A multi-layer aeration device for aerobic composting fermentation

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of aerobic composting fermentation, and specifically to a multi-layer aeration device for aerobic composting fermentation, comprising a fermentation tank, wherein a stirring aeration component is installed in the fermentation tank, and a loosening component is installed on the stirring aeration component. The present invention is used for aeration during aerobic composting fermentation, and the present invention can continuously change the air intake amount and the air intake angle to optimize air distribution, thereby avoiding the problem of local hypoxia or excessive aeration of compost raw materials, and ensuring the quality of compost products. When the air intake amount is continuously changed, the present invention can make the air have greater penetrating power, further optimize the air distribution, thereby avoiding local hypoxia and ensuring the quality of compost products. At the same time, the present invention can also loosen and turn the compost raw materials, thereby completely removing the parts of the compost raw materials that are adhered and lumped, ensuring that the compost raw materials are fully in contact with the air, and increasing the fermentation efficiency of the compost raw materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aerobic composting and fermentation, in particular to a multi-layer aeration device for aerobic composting and fermentation. Background Art

[0002] Aerobic composting fermentation is a biological treatment technology that uses aerobic microorganisms to decompose organic waste (such as straw, livestock and poultry manure, kitchen waste, etc.) under aerobic conditions. During the aerobic composting fermentation process, an aeration device is required to maintain sufficient oxygen supply inside the compost raw materials to promote microbial activity.

[0003] Existing aeration devices for aerobic composting fermentation widely use a combination of stirring blades and aeration holes to maintain sufficient oxygen supply inside the compost body. While the stirring blades are driven by the hollow structure of the stirring shaft to stir the compost raw materials, air is introduced into the middle structure of the stirring shaft, so that the air enters the compost raw materials through the hollow structure of the stirring shaft and the aeration holes of the stirring blades.

[0004] Existing aeration devices for aerobic composting fermentation may have the following problems when introducing air into the compost raw materials: 1. Since the aeration holes on the stirring blades have a fixed aperture and a fixed angle, when air enters the compost raw materials through the aeration holes, there may be a problem of uneven air distribution, causing the compost raw materials to suffer from local hypoxia or excessive aeration, thereby reducing the quality of the compost product; 2. Since the compost raw materials are sticky and clumping, when the compost raw materials are stirred by the existing stirring blades, the stirring blades are difficult to completely break up the stuck and clumped compost raw materials, resulting in insufficient contact between air and the compost raw materials, affecting the fermentation efficiency of the compost raw materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a multi-layer aeration device for aerobic compost fermentation, comprising a fermentation tank, a stirring aeration component installed in the fermentation tank, and a loosening component installed on the stirring aeration component; the stirring aeration component comprises a stirring shaft with a hollow structure rotatably installed in the fermentation tank, a driving member is connected between the upper end of the stirring shaft and the fermentation tank, an air inlet member is also connected between the stirring shaft and the fermentation tank, and a plurality of groups of stirring blades uniformly arranged up and down are fixedly installed on the lower outer side of the stirring shaft, each group of stirring blades includes a plurality of stirring blades uniformly arranged circumferentially, and a plurality of stirring blades are provided on the stirring blades. Aeration holes are evenly arranged along its length, and the aeration holes on the mixing blades are connected to the hollow structure of the mixing shaft. The mixing blades are equipped with variable diameter aeration parts, and the air inlet parts are equipped with matching parts. The matching parts are used to cooperate with the variable diameter aeration parts to control the continuous change of aeration volume and air inlet angle; the loosening component includes a connecting plate fixedly installed on the mixing blade through multiple support blocks, and the connecting plate is equipped with two symmetrically arranged loosening plates through a linkage synchronization part. The linkage synchronization part is used to drive the two loosening plates to move synchronously inward and outward, and the linkage synchronization part can also drive the loosening plate to turn over the compost raw materials. The lower end of the loosening plate is set as a comb tooth structure.

[0006] Preferably, the air inlet member includes a fixed rod with a hollow structure rotatably installed in the stirring shaft, a plurality of evenly arranged through holes are opened on the outside of the fixed rod, the lower end of the fixed rod rotates through the stirring shaft and is fixedly connected to the fermentation tank, and an air inlet pipe is connected between the lower end of the fixed rod and the fermentation tank.

