Wet cloth bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization

Abstract

The invention discloses a wet-type cloth bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization, which belongs to the technical field of industrial flue gas separation and purification, and comprises a box body, a storage assembly, a spray head, a fixed polar plate assembly, a mobile electrode assembly, a filter bag assembly, a cathode assembly and a motor assembly, a storage cavity is formed in the middle of the box body, an air inlet and an air outlet are formed in the front end and the rear end of the storage cavity, and the air inlet is communicated with the air outlet; the storage assembly is arranged below the box body, and the spray head is arranged on one side of the air inlet; the fixed electrode plate assembly and the movable electrode assembly are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the accommodating cavity; the filter bag assemblies are arranged among the plurality of fixed polar plates, the cathode assemblies are arranged among the filter bag assemblies, and the motor assembly drives an anode chain plate of the movable motor assembly to rotate. Multi-stage dust removal is achieved through coupling nesting of the filter bag assembly and the fixed pole plate assembly and the rear movable electrode assembly, and efficient adsorption dust removal can be conducted on passing gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of industrial flue gas separation and purification, and particularly relates to a wet bag filter dust collector optimized based on a moving electrode. Background Art

[0002] Although the bag filter has a high filtration efficiency, it has problems such as high operating resistance, easy clogging of the filter bag, and short service life.

[0003] In traditional industrial dust removal technologies, an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) relies on a high-voltage electric field to charge dust and then adsorb it on the electrode plates, but its capture efficiency for high specific resistance dust or ultrafine particles is limited.

[0004] Traditional wet dust removal devices mostly adopt a fixed electrode structure, which has problems such as easy corrosion of the electrodes and difficulty in ash cleaning.

[0005] Although the moving electrode plate electrostatic dust removal technology can reduce secondary dust emission through ash cleaning of the electrode plates, it has defects such as complex structure and high maintenance cost.

[0006] In summary, the existing single dust removal methods are difficult to meet the coordinated requirements of high efficiency, low resistance, and long service life under complex working conditions; and in conventional devices, the charging device and the filtering unit are mostly independently designed, with insufficient charging efficiency and dust agglomeration effect, resulting in limited overall dust removal efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a composite dust removal device with multi-mechanism coupling, that is, a device that simultaneously possesses technologies such as electrostatic pre-charging, fixed electrode plate electrostatic adsorption, bag filtration, and moving electrode plate electrostatic dust removal. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems that although the bag filter has a high filtration efficiency, it has high operating resistance, easy clogging of the filter bag, and short service life, and to provide a wet bag filter dust collector optimized based on a moving electrode with multi-mechanism coupling, so as to improve the bag dust removal efficiency, reduce the operating resistance, and extend the service life of the device.

[0008] A wet bag filter dust collector optimized based on a moving electrode provided by the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A wet bag filter dust collector optimized based on a moving electrode includes: a box body 10, a receiving assembly, a spray head 40, a fixed electrode plate assembly 70, a filter bag assembly 80, a cathode assembly 50, a motor assembly 60, and a moving electrode assembly 90;

[0010] The box body 10 includes an air inlet 121, a receiving cavity 12, and an air outlet 122, which are connected in sequence;

[0011] The top of the receiving cavity 12 is open, and during operation, its top is hermetically fixed with a box cover 11;

[0012] The storage assembly is disposed below the box body 10 and includes a front storage assembly 20 and a rear storage assembly 30;

[0013] The nozzle 40 is arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet 121, and an electrospray system is arranged on it;

[0014] The fixed electrode assembly 70 and the movable electrode assembly 90 are respectively disposed at the front and rear sides of the storage cavity 12;

[0015] The fixed electrode assembly 70 comprises a plurality of vertically arranged fixed electrode plates in a multi-layer structure with equal spacing, and a plurality of filter bag assemblies 80 are arranged between adjacent fixed electrode plates;

[0016] A cathode assembly 50 is disposed between the plurality of filter bag assemblies 80;

[0017] The cathode assembly 50 includes a front T-shaped tube 51, a rear T-shaped tube 52 and a thorn 55;

[0018] The motor assembly 60 is disposed above the fixed electrode assembly 70; the motor assembly 60 includes a motor 61, whose motor shaft 64 is transmission-connected to the movable electrode assembly 90 through a coupling 63;

[0019] The movable electrode assembly 90 includes a chain plate 91 , a sprocket 92 , a brush 96 and a gear set. The chain plate 91 surrounds the sprocket 92 to form a closed loop structure and is driven to rotate by the motor 61 .

[0020] The front and rear ends of the thorn 55 are respectively fixed to the front T-shaped tube 51 and the rear T-shaped tube 52, and the T-shaped tube is fixed to the box body 10 through a tube clamp;

[0021] The front T-shaped tube 51 and the rear T-shaped tube 52 are connected to the high voltage power supply through the front conductive hole 111 and the rear conductive hole 112 on the box cover 11 through wires to form a closed circuit;

[0022] The thorns 55 are alloy tube-shaped thorns, and form multiple high-voltage electric fields between the thorns 55 and the fixed electrode assembly 70 and the movable electrode assembly 90 .

[0023] The filter bag assembly 80 includes a filter cage 81, a filter bag 82 and a nozzle 83. The filter cage 81 is a metal frame structure. The filter bag 82 is sleeved on the outside of the filter cage 81. The nozzle 83 is arranged inside the filter cage 81.

[0024] The filter bag assembly 80 is provided with a plurality of bags, which are arranged in layers front to back with the characteristics of being dense in front and sparse in the back, and are fixedly connected to the adjacent fixed plates;

[0025] The layered distribution and front-to-back arrangement has the characteristics of being dense in the front and sparse in the back, which can be achieved by changing the number of filter bag assemblies 80 in each layer, changing the spacing between each layer of the filter bag assemblies 80, or changing the mesh size of the filter bag 82.

[0026] The filter bag 82 is made of PPS polyphenylene sulfide high-temperature resistant composite fiber material.

[0027] The mobile electrode assembly 90 further includes a lower sprocket support frame 93 disposed at the bottom of the storage cavity 12 and an upper sprocket support frame 94 disposed on the box cover 11;

[0028] The link plate 91 has a closed-loop structure, and several groups are arranged left and right. In each group, sprockets 92 are respectively arranged above and below. The sprockets 92 are respectively rotatably installed on the lower sprocket support frame 93 and the upper sprocket support frame 94.

