A wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization, belonging to the technical field of industrial flue gas separation and purification. The device comprises: a housing, a storage assembly, a nozzle, a fixed electrode assembly, a mobile electrode assembly, a filter bag assembly, a cathode assembly, and a motor assembly. The housing is provided with a storage chamber in the middle, the storage chamber is open and has an air inlet and an air outlet at both ends, the air inlet and the air outlet being connected. The storage assembly is located below the housing, and the nozzle is located on one side of the air inlet. The fixed electrode assembly and the mobile electrode assembly are located on the front and rear sides of the storage chamber. The filter bag assembly is located between the fixed electrode plates, and the cathode assembly is located between the filter bag assemblies. The motor assembly drives the anode chain plate of the mobile motor assembly to rotate. The filter bag assembly is coupled and nested with the fixed electrode assembly and the rear-mounted mobile electrode assembly to achieve multi-stage dust removal, which can effectively adsorb and remove dust from the passing gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of industrial flue gas separation and purification, and in particular relates to a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization. Background Art

[0002] Although bag dust collectors have high filtration efficiency, they have problems such as large operating resistance, easy clogging of filter bags and short service life.

[0003] In traditional industrial dust removal technology, electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) rely on high-voltage electric fields to charge dust and then adsorb it on the plates, but their efficiency in capturing high-resistance dust or ultrafine particles is limited.

[0004] Traditional wet dust removal devices mostly use fixed electrode structures, which have problems such as easy corrosion of electrodes and difficulty in cleaning;

[0005] Although mobile plate electrostatic precipitator technology can reduce secondary dust by cleaning the plates, it has defects such as complex structure and high maintenance cost.

[0006] In summary, the existing single dust removal method is difficult to meet the coordinated requirements of high efficiency, low resistance and long life under complex working conditions; and the charging device and the filtering unit in conventional equipment are mostly designed independently, and the charging efficiency and dust agglomeration effect are insufficient, resulting in limited overall dust removal efficiency. Therefore, this field urgently needs a composite dust removal equipment with multi-mechanism coupling, that is, a device that simultaneously has electrostatic pre-charging, fixed plate electrostatic adsorption, bag filtration and mobile plate electrostatic dust removal technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that although the bag dust collector has high filtration efficiency, it has large operating resistance, easy clogging of filter bags and short life. By providing a multi-mechanism coupled wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization, the bag dust removal efficiency is improved, the operating resistance is reduced and the service life of the equipment is extended.

[0008] The present invention provides a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization includes: a box 10, a storage assembly, a nozzle 40, a fixed plate assembly 70, a filter bag assembly 80, a cathode assembly 50, a motor assembly 60, and a mobile electrode assembly 90;

[0010] The box body 10 includes an air inlet 121, a storage cavity 12, and an air outlet 122, which are connected in sequence;

[0011] The top of the storage chamber 12 is open and is sealed and fixed to the box cover 11 during operation.

[0012] The storage assembly is provided below the box body 10 and includes a front storage assembly 20 and a rear storage assembly 30;

[0013] The nozzle 40 is arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet 121 and is provided with an electrospray system;

[0014] The fixed electrode assembly 70 and the movable electrode assembly 90 are respectively disposed on the front and rear sides of the storage cavity 12;

[0015] The fixed plate assembly 70 comprises a plurality of vertically arranged fixed plates in a multi-layer structure with equal spacing, and a plurality of filter bag assemblies 80 are arranged between adjacent fixed plates;

[0016] A cathode assembly 50 is provided between the plurality of filter bag assemblies 80;

[0017] The cathode assembly 50 includes a front T-shaped tube 51, a rear T-shaped tube 52 and a thorn 55;

[0018] The motor assembly 60 is disposed above the fixed electrode assembly 70; the motor assembly 60 includes a motor 61, whose motor shaft 64 is transmission-connected to the movable electrode assembly 90 via a coupling 63;

[0019] The movable electrode assembly 90 includes a chain plate 91 , a sprocket 92 , a brush 96 and a gear set. The chain plate 91 surrounds the sprocket 92 to form a closed loop structure and is driven to rotate by the motor 61 .

[0020] The front and rear ends of the thorn 55 are respectively fixed to the front T-shaped tube 51 and the rear T-shaped tube 52, and the T-shaped tube is fixed to the box body 10 by a tube clamp;

[0021] The front T-shaped tube 51 and the rear T-shaped tube 52 are connected to the high voltage power supply through the front conductive hole 111 and the rear conductive hole 112 on the box cover 11 through wires to form a closed circuit;

[0022] The thorns 55 are alloy tube-shaped thorns, which form multiple high-voltage electric fields between the fixed electrode assembly 70 and the movable electrode assembly 90 .

[0023] The filter bag assembly 80 includes a filter cage 81, a filter bag 82 and a nozzle 83. The filter cage 81 is a metal frame structure. The filter bag 82 is sleeved on the outside of the filter cage 81. The nozzle 83 is arranged inside the filter cage 81.

[0024] The filter bag assembly 80 is provided with a plurality of layers, arranged in front and back in layers with a characteristic of being dense in the front and sparse in the back, and is fixedly connected to the adjacent fixed plates;

[0025] The layered distribution and front-to-back arrangement have the characteristics of being dense in the front and sparse in the back, which can be achieved by changing the number of filter bag assemblies 80 in each layer, changing the spacing between each layer of the filter bag assemblies 80, or changing the mesh size of the filter bag 82.

[0026] The filter bag 82 is made of PPS polyphenylene sulfide high-temperature resistant composite fiber material.

[0027] The movable electrode assembly 90 further includes a lower sprocket support frame 93 provided at the bottom of the storage chamber 12 and an upper sprocket support frame 94 provided on the box cover 11;

[0028] The chain plate 91 is a closed loop structure, with several groups arranged on the left and right. In each group, a sprocket 92 is arranged on the upper and lower parts respectively. The sprockets 92 are rotatably mounted on the lower sprocket support frame 93 and the upper sprocket support frame 94 respectively.