[0007] Preferably, the variable diameter aeration element includes two symmetrically arranged sliding plates slidably mounted on the stirring blades through two No. 1 connecting rods, and the ends of the two sliding plates close to the stirring shaft are fixedly mounted with transmission rods, and the ends of the two transmission rods close to the stirring shaft slide through the stirring shaft and are fixedly mounted with square plates, and a return spring is connected between the square plate and the stirring shaft, and a matching column block is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the square plate.

[0008] Preferably, the mating part includes a circular plate fixedly mounted on the outside of the fixed rod at the position corresponding to the stirring blade, and a plurality of evenly arranged No. 1 mating blocks and No. 2 mating blocks are fixedly mounted on the lower end of the circular plate, and the back sides of the plurality of No. 1 mating blocks and the opposite sides of the plurality of No. 2 mating blocks are all arranged as inclined surfaces that cooperate with the mating column blocks.

[0009] Preferably, air outlet holes of the same size as the aeration holes are provided at positions corresponding to the aeration holes on the sliding plate, a plurality of variable diameter holes are provided on the sliding plate on the side of the air outlet holes close to the stirring shaft, and the sizes of the variable diameter holes decrease successively, a plurality of angle adjustment holes are provided on the sliding plate on the side of the air outlet holes away from the stirring shaft, and the two adjacent angle adjustment holes are inclined away from each other on the side away from the stirring blades.

[0010] Preferably, the stirring shaft is connected to the aeration hole of the stirring blade through a circular hole, and a plug is fixedly installed on the side of the square plate away from the middle of the stirring shaft. The end of the plug away from the square plate is set as a frustum structure, and the taper of the plug frustum structure decreases from bottom to top.

[0011] Preferably, the linkage synchronization component includes a linkage rod installed in the connecting plate through a top spring, and the linkage rod is slidably connected to the connecting plate along the length direction of the linkage rod, and a plurality of evenly arranged separation blocks are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the linkage rod, and the side of the separation block close to the stirring shaft is set to a trapezoidal structure. The linkage synchronization component also includes two symmetrically arranged give way plates slidably installed on the connecting plate through a connecting spring, and a plurality of evenly arranged round rods are fixedly installed on opposite sides of the two give way plates, and the side of the round rod away from the give way plate is arranged in contact with the inclined surface of the separation block.

[0012] Preferably, transmission plates are installed on the opposite sides of the two give way plates in a sliding manner along their length direction, and a rotating shaft is installed on the side of the transmission plate away from the give way plate to slide through the connecting plate and rotatably install the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the corresponding loose material plate, and a plurality of evenly arranged sliding column blocks are fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the transmission plate, and the positions corresponding to the sliding column blocks in the connecting plate are provided with corrugated grooves, and the corrugated grooves are slidably connected to the corresponding sliding column blocks.

[0013] Preferably, a rotating part is connected between the rotating shaft of the loosening plate and the transmission plate, and the rotating part includes a sealing plate slidably sleeved on the outside of the transmission plate, and the sealing plate is slidably connected to the connecting plate through the No. 2 connecting rod, and the rotating part also includes two symmetrically arranged elastic matching rods fixedly mounted on the upper side of the loosening plate rotating shaft, and the upper end of the elastic matching rod is hinged with a square rod, and the square rod and its corresponding sealing plate are fixedly connected.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of circumferentially evenly arranged arc-shaped linkage blocks are fixedly installed at positions corresponding to the linkage rods on the inner side of the fermenter, and one side of the arc-shaped linkage blocks close to the center of the fermenter is provided with an inclined surface matching the linkage rods.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention continuously changes the air intake volume and intake angle by arranging a variable-diameter aeration member to optimize the air distribution, thereby avoiding local hypoxia or excessive aeration of the compost raw materials and ensuring the quality of the compost product. At the same time, the present invention drives the two comb-tooth structure loosening plates to move synchronously inward and outward by arranging a linkage synchronization member, so that the loosening plates loosen the compost raw materials and remove the compost raw materials that are stuck and lumped, thereby ensuring that the compost raw materials are fully in contact with the air and increasing the fermentation efficiency of the compost raw materials.

[0016] 2. When the size of the variable diameter hole corresponding to the aeration hole of the stirring shaft becomes smaller, the present invention gradually inserts the frustum-shaped insert into the circular hole of the stirring shaft, so that the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the air entering the circular hole of the stirring shaft is gradually reduced, and the flow rate of the air through the variable diameter hole is increased, so that the air can have greater penetration, further optimize the air distribution, avoid local hypoxia, and ensure the quality of the compost product.

