set by the user, UV L is the ultraviolet intensity generated by the light source, UV Mu is the maximum output ultraviolet intensity of the ultraviolet lamp measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module on the fruit surface, P Mu is the maximum output power of the ultraviolet lamp.

[0151] UV L The calculation formula of is:

[0152]

[0153] Among them, P oL is the output power of the lighting lamp, P ML is the maximum output power of the lighting lamp, UV ML is the maximum ultraviolet intensity value that the lighting lamp can output on the fruit surface.

[0154] Please refer to Figure 3 , step S13 further includes the following steps:

[0155] Step S131: The first telescopic rod 51 extends to move the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to the position of the fruit, measure the light intensity and ultraviolet intensity at this place. After the measurement, the first telescopic rod 51 moves back to the original position, that is, the position where the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 measure data during fruit induction, measure the light intensity and ultraviolet intensity at this place, and calibrate the data measurement formulas of the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 through the written program algorithm.

[0156] Step S132: The temperature measurement module 17 obtains the ambient temperature value T e , and returns the ambient temperature information to the main control system.

[0157] Step S133: The light intensity measurement module 15 measures the light intensity at the current position, and obtains the light intensity value E on the fruit surface through the formula e , and returns the light intensity information on the fruit surface to the main control system.

[0158] Step S134: The ultraviolet measurement module 16 measures the ultraviolet intensity at the current position, and obtains the ultraviolet intensity value UV on the fruit surface through the formula e , and returns the ultraviolet intensity information on the fruit surface to the main control system.

[0159] Step S135: The ambient humidity measurement module 17 obtains the ambient humidity and returns the ambient humidity information to the main control system.

[0160] Step S136: The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system according to the returned ambient data. When the temperature reaches the preset temperature, the heat dissipation module 10 stops blowing, and the heating power of the heating module 11 is converted into the heating power P calculated by the formula o for heating. After a period of time, the ambient temperature is detected again and the temperature is stabilized at the preset temperature T by using PID control i .

[0161] In step S133, the light intensity measurement module 15 obtains the light intensity E on the fruit surface e The calculation formula is:

[0162] E e = E m ·η e ;

[0163] Among them, E e is the light intensity on the fruit surface, E m is the light intensity measured by the light intensity detection module 15, and η e is the ratio of the light intensity measured by the light intensity measurement module 15 to the light intensity at the position where the fruit surface is located.

[0164] η e The calculation formula for... is as follows:

[0165]

[0166] Among them, E et is the light intensity at the position of the fruit surface during device calibration, and E mt is the measured light intensity at the measurement location after the light intensity measurement module 15 returns to its original position during device calibration.

[0167] In step S134, the calculation formula for the ultraviolet measurement module 16 to obtain the ultraviolet intensity on the fruit surface is:

[0168] UV e = UV m ·η u ;

[0169] Among them, UV e is the ultraviolet intensity on the fruit surface, UV m is the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16, and η u is the ratio of the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to the ultraviolet intensity at the position where the fruit surface is located.

[0170] η u The calculation formula for... is as follows:

[0171]

[0172] Among them, UV et is the ultraviolet intensity at the position of the fruit surface during device calibration, and UV mt is the measured ultraviolet intensity at the measurement location after the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 returns to its original position during device calibration.

[0173] In step S136, the calculation formula for the output power of the heating module 11 is:

[0174]

[0175] Among them, P o is the heating power of the heating module 11 obtained after formula calculation, Q is the heat required for heating, η is the heating efficiency, t is the time required for heating, and Q loss is the heat loss.

[0176] The calculation formula for the heat Q required for heating is:

[0177] Q = m·C·ΔT;

[0178] In the formula, m is the mass of air, C is the specific heat capacity of air, and ΔT is the change value of temperature.

[0179] The calculation formula for air quality is as follows:

[0180] m = ρ·V;

[0181] In the formula, ρ is the air density and V is the volume of the space.

[0182] The heat loss Q loss The calculation formula is as follows:

[0183]

[0184] In the formula, k is the thermal conductivity of the device wall material, A is the surface area of the device wall, d is the wall thickness, and ΔT is the temperature difference between both sides of the wall.

[0185] Step S14 further includes the following steps:

[0186] Step S141: After waiting for step S13 to complete the environment creation, the main control system sends out a prompt message indicating that the environment construction is completed.

[0187] Step S142: Click the opening button of the mechanical box body 1, and the opening above the mechanical box body 1 automatically opens to facilitate placing the fruits.

[0188] Step S143: Put the test fruits into the mechanical box body 1 and fix the fruits with the limiter 22.

[0189] Step S144: Click the closing button of the mechanical box body 1, and according to the controllable light induction mode of the off-tree fruits, the openings above and on the side of the mechanical box body 1 automatically close.