[0029] The inner side of the chain plate 91 of the closed loop structure abuts against the brush 96 , and the motor 61 drives the driving sprocket 92 on the upper part of the device through the gear set to rotate, thereby driving the chain plate 91 of the closed loop structure to rotate.

[0030] The chain plate 91 and the fixed plate are both made of high-temperature resistant alloy steel, and are sprayed with a ceramic high-temperature resistant coating on the surface. The chain plate 91 is a corrugated plate, and the fixed plate is a honeycomb plate.

[0031] The front storage assembly 20 includes a front storage box 22, and the rear storage assembly 30 includes a rear storage box 32. The openings of the storage boxes are both facing upward, and are used to collect dust in the fixed electrode assembly 70 and the movable electrode assembly 90 areas respectively; the fixed electrode assembly 70 is also provided with a vibrating assembly, which vibrates to make the dust fall off and fall into the front storage box 22.

[0032] The motor assembly 60 includes a motor 61 and an insulating cavity 62 ; the insulating cavity 62 is arranged above the fixed plate assembly 70 , and the motor 61 is fixed therein.

[0033] Herein, a method for using the above-mentioned wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: System pre-start

[0035] The electrospray system of the nozzle 40 is activated so that the dust-laden airflow passing through the air inlet 121 carries the liquid droplets and charges them;

[0036] Start the high voltage power supply to supply power to the thorn 55, so that the thorn 55, the fixed electrode assembly 70 and the movable electrode assembly 90 form a uniform and stable corona zone;

[0037] The motor 61 is started, and the motor 61 drives the sprocket 92 and the chain plate 91 of the closed-loop structure to rotate, and the moving electrode runs at a steady speed.

[0038] Step 2: Partitioned dust removal and coordinated capture

[0039] During this process, the control panel continuously monitors the voltage and current of the electric field, the pressure difference of the filter bag 82, and the speed of the motor 61; a dust concentration sensor is installed at the air outlet to detect whether the emission meets the standard in real time;

[0040] Fixed plate assembly area: Part of the charged dust is adsorbed on the fixed plate, and part is trapped by the filter bag 82; the dust adsorbed on the fixed plate is vibrated off by the vibrating mechanism, and the dust trapped on the filter bag 82 is regularly cleaned by the pulse jet system and falls into the storage tank;

[0041] Moving electrode assembly area: The residual dust is adsorbed by the chain plate 91 of the rotating moving electrode assembly 90 and swept into the storage tank by the brush 96 to complete the purification.

[0042] Step 3: Shut down the device after dust removal is completed

[0043] The high voltage power supply is sequentially turned off to stop the formation of the corona zone; the electrospray system is turned off and the liquid flow is cut off; the motor 61 is stopped and the main power supply is turned off after the chain plate 91 stops moving.

[0044] The electrospray system has a flow rate of 1–2% of the flue gas volume, a particle size of 10–50 μm, and a liquid temperature of 65–75°C;

[0045] The front half of the fixed plate belongs to the high temperature zone with a temperature of 180–230°C, and the filter bags 82 are arranged at an interval of 1.5D;

[0046] The rear half of the fixed plate belongs to the medium temperature zone with a temperature of 130–180°C, and the filter bags 82 are arranged at intervals ranging from 2.5D to 3D;

[0047] The moving electrode area belongs to the low temperature zone with a temperature below 130°C and above the dew point temperature;

[0048] Wherein D is the diameter of the filter bag 82.

[0049] When the gas to be purified is acidic / alkaline during operation, alkaline / acidic neutralizing liquid is added to the spray system accordingly, and the spray particle size is strictly controlled between 20-50 μm.

[0050] The present invention provides a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization, which belongs to the field of industrial flue gas purification technology. It includes: a box body, a storage assembly, a nozzle, a fixed electrode assembly, a mobile electrode assembly, a filter bag assembly, a cathode assembly, and a motor assembly; a storage chamber is provided in the middle of the box body, and the storage chamber is open and has an air inlet and an air outlet at both ends, and the air inlet and the air outlet are connected; the storage assembly is provided at the bottom of the box body, and the nozzle is provided on one side of the air inlet; the fixed electrode assembly and the mobile electrode assembly are provided on the front and rear sides of the storage chamber; the filter bag assembly is provided between the several fixed electrode plates, and the cathode assembly is provided between the filter bag assemblies, and the motor assembly drives the anode chain plate of the mobile electrode assembly to rotate. In summary, the scheme of the present invention realizes multi-stage dust removal by coupling and nesting the filter bag assembly and the fixed electrode assembly and the rear-placed mobile electrode assembly, and can efficiently adsorb and remove dust from the passing gas.

[0051] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects after adopting the above technical solution:

[0052] 1. The collaborative design of the front-end wet dust removal and the rear-end mobile electrode dust removal of the present invention not only utilizes the efficient capture capability of the wet dust removal on fine particulate matter, but also avoids the wastewater treatment problem that may be caused by the wet dust removal.

[0053] 2. The technical solution of the present invention reduces the overall operating cost while improving the adaptability and environmental performance of the system.

[0054] 3. The overall device of the present invention adopts a modular design. The front-end electrospray, the middle fixed electrode plate and the rear-end movable electrode plate can be operated and maintained independently, which is convenient for adjustment and optimization according to actual needs, thereby improving the flexibility and scalability of the device and being suitable for industrial flue gas treatment of different scales and types. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization according to the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization according to the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a moving electrode assembly in a wet bag dust removal device based on moving electrode optimization according to the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5This is a top view of the structure of the moving electrode, motor slot and cathode assembly in a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a filter bag assembly in a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization according to the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the adsorption principle of a filter bag assembly in a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization according to the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the electrostatic dust removal process of a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the layered arrangement of filter bag components (filter bags) in the front and back of a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization according to the present invention.