[0029] The inner side of the link plate 91 with the closed-loop structure abuts against the brush 96. The motor 61 drives the rotation of the driving sprocket 92 at the upper part of the gear set, driving the rotation of the link plate 91 with the closed-loop structure.

[0030] Both the link plate 91 and the fixed electrode plate are made of high-temperature resistant alloy steel, and a ceramic high-temperature resistant coating is sprayed on the surface. Among them, the link plate 91 is a wavy electrode plate, and the fixed electrode plate is a honeycomb electrode plate.

[0031] The front storage assembly 20 includes a front storage box 22, and the rear storage assembly 30 includes a rear storage box 32. The openings of the storage boxes face upward, and are respectively used for collecting the dust in the areas of the fixed electrode plate assembly 70 and the mobile electrode assembly 90; The fixed electrode plate assembly 70 is also provided with a vibration knocking assembly, and the vibration knocking makes the dust fall off and fall into the front storage box 22.

[0032] The motor assembly 60 includes a motor 61 and an insulating cavity 62; The insulating cavity 62 is arranged above the fixed electrode plate assembly 70, and the motor 61 is fixed therein.

[0033] Herein, a usage method of the above-mentioned wet bag dust removal device optimized based on a mobile electrode is provided, including the following steps:

[0034] Step 1. System pre-start

[0035] Start the electrospray system of the spray head 40, so that the dust in the dust-containing air flow flowing through the air inlet 121 carries droplets and is charged;

[0036] Start the high-voltage power supply to supply power to the thorn 55, so that the thorn 55 and the fixed electrode plate assembly 70 and the mobile electrode assembly 90 form a uniform and stable corona region;

[0037] Start the motor 61, and the motor 61 drives the sprocket 92 and the link plate 91 with the closed-loop structure to rotate, and the mobile electrode runs at a stable speed.

[0038] Step 2. Zoned dust removal and collaborative capture

[0039] During this process, the voltage and current of the electric field, the differential pressure of the filter bag 82, and the rotational speed of the motor 61 are continuously monitored through the control panel; a dust concentration sensor is provided at the air outlet to detect in real time whether the emissions meet the standards;

[0040] Fixed plate electrode assembly area: Some charged dust is adsorbed on the fixed plate electrode, and some is intercepted by the filter bag 82; the dust adsorbed on the fixed plate electrode is shaken off by the shaking mechanism, and the dust intercepted on the filter bag 82 is regularly cleaned by the pulse jet system and both fall into the storage tank;

[0041] Moving electrode assembly area: The residual dust is adsorbed by the chain plate 91 of the rotating moving electrode assembly 90 and swept into the storage tank by the brush 96 to complete purification.

[0042] Step Three: Shut down the equipment after dust removal

[0043] Turn off the high-voltage power supply in sequence to form a corona cut-off area; turn off the electrospray system and cut off the liquid flow; stop the motor 61, and turn off the main power supply after the chain plate 91 stops moving.

[0044] The flow rate of the electrospray system described is 1–2% of the flue gas volume, the particle size is 10–50μm, and the liquid temperature is 65–75°C;

[0045] The first half of the fixed plate electrode area belongs to the high-temperature area with a temperature of 180–230°C, and the arrangement interval of the filter bags 82 is 1.5D;

[0046] The second half of the fixed plate electrode area belongs to the medium-temperature area with a temperature of 130–180°C, and the arrangement interval range of the filter bags 82 is 2.5D–3D;

[0047] The moving electrode area belongs to the low-temperature area with a temperature below 130°C and higher than the dew point temperature;

[0048] Where D is the diameter of the filter bag 82.

[0049] When the gas to be purified is acidic / alkaline during operation, an alkaline / acidic neutralizing liquid is correspondingly added to the spray system, and the spray particle size is strictly controlled between 20-50μm.

[0050] The present invention provides a wet bag dust removal device optimized based on a moving electrode, belonging to the technical field of industrial flue gas purification. It includes: a box body, a storage component, a spray head, a fixed electrode plate component, a moving electrode component, a filter bag component, a cathode component, and a motor component; a storage cavity is provided in the middle of the box body, and an air inlet and an air outlet are provided at the front and rear ends of the storage cavity, and the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated; the storage component is arranged below the box body, and the spray head is arranged on one side of the air inlet; the fixed electrode plate component and the moving electrode component are arranged on the front and rear sides of the storage cavity; the filter bag component is arranged between several fixed electrode plates, the cathode component is arranged between the filter bag components, and the motor component drives the anode chain plate of the moving electrode component to rotate. In summary, the solution of the present invention realizes multi-stage dust removal through the coupling and nesting of the filter bag component and the fixed electrode plate component and the subsequent moving electrode component, and can efficiently adsorb and remove dust from the passing gas.

[0051] In summary, after the present invention adopts the above technical solutions, the beneficial technical effects are as follows:

[0052] 1. The collaborative design of the front-end wet dust removal and the rear-end moving electrode dust removal in the present invention not only utilizes the high-efficiency capture ability of wet dust removal for fine particulate matter, but also avoids the wastewater treatment problems that may be brought about by wet dust removal.

[0053] 2. The technical solution of the present invention reduces the overall operating cost, and at the same time improves the adaptability and environmental protection performance of the system.

[0054] 3. The overall device of the present invention adopts a modular design, and the front-end electrospray, the middle fixed electrode plate, and the rear-end moving electrode plate can operate and be maintained independently, which is convenient for adjustment and optimization according to actual needs, improves the flexibility and scalability of the device, and is suitable for the treatment of industrial flue gas of different scales and types. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal specific structure of a wet bag dust removal device optimized based on a moving electrode according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of a wet bag dust removal device optimized based on a moving electrode according to the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 is an explosion diagram of a wet bag dust removal device optimized based on a moving electrode according to the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving electrode component in a wet bag dust removal device optimized based on a moving electrode according to the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5It is a top view of the structure of the moving electrode, motor slot and cathode assembly in a wet bag dust collector based on the optimization of the moving electrode according to the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filter bag assembly in a wet bag dust collector based on the optimization of the moving electrode according to the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the adsorption principle of the filter bag assembly in a wet bag dust collector based on the optimization of the moving electrode according to the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the electrostatic dust removal process principle of a wet bag dust collector based on the optimization of the moving electrode according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the front-dense and rear-sparse layered arrangement of the filter bag assembly (filter bag) in a wet bag dust collector based on the optimization of the moving electrode according to the present invention.