[0190] Step S145: According to the controllable light induction mode of the off-tree fruits, the sunlight tracking platform closes.

[0191] Step S146: Set the heating mode for the subsequent environmental changes of the device. If it is the direct heating mode, the wind deflector is not enabled. If it is the indirect heating mode, the wind deflector 9 is enabled.

[0192] Step S147: The main control system starts timing to prepare for the dynamic environmental changes.

[0193] Step S15 further includes the following steps:

[0194] Step S151: The fruit surface humidity measurement module 12 reads the fruit surface temperature and returns the fruit surface temperature data to the main control system.

[0195] Step S152: The fruit surface humidity measurement module 14 obtains the fruit surface humidity and returns the fruit surface humidity information to the main control system.

[0196] Step S153: The vision module 13 aligns with the fruit to observe the situation of the light-receiving surface of the fruit. After detecting mild, moderate, and severe sunburn conditions, it respectively feeds back status signals to the main control system and saves and sends the picture information to the data upload system.

[0197] Step S154: The main control system collates the data of the environmental temperature inside the device, the light intensity on the fruit surface, the ultraviolet intensity on the fruit surface, the humidity on the fruit surface, the temperature on the fruit surface, and the fruit sunburn situation into a data packet and sends it to the data upload system.

[0198] Embodiment 2

[0199] For the controllable light induction mode of fruits on the tree:

[0200] Step S21: Determine to use the controllable light induction mode for fruits on the tree, and the structure of the mechanical box body 1 is automatically adjusted.

[0201] Step S22: Set the meteorological elements and dynamic change curves of the fruit induction environment, and the fruit sunburn induction system starts to create the environment.

[0202] Step S23: The device automatically calibrates the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16. The environmental detection system detects the environment inside the device. The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system according to the information returned by the environmental detection system and sends the information to the data upload system.

[0203] Step S24: After waiting for the environment inside the device to stabilize at the preset environmental conditions, the main control system issues a prompt message, puts the fruit into the device, fixes the fruit with the limiter 22, and then starts to induce sunburn, sets the heating method, and the main control system starts timing.

[0204] Step S25: The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status and transmits the status information to the main control system. The main control system sends the data to the data upload system.

[0205] Step S26: The data upload system uploads data to the cloud at regular intervals. Preferably, in this example, the data is sent at an interval of every 5S.

[0206] Step S27: The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system at the specified time according to the set environmental change curve to achieve dynamic environmental changes, simulating the dynamic changes of meteorological elements such as light intensity, ultraviolet intensity, and air temperature within a period of time in the natural environment. Steps S25 to S27 are repeatedly executed until all sunburn induction work is completed.

[0207] Step S21 further includes the following steps:

[0208] Step S211: Determine to use the controllable light induction working mode for fruits on the tree.

[0209] Step S212: According to the controllable light induction mode of the fruits on the tree, the opening above the mechanical box body 1 is closed, and the opening on the side is opened.

[0210] Step S22 further includes the following steps:

[0211] Step S221: Set the induced environmental meteorological elements, including light intensity E i , ultraviolet intensity UV i , environmental humidity RH i and environmental temperature T i .

[0212] Step S222: The full-spectrum solar lamp of the light source works according to the set light intensity E i , and provides light for the fruits according to the light lamp output power P calculated by the formula oL .

[0213] Step S223: The ultraviolet lamp of the ultraviolet source works according to the set ultraviolet intensity UV i , and provides ultraviolet for the fruits according to the ultraviolet lamp output power P calculated by the formula ou .

[0214] Step S224: The heating module heats the environment inside the device with the maximum heating power, and the heat dissipation module blows air into the device to accelerate the heating efficiency.

[0215] Step S225: The humidification module starts to work and humidifies the environment through the PID algorithm.

[0216] In step S222, the output power calculation formula of the full-spectrum solar lamp is:

[0217]

[0218] Among them, P oL is the output power of the full-spectrum solar lamp obtained after calculation by the formula, E i is the light intensity value set by the user, E M is the maximum output light intensity of the full-spectrum solar lamp measured by the light intensity measurement module on the fruit surface, P ML is the maximum output power of the full-spectrum solar lamp.

[0219] In step S223, the output power calculation formula of the ultraviolet lamp is:

[0220]

[0221] Among them, P ou is the output power of the ultraviolet lamp obtained after calculation by the formula, UV iThe UV intensity value set for the user, UV L The UV intensity generated by the light source, UV Mu The maximum output UV intensity of the UV lamp measured by the UV intensity measurement module at the fruit surface, P Mu Is the maximum output power of the UV lamp.