[0064] In the attached figure:

[0065] 10. Box body; 11. Box cover; 12. Storage cavity; 111. Front conductive hole; 112. Rear conductive hole; 121. Air inlet; 122. Air outlet;

[0066] 20. Front storage assembly; 21. Front storage slot; 22. Front storage box;

[0067] 30. Rear storage assembly; 31. Front storage slot; 32. Rear storage box; 40. Printhead;

[0068] 50. Cathode assembly; 51. Front T-shaped tube; 52. Rear T-shaped tube; 53. Front tube clamp; 54. Rear tube clamp; 55. Thorn;

[0069] 60. Motor assembly; 61. Motor; 62. Insulation cavity; 63. Coupling; 64. Motor shaft;

[0070] 70. Fixed plate assembly; 80. Filter bag assembly; 81. Filter cage; 82. Filter bag; 83. Nozzle;

[0071] 90. Moving electrode assembly; 91. Chain plate; 92. Sprocket; 93. Lower sprocket support frame; 94. Upper sprocket support frame; 95. Brush support frame; 96. Brush; 97. Transmission gear; 98. Intermediate gear; 99. First upper gear shaft; 910. Lower gear shaft; 911. Transmission gear support frame; 912. Intermediate gear support frame; 913. Second upper gear shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, Figure 1-6 The present invention is further described in detail with specific embodiments. The embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0073] Example 1:

[0074] A wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization includes: a box 10, a storage assembly, a nozzle 40, a fixed plate assembly 70, a filter bag assembly 80, a cathode assembly 50, a motor assembly 60, and a mobile electrode assembly 90;

[0075] The box body 10 is provided with a storage cavity 12 in the middle, the top of the storage cavity 12 is open, and a box cover 11 is provided when in operation; the front and rear sides of the storage cavity 12 are respectively provided with an air inlet 121 and an air outlet 122; the air inlet 121, the storage cavity 12, and the air outlet 122 are connected in sequence;

[0076] The storage assembly is arranged below the box body 10 and includes a front storage assembly 20 and a rear storage assembly 30;

[0077] The nozzle 40 is arranged at the upper end of the air inlet 121, and provides electrospray to make the dust contain tiny water droplets, thereby achieving the purpose of wet dust removal;

[0078] The fixed electrode assembly 70 and the movable electrode assembly 90 are both disposed in the receiving cavity 12, and are arranged in front and back;

[0079] The fixed plate assembly 70 includes a plurality of vertically arranged fixed plates in a multi-layer structure with equal spacing. A plurality of filter bag assemblies 80 are provided between adjacent fixed plates. A cathode assembly 50 is provided between the plurality of filter bag assemblies 80.

[0080] The cathode assembly 50 includes a front T-shaped tube 51, a rear T-shaped tube 52 and a thorn 55;

[0081] The motor assembly 60 is disposed above the fixed electrode assembly 70 and includes a motor 61 , a motor shaft 64 of which is transmission-connected to the movable electrode assembly 90 via a coupling 63 ;

[0082] The movable electrode assembly 90 includes a chain plate 91 , a sprocket 92 , a brush 96 and a gear set. The chain plate 91 surrounds the sprocket 92 to form a closed loop structure.

[0083] The two ends of the thorn 55 are respectively fixed to the front T-shaped tube 51 and the rear T-shaped tube 52 to form a closed circuit; the front T-shaped tube 51 and the rear T-shaped tube 52 are respectively fixed to the box body 10 by the front tube clamp 53 and the rear tube clamp 54, and are respectively connected to the front conductive hole 111 and the rear conductive hole 112 on the box cover 11 through wires and a high-voltage power supply. The thorn 55 is an alloy tube-shaped thorn;

[0084] The high-voltage power supply forms a closed circuit with the front T-tube 51, the rear T-tube 52 and the thorn 55 through the front and rear wires. After power is turned on, multiple high-voltage electric fields are formed between the thorn 55 and the fixed electrode assembly 70 and the movable electrode assembly 90. Under the high-voltage electric field, the dust particles obtain electric charge and are adsorbed on the anode plate to achieve the purpose of dust collection.

[0085] The nozzle 40 is provided with an electrospray system, in which an appropriate amount of alkaline droplets (such as diluted sodium hydroxide) are added to the spray to neutralize acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride during operation. The spray particle size is strictly controlled between 20-50 μm to ensure that it adheres to the surface of the dust before it is completely vaporized, forming clusters that are quickly adsorbed on the fixed electrode plate (anode plate).

[0086] The filter bag assembly 80 includes a filter cage 81, a filter bag 82 and a nozzle 83. The filter cage 81 is a metal frame structure. The filter bag 82 is sleeved on the outside of the filter cage 81. The nozzle 83 is arranged inside the filter cage 81.

[0087] The filter bag assembly 80 is provided with a plurality of layers, arranged in front and back in layers, with the characteristics of dense front and sparse back, and is fixedly connected to the adjacent fixed plates.

[0088] The above-mentioned layer-by-layer distribution features are dense at the front and sparse at the back, as shown in the attached Figure 8 and attached Figure 9 The number of filter bag assemblies 80 in each layer is the same, the spacing between the filter bag assemblies 80 layers near the inlet is small, and the spacing between the filter bag assemblies 80 layers near the outlet is large.

[0089] In addition, the filter bag assemblies 80 can also be arranged with equal layer spacing, with more filter bag assemblies 80 in the layer near the inlet and fewer filter bag assemblies 80 in the layer near the outlet, thereby achieving a dense front and sparse back effect;

[0090] In addition, the dense-front-and-sparse-back effect can be achieved by controlling the mesh size of the filter bag 82 , that is, the filter bag 82 near the inlet has a small mesh, and the filter bag 82 near the outlet has a larger mesh.