[0017] 3. When the two loosening plates move synchronously inward and outward, the present invention drives the two loosening plates to move back and forth along the length direction of the stirring blade by arranging the cooperation of the sliding column block and the corrugated groove, thereby increasing the loosening effect of the loosening plates on the compost raw materials. At the same time, the present invention drives the loosening plates to rotate away from each other with the rotating shaft as the reference by arranging a rotating part, so that the loosening plates turn over the compost raw materials, further increasing the loosening effect of the loosening plates on the compost raw materials, thereby further increasing the fermentation efficiency of the compost raw materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fermentation tank after part is cut away.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention after the fermentation tank and the stirring and aeration component are partially removed.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the stirring aeration component of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the sliding plate of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a plan view of the sliding plate and the insert block arranged from bottom to top according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the loose material assembly after a portion of the connecting plate is cut away according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the partial structure of the loose material component of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sliding plate of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 1: Fermentation tank; 11: Arc linkage block; 2: Stirring and aerating assembly; 21: Stirring shaft; 22: Air inlet; 221: Fixed rod; 222: Air inlet pipe; 23: Stirring blade; 24: Variable diameter aeration element; 241: Sliding plate; 242: Transmission rod; 243: Square plate; 244: Return spring; 245: Matching column block; 246: Air outlet; 247: Variable diameter hole; 248: Angle adjustment hole; 249: Insert; 25: Matching element ; 251, round plate; 252, matching block No. 1; 253, matching block No. 2; 3, loosening assembly; 31, connecting plate; 32, linkage synchronization member; 321, linkage rod; 322, extension spring; 323, separation block; 324, connecting spring; 325, give way plate; 326, round rod; 327, transmission plate; 328, sliding column block; 33, loosening plate; 34, rotating part; 341, sealing plate; 342, elastic matching rod; 343, square rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. If no specific techniques or conditions are specified in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or the product instructions shall be followed.

[0030] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 A multi-layer aeration device for aerobic composting fermentation includes a fermentation tank 1, a stirring aeration component 2 is installed in the fermentation tank 1, and a loosening component 3 is installed on the stirring aeration component 2; wherein, the fermentation tank 1 includes a fermentation tank body and a support seat, a feed port is opened at the upper end of the fermentation tank body, and the feed port is connected to an external feeding device, an exhaust pipe is also installed at the upper end of the fermentation tank body, and a discharge port is installed at the lower part of the fermentation tank body, and the discharge port is in a closed state during the fermentation process.

[0031] The present invention is used for aeration during aerobic composting fermentation, and the present invention can continuously change the air intake volume and the air intake angle, optimize the air distribution, and thus avoid local hypoxia or excessive aeration of the compost raw materials, thereby ensuring the quality of the compost product. At the same time, the present invention can also loosen the compost raw materials, ensure that the compost raw materials are in full contact with the air, and increase the fermentation efficiency of the compost raw materials.

[0032] Specifically, the compost raw materials are loaded into the fermentation tank body from the feed port of the fermentation tank body through an external loading device, and then the stirring and aeration component 2 is started to stir the compost raw materials, and the stirring and aeration component 2 is controlled to allow air to pass into the compost raw materials. The stirring and aeration component 2 can control the continuous change of the oxygen amount and the air intake angle. At the same time, the stirring and aeration component 2 drives the loosening component 3 to loosen the raw materials to ensure that oxygen and the raw materials are fully in contact. Finally, when the compost raw materials are fermented, the discharge port is opened and the compost product is taken out from the discharge port.

[0033] See Figure 2-Figure 4 The stirring and aeration assembly 2 includes a stirring shaft 21 with a hollow structure rotatably installed in the fermentation tank 1, a driving member is connected between the upper end of the stirring shaft 21 and the fermentation tank 1, and an air inlet member 22 is also connected between the stirring shaft 21 and the fermentation tank 1. A plurality of stirring blade groups uniformly arranged up and down are fixedly installed on the lower outer side of the stirring shaft 21. Each stirring blade group includes a plurality of stirring blades 23 uniformly arranged circumferentially. The stirring blades 23 are provided with a plurality of aeration holes uniformly arranged along the length direction thereof, and the aeration holes on the stirring blades 23 are all connected to the hollow structure of the stirring shaft 21. Variable diameter aeration members 24 are installed on the stirring blades 23, and a matching member 25 is installed on the air inlet member 22. The matching member 25 is used to cooperate with the variable diameter aeration member 24 to control the continuous change of the aeration amount and the air inlet angle.