[0222] UV L The calculation formula of is:

[0223]

[0224] Among them, P oL Is the output power of the lighting lamp, P ML Is the maximum output power of the lighting lamp, UV ML Is the maximum UV intensity value that the lighting lamp can output at the fruit surface.

[0225] Please refer to Figure 3 、 4 , step S23 further includes the following steps:

[0226] Step S231: The first telescopic rod 51 extends, so that the light intensity measurement module 15 and the UV intensity measurement module 16 move to the fruit position, measure the light intensity and UV intensity at that place. After the measurement, the first telescopic rod 51 moves back to its original position, that is, the position where the light intensity measurement module 15 and the UV intensity measurement module 16 measure data during fruit induction, measure the light intensity and UV intensity at that place, and calibrate the data measurement formulas of the light intensity measurement module 15 and the UV intensity measurement module 16 through the written program algorithm.

[0227] Step S232: The temperature measurement module 17 obtains the ambient temperature value T e , and returns the ambient temperature information to the main control system.

[0228] Step S233: The light intensity measurement module 15 measures the light intensity at the location, and obtains the light intensity value E on the fruit surface through the formula e , and returns the light intensity information on the fruit surface to the main control system.

[0229] Step S234: The UV measurement module 16 measures the UV intensity at the location, and obtains the UV intensity value UV on the fruit surface through the formula e , and returns the UV intensity information on the fruit surface to the main control system.

[0230] Step S235: The ambient humidity measurement module 17 obtains the ambient humidity and returns the ambient humidity information to the main control system.

[0231] Step S236: The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system according to the returned environmental data. When the temperature reaches the preset temperature, the cooling module 10 stops blowing air, and the heating power of the heating module 11 is converted to the heating power P calculated by the formula. o Then heat. After a period of time, the environmental temperature is detected again and PID control is used to stabilize the temperature at the preset temperature T. i .

[0232] In step S233, the light intensity measurement module 15 obtains the light intensity E on the surface of the fruit. e The calculation formula is:

[0233] E e = E m ·η e ;

[0234] Among them, E e is the light intensity on the surface of the fruit, E m is the light intensity measured by the light intensity detection module, and η e is the ratio of the light intensity measured by the light intensity measurement module 15 to the light intensity at the position where the fruit surface is located.

[0235] η e The calculation formula is:

[0236]

[0237] Among them, E et is the light intensity at the position of the fruit surface during device calibration, and E mt is the light intensity measured at the measurement location after the light intensity measurement module 15 returns to its position during device calibration.

[0238] In step S234, the ultraviolet measurement module 16 obtains the ultraviolet intensity UV on the surface of the fruit. e The calculation formula is:

[0239] UV e = UV m ·η u ;

[0240] Among them, UV e is the ultraviolet intensity on the surface of the fruit, UV m is the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module, and η u is the ratio of the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to the ultraviolet intensity at the position where the fruit surface is located.

[0241] η u The calculation formula is:

[0242]

[0243] Among them, UV et is the ultraviolet intensity at the position of the fruit surface during device calibration, and UV mt is the ultraviolet intensity measured at the measurement location after the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 returns to its original position during device calibration.

[0244] In step S236, the calculation formula for the output power of the heating module 11 is:

[0245]

[0246] Among them, P o is the heating power of the heating module 11 obtained after formula calculation, Q is the heat required for heating, η is the heating efficiency, t is the time required for heating, and Q loss is the heat loss.

[0247] The calculation formula for the heat required for heating Q is:

[0248] Q = m·C·ΔT;

[0249] In the formula, m is the mass of air, C is the specific heat capacity of air, and ΔT is the change value of temperature.

[0250] The calculation formula for the mass of air is:

[0251] m = ρ·V;

[0252] In the formula, ρ is the air density and V is the volume of the space.

[0253] The heat loss Q loss The calculation formula is:

[0254]

[0255] In the formula, k is the thermal conductivity of the device wall material, A is the surface area of the device wall, d is the wall thickness, and ΔT is the temperature difference between both sides of the wall.

[0256] Step S24 further includes the following steps:

[0257] Step S241: After waiting for the environment creation in step S23 to be completed, the main control system sends out a prompt message indicating that the environment construction is completed.

[0258] Step S242: Click the opening button of the mechanical box 1, and the opening above the mechanical box 1 will automatically open to facilitate placing the fruit.

[0259] Step S243: Move the device so that the fruit on the tree is near the fruit limiter 22, fix the fruit at an appropriate angle with the limiter 22, and remove the branches and leaves that affect the device's induction of sunburn and measurement data.

[0260] Step S244: Click the close button of the mechanical box body 1. According to the controllable light induction mode of the fruits on the tree, the opening above the mechanical box body automatically closes, and the opening on the side remains open.