[0091] The filter bag 82 is made of PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) high-temperature resistant composite fiber material.

[0092] The movable electrode assembly 90 also includes a lower sprocket made of high-temperature resistant composite fiber material.

[0093] The movable electrode assembly 90 further includes a lower sprocket support frame 93 and an upper sprocket support frame 94. The lower sprocket support frame 93 is fixed to the box body at the bottom of the storage chamber 12, and the upper sprocket support frame 94 is fixed to the box cover 11. The sprocket 92 is rotatably mounted on the lower sprocket support frame 93 and the upper sprocket support frame 94, respectively. The motor 61 drives the sprocket 92 to rotate through a gear set.

[0094] The chain plate 91 is provided with two groups of closed loop structures on the left and right, with the inner side abutting against the brush 96. Two sprockets 92 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of each group, the upper side is the driving sprocket and the lower side is the driven sprocket; the upper left and right driving sprockets are fixedly connected to the first upper gear shaft 99 and the second upper gear shaft 913 respectively, and rotate synchronously, and the two are rotatably connected to the upper sprocket support frame 94 through their respective gear shafts; the lower left and right driven sprockets are rotatably connected to the lower sprocket support frames 93 on both sides through the lower gear shaft 910;

[0095] The first upper gear shaft 99 and the second upper gear shaft 913 are fixedly connected to the transmission gear 97 at one end near the motor 61; the left and right transmission gears 97 are meshed and driven by an intermediate gear 98, and the intermediate gear 98 is rotatably connected to the intermediate gear support frame 912. The rotation axis of the transmission gear 97 is connected to the transmission gear support frame 911, and the brush 96 is rotatably connected to the brush support frame 95; the intermediate gear support frame 912 and the transmission gear support frame 911 are fixed to the box cover 11, and the brush support frame 95 is fixed to the side wall of the box body 10;

[0096] The second upper gear shaft 913 is in transmission connection with the motor shaft 64 via the coupling 63 , and the motor 61 provides the torque required for the rotation of the closed-loop structure sprocket 92 and the chain plate 91 .

[0097] The chain plate 91 and the fixed plate are both made of high-temperature resistant alloy steel, and are sprayed with a ceramic high-temperature resistant coating on the surface. The chain plate 91 is a wavy plate, and the fixed plate is a honeycomb plate.

[0098] The front storage assembly 20 includes a front storage slot 21 and a front storage box 22 disposed therein;

[0099] The rear storage assembly 30 includes a rear storage slot 31 and a rear storage box 32 disposed therein;

[0100] The opening directions of the front storage box 22 and the rear storage box 32 are both facing upward, and both are slidably connected to their respective storage slots through slide rails. After the electrostatic dust removal device collects enough dust, it is extracted for processing; the fixed plate assembly 70 is provided with a vibrating assembly for vibrating, so that the dust falls off and falls into the front storage box 22, thereby realizing the cleaning of the filter bag 82 and the collection of dust.

[0101] The motor assembly 60 includes a motor 61, an insulating cavity 62, and a coupling 63; the insulating cavity 62 is arranged above the fixed plate assembly 70 and is located in the storage cavity 12, and the motor 61 is fixed therein; when working, the box cover 11 covers the opening of the insulating cavity 62 to form a closed cavity, which provides the function of guiding airflow.

[0102] This embodiment is mainly used in high-temperature flue gas dust removal conditions such as coal-fired power plants. Coal-fired power plants produce high-temperature, high-concentration flue gas during combustion, and the main dust components are concentrated in fly ash and some slag particles; the main fly ash components include silicon dioxide ( )、alumina( )、Iron Oxide( ), carbon (incompletely burned coal powder) and a small amount of sulfate, calcium and other metal oxides; slag particles are minerals and slag fragments that are partially incompletely melted during the combustion process, which are usually large and have a high density; the dust removal system needs to adapt to the needs of high flue gas temperature (generally between 200-400℃), high dust concentration and long-term stable operation.

[0103] The above embodiment is preferably used in actual manufacturing as follows:

[0104] The front storage tank 21 and the rear storage tank 31 can be made of stainless steel, which is corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant, and is suitable for long-term exposure to high-temperature dusty flue gas environments; the front storage box 22 and the rear storage box 32 can be made of engineering plastic (PA66+30% glass fiber), which is lightweight, impact-resistant, and low-cost;

[0105] The barbs 55 are made of high-temperature resistant nickel-chromium alloy tubular barb wire. The tubular barb wire can maintain good stability in high-temperature environments and is not easily deformed. It forms a uniform corona discharge area, improves dust charging efficiency, and forms a stable electric field with the fixed stage plate assembly 70.

[0106] The barbs 55 shown can also be serrated barbed wire, angle steel barbed wire, or fishbone barbed wire. These types of cathode wires offer high discharge intensity and are suitable for applications with high dust concentrations, effectively preventing corona occlusion. Alternatively, non-barbed wires can be used as cathode wires, such as star-shaped wires, twisted star-shaped wires, spiral wires, and V-shaped wires. These types of cathode wires offer more uniform discharge and are suitable for applications with low dust concentrations, fine particles, and high viscosity.

[0107] The fixed plates in the fixed plate assembly 70 are constructed from high-temperature, corrosion-resistant alloy steel, coated with a high-temperature ceramic coating. The plates have a honeycomb structure. The high-temperature ceramic coating enhances heat and corrosion resistance, preventing damage to the plates from corrosive components in the flue gas. The honeycomb structure provides a larger effective dust collection area while ensuring a uniform electric field distribution, improving dust collection efficiency. Combined with airflow control, the honeycomb channels effectively guide airflow, reducing localized flue gas stagnation and ensuring uniform charging.