[0064] In the drawings:

[0065] 10. Box body; 11. Box cover; 12. Storage cavity; 111. Front conductive hole; 112. Rear conductive hole; 121. Air inlet; 122. Air outlet;

[0066] 20. Front storage assembly; 21. Front storage slot; 22. Front storage box;

[0067] 30. Rear storage assembly; 31. Front storage slot; 32. Rear storage box; 40. Sprayer;

[0068] 50. Cathode assembly; 51. Front T-shaped tube; 52. Rear T-shaped tube; 53. Front pipe clamp; 54. Rear pipe clamp; 55. Spiked bar;

[0069] 60. Motor assembly; 61. Motor; 62. Insulation cavity; 63. Coupling; 64. Motor shaft;

[0070] 70. Fixed plate assembly; 80. Filter bag assembly; 81. Filter cage; 82. Filter bag; 83. Spray pipe;

[0071] 90. Moving electrode assembly; 91. Chain plate; 92. Sprocket; 93. Lower sprocket support frame; 94. Upper sprocket support frame; 95. Brush support frame; 96. Brush; 97. Driving gear; 98. Intermediate gear; 99. First upper gear shaft; 910. Lower gear shaft; 911. Driving gear support frame; 912. Intermediate gear support frame; 913. Second upper gear shaft. Detailed implementation manners

[0072] In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following combines with the attachedFigures 1-6 The present invention is further described in detail with specific embodiments. The embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0073] Embodiment 1:

[0074] A wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization includes: a box body 10, a storage assembly, a nozzle 40, a fixed plate assembly 70, a filter bag assembly 80, a cathode assembly 50, a motor assembly 60, and a mobile electrode assembly 90;

[0075] A storage chamber 12 is provided in the middle of the box body 10, the top of the storage chamber 12 is open, and a box cover 11 is provided when in operation; an air inlet 121 and an air outlet 122 are provided at the front and rear sides of the storage chamber 12 respectively; the air inlet 121, the storage chamber 12, and the air outlet 122 are connected in sequence;

[0076] The storage assembly is disposed below the box body 10 and includes a front storage assembly 20 and a rear storage assembly 30;

[0077] The nozzle 40 is disposed at the upper end of the air inlet 121 to provide electrospray so that the dust contains tiny water droplets, thereby achieving the purpose of wet dust removal;

[0078] The fixed electrode assembly 70 and the movable electrode assembly 90 are both disposed in the storage cavity 12, and are disposed in front and back of each other;

[0079] The fixed electrode assembly 70 includes a plurality of vertically arranged fixed electrode plates in a multi-layer structure with equal spacing, and a plurality of filter bag assemblies 80 are arranged between adjacent fixed electrode plates; a cathode assembly 50 is arranged between the plurality of filter bag assemblies 80;

[0080] The cathode assembly 50 includes a front T-shaped tube 51, a rear T-shaped tube 52 and a thorn 55;

[0081] The motor assembly 60 is disposed above the fixed electrode assembly 70, and the motor assembly 60 includes a motor 61, on which a motor shaft 64 is transmission-connected to the movable electrode assembly 90 through a coupling 63;

[0082] The movable electrode assembly 90 includes a chain plate 91 , a sprocket 92 , a brush 96 and a gear set. The chain plate 91 surrounds the sprocket 92 to form a closed loop structure.

[0083] The two ends of the thorn 55 are respectively fixed on the front T-shaped tube 51 and the rear T-shaped tube 52 to form a closed circuit; the front T-shaped tube 51 and the rear T-shaped tube 52 are respectively fixed on the box body 10 by the front tube clamp 53 and the rear tube clamp 54, and the two are respectively connected to the front conductive hole 111 and the rear conductive hole 112 on the box cover 11 through wires and the high-voltage power supply. The thorn 55 is an alloy tube-shaped thorn;

[0084] The high-voltage power supply forms a closed circuit with the front T-shaped tube 51, the rear T-shaped tube 52 and the spike 55 through the front and rear wires. After being energized, multiple high-voltage electric fields are formed between the spike 55, the fixed plate assembly 70 and the moving electrode assembly 90. Under the high-voltage electric field, dust particles acquire charges and thus are adsorbed on the anode plate to achieve the purpose of dust collection.

[0085] The spray head 40 is provided with an electrospray system, and an appropriate amount of alkaline droplets (such as diluted sodium hydroxide) are added to the spray for neutralizing acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride during operation. The spray particle size is strictly controlled between 20 - 50 μm to ensure that it adheres to the surface of the dust before complete vaporization, forming clusters and quickly adsorbing on the fixed plate (anode plate).

[0086] The filter bag assembly 80 includes a filter cage 81, a filter bag 82 and a spray pipe 83. The filter cage 81 is of a metal frame structure. The filter bag 82 is sleeved outside the filter cage 81, and the spray pipe 83 is arranged inside the filter cage 81;

[0087] A number of the filter bag assemblies 80 are provided, arranged in layers and in a front-back arrangement, having the characteristic of being dense in the front and sparse in the back, and are fixedly connected to the adjacent fixed plates,

[0088] For the characteristic of being dense in the front and sparse in the back in the layer distribution, reference can be made to Appendix Figure 8 and Appendix Figure 9 . The number of filter bag assemblies 80 in each layer is the same. The layer spacing of the filter bag assemblies 80 near the inlet is small, and the layer spacing of the filter bag assemblies 80 near the outlet is large.

[0089] In addition, the filter bag assemblies 80 can also be arranged with equal layer spacing. The number of filter bag assemblies 80 in the layer near the inlet is large, and the number of filter bag assemblies 80 in the layer near the outlet is small, thereby achieving the effect of being dense in the front and sparse in the back;

[0090] In addition, the effect of being dense in the front and sparse in the back can also be achieved by controlling the mesh size of the filter bag 82, that is, the filter bag 82 near the inlet uses a small mesh, and the filter bag 82 near the outlet uses a larger mesh.