[0261] Step S245: According to the controllable light induction mode of the fruits on the tree, the sunlight tracking platform closes.

[0262] Step S246: Set the heating mode for the subsequent environmental changes of the device. If it is the direct heating mode, the wind deflector is not enabled. If it is the indirect heating mode, the wind deflector 9 is enabled.

[0263] Step S247: The main control system starts timing to prepare for the dynamic environmental changes.

[0264] Step S25 further includes the following steps:

[0265] Step S251: The fruit surface temperature measurement module 12 reads the fruit surface temperature and returns the fruit surface temperature data to the main control system.

[0266] Step S252: The fruit surface humidity measurement module 14 obtains the fruit surface humidity and returns the fruit surface humidity information to the main control system.

[0267] Step S253: The vision module 13 aligns with the fruit to observe the situation of the fruit's light-receiving surface. After detecting mild, moderate, and severe sunburn conditions, it respectively feeds back status signals to the main control system and saves and sends the picture information to the data upload system.

[0268] Step S254: The main control system collates the data of the environmental temperature inside the device, the fruit surface light intensity, the fruit surface ultraviolet intensity, the fruit surface humidity, the fruit surface temperature, and the fruit sunburn situation into a data packet and sends it to the data upload system.

[0269] Embodiment 3

[0270] For the natural light induction mode of off-tree fruits:

[0271] Step S31: Determine to use the natural light induction mode of off-tree fruits, and the structure of the mechanical box body 1 automatically adjusts.

[0272] Step S32: Set the meteorological elements and dynamic change curves of the fruit induction environment, and the fruit sunburn induction system starts to create the environment.

[0273] Step S33: The device automatically calibrates the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16. The environmental detection system detects the environment inside the device. The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system according to the information returned by the environmental detection system and sends the information to the data upload system.

[0274] Step S34: After waiting for the environment inside the device to stabilize under the preset environmental conditions, the main control system sends a prompt message, places the fruit into the device, fixes the fruit with the limiter 22, then starts inducing sunburn, sets the heating method, and the main control system starts timing.

[0275] Step S35: The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status and transmits the status information to the main control system, and the main control system sends the data to the data upload system.

[0276] Step S36: The data upload system uploads data to the cloud at regular intervals. Preferably, in this example, the data is sent at an interval of every 5S.

[0277] Step S37: The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system at the specified time according to the set environmental change curve to achieve dynamic environmental changes, simulating the dynamic changes of meteorological elements such as light intensity, ultraviolet intensity, and air temperature within a period of time in the natural environment, and repeatedly executes Step S35 to Step S37 until all sunburn induction work is completed.

[0278] Step S31 further includes the following steps:

[0279] Step S311: Determine to use the natural light induction working mode for off-tree fruits.

[0280] Step S312: According to the natural light induction mode for off-tree fruits, the opening above the mechanical box body 1 is opened, and the side opening is opened.

[0281] Step S32 further includes the following steps:

[0282] Step S321: Set the meteorological elements of the induction environment, including environmental humidity RH i and environmental temperature T i .

[0283] Step S322: The heating module 11 heats the environment inside the device with the maximum heating power, and the heat dissipation module 10 blows air into the device to accelerate the heating efficiency.

[0284] Step S323: The humidification module 18 starts to work and humidifies the environment through the PID algorithm.

[0285] Please refer to Figure 3 、 4 , Step S33 further includes the following steps:

[0286] Step S331: The first telescopic rod 51 extends to move the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to the fruit position, measure the light intensity and ultraviolet intensity at this position. After the measurement, the first telescopic rod 51 moves back to its original position, that is, the position where the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 measure data during fruit induction, measure the light intensity and ultraviolet intensity at this position, and calibrate the data measurement formulas of the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 through the written program algorithm.

[0287] Step S332: The temperature measurement module 17 obtains the ambient temperature value T e , and returns the ambient temperature information to the main control system.

[0288] Step S333: The light intensity measurement module 15 measures the light intensity at the location where it is located, and obtains the light intensity value E on the fruit surface through the formula e , and returns the light intensity information on the fruit surface to the main control system.

[0289] Step S334: The ultraviolet measurement module 16 measures the ultraviolet intensity at the location where it is located, and obtains the ultraviolet intensity value UV on the fruit surface through the formula e , and returns the ultraviolet intensity information on the fruit surface to the main control system.

[0290] Step S335: The ambient humidity measurement module 17 obtains the ambient humidity and returns the ambient humidity information to the main control system.