[0108] The fixed plate assembly 70 can be selected from C-type plates, Z-type plates or corrugated plates, among which: C-type plates have certain strength and rigidity, can expand freely without generating large thermal stress, and can reduce the secondary flying of dust; Z-type plates are suitable for specific electric field structures, can provide better electric field distribution and dust capture effects; corrugated plates increase dust holding capacity by increasing surface area, and at the same time enhance the uniform distribution of airflow.

[0109] The filter bag 82 may be made of PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) high temperature resistant composite fiber material. The PPS material can withstand high temperatures and has good corrosion resistance, and is suitable for coal-fired flue gas environments.

[0110] The meshes of the filter bag 82 are arranged densely in the front and sparsely in the back, that is, the meshes of the filter bag are densely arranged in the higher temperature area (near the inlet) to improve the primary filtration efficiency, while the mesh spacing of the filter bag is increased in the low temperature area (near the outlet) to reduce the risk of clogging and play an auxiliary filtration role.

[0111] High-temperature flue gas gradually cools down after entering the inlet. Temperatures are high near the inlet, resulting in greater dust concentrations. Temperatures drop toward the outlet, resulting in cleaner gas. Densely spaced filter bags at the front end quickly capture large particles and lower flue gas temperatures. A sparsely spaced arrangement at the rear end reduces the risk of localized blockages, improving air penetration and overall throughput.

[0112] Furthermore, the dense-front, sparse-back arrangement creates slight turbulence in the secondary filter bag area, promoting the sedimentation or adhesion of remaining fine dust and improving overall dust removal efficiency. This dense-front, sparse-back arrangement guides dust to settle step by step, achieving "graded filtration" and "distributed cleaning." Adjustable layout allows for "temperature-zone segmented filtration," extending filter bag life.

[0113] The filter cage 81 should be a heat-resistant stainless steel cage made of 316L stainless steel. It is highly heat-resistant and can withstand temperatures up to 1000°C (far exceeding flue gas temperatures). It also has excellent corrosion resistance and contains molybdenum (Mo), which effectively resists sulfide corrosion. Its high mechanical strength allows it to maintain the shape of the filter bag over time, preventing deformation that could reduce filtration efficiency.

[0114] The sprocket 92 is made of 40CrNiMoA material, which has excellent wear resistance, strength and toughness; it is suitable for high temperature and high load conditions and ensures long service life.

[0115] The chain plate 91 is made of 15CrMo alloy steel and its surface is ceramic sprayed; 15CrMo alloy steel is suitable for high temperature and high strength requirements and can withstand temperatures above 400°C; its structure adopts a wavy design, and the wavy surface can effectively enhance the electric field gradient, making it easier for dust to be removed by the cleaning device after being adsorbed on the surface of the plate; it can be used in combination with honeycomb fixed plates to ensure uniform electric field and reduce dust removal blind spots.

[0116] The above gears and shafts can all be made of 42CrMo material, which has high strength and high wear resistance and is suitable for high temperature and high load environments.

[0117] Example 2:

[0118] A wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization, its working principle and specific usage are as follows:

[0119] Working principle: The thorn 55 described in the above embodiment generates corona discharge by applying a high-voltage electric field, ionizing the air to form a large number of free electrons and positive and negative ions, creating conditions for charging dust particles; it, together with the fixed plate assembly 70 and the movable electrode assembly 90, forms a non-uniform electric field, ensuring that the charged particles are adsorbed onto the dust collecting electrode (anode) under the action of the electric field force.

[0120] Working principle of one side of the mobile electrode assembly 90:

[0121] The starting motor 61 drives the sprocket 92 and the chain plate 91 to rotate. The rotating chain plate 91 acts as an anode plate to form an electric field with the thorn 55, providing an electric field force to adsorb dust on the chain plate 91 of the moving electrode assembly 90.

[0122] The brush 96 is disposed inside the chain plate 91 . The brush 96 directly contacts the movable chain plate 91 , thereby removing dust attached to the chain plate 91 , and the dust falls into the front storage box 22 for collection.

[0123] Working principle of the fixed plate assembly 70 side:

[0124] The electrospray system of the nozzle 40 enhances the charging capacity of dust, making it easier for wet particles to carry charges, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent electrostatic adsorption; acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride in high-temperature exhaust gas are initially neutralized at the inlet, reducing corrosion to downstream equipment (electrode plates and filter bags); dust cohesion is enhanced, and droplets promote the formation of clusters of ultrafine particles, which is convenient for subsequent physical capture; the filter bag material is protected, and the alkaline environment reduces the acidity of the flue gas, prolongs the life of the filter bag, and stabilizes the structural fiber performance; in coordination with the back-end electrostatic system, the weakly charged dust clusters formed by pretreatment are more easily quickly adsorbed or intercepted in the coupling area between the fixed electrode plate and the filter bag assembly.

[0125] The fixed electrode assembly 70 serves as a dust collecting electrode. The fixed electrode and the thorns 55 together form an electrostatic field. The thorns 55 generate corona discharge to ionize the air, and the dust particles acquire charges in the electric field.

[0126] A non-uniform electric field is formed between the fixed electrode assembly 70 and the thorns 55, providing an electric field force for the movement of dust particles. Under the action of the electric field force, the charged dust moves toward the fixed electrode assembly 70 and deposits.

[0127] The fixed electrode assemblies 70 are evenly spaced. This structural design effectively optimizes the electric field intensity distribution within each dust collecting gap while ensuring a balanced charge storage at each electrode plate. This results in a more stable and consistent electrostatic adsorption effect within each dust collecting gap, significantly improving the electrostatic adsorption efficiency and dust collection performance of the entire electrostatic precipitator.

[0128] The main function of the filter bag assembly 80 is to filter dust-laden gas and separate dust from gas. The nozzle 83 inside the filter bag 82 uses pulsed airflow to blow away the deposited fly ash particles, that is, to prevent dust from clogging the filter bag 82 by backblowing with low-pressure airflow or blowing with compressed air. The electrostatic field formed by the fixed plate assembly 70 and the barbs 55 is used to adsorb the blown dust.