[0091] The filter bag 82 is made of PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) high-temperature resistant composite fiber material.

[0092] The moving electrode assembly 90 also includes a lower sprocket made of high-temperature resistant composite fiber material.

[0093] The moving electrode assembly 90 also includes a lower sprocket support frame 93 and an upper sprocket support frame 94. The lower sprocket support frame 93 is fixed on the box body at the bottom of the storage cavity 12, and the upper sprocket support frame 94 is fixed on the box cover 11; the sprockets 92 are respectively rotatably installed on the lower sprocket support frame 93 and the upper sprocket support frame 94, and the motor 61 drives the sprockets 92 to rotate through a gear set;

[0094] The chain plate 91 is provided with two groups of closed loop structures on the left and right, with the inner side abutting against the brush 96, and two sprocket wheels 92 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of each group, the upper side is a driving sprocket wheel, and the lower side is a driven sprocket wheel; the upper left and right driving sprocket wheels are respectively fixedly connected to the first upper gear shaft 99 and the second upper gear shaft 913 and rotate synchronously, and the two are rotatably connected to the upper sprocket wheel support frame 94 through their respective gear shafts; the lower left and right driven sprocket wheels are rotatably connected to the lower sprocket wheel support frames 93 on both sides through the lower gear shaft 910;

[0095] The first upper gear shaft 99 and the second upper gear shaft 913 are fixedly connected to the transmission gear 97 at one end close to the motor 61; the left and right transmission gears 97 are meshed and transmitted by an intermediate gear 98, the intermediate gear 98 is rotatably connected to the intermediate gear support frame 912, the transmission gear 97 is rotatably connected to the transmission gear support frame 911, and the brush 96 is rotatably connected to the brush support frame 95; the intermediate gear support frame 912 and the transmission gear support frame 911 are fixed to the box cover 11, and the brush support frame 95 is fixed to the side wall of the box body 10;

[0096] The second upper gear shaft 913 is transmission-connected to the motor shaft 64 via the coupling 63 , and the motor 61 provides the torque required for the rotation of the closed-loop structure sprocket 92 and the chain plate 91 .

[0097] The chain plate 91 and the fixed pole plate are both made of high temperature resistant alloy steel, and a ceramic high temperature resistant coating is sprayed on the surface, wherein the chain plate 91 is a wavy pole plate, and the fixed pole plate is a honeycomb pole plate.

[0098] The front storage assembly 20 includes a front storage slot 21 and a front storage box 22 disposed therein;

[0099] The rear storage assembly 30 includes a rear storage slot 31 and a rear storage box 32 disposed therein;

[0100] The opening directions of the front storage box 22 and the rear storage box 32 are both facing upward, and both are slidably connected to their respective storage slots through slide rails. After the electrostatic dust removal device collects enough dust, it is extracted for processing; the fixed plate assembly 70 is provided with a vibrating assembly for vibrating, so that the dust falls off and falls into the front storage box 22, thereby realizing the cleaning of the filter bag 82 and the collection of dust.

[0101] The motor assembly 60 includes a motor 61, an insulating cavity 62, and a coupling 63; the insulating cavity 62 is arranged above the fixed plate assembly 70 and located in the storage cavity 12, and the motor 61 is fixed therein; when working, the box cover 11 covers the opening of the insulating cavity 62 to form a closed cavity, providing a function of guiding airflow.

[0102] This embodiment is mainly applied to the dust removal of high-temperature flue gas in coal-fired power plants and other scenarios. During the combustion process of coal-fired power plants, high-temperature and high-concentration flue gas is generated. The main dust components are concentrated in fly ash and some slag particles; the main fly ash components include silicon dioxide ( ), aluminum oxide ( ), iron oxide ( ), carbon (unburned pulverized coal), and a small amount of sulfates, calcium, and other metal oxides; slag particles are partially unmolten minerals and slag fragments during the combustion process, usually larger and with higher density; the dust removal system needs to adapt to the requirements of higher flue gas temperature (generally between 200 - 400 °C), high dust concentration, and long-term stable operation.

[0103] The preferences in actual manufacturing of the above embodiment are as follows:

[0104] The front storage tank 21 and the rear storage tank 31 can be made of stainless steel. Stainless steel is corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant, suitable for long-term contact with high-temperature dust-containing flue gas environment; the front storage box 22 and the rear storage box 32 can be made of engineering plastics (PA66 + 30% glass fiber), which are light in weight, impact-resistant, and low in cost;

[0105] The barbs 55 are selected as high-temperature-resistant nickel-chromium alloy tubular barb wires; the tubular barb wires can maintain good stability in high-temperature environments, are not easily deformed, form a uniform corona discharge area, improve the dust charging efficiency, and form a stable electric field with the fixed plate assembly 70.

[0106] The barbs 55 shown can also be made of sawtooth barb wires, angle bar barb wires, fishbone needle barb wires, etc. Such cathode wires have a higher discharge intensity, are suitable for occasions with higher dust concentration, and can effectively prevent corona closure. In addition, non-barb wires can also be selected as cathode wires, such as star wires, twist star wires, spiral wires, V wires, etc. Such cathode wires have a more uniform discharge and are suitable for occasions with lower dust concentration, finer particle size, and greater viscosity.

[0107] The fixed plates in the fixed plate assembly 70 are selected as high-temperature corrosion-resistant alloy steels, with a ceramic high-temperature coating sprayed on the surface, and the structure is a honeycomb-shaped plate. The ceramic high-temperature coating improves the heat resistance and corrosion resistance, avoiding damage to the plates caused by corrosive components in the flue gas. The honeycomb structure provides a larger effective dust collection area, while ensuring uniform distribution of the electric field, improving the dust capture efficiency; combined with air flow control, the honeycomb channels can effectively guide the air flow, reduce local flue gas retention, and ensure uniform charging.