[0291] Step S336: The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system according to the returned environmental data. When the temperature reaches the preset temperature, the heat dissipation module 10 stops blowing, and the heating power of the heating module 11 is converted into the heating power P calculated by the formula o for heating. After a period of time, the ambient temperature is detected again and the temperature is stabilized at the preset temperature T by using PID control i .

[0292] In step S333, the light intensity measurement module 15 obtains the light intensity E on the fruit surface e The calculation formula is:

[0293] E e = E m ·η e ;

[0294] Among them, E e is the light intensity on the fruit surface, E m is the light intensity measured by the light intensity detection module 15, and η e is the ratio of the light intensity measured by the light intensity measurement module 15 to the light intensity at the position where the fruit surface is located.

[0295] η e The calculation formula for

[0296]

[0297] where E et is the light intensity at the position of the fruit surface during device calibration, and E mt is the measured light intensity at the measurement location after the light intensity measurement module 15 returns to its original position during device calibration.

[0298] In step S334, the ultraviolet measurement module 16 obtains the ultraviolet intensity UV e The calculation formula for

[0299] UV e = UV m ·η u ;

[0300] where UV e is the ultraviolet intensity at the fruit surface, and UV m is the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16, and η u is the ratio of the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to the ultraviolet intensity at the position where the fruit surface is located.

[0301] η u The calculation formula for

[0302]

[0303] where UV et is the ultraviolet intensity at the fruit surface position during device calibration, and UV mt is the measured ultraviolet intensity at the measurement location after the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 returns to its original position during device calibration.

[0304] In step S336, the calculation formula for the output power of the heating module 11 is:

[0305]

[0306] where P o is the heating power of the heating module obtained after formula calculation, Q is the heat required for heating, η is the heating efficiency, t is the time required for heating, and Q loss is the heat loss.

[0307] The calculation formula for the heat Q required for heating is:

[0308] Q = m·C·ΔT;

[0309] In the formula, m is the mass of air, C is the specific heat capacity of air, and ΔT is the temperature change value.

[0310] The calculation formula for air quality is:

[0311] m = ρ·V;

[0312] In the formula, ρ is the air density and V is the volume of the space.

[0313] Heat loss Q loss The calculation formula is:

[0314]

[0315] In the formula, k is the thermal conductivity of the device wall material, A is the surface area of the device wall, d is the wall thickness, and ΔT is the temperature difference between both sides of the wall.

[0316] Step S34 further includes the following steps:

[0317] Step S341: After waiting for the environment creation in step S33 to be completed, the main control system sends out a prompt message indicating that the environment construction is completed.

[0318] Step S342: Click the opening button of the mechanical box body 1, and the opening above the mechanical box body 1 automatically opens to facilitate placing the fruits.

[0319] Step S343: Put the test fruits into the mechanical box body 1, select the appropriate side to align with the irradiation direction of the light module 4, and fix the fruits with the limiter 22.

[0320] Step S344: Click the closing button of the mechanical box body 1. According to the natural light induction mode of the fruits off the tree, the opening above the mechanical box body 1 remains open, and the side opening remains open.

[0321] Step S345: According to the natural light induction mode of the fruits off the tree, the sunlight tracking platform is turned on.

[0322] Step S346: Set the heating mode for the subsequent environmental changes of the device. If it is the direct heating mode, the wind deflector 9 is not enabled. If it is the indirect heating mode, the wind deflector 9 is enabled.

[0323] Step S347: The main control system starts timing to prepare for the dynamic environmental changes.

[0324] Step S35 further includes the following steps:

[0325] Step S351: The fruit surface temperature measurement module 12 reads the fruit surface temperature and returns the fruit surface temperature data to the main control system.

[0326] Step S352: The fruit surface humidity measurement module 14 obtains the fruit surface humidity and returns the fruit surface humidity information to the main control system.

[0327] Step S353: The vision module 13 aligns with the fruit to observe the situation of the light-receiving surface of the fruit. After detecting mild, moderate, and severe sunburn conditions, it respectively feeds back status signals to the main control system and saves and sends the picture information to the data uploading system.

[0328] Step S354: The main control system collates the data of the environmental temperature inside the device, the light intensity on the fruit surface, the ultraviolet intensity on the fruit surface, the humidity on the fruit surface, the temperature on the fruit surface, and the sunburn condition of the fruit into a data packet and sends it to the data uploading system.

[0329] Example 4

[0330] For the natural light induction mode of fruits on the tree:

[0331] Step S41: Determine to use the natural light induction mode for fruits on the tree, and the structure of the mechanical box body 1 is automatically adjusted.

[0332] Step S42: Set the meteorological elements and dynamic change curves of the fruit induction environment, and the fruit sunburn induction system starts to create the environment.

[0333] Step S43: The device automatically calibrates the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16. The environmental detection system detects the environment inside the device. The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system according to the information returned by the environmental detection system and sends the information to the data uploading system.