[0034] It should be noted that the driving member in the present invention includes a motor. The upper end of the stirring shaft 21 rotates through the fermentation tank body and is fixedly connected to the motor output shaft. The motor is fixedly installed on the upper end of the fermentation tank body through the motor frame. The stirring shaft 21 is driven to rotate continuously by starting the motor.

[0035] The stirring and aerating component 2 is used to stir the compost raw materials, and the stirring and aerating component 2 is also used to introduce oxygen into the compost raw materials. Specifically, the starting driving member drives the stirring blade 23 to rotate through the stirring shaft 21, so that the stirring blade 23 stirs the compost raw materials. At the same time, the air inlet 22 is connected to the external blower, and air is introduced into the air inlet 22 by starting the external blower, so that the air passes through the hollow structure of the stirring shaft 21 and enters the compost raw materials from the aeration holes of the stirring blade 23, so that the compost raw materials are in contact with oxygen, and then aerated when the compost raw materials are fermented. At the same time, the matching member 25 and the variable diameter aeration member 24 cooperate to control the continuous change of the aeration amount and the air inlet angle, thereby optimizing the air distribution, avoiding local hypoxia or local excessive aeration, and ensuring the quality of the compost product.

[0036] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 The air intake member 22 includes a fixed rod 221 of a hollow structure rotatably installed in the stirring shaft 21. A plurality of evenly arranged through holes are opened on the outside of the fixed rod 221. The lower end of the fixed rod 221 rotates through the stirring shaft 21 and is fixedly connected to the fermentation tank 1. An air intake pipe 222 is connected between the lower end of the fixed rod 221 and the fermentation tank 1.

[0037] The air intake member 22 is used to introduce air into the compost raw materials; specifically, the air intake pipe 222 is first connected to an external blower, and air is introduced into the air intake pipe 222 by starting the external blower, so that the air passes through the air intake pipe 222 and the hollow structure of the fixed rod 221 in turn and enters the hollow structure of the stirring shaft 21 through the through hole of the fixed rod 221, and then passes through the hollow structure of the stirring shaft 21 and enters the compost raw materials from the aeration holes of the stirring blades 23.

[0038] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 The variable diameter aeration element 24 includes two symmetrically arranged sliding plates 241 slidably mounted on the stirring blade 23 through two No. 1 connecting rods. A transmission rod 242 is fixedly mounted on one end of the two sliding plates 241 close to the stirring shaft 21. The two transmission rods 242 slide through the stirring shaft 21 at one end and are fixedly mounted with a square plate 243. A return spring 244 is connected between the square plate 243 and the stirring shaft 21, and a matching column block 245 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the square plate 243.

[0039] See Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 9 , the positions of the sliding plate 241 corresponding to the aeration holes are provided with air outlet holes 246 of the same size as the aeration holes, and the sliding plate 241 and the side of the air outlet holes 246 close to the stirring shaft 21 are provided with a plurality of variable diameter holes 247 evenly arranged along the length direction thereof, and the sizes of the variable diameter holes 247 decrease successively, and the sliding plate 241 and the side of the air outlet holes 246 away from the stirring shaft 21 are provided with a plurality of angle adjustment holes 248 evenly arranged along the length direction thereof, and the sides of two adjacent angle adjustment holes 248 away from the stirring blade 23 are inclined in the direction away from each other; wherein, the sizes of the variable diameter holes 247 arranged from bottom to top decrease successively.

[0040] The variable diameter aeration member 24 is used to control the continuous change of the aeration volume and the air inlet angle; specifically, initially, the air outlet 246 of the sliding plate 241 is aligned with the aeration hole of the stirring blade 23, and the air outlet 246 and the aeration hole of the stirring blade 23 are the same size. At this time, air enters the compost raw material from the aeration hole of the stirring blade 23 through the air outlet 246. When the stirring shaft 21 drives the stirring blade 23 to rotate, the stirring blade 23 finally drives the matching column block 245 to rotate through the sliding plate 241, so that the matching column block 245 and the matching member 25 cooperate through the square plate 243 and finally drive the sliding plate 241 to move back and forth along the length direction of the stirring blade 23.