[0108] The fixed plate assembly 70 can be a C-type plate, a Z-type plate, or a corrugated plate. Among them, the C-type plate has a certain strength and stiffness, can expand freely without generating large thermal stresses, and can reduce the secondary entrainment of dust. The Z-type plate is suitable for a specific electric field structure and can provide a better electric field distribution and dust collection effect. The corrugated plate increases the surface area to improve the dust holding capacity and enhances the uniform distribution of the air flow at the same time.

[0109] The filter bag 82 can be made of PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) high-temperature resistant composite fiber material. The PPS material can withstand high temperatures and has good corrosion resistance, adapting to the coal-fired flue gas environment.

[0110] The mesh holes of the filter bag 82 are arranged with a denser front and a sparser rear, that is, in the higher temperature area (near the inlet), the mesh holes of the filter bag are densely arranged to improve the primary filtration efficiency, while in the low-temperature area (near the outlet), the spacing of the mesh holes of the filter bag increases to reduce the risk of blockage and play an auxiliary filtration role at the same time.

[0111] The high-temperature flue gas gradually cools down after entering from the inlet. The temperature is high and the dust concentration is large near the inlet. The temperature decreases and the gas becomes cleaner near the outlet. The densely arranged filter bags in the front section can quickly intercept large particles and reduce the temperature of the flue gas. The sparse arrangement in the rear section reduces the risk of local blockage, improves the wind penetration and the overall flux.

[0112] In addition, the arrangement with a denser front and a sparser rear can generate slight turbulence in the secondary filter bag area, promote the settlement or adhesion of the remaining fine dust, and improve the overall dust removal efficiency. By guiding the dust to settle step by step through the front-dense and rear-sparse distribution, "graded filtration" and "distributed dust cleaning" are achieved. Through the arrangement and regulation, "temperature-zone segmented filtration" is realized, and the service life of the filter bag is improved.

[0113] The filter cage 81 should be a heat-resistant stainless steel filter cage, and its material is 316L stainless steel, which has strong high-temperature resistance and can withstand a temperature of up to 1000 °C (far exceeding the flue gas temperature), has good corrosion resistance, contains molybdenum (Mo), and can effectively resist sulfide corrosion. It has high mechanical strength, can maintain the shape of the filter bag for a long time, and prevent the decrease of filtration efficiency caused by deformation.

[0114] The sprocket 92 is made of 40CrNiMoA material, with excellent wear resistance, strength and toughness; it is suitable for high-temperature and high-load working conditions to ensure long-life operation.

[0115] The chain plate 91 is made of 15CrMo alloy steel, and its surface is sprayed with ceramics; 15CrMo alloy steel is suitable for high-temperature and high-strength requirements and can withstand temperatures above 400 °C; its structure adopts a wavy design, and the wavy surface can effectively enhance the electric field gradient, making the dust easier to be stripped by the dust cleaning device after adsorbing to the plate surface; it can be used in combination with the honeycomb-shaped fixed plate to ensure uniform electric field and reduce the dust removal dead angle.

[0116] The above gears and shafts can all be made of 42CrMo material, which has the characteristics of high strength and high wear resistance, and is suitable for high-temperature and high-load environments.

[0117] Example 2:

[0118] A wet bag dust collector optimized based on a moving electrode, and its working principle and specific usage method are as follows:

[0119] Working principle: The spike 55 in the above example generates corona discharge by applying a high-voltage electric field, ionizes the air, forms a large number of free electrons and positive and negative ions, creating conditions for dust particles to be charged; it forms a non-uniform electric field together with the fixed electrode assembly 70 and the moving electrode assembly 90 to ensure that charged particles are adsorbed onto the dust collecting electrode (anode) under the action of the electric field force.

[0120] Working principle on one side of the moving electrode assembly 90:

[0121] Starting the motor 61 will drive the sprocket 92 and the chain plate 91 to rotate. The rotating chain plate 91 serves as the anode plate to form an electric field with the spike 55, providing an electric field force to adsorb dust on the chain plate 91 of the moving electrode assembly 90.

[0122] The brush 96 is arranged inside the chain plate 91. By directly contacting the moving chain plate 91, the dust attached to the chain plate 91 is removed, and the dust falls into the front storage box 22 to complete the collection.

[0123] Working principle on one side of the fixed electrode assembly 70:

[0124] The electrospray system of the spray head 40 enhances the dust charging ability. Moistened particles are more likely to carry charges, improving the subsequent electrostatic adsorption efficiency; acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride in the high-temperature waste gas are preliminarily neutralized at the inlet, reducing the corrosion of downstream equipment (electrodes and filter bags); enhancing the dust coagulation property, the liquid droplets promote the formation of clusters of ultrafine particles, facilitating subsequent physical capture; protecting the filter bag material, the alkaline environment reduces the acidity of the flue gas, extends the life of the filter bag, and stabilizes the performance of the structural fibers; cooperating with the backend electrostatic system, the weakly charged dust clusters formed by the pretreatment are more likely to be quickly adsorbed or intercepted in the coupling area of the fixed electrode and the filter bag assembly.

[0125] The fixed electrode assembly 70 serves as the dust collecting electrode. The fixed electrode and the spike 55 together form an electrostatic field. The spike 55 generates corona discharge, ionizes the air, and dust particles obtain charges in the electric field.

[0126] A non-uniform electric field is formed between the fixed electrode assembly 70 and the spike 55, providing an electric field force for the movement of dust particles. The charged dust moves towards the fixed electrode assembly 70 and deposits under the action of the electric field force.

[0127] The fixed electrode assembly 70 is arranged in an equidistant and uniform layout. This structural design can effectively optimize the electric field strength distribution in each dust collecting gap, while ensuring that the charge storage at each electrode plate remains balanced. This makes the electrostatic adsorption effect of each dust collecting gap more stable and consistent, thereby significantly improving the electrostatic adsorption efficiency and dust collection performance of the entire electrostatic precipitator.

[0128] The main function of the filter bag assembly 80 is to filter the dusty gas and separate the dust from the gas, wherein the nozzle 83 inside the filter bag 82 uses a pulsed airflow to blow away the deposited fly ash particles, that is, to prevent the dust from clogging the filter bag 82 by backblowing with a low-pressure airflow or by blowing with compressed air, and to adsorb the blown dust by the electrostatic field formed by the fixed plate assembly 70 and the thorns 55;

[0129] The fixed plate assembly 70 is then vibrated by the vibrating device to cause the dust to fall off and fall into the rear storage box 32, thereby completing the cleaning of the filter bag 82 and the collection of the dust.