[0334] Step S44: After waiting for the environment inside the device to stabilize under the preset environmental conditions, the main control system issues a prompt message, puts the fruit into the device, fixes the fruit with the limiter 22, and then starts to induce sunburn, sets the heating method, and the main control system starts timing.

[0335] Step S45: The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status and transmits the status information to the main control system. The main control system sends the data to the data uploading system.

[0336] Step S46: The data uploading system uploads data to the cloud at regular intervals. Preferably, in this example, the data is sent at intervals of every 5S.

[0337] Step S47: The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system at the specified time according to the set environmental change curve to achieve dynamic environmental changes, simulating the dynamic changes of meteorological elements such as light intensity, ultraviolet intensity, and air temperature in a natural environment for a period of time. Repeat steps S45 to S47 until all sunburn induction work is completed.

[0338] Step S41 further includes the following steps:

[0339] Step S411: Determine to use the natural light induction working mode for fruits on the tree.

[0340] Step S412: According to the natural light induction mode of the fruits on the tree, the opening above the mechanical box body 1 is opened, and the opening on the side is opened.

[0341] Step S42 further includes the following steps:

[0342] Step S421: Set the induced environmental meteorological elements, including environmental humidity RH i and environmental temperature T i .

[0343] Step S422: The heating module 11 heats the internal environment of the device with the maximum heating power, and the heat dissipation module 10 blows air into the device to accelerate the heating efficiency.

[0344] Step S423: The humidification module 18 starts to work and humidifies the environment through the PID algorithm.

[0345] Please refer to Figure 3 , 4 , step S43 further includes the following steps:

[0346] Step S431: The first telescopic rod 51 extends, so that the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 move to the fruit position, measure the light intensity and ultraviolet intensity at that place. After the measurement is completed, the first telescopic rod 51 moves back to its original position, that is, the position where the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 measure data during the fruit induction of the device, measure the light intensity and ultraviolet intensity at that place, and calibrate the data measurement formulas of the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 through the written program algorithm.

[0347] Step S432: The temperature measurement module 17 obtains the environmental temperature value T e , and returns the environmental temperature information to the main control system.

[0348] Step S433: The light intensity measurement module 15 measures the light intensity at the location where it is located, and obtains the light intensity value E on the fruit surface through the formula e , and returns the light intensity information on the fruit surface to the main control system.

[0349] Step S434: The ultraviolet measurement module 16 measures the ultraviolet intensity at the location where it is located, and obtains the ultraviolet intensity value UV on the fruit surface through the formula e , and returns the ultraviolet intensity information on the fruit surface to the main control system.

[0350] Step S435: The environmental humidity measurement module 17 obtains the environmental humidity and returns the environmental humidity information to the main control system.

[0351] Step S436: The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system according to the returned environmental data. When the temperature reaches the preset temperature, the cooling module 10 stops blowing, and the heating power of the heating module 11 is converted to the heating power P calculated by the formula. o Then heat. After a period of time, the environmental temperature is detected again and PID control is used to stabilize the temperature at the preset temperature T. i .

[0352] In step S433, the light intensity measurement module 15 obtains the light intensity E on the fruit surface. e The calculation formula is:

[0353] E e = E m ·η e ;

[0354] Among them, E e is the light intensity on the fruit surface, E m is the light intensity measured by the light intensity detection module, and η e is the ratio of the light intensity measured by the light intensity measurement module 15 to the light intensity at the position where the fruit surface is located.

[0355] η e The calculation formula is:

[0356]

[0357] Among them, E et is the light intensity at the fruit surface position during device calibration, and E mt is the light intensity measured at the measurement location after the light intensity measurement module 15 returns to its position during device calibration.

[0358] In step S434, the ultraviolet measurement module obtains the ultraviolet intensity UV on the fruit surface. e The calculation formula is:

[0359] UV e = UV m ·η u ;

[0360] Among them, UV e is the ultraviolet intensity on the fruit surface, UV m is the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module, and η u is the ratio of the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to the ultraviolet intensity at the position where the fruit surface is located.

[0361] η u The calculation formula is:

[0362]

[0363] Among them, UV et is the ultraviolet intensity at the position of the fruit surface during device calibration, and UV mt is the ultraviolet intensity measured at the measurement location after the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 returns to its original position during device calibration.

[0364] In step S436, the calculation formula for the output power of the heating module 11 is:

[0365]

[0366] Among them, P o is the heating power of the heating module 11 obtained after formula calculation, Q is the heat required for heating, η is the heating efficiency, t is the time required for heating, and Q loss is the heat loss.