[0041] When the variable diameter hole 247 moves to the corresponding position of the aeration hole of the stirring blade 23, the variable diameter hole 247 is aligned with the aeration hole of the stirring blade 23 in sequence, so that air enters the compost raw material from the aeration hole of the stirring blade 23 through the corresponding variable diameter hole 247, and the size of the variable diameter hole 247 decreases in sequence, thereby realizing a continuous change in the amount of air entering the compost raw material, and the size of the variable diameter holes 247 arranged from bottom to top decreases in sequence, thereby making the amount of air entering the compost raw material change in steps from bottom to top, thereby preventing the compost raw material located above from being over-aerated.

[0042] When the angle adjustment hole 248 moves to the corresponding position of the aeration hole of the mixing blade 23, the angle adjustment hole 248 is aligned with the aeration hole of the mixing blade 23 in sequence, so that air enters the compost raw material from the aeration hole of the mixing blade 23 through the corresponding angle adjustment hole 248, and the two adjacent angle adjustment holes 248 are arranged in a direction away from each other on the side away from the mixing blade 23, thereby realizing continuous change of the air intake angle of the air entering the compost raw material.

[0043] See Figure 4 The mating piece 25 includes a circular plate 251 fixedly mounted on the outer side of the fixed rod 221 at the position corresponding to the stirring blade 23. A plurality of evenly arranged No. 1 mating blocks 252 and No. 2 mating blocks 253 are fixedly mounted on the lower end of the circular plate 251, and the No. 1 mating blocks 252 and No. 2 mating blocks 253 are arranged alternately. The back sides of the plurality of No. 1 mating blocks 252 and the opposite sides of the plurality of No. 2 mating blocks 253 are all set as inclined surfaces that cooperate with the mating column block 245.

[0044] The mating piece 25 is used to drive the sliding plate 241 to move back and forth along the length direction of the stirring blade 23; specifically, when the stirring blade 23 finally drives the mating column block 245 to rotate through the sliding plate 241, since the fixing rod 221 and the fermentation tank 1 are fixedly connected, the mating column block 245 is rotated relative to the circular plate 251. When the mating column block 245 rotates to the corresponding position of the No. 1 mating block 252, the mating column block 245 and the No. 1 mating block 252 are matched with the oblique surface of the square plate 243 and finally drive the sliding plate 241 to move along the length direction of the stirring blade 23 in the direction away from the stirring shaft 21, and the return spring 244 is compressed. When the mating column block 245 and the No. 1 mating block 252 are separated, under the action of the return spring 244, the square plate 243 drives the sliding plate 241 through the transmission rod 242 to move along the length direction of the stirring blade 23 in the direction close to the stirring shaft 21 to the initial position.

[0045] When the mating column block 245 rotates to the corresponding position of the No. 2 mating block 253, the mating column block 245 and the No. 2 mating block 253 cooperate with the inclined surface through the square plate 243 and finally drive the sliding plate 241 to move along the length direction of the stirring blade 23 toward the direction close to the stirring shaft 21, and the reset spring 244 is stretched. When the mating column block 245 and the No. 2 mating block 253 are separated, under the action of the reset spring 244, the square plate 243 drives the sliding plate 241 to move along the length direction of the stirring blade 23 away from the stirring shaft 21 to the initial position through the transmission rod 242, and the No. 1 mating block 252 and the No. 2 mating block 253 are provided in multiple and staggered arrangements, thereby causing the sliding plate 241 to move back and forth along the length direction of the stirring blade 23.

[0046] See Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6The stirring shaft 21 is connected to the aeration hole of the stirring blade 23 through a circular hole, and a plug 249 is fixedly installed on the side of the square plate 243 away from the middle of the stirring shaft 21. The end of the plug 249 away from the square plate 243 is set as a frustum structure, and the taper of the frustum structure of the plug 249 decreases from bottom to top.

[0047] When the matching column block 245 and the matching block No. 1 252 are matched with each other on the inclined surface through the square plate 243, the sliding plate 241 is finally driven to move in the direction away from the stirring shaft 21 along the length direction of the stirring blade 23, and the square plate 243 drives the insert block 249 to move in the direction away from the middle of the stirring shaft 21 and gradually inserts it into the circular hole of the stirring shaft 21. Moreover, since the end of the insert block 249 away from the square plate 243 is set as a truncated cone structure, when the insert block 249 is gradually inserted into the circular hole of the stirring shaft 21, the flow section of the air entering the circular hole of the stirring shaft 21 is reduced. The area gradually decreases, and at the same time, the size of the corresponding variable diameter hole 247 decreases successively. According to the Venturi effect, the flow rate of air through the variable diameter hole 247 increases at this time, thereby enabling the air to have greater penetration, further optimizing the air distribution, avoiding local hypoxia, and ensuring the quality of the compost product. In addition, the taper of the cone structure of the plug block 249 decreases successively from bottom to top, thereby further assisting in controlling the air intake volume, so that the amount of air entering the compost raw material changes from bottom to top, thereby preventing the compost raw material located above from being over-aerated.