[0130] Next, a method for using a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization of the present invention will be described in detail:

[0131] Step 1: System pre-startup phase

[0132] Spray pretreatment: Start the electrospray system of the nozzle 40, turn on the electrospray device at the air inlet, and start the spray additive pumping system at the same time, adjust the amount of alkaline droplets (such as diluted sodium hydroxide or ammonia) sprayed and control the spray particle size range to ensure that they adhere to the dust surface before the high-temperature airflow is completely vaporized. Alkaline droplets initially moisten the dust, enhance the charging capacity, and facilitate subsequent electrostatic adsorption; alkaline components neutralize part of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride and other acidic gases, reduce corrosion to the plates and filter bags; enhance the cohesion of ultrafine dust, prompt it to form clusters, and facilitate adsorption and capture.

[0133] Electric field start-up and stable regulation: Start the high-voltage power supply to supply power to the thorn 55, so that the thorn 55, the fixed plate assembly 70 and the movable electrode assembly 90 form a uniform and strong high-temperature electric field; monitor the electric field voltage and corona discharge current to ensure stable operation of the corona zone.

[0134] The motor and the moving electrode are started: the motor 61 is started, and the motor drives the sprocket 92 and the chain plate 91 of the closed-loop structure to start rotating, so as to ensure that the moving electrode runs at a stable speed.

[0135] Perform precise spraying and adjust the flow rate of the electrospray system (10-50µm particle size), not less than 10µm to avoid complete vaporization, and not more than 50µm to prevent droplet deposition. The spray volume is controlled at 1-2% of the flue gas volume, and the liquid temperature is slightly higher than the dew point (65-75℃) to avoid condensation; high-humidity flue gas pre-dehumidification (silica gel / heat exchange tower).

[0136] Step 2: Zonal dust removal and collaborative capture

[0137] Adopt a multi-stage dust removal strategy with the coupling and nesting of filter bags and fixed electrode plates and a movable electrode at the rear. Through the method of "temperature segmentation + structural coupling + dynamic compensation", achieve particle size classification capture, dynamic dust cleaning collaboration, and air duct smoothness control.

[0138] The first half section of the fixed electrode plate belongs to the high-temperature zone. In this zone, filter bags are densely arranged, interspersed between the fixed electrode plates. The front end is close to the air inlet, and the gas temperature is the highest. The high-temperature zone is responsible for primary electrostatic capture.

[0139] Primary charged dust is first screened and adsorbed by the filter bags and is simultaneously affected by the electric field between the barbs 55 and the fixed electrode plate assembly 70. Large particle size dust (>10μm) directly settles due to inertia, and fine particles are adsorbed on the electrode plates in the strong electric field. At the same time, the dense filter bags increase the resistance and disturbance, effectively reducing the gas temperature. In addition, the electrode plates are vibrated regularly, and the dust falls into the front storage box 22. The filter bags are dynamically cleaned by pulse jetting. The dust raised by the vibration of the electrode plates may be captured by adjacent filter bags again, which can avoid the influence of secondary dust emission.

[0140] The second half section of the fixed electrode plate belongs to the medium-temperature zone. In this zone, the number of filter bags decreases, and the overall arrangement is sparse, reducing the flow resistance and enhancing the ventilation penetration, which has the effect of strengthening electrostatic-assisted filtration. Residual fine particles (1–10μm) in the medium-temperature zone are adsorbed by the electric field of the remaining electrode plates under the action of deceleration - temperature reduction - disturbance. At the same time, the sparsely arranged filter bags further capture the particles leaked from the high-temperature zone, forming a distributed secondary filtration barrier. The above structure improves the electrostatic dust removal efficiency: it has a turbulent induction effect, and the gas between the sparse filter bags generates mild disturbance, promoting the settlement of fine particles; dust cleaning linkage can be carried out, and the differential pressure monitoring of the filter bags triggers pulse jetting, cooperating with the vibration of the electrode plates to jointly maintain the filtration efficiency; it can also maintain the system balance. This section takes into account multiple objectives of "dust removal + resistance reduction + flux", and is the core section for efficient transition.

[0141] The mobile electrode area belongs to the low temperature area. The mobile electrode group is set at the end of the system. The air flow temperature has dropped to the low temperature section. The residual dust concentration is extremely low, which is mainly responsible for the fine collection of the dynamic electric field. Operation mode: The motor 61 drives the chain plate 91 to rotate, and the dynamic electrode plate travels in the electric field. At the same time, the constantly changing electric field disturbance can increase the charge rate of ultrafine particles and enhance the capture efficiency. In addition, the mobile electrode structure suppresses the back corona phenomenon to a certain extent, and has the advantage of energy saving: the dust accumulated on the plate is scraped off by the brush 96 cycles and falls into the rear storage box 32; the brushing process is fully enclosed to avoid secondary dust; used to capture escaped particles (<1μm); ensure that the final outlet air cleanliness meets the standard, as an efficient "bottom line" link. Finally, ensure that the final air outlet meets the emission standards.

[0142] Step 3: Shut down the device

[0143] Normal shutdown process: turn off the high-voltage power supply in sequence, stop corona discharge; turn off the spray system, cut off the water path and additive flow; stop the motor 61, and then turn off the main power supply after the chain plate 91 stops moving. Emergency shutdown process: press the emergency stop button to immediately cut off all power and air sources; restart the equipment after troubleshooting (such as electric field short circuit, filter bag damage).

[0144] Step 4: Operation monitoring and maintenance

[0145] Real-time monitoring system: The control panel continuously monitors the electric field voltage, current, filter bag pressure difference, and motor speed; the dust concentration sensor detects the outlet emission value in real time to ensure that the emission meets the standard.

[0146] Maintenance measures: Clean the nozzle 40 regularly to prevent nozzle clogging; check the wear of the brush 96 to ensure dust removal efficiency;

[0147] Clean the filter bag 82 and check whether the filter cage 81 structure is deformed or loose; calibrate the high-voltage power supply system; lubricate the sprocket 91 and the transmission gear 97 to ensure smooth movement of the system.