[0129] The fixed plate assembly 70 is then vibrated by the vibrating device to cause the dust to fall off and fall into the rear storage box 32 , thereby completing the cleaning of the filter bag 82 and the collection of the dust.

[0130] Next, a method for using a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization according to the present invention will be described in detail:

[0131] Step 1: System pre-startup phase

[0132] Spray pretreatment: Activate the electrospray system of nozzle 40, turning on the electrospray device at the air inlet and the spray additive pumping system. Adjust the spray volume and particle size of alkaline droplets (such as diluted sodium hydroxide or ammonia) to ensure they adhere to the dust surface before the high-temperature airflow completely vaporizes. The alkaline droplets initially moisten the dust, enhancing its charge capacity and facilitating subsequent electrostatic adsorption. The alkaline components partially neutralize acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride, reducing corrosion on the plates and filter bags. Furthermore, they enhance the cohesion of ultrafine dust, causing it to form clusters for easier adsorption and capture.

[0133] Electric field start-up and stable control: Start the high-voltage power supply to power the thorn 55, so that the thorn 55, the fixed plate assembly 70 and the mobile electrode assembly 90 form a uniform and strong high-temperature electric field; monitor the electric field voltage and corona discharge current to ensure stable operation of the corona zone.

[0134] The motor and the moving electrode are started: the motor 61 is started, and the motor drives the sprocket 92 and the chain plate 91 of the closed-loop structure to start rotating, ensuring that the moving electrode runs at a stable speed.

[0135] For precise spraying, adjust the electrospray system flow rate (10–50µm particle size), keeping the particle size no smaller than 10µm to prevent complete vaporization and no larger than 50µm to prevent droplet deposition. Control the spray volume to 1–2% of the flue gas volume, and keep the liquid temperature slightly above the dew point (65–75°C) to avoid condensation. Pre-dehumidify high-humidity flue gas (silica gel / heat exchange tower).

[0136] Step 2: Partitioned dust removal and coordinated capture

[0137] A multi-stage dust removal strategy is adopted, with filter bags nested in a coupling relationship with fixed plates and mobile electrodes positioned at the rear. Through the "temperature segmentation + structural coupling + dynamic compensation" approach, particle size classification capture, dynamic dust cleaning coordination, and air duct unobstructed control are achieved.

[0138] The front half of the fixed electrode area is a high-temperature area. The filter bags in this area are densely arranged and interspersed between the fixed electrodes. The front end is close to the air inlet, where the gas temperature is the highest. The high-temperature area is responsible for primary electrostatic capture.

[0139] Primary charged dust is first filtered and adsorbed by the filter bags, while simultaneously being affected by the electric field between the barbs 55 and the fixed plate assembly 70. Large dust particles (>10μm) settle directly due to inertia, while fine particles are adsorbed on the plates in the strong electric field. Simultaneously, the densely packed filter bags increase resistance and disturbance, effectively reducing gas temperature. Furthermore, the plates are regularly vibrated, and dust falls into the front collection box 22, where the filter bags are dynamically cleaned through pulsed spraying. Dust raised by the plate vibration may be captured again by adjacent filter bags, thus preventing the impact of secondary dust.

[0140] The rear half of the fixed plate section belongs to the medium-temperature zone. The number of filter bags in this area is reduced, and the overall arrangement is sparse, reducing flow resistance, enhancing ventilation penetration, and strengthening electrostatically assisted filtration. In the medium-temperature zone, residual fine particles (1–10 μm) are adsorbed by the residual plate electric field under the effects of deceleration, cooling, and disturbance. Simultaneously, the sparse filter bags further capture leaked particles from the high-temperature zone, forming a distributed secondary filtration barrier. This structure improves the efficiency of electrostatic dust removal: it has a turbulence-inducing effect, creating a slight disturbance in the gas between the sparse filter bags, promoting the sedimentation of fine particles. It can also be linked to dust cleaning, with filter bag pressure differential monitoring triggering pulse injection, which works in conjunction with plate vibration to maintain filtration efficiency. It also maintains system balance. This section addresses the multiple goals of "dust removal + resistance reduction + flux" and is the core section for efficient transition.

[0141] The moving electrode area is located in the low-temperature zone. A moving electrode group is installed at the end of the system. The airflow temperature has dropped to a low temperature range, resulting in an extremely low residual dust concentration. This group is primarily responsible for finely collecting particles in the dynamic electric field. Operation: Motor 61 drives chain plate 91, and the moving electrode group travels through the electric field. Simultaneously, the constantly changing electric field disturbance increases the charge rate of ultrafine particles, enhancing capture efficiency. Furthermore, the moving electrode structure mitigates back-corona, offering energy-saving advantages. Dust accumulated on the electrode plates is scraped off by brushes 96 times and deposited into a rear-mounted storage box 32. This fully enclosed process prevents secondary dust generation. The group is used to capture escaping particles (<1μm). This ensures that the final outlet air cleanliness meets standards, serving as a highly efficient "backstop." Ultimately, this ensures that the final airflow meets emission standards.

[0142] Step 3: Shut down the device

[0143] Normal shutdown procedure: Turn off the high-voltage power supply and stop the corona discharge; shut down the spray system, cut off the water and additive flow; stop motor 61, stop the chain plate 91, and then turn off the main power supply. Emergency shutdown procedure: Press the emergency stop button to immediately cut off all power and air sources; restart the equipment after troubleshooting (such as electric field short circuit, filter bag damage).

[0144] Step 4: Operation monitoring and maintenance

[0145] Real-time monitoring system: The control panel continuously monitors the electric field voltage, current, filter bag pressure difference, and motor speed; the dust concentration sensor detects the outlet emission value in real time to ensure that the emission meets the standard.