[0367] The calculation formula for the heat required for heating Q is:

[0368] Q = m·C·ΔT;

[0369] In the formula, m is the mass of air, C is the specific heat capacity of air, and ΔT is the change value of temperature.

[0370] The calculation formula for the mass of air is:

[0371] m = ρ·V;

[0372] In the formula, ρ is the air density and V is the volume of the space.

[0373] The heat loss Q loss The calculation formula is:

[0374]

[0375] In the formula, k is the thermal conductivity of the device wall material, A is the surface area of the device wall, d is the wall thickness, and ΔT is the temperature difference between both sides of the wall.

[0376] Step S44 further includes the following steps:

[0377] Step S441: After waiting for step S43 to complete the environment creation, the main control system sends out a prompt message indicating that the environment construction is completed.

[0378] Step S442: Click the start button of the mechanical box 1, and the opening above the mechanical box 1 will automatically open to facilitate placing the fruit.

[0379] Step S443: Move the device so that the fruit on the tree is near the fruit limiter 22, fix the fruit at an appropriate angle with the limiter 22, and remove the branches and leaves that affect the device's induction of sunburn and measurement data.

[0380] Step S444: Click the close button of the mechanical box 1. According to the natural light induction mode of the fruits on the tree, the opening above the mechanical box remains open, and the side opening also remains open.

[0381] Step S445: According to the natural light induction mode of the fruits on the tree, the sunlight tracking platform closes.

[0382] Step S446: Set the heating mode for the subsequent environmental changes of the device. If it is the direct heating mode, the wind deflector 9 is not enabled; if it is the indirect heating mode, the wind deflector is enabled.

[0383] Step S447: The main control system starts timing to prepare for the dynamic environmental changes.

[0384] Step S45 further includes the following steps:

[0385] Step S451: The fruit surface temperature measurement module 12 reads the fruit surface temperature and returns the fruit surface temperature data to the main control system.

[0386] Step S452: The fruit surface humidity measurement module 14 obtains the fruit surface humidity and returns the fruit surface humidity information to the main control system.

[0387] Step S453: The vision module 13 aligns with the fruit to observe the situation of the light-receiving surface of the fruit. After detecting mild, moderate, and severe sunburn situations, it respectively feeds back status signals to the main control system, and saves and sends the picture information to the data upload system.

[0388] Step S454: The main control system collates the data of the environmental temperature, fruit surface light intensity, fruit surface ultraviolet intensity, fruit surface humidity, fruit surface temperature, and fruit sunburn situation in the device into a data packet and sends it to the data upload system.

[0389] Finally, compared with the prior art, the multi-mode fruit induction device of the present invention has the following effects: Automatically calibrate the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 before each induction to ensure the accuracy of data measurement. All data measurements do not contact the fruit, reducing the impact on the fruit. It can simulate the dynamic changes in the natural environment and meet the user's needs for a dynamically changing environment.

[0390] Through the design of the special mechanical box 1 structure with variable morphology and the fruit limiter 22, the device of the present invention supports four different fruit sunburn induction modes, is applicable to a variety of experimental scenarios, and can induce fruits indoors. Through the opening design of the mechanical box 1, the fruit can be induced to have sunburn without detaching from the fruit tree, reducing the loss and damage to the fruit, having little impact on the fruit development, and making the induction experiment more realistic.

[0391] The present invention realizes the precise control of light intensity, ultraviolet intensity, ambient temperature and humidity by creating a small environment in a relatively enclosed space, meeting the needs of targeted research.

[0392] Before each induction, the present invention automatically calibrates the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to ensure the accuracy of data measurement. The light source and the ultraviolet source can be flexibly replaced, reducing the influence of the aging of the light source and the ultraviolet source on data measurement.

[0393] Under the natural light induction mode of the fruit away from the tree, the present invention can automatically follow the sun, and the size of the fruit limiter can be adjusted, which is applicable to various fruits.

[0394] The present invention can monitor the sunburn induction environment and the fruit situation in real time and upload data, can automatically detect whether the fruit has sunburn and upload picture information, and realizes the transparency of the fruit sunburn process, and the fruit situation data at any time can be viewed.

[0395] All data measurements of the present invention do not contact the fruit, reducing the influence on the fruit.

[0396] Through the design of the wind shield 9 that can be selectively used, the present invention realizes two different heating methods. In the indirect heating mode, the wind shield 9 blocks the hot air blown out by the heating module, avoiding the situation that the hot air directly contacts the fruit surface and then causes the fruit surface to be dried and become abnormally dry.

[0397] The present invention can simulate the dynamic changes in the natural environment and meet the needs of users for a dynamically changing environment.