[0048] See Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 7 The loosening component 3 includes a connecting plate 31 fixedly mounted on the stirring blade 23 through a plurality of support blocks. The connecting plate 31 is equipped with two symmetrically arranged loosening plates 33 through a linkage synchronizer 32. The linkage synchronizer 32 is used to drive the two loosening plates 33 to move synchronously inward and outward, and the linkage synchronizer 32 can also drive the loosening plates 33 to turn over the compost raw materials. The lower end of the loosening plate 33 is set as a comb tooth structure.

[0049] The loosening component 3 is used to loosen the compost raw materials; specifically, when the stirring shaft 21 drives the stirring blade 23 to rotate, the stirring blade 23 drives the connecting plate 31 to rotate through the supporting block, so that the connecting plate 31 drives the loosening plate 33 to rotate through the linkage synchronization member 32, and the linkage synchronization member 32 drives the two loosening plates 33 to move synchronously inward and outward. At the same time, the linkage synchronization member 32 can also drive the loosening plate 33 to turn the compost raw materials, and the lower end of the loosening plate 33 is set to a comb tooth structure, so that the loosening plate 33 loosens the compost raw materials, ensures that the compost raw materials are fully in contact with the air, and increases the fermentation efficiency of the compost raw materials.

[0050] See Figure 2 and Figure 7The linkage synchronization member 32 includes a linkage rod 321 installed in the connecting plate 31 through an extension spring 322, and the linkage rod 321 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 31 along the length direction of the linkage rod 321. A plurality of evenly arranged separation blocks 323 are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the linkage rod 321, and the separation blocks 323 are arranged to have a trapezoidal structure on the side close to the stirring shaft 21. The linkage synchronization member 32 also includes two symmetrically arranged give way plates 325 slidably installed on the connecting plate 31 through a connecting spring 324. A plurality of evenly arranged round rods 326 are fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two give way plates 325, and the round rods 326 are arranged to contact the inclined surface of the separation blocks 323 on the side away from the give way plates 325.

[0051] See Figure 2 A plurality of circumferentially evenly arranged arc-shaped linkage blocks 11 are fixedly installed at the position corresponding to the linkage rod 321 on the inner side of the fermentation tank 1, and the side of the arc-shaped linkage block 11 close to the center of the fermentation tank 1 is set as an inclined surface that cooperates with the linkage rod 321.

[0052] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 The two yield plates 325 are both slidably installed with transmission plates 327 along their length directions on the opposite sides of the yield plates 325. The transmission plate 327 slides through the connecting plate 31 on the side away from the yield plate 325 and is rotatably installed with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the corresponding loosening plate 33. A plurality of evenly arranged sliding column blocks 328 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the transmission plate 327. The positions corresponding to the sliding column blocks 328 in the connecting plate 31 are all provided with corrugated grooves, and the corrugated grooves are slidably connected to the corresponding sliding column blocks 328.

[0053] The linkage synchronization part 32 is used to drive the loosening plate 33 to move synchronously inward and outward; specifically, when the stirring blade 23 drives the connecting plate 31 to rotate through the support block, the connecting plate 31 drives the linkage rod 321 to rotate. When the linkage rod 321 rotates to the corresponding position of the arc-shaped linkage block 11, the linkage rod 321 drives the separation block 323 to move toward the direction close to the stirring shaft 21 and compresses the connecting spring 324 under the action of the inclined surface of the arc-shaped linkage block 11. When the linkage rod 321 and the arc-shaped linkage block 11 are separated, the linkage rod 321 drives the separation block 323 to move away from the stirring shaft 21 to the initial position under the action of the connecting spring 324.