[0146] Maintenance measures: Clean the nozzle 40 regularly to prevent nozzle clogging; check the wear of the brush 96 to ensure dust removal efficiency;

[0147] Clean the filter bag 82 and check whether the filter cage 81 structure is deformed or loose; calibrate the high-voltage power supply system; lubricate the sprocket 91 and the transmission gear 97 to ensure smooth movement of the system.

[0148] During operation, control of various indicators:

[0149] 1. Humidity control: The safe range of flue gas relative humidity is recommended to be controlled at 40%~60%RH. There are risks when the humidity is too high or too low.

[0150] (1) Humidity is too high (RH>75%): electric field breakdown, spark discharge; dust condensation adheres to the plates / filter bags, forming "mud cakes"; metal corrosion, dust cleaning is hindered; efficiency decreases or equipment short circuits.

[0151] (2) Humidity is too low (RH < 30): the charging capacity of particles decreases; spark discharge causes fire; static electricity accumulates and ages the filter bag.

[0152] (3) Humidity control method: Perform precise spraying and adjust the flow rate of the electrospray system (particle size 10–50 µm). The particle size should not be less than 10 µm to prevent complete vaporization and should not be greater than 50 µm to prevent droplet deposition. The spray volume should be controlled at 1–2% of the flue gas volume, and the liquid temperature should be slightly higher than the dew point (65–75°C) to avoid condensation. Pre-dehumidification of high-humidity flue gas (silica gel / heat exchange tower).

[0153] (4) Humidity and electrode risk prevention: The monitoring and alarm system is linked to the PID control of the inlet humidity sensor, with an alarm or shutdown when the limit is exceeded; the high-voltage insulator uses a hydrophilic dust-repellent coating, the bottom of the electrode area is equipped with an automatic condensate discharge, and the filter bag frame is equipped with a drying and ventilation gap; the power is automatically cut off when the spray is interrupted, and the electric field short circuit immediately triggers the power-off protection. Redundant temperature and humidity sensors prevent misjudgment. Operation follows the following principles: 1. Preheating before startup: The interior of the dust collector needs to be heated and dried in advance (30-60 minutes) before increasing the pressure.

[0154] (5) Drying with residual air after shutdown: After the high voltage power is cut off, the induced air needs to continue for 5-10 minutes to remove all moisture.

[0155] 2. Temperature range of high temperature / medium temperature / low temperature zone

[0156] (1) High temperature zone: Its temperature range is 180–230°C. It is located in front of the fixed plate and has densely arranged filter bags. This area is mainly responsible for rapid cooling and large dust capture. If the inlet flue gas temperature exceeds 230°C, a cooler (such as a heat exchanger or spray cooling device) must be installed to prevent high temperature from damaging the filter bags or causing equipment failure.

[0157] (2) Medium temperature zone: Its temperature range is 130–180°C. It is located at the rear of the fixed plate and the filter bags are relatively sparsely arranged. This area focuses on filtering fine dust particles while stabilizing the airflow distribution and improving the dust settling effect. If the flue gas temperature is still above 150°C before entering the low temperature zone, the heat exchange cooling system must be forced to start to prevent the subsequent low temperature zone from overheating or burning of the filter bags.

[0158] (3) Low temperature zone: Its temperature is below 130°C. Located at the end of the moving plate, it is responsible for fine filtration of exhaust gas to ensure that emissions meet standards. This area requires strict temperature control to avoid overcooling (e.g., below the dew point, causing condensation corrosion) or residual high temperature (e.g., causing filter bag breakdown). Temperature fluctuations must be monitored throughout the process to ensure that the low temperature zone is always within a safe range (no more than 130°C and above the dew point temperature). If necessary, air cooling or waste heat recovery can be used to adjust the temperature.

[0159] 3. Filter bag arrangement spacing: The filter bag arrangement should take into account the filtration efficiency, smooth air flow and cleaning effect.

[0160] (1) High temperature zone (front section densely packed): The arrangement interval is 1.5D (D is the diameter of the filter bag 82 supported by the filter cage), which increases the filtration area of the filter bag 82, quickly cools down and intercepts large particles, making it moderately dense but not compressing the airflow.

[0161] (2) Medium temperature zone (loose rear section): The arrangement interval range is 2.5D–3D to prevent blockage and enhance turbulence and dust sedimentation.

[0162] In actual engineering, if the diameter of the filter bag 82 is D=160mm, the distance between the filter bags in the high temperature zone is ≈240mm, and the distance between the filter bags in the medium temperature zone is ≈400–480mm.

[0163] In summary, in the present invention, the nozzle 40 uses an electrospray device to carry droplets of dust and pre-charge it; the charged dust is adsorbed in the electrostatic field formed by the fixed electrode plate 70 and the thorns 55; the escaped fine particles are intercepted by the filter bag 82 under the action of the electric field force interference, and accumulate on the surface of the filter bag 82 to form a dust layer, which collects the remaining fine fly ash particles, greatly improving the filtration efficiency; finally, the remaining very few dust particles are adsorbed by the electric field formed by the mobile electrode assembly 90 and the thorns 55, thereby providing a wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization, which uses fixed electrode plates and mobile electrode plates to adsorb and collect dust, purify and remove dust, and has a long-lasting and efficient effect; at the same time, a dust removal method for an electrostatic wet bag dust removal device is provided.