[0148] During operation, control of various indicators:

[0149] 1. Humidity control: The safe range of flue gas relative humidity is recommended to be controlled at 40%~60%RH. There are risks when the humidity is too high or too low.

[0150] (1) Humidity is too high (RH>75%): electric field breakdown, sparking and discharge; dust condensation adheres to the plates / filter bags to form "mud cakes"; metal corrosion, dust cleaning is hindered; efficiency decreases or equipment short circuits.

[0151] (2)Too low humidity (RH < 30): The particle charging ability decreases; spark discharge may cause fire; static electricity accumulates on the filter bags and causes aging.

[0152] (3)Humidity control method: Conduct precise spraying, adjust the flow rate of the electrospray system (particle size of 10–50 µm), not less than 10 µm to avoid complete vaporization, and not more than 50 µm to prevent droplet deposition. The spraying volume is controlled at 1–2% of the flue gas volume, and the liquid temperature is slightly higher than the dew point (65–75 °C) to avoid condensation; pre-dehumidify high-humidity flue gas (silica gel / heat exchange tower).

[0153] (4)Humidity and electrode risk prevention: The monitoring and alarm system is linked by an inlet humidity sensor and PID control, with over-limit alarm or shutdown; the high-voltage insulator is coated with a hydrophilic and dust-proof coating, and an automatic condensate drain is provided at the bottom of the plate area, and a drying and ventilation gap is reserved in the filter bag frame; the power is automatically cut off when the spraying is interrupted, and the power-off protection is immediately triggered in case of an electric field short circuit, and redundant temperature and humidity sensors are used to prevent misjudgment. The operation follows the following principles: 1. Preheat before startup: The inside of the dust collector needs to be pre-heated and dried (30–60 min) in advance before boosting the pressure.

[0154] (5)Dry the remaining air after shutdown: After the high voltage is cut off, the induced draft needs to continue for 5–10 minutes to exhaust all the moisture.

[0155] 2. Temperature ranges in the high-temperature / mid-temperature / low-temperature zones

[0156] (1)High-temperature zone: Its temperature range is 180–230 °C, located at the front section of the fixed plate, and the filter bags are densely arranged. This area is mainly responsible for rapid cooling and capturing large-particle dust. If the inlet flue gas temperature exceeds 230 °C, a cooler (such as a heat exchanger or a spray cooling device) needs to be installed to avoid damage to the filter bags or equipment failure caused by high temperature.

[0157] (2)Mid-temperature zone: Its temperature range is 130–180 °C, located at the rear section of the fixed plate, and the filter bags are relatively sparsely arranged. This area focuses on filtering fine-particle dust, while stabilizing the air flow distribution and improving the fine dust sedimentation effect. If the temperature of the flue gas is still higher than 150 °C before entering the low-temperature zone, the heat exchange and cooling system needs to be forcibly started to prevent overheating in the subsequent low-temperature zone or burning of the filter bags.

[0158] (3)Low-temperature zone: Its temperature is lower than 130 °C, located at the end of the moving plate, responsible for fine filtration of the tail gas to ensure compliance with emissions standards. The temperature in this area needs to be strictly controlled to avoid overcooling (such as condensation corrosion caused by temperatures below the dew point) or residual high temperature (such as causing filter bag breakdown). The temperature fluctuation needs to be monitored throughout the process to ensure that the low-temperature zone is always within a safe range (not exceeding 130 °C and higher than the dew point temperature), and if necessary, adjust through air cooling or waste heat recovery.

[0159] 3. Filter bag arrangement interval: The arrangement of the filter bags should take into account the filtration efficiency, smooth air flow, and dust cleaning effect.

[0160] (1) High-temperature zone (densely arranged in the front section): The arrangement interval is 1.5D (D is the diameter of the filter bag 82 supported by the filter cage), which increases the filtration area of the filter bag 82, quickly cools down and intercepts large particles, making it moderately dense but not suppressing the airflow.

[0161] (2) Medium-temperature zone (loosely arranged in the rear section): The arrangement interval ranges from 2.5D to 3D, preventing blockage and enhancing turbulence and fine dust sedimentation.

[0162] In actual engineering, when the diameter of the filter bag 82 is D = 160 mm, the filter bag spacing in the high-temperature zone is approximately 240 mm, and the filter bag spacing in the medium-temperature zone is approximately 400 - 480 mm.

[0163] In summary, in the present invention, the nozzle 40 enables the dust to carry droplets and be pre-charged through the electrospray device; the charged dust is adsorbed in the electrostatic field formed by the fixed electrode plate 70 and the barbs 55; the escaped fine particles are intercepted by the filter bag 82 under the action of the interference of the electric field force and accumulate on the surface of the filter bag 82 to form a dust layer, and the dust layer collects the remaining fine fly ash particles, greatly improving the filtration efficiency; finally, the extremely small remaining dust particles are adsorbed by the electric field formed by the moving electrode assembly 90 and the barbs 55, thereby providing a wet bag dust collector optimized based on the moving electrode, and at the same time using the fixed electrode plate and the moving electrode plate for adsorption dust collection, purification and dust removal, with a long-lasting and efficient effect; meanwhile, a dust removal method for the electrostatic wet bag dust collector is provided.

Claims

1. A wet cloth bag dust removal device optimized based on a moving electrode, characterized in that: It comprises a box body (10), a storage assembly, a nozzle (40), a fixed electrode assembly (70), a filter bag assembly (80), a cathode assembly (50), a motor assembly (60), and a movable electrode assembly (90); The box body (10) comprises an air inlet (121), a storage chamber (12), and an air outlet (122), which are connected in sequence; The top of the storage chamber (12) is open and is sealed and fixed to the box cover (11) during operation. The storage assembly is arranged below the box body (10), and comprises a front storage assembly (20) and a rear storage assembly (30); The spray head (40) is arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet (121), and an electrospray system is provided on the spray head; The fixed electrode assembly (70) and the movable electrode assembly (90) are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the storage cavity (12); The fixed electrode assembly (70) comprises a plurality of vertically arranged fixed electrode plates in a multi-layer structure with equal spacing, and a plurality of filter bag assemblies (80) are arranged between adjacent fixed electrode plates; A cathode assembly (50) is provided between the plurality of filter bag assemblies (80); The cathode assembly (50) comprises a front T-shaped tube (51), a rear T-shaped tube (52) and a thorn (55); The motor assembly (60) is arranged above the fixed electrode assembly (70); the motor assembly (60) comprises a motor (61), the motor shaft (64) of which is transmission-connected to the movable electrode assembly (90) via a coupling (63); The movable electrode assembly (90) comprises a chain plate (91), a sprocket (92), a brush (96) and a gear set; the chain plate (91) surrounds the sprocket (92) to form a closed loop structure, and is driven to rotate by a motor (61).