[0054] When the separation block 323 moves in the direction closer to the stirring shaft 21, the inclined surface of the trapezoidal structure of the separation block 323 and the round rod 326 cooperate to drive the two give way plates 325 to move in the direction away from each other, so that the give way plate 325 finally drives the two loosening plates 33 to move in the direction away from each other through the transmission plate 327. When the separation block 323 moves in the direction away from the stirring shaft 21 to the initial position, the give way plate 325, under the action of the connecting spring 324, finally drives the two loosening plates 33 to move in the direction closer to each other to the initial position through the give way plate 325, thereby causing the loosening plates 33 to loosen the compost raw materials.

[0055] When the yield plate 325 drives the transmission plate 327 to move, the transmission plate 327, under the cooperation of the sliding column block 328 and the corrugated groove, eventually drives the two loosening plates 33 to move back and forth along the length direction of the mixing blade 23, thereby increasing the loosening effect of the loosening plates 33 on the compost raw materials, further ensuring full contact between the raw materials and air.

[0056] See Figure 7 A rotating part 34 is connected between the rotating shaft of the loosening plate 33 and the transmission plate 327. The rotating part 34 includes a sealing plate 341 slidably mounted on the outside of the transmission plate 327, and the sealing plate 341 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 31 through the second connecting rod. The rotating part 34 also includes two symmetrically arranged elastic matching rods 342 fixedly mounted on the upper side of the rotating shaft of the loosening plate 33. The upper end of the elastic matching rod 342 is hinged with a square rod 343, and the square rod 343 and its corresponding sealing plate 341 are fixedly connected.

[0057] The rotating part 34 is used to drive the loosening plate 33 to turn over the compost raw materials; specifically, when the transmission plate 327 moves back and forth along the length direction of the stirring blade 23, the transmission plate 327 drives the sealing plate 341 to move synchronously, so that the sealing plate 341 can seal the sliding penetration point of the transmission plate 327 and the connecting plate 31, and when the two loosening plates 33 move in a direction away from each other, the loosening plates 33 drive the elastic matching rod 342 to move synchronously through the rotating shaft, and the elastic matching rod 342 is an elastic telescopic structure, so that the elastic matching rod 342 drives the rotating shaft to rotate under the action of the square rod 343, so that the rotating shaft drives the two loosening plates 33 to rotate in a direction away from each other with the rotating shaft as a reference, so that the loosening plates 33 turn over the compost raw materials, further increasing the loosening effect of the loosening plates 33 on the compost raw materials.

[0058] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-layer aeration device for aerobic composting fermentation, comprising a fermentation tank, wherein a stirring aeration component is installed in the fermentation tank, characterized in that: A loose material assembly is installed on the stirring and aerating assembly; The stirring and aerating assembly includes a stirring shaft with a hollow structure rotatably installed in the fermentation tank, a driving member is connected between the upper end of the stirring shaft and the fermentation tank, and an air inlet member is also connected between the stirring shaft and the fermentation tank. A plurality of stirring blade groups uniformly arranged vertically are fixedly installed on the lower outer side of the stirring shaft, each stirring blade group includes a plurality of stirring blades uniformly arranged circumferentially, and a plurality of aeration holes uniformly arranged along the length direction of the stirring blade are opened, and the aeration holes on the stirring blades are all connected to the hollow structure of the stirring shaft, and a variable diameter aeration member is installed on the stirring blade, and a matching member is installed on the air inlet member, and the matching member is used to cooperate with the variable diameter aeration member to control the continuous change of the aeration amount and the air inlet angle; The loosening assembly includes a connecting plate fixedly mounted on the mixing blade via a plurality of support blocks, the connecting plate being mounted with two symmetrically arranged loosening plates via a linkage synchronizing member, the linkage synchronizing member being used to drive the two loosening plates to move synchronously inward and outward, and the linkage synchronizing member being able to drive the loosening plates to turn the compost raw materials, and the lower end of the loosening plate being provided with a comb tooth structure; The variable diameter aerator comprises two symmetrically arranged sliding plates slidably mounted on the stirring blades via two No. 1 connecting rods, a transmission rod being fixedly mounted on one end of the two sliding plates close to the stirring shaft, a square plate being fixedly mounted on one end of the two transmission rods close to the stirring shaft, and a return spring being connected between the square plate and the stirring shaft, and a matching column being fixedly mounted on the upper end of the square plate; The matching piece includes a circular plate fixedly mounted on the outer side of the fixed rod corresponding to the position of the stirring blade, and a plurality of evenly arranged matching blocks No. 1 and No. 2 are fixedly mounted on the lower end of the circular plate, and the opposite sides of the plurality of matching blocks No. 1 and the opposite sides of the plurality of matching blocks No