Claims

1. A wet bag dust removal method based on mobile electrode optimization, characterized by: A wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization is used, which includes the following steps: S1. System pre-start: Starting the electrospray system of the nozzle (40) so that the dust-laden airflow flowing through the air inlet (121) carries the liquid droplets and charges them; Starting a power source to supply power to the thorn (55), so that the thorn (55), the fixed electrode assembly (70) and the movable electrode assembly (90) form a uniform and stable corona zone; The motor (61) is started, and the motor (61) drives the sprocket (92) and the chain plate (91) of the closed-loop structure to rotate, and the moving electrode runs at a steady speed; S2. Partitioned dust removal and collaborative capture: During this process, the voltage and current of the electric field, the pressure difference of the filter bag (82), and the speed of the motor (61) are continuously monitored through the control panel; Fixed plate assembly area: part of the charged dust is adsorbed on the fixed plate, and part is retained by the filter bag (82); the dust adsorbed on the fixed plate is vibrated off by the vibrating mechanism, and the dust retained on the filter bag (82) is regularly cleaned by the pulse jet system and falls into the storage tank; Moving electrode assembly area: residual dust is adsorbed by the chain plate (91) of the rotating moving electrode assembly (90) and swept into the receiving tank by the brush (96), completing the purification; The electrospray system has a flow rate of 1–2% of the flue gas volume, a particle size of 10–50 μm, and a liquid temperature of 65–75°C; The front half of the fixed plate belongs to the high temperature zone with a temperature of 180–230°C, and the filter bags (82) are arranged at an interval of 1.5D; The rear half of the fixed plate belongs to the medium temperature zone with a temperature of 130–180°C, and the filter bags (82) are arranged at intervals of 2.5D–3D; The moving electrode area belongs to the low temperature zone, the temperature is lower than 130℃ and higher than the dew point temperature; Where D is the diameter of the filter bag (82); The wet bag dust removal device based on mobile electrode optimization comprises a housing (10), a storage assembly, a nozzle (40), a fixed plate assembly (70), a filter bag assembly (80), a cathode assembly (50), a motor assembly (60), and a mobile electrode assembly (90); The box body (10) comprises an air inlet (121), a storage cavity (12), and an air outlet (122), which are connected in sequence; The top of the storage chamber (12) is open, and during operation, the top is sealed and fixed to the box cover (11); The storage assembly is arranged below the box body (10), and comprises a front storage assembly (20) and a rear storage assembly (30); The nozzle (40) is arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet (121), and an electrospray system is provided on the nozzle; The fixed electrode assembly (70) and the movable electrode assembly (90) are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the storage cavity (12); The fixed electrode assembly (70) comprises a plurality of vertically arranged fixed electrode plates in a multi-layer structure with equal spacing, and a plurality of filter bag assemblies (80) are arranged between adjacent fixed electrode plates; A cathode assembly (50) is provided between the plurality of filter bag assemblies (80); The cathode assembly (50) includes a front T-shaped tube (51), a rear T-shaped tube (52), and a thorn (55); The motor assembly (60) is arranged above the fixed electrode assembly (70); the motor assembly (60) includes a motor (61), whose motor shaft (64) is transmission-connected to the movable electrode assembly (90) via a coupling (63); The movable electrode assembly (90) comprises a chain plate (91), a sprocket (92), a brush (96) and a gear set, wherein the chain plate (91) surrounds the sprocket (92) to form a closed loop structure and is driven to rotate by a motor (61); The front and rear ends of the thorn (55) are respectively fixed to the front T-shaped tube (51) and the rear T-shaped tube (52), and the T-shaped tube is fixed to the box (10) through a tube clamp; The front T-shaped tube (51) and the rear T-shaped tube (52) are connected to a high-voltage power supply through wires through the front conductive hole (111) and the rear conductive hole (112) on the box cover (11), respectively, to form a closed circuit; The thorns (55) are alloy tube-shaped thorns, which form multiple high-voltage electric fields between the fixed electrode assembly (70) and the movable electrode assembly (90); The filter bag assembly (80) comprises a filter cage (81), a filter bag (82) and a nozzle (83); the filter cage (81) is a metal frame structure; the filter bag (82) is sleeved on the outside of the filter (81); and the nozzle (83) is arranged inside the filter cage (81); The filter bag assemblies (80) are provided in a plurality and arranged in layers front to back with a characteristic of being dense in the front and sparse in the back, and are fixedly connected to adjacent fixed plates; The layer-by-layer distribution and front-to-back arrangement have a front-dense and back-sparse characteristic, which can be achieved by changing the number of filter bag assemblies (80) in each layer, changing the spacing between each layer of the filter bag assemblies (80), or changing the mesh size of the filter bag (82); The movable electrode assembly (90) further comprises a lower sprocket support frame (93) provided at the bottom of the storage chamber (12) and an upper sprocket support frame (94) provided on the box cover (11); The chain plate (91) is a closed loop structure, with several groups arranged on the left and right. A sprocket (92) is arranged on the upper and lower parts of each group. The sprockets (92) are rotatably mounted on the lower sprocket support frame (93) and the upper sprocket support frame (94). The inner side of the chain plate (91) of the closed-loop structure abuts against the brush (96), and the motor (61) drives the driving sprocket (92) on the upper part of the gear group drive device to rotate, thereby driving the chain plate (91) of the closed-loop structure to rotate; The chain plate (91) and the fixed plate are both made of high-temperature resistant alloy steel, and are sprayed with a ceramic high-temperature resistant coating on the surface, wherein the chain plate (91) is a corrugated plate, and the fixed plate is a honeycomb plate; The front storage assembly (20) includes a front storage box (22), and the rear storage assembly (30) includes a rear storage box (32), the openings of the storage boxes both facing upward, and respectively used for collecting dust in the fixed electrode assembly (70) and the movable electrode assembly (90) areas; the fixed electrode assembly (70) is also provided with a vibration assembly, which vibrates to cause dust to fall off and fall into the front storage box (22); The motor assembly (60) comprises a motor (61) and an insulating cavity (62); the insulating cavity (62) is arranged above the fixed pole plate assembly (70), and the motor (61) is fixed therein.

2. A wet bag dust removal method based on mobile electrode optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that : When the gas to be purified is acidic / alkaline during operation, alkaline / acidic neutralizing liquid is added to the spray system accordingly, and the spray particle size is strictly controlled between 20-50 μm.

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