[0398] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as the specific structures and characteristics disclosed in the solutions is not described in detail here. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device, characterized in that Including: A mechanical box body (1) for switching induction modes; A fruit sunburn induction system, including a lighting module (4), a heating module (11), a humidifying module (18) and a heat dissipation module (10), for providing an environment for fruit sunburn to occur; An environment monitoring system, including a light intensity measurement module (15), an ultraviolet intensity measurement module (16) and an ambient temperature and humidity measurement module (17), for real-time monitoring of the environmental information inside the mechanical box body (1); A fruit status detection system, including a fruit surface temperature measurement module (12), a fruit surface humidity measurement module (14) and a vision module (13), for detecting the real-time status of the fruit and judging whether sunburn has occurred; A main control system for receiving environmental data and fruit status information and controlling the operation of related modules; A data uploading system for uploading the data detected by the device to the cloud for recording.

2. The multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device according to claim 1, wherein, The mechanical box body (1) includes: A housing, with an upper opening and a side opening provided on the housing. A top cover (3) is provided at the upper opening, and a side cover (2) is provided at the side opening. Different induction modes are switched by controlling the opening.

3. The multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device according to claim 2, characterized in that The different induction modes include: A controllable light induction mode for off-tree fruits, with the upper opening and the side opening closed, and an internal light source is used for induction; A natural light induction mode for off-tree fruits, with the upper opening open and the side opening open, and natural light is used for induction; A controllable light induction mode for on-tree fruits, with the upper opening closed and the side opening open, providing a passage for on-tree fruits to enter, and an internal light source is used for induction; A natural light induction mode for on-tree fruits, with the upper opening and the side opening open, using natural light for induction and providing a passage for fruits to enter.

4. The multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A slide rail assembly (21) is provided inside the housing. A slider (28) is provided on the slide rail assembly (21). A first telescopic rod (51) is provided on the slider (28). The light intensity measurement module (15) and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module (16) are arranged at the output end of the first telescopic rod (51) for changing the positions of the light intensity measurement module (15) and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module (16). A fruit limiter (22) is provided inside the housing. The fruit limiter (22) is a bionic mechanical claw for fixing fruits.

5. The multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device according to claim 4, wherein, A wind baffle (9) is provided inside the housing. The wind baffle (9) is installed on the housing through a first servo motor (7) for defining the air flow direction of the heating module (10).

6. The multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device according to claim 5, wherein, A solar tracking platform is provided at the bottom of the housing, automatically following the angle of sunlight. The solar tracking platform includes a mounting plate (27), a hinged rod (23) and a stepping motor (24). The hinged rod (23) is arranged between the mounting plate (27) and the housing, and the stepping motor (24) is connected to the hinged rod (23).

7. The multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main control system controls the operation of the device in the following ways: Receiving the environmental data fed back by the environment monitoring system and regulating the output intensity of the fruit sunburn induction system; Receiving the fruit status information fed back by the fruit status detection system and judging whether sunburn has occurred to the fruit; Pack the environmental data and fruit status information and send them to the data upload system for uploading to the cloud for recording; According to the timing function in the main control system, adjust the output intensity of the fruit sunburn induction system at the corresponding time according to the environmental factor change curve set by the user to make the environment in the device change dynamically.

8. The multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device according to claim 7, wherein, The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status in the following ways: The fruit surface temperature measurement module collects the fruit surface temperature information; The fruit surface humidity measurement module measures the fruit surface humidity; The vision module detects the fruit surface status and judges whether sunburn occurs through an algorithm.

9. The multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device according to claim 8, wherein, The data upload system uploads the data to the cloud through wireless communication, including text data and picture data, and supports users to view the environmental data and fruit status information in the device at any time.

10. The method of using the multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device according to claim 9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Determine the used fruit sunburn induction mode, and the mechanical box automatically adjusts its structure according to the induction mode; S2. Set the environmental meteorological elements and dynamic change curve of the fruit induction environment, and the fruit sunburn induction system starts to create the environment; S3. Calibrate the light intensity measurement module and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module, the environmental detection system detects the environment in the mechanical box, the main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system according to the information fed back by the environmental detection system, and sends the information to the data upload system; S4. After waiting for the environment in the mechanical box to stabilize at the preset conditions, the main control system sends a prompt message, puts the fruit into the mechanical box and fixes it with the fruit limiter, then starts the sunburn induction, sets the heating method, and the main control system starts timing; S5. The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status and transmits the status information to the main control system, and the main control system sends the data to the data upload system; S6. The data upload system uploads the data to the cloud at regular intervals; S7. The main control system regulates the fruit sunburn induction system according to the preset environmental change curve to simulate the dynamic changes in the natural environment, and repeatedly executes steps S5 to S7 until all sunburn induction work is completed.

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