2. A wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the thorn (55) are respectively fixed to the front T-shaped tube (51) and the rear T-shaped tube (52), and the T-shaped tube is fixed to the box body (10) by a tube clamp; The front T-shaped tube (51) and the rear T-shaped tube (52) are connected to a high-voltage power source through wires through the front conductive hole (111) and the rear conductive hole (112) on the box cover (11), respectively, to form a closed circuit; The thorns (55) are alloy tube-shaped thorns, and form multiple high-voltage electric fields between the thorns, the fixed electrode assembly (70) and the movable electrode assembly (90).

3. A wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter bag assembly (80) comprises a filter cage (81), a filter bag (82) and a nozzle (83); the filter cage (81) is a metal frame structure; the filter bag (82) is sleeved on the outside of the filter (81); and the nozzle (83) is arranged inside the filter cage (81); The filter bag assemblies (80) are provided in a plurality and arranged in layers front to back with the characteristics of being dense in the front and sparse in the back, and are fixedly connected to adjacent fixed pole plates; The layer-by-layer distribution and front-to-back arrangement have the characteristics of being dense in the front and sparse in the back, which can be achieved by changing the number of filter bag components (80) in each layer, changing the spacing between each layer of the filter bag components (80), or changing the mesh size of the filter bag (82).

4. The wet bag dust collector optimized based on a moving electrode according to claim 3, wherein: The moving electrode assembly (90) further includes a lower sprocket support frame (93) disposed at the bottom of the storage cavity (12) and an upper sprocket support frame (94) disposed on the box cover (11); The chain plate (91) has a closed-loop structure, and several groups are arranged left and right. In each group, sprockets (92) are respectively arranged above and below. The sprockets (92) are respectively rotatably installed on the lower sprocket support frame (93) and the upper sprocket support frame (94), The inner side of the chain plate (91) with the closed-loop structure abuts against the brush (96), and the motor (61) drives the driving sprocket (92) at the upper part of the device through a gear set to rotate, driving the chain plate (91) with the closed-loop structure to rotate.

5. The wet bag dust collector optimized based on a moving electrode according to claim 4, wherein: Both the chain plate (91) and the fixed electrode plate are made of high-temperature resistant alloy steel, and a ceramic high-temperature resistant coating is sprayed on the surface. Among them, the chain plate (91) is a wavy electrode plate, and the fixed electrode plate is a honeycomb electrode plate.

6. The wet bag dust collector optimized based on a moving electrode according to claim 5, wherein: The front storage assembly (20) includes a front storage box (22), and the rear storage assembly (30) includes a rear storage box (32). The openings of the storage boxes face upward, and are respectively used for collecting dust in the areas of the fixed electrode plate assembly (70) and the moving electrode assembly (90); The fixed electrode plate assembly (70) is also provided with a vibration knocking assembly, and vibration knocking causes the dust to fall off and fall into the front storage box (22).

7. The wet bag dust collector optimized based on a moving electrode according to claim 6, wherein: The motor assembly (60) includes a motor (61) and an insulating cavity (62); The insulating cavity (62) is arranged above the fixed electrode plate assembly (70), and the motor (61) is fixed therein.

8. A wet bag dust removal method based on the optimization of a moving electrode, characterized in that: Using the wet bag dust collector optimized based on a moving electrode according to claim 7, includes the following steps: S1. System pre-start: Start the electrospray system of the spray head (40) to make the dust in the dust-containing gas flowing through the air inlet (121) carry droplets and be charged; Start the power supply to supply power to the barbs (55), so that the barbs (55) and the fixed electrode plate assembly (70) and the moving electrode assembly (90) form a uniform and stable corona area; Start the motor (61), and the motor (61) drives the sprocket (92) and the chain plate (91) with the closed-loop structure to rotate, and the moving electrode runs at a constant speed; S2. Zoned dust removal and collaborative capture: During this process, continuously monitor the voltage and current of the electric field, the pressure difference of the filter bag (82), and the rotation speed of the motor (61) through the control panel; Fixed electrode plate assembly area: Part of the charged dust is adsorbed on the fixed electrode plate, and part is intercepted by the filter bag (82); The dust adsorbed on the fixed electrode plate falls off through the vibration knocking mechanism, and the dust intercepted on the filter bag (82) is regularly cleaned by the pulse jet system and all falls into the storage tank; Moving electrode assembly area: Residual dust is adsorbed by the chain plate (91) of the rotating moving electrode assembly (90) and swept into the storage tank by the brush (96) to complete purification.

9. The wet cloth bag dust removal method optimized based on a moving electrode according to claim 8, characterized in that : The flow rate of the electrospray system is 1–2% of the flue gas volume, the particle size is 10–50 μm, and the liquid temperature is 65–75°C; The first half of the fixed electrode plate area belongs to the high temperature zone with a temperature of 180–230°C, and the arrangement interval of the filter bags (82) is 1.5D; The second half of the fixed electrode plate area belongs to the medium temperature zone with a temperature of 130–180°C, and the arrangement interval of the filter bags (82) is 2.5D–3D; The moving electrode area belongs to the low temperature zone with a temperature lower than 130°C and higher than the dew point temperature; Where D is the diameter of the filter bag (82).

10. The wet bag dust removal method optimized based on a moving electrode according to claim 9, characterized in that : When the gas to be purified is acidic / alkaline during operation, an alkaline / acidic neutralizing liquid is correspondingly added to the spray system, and the spray particle size is strictly controlled between 20-50 μm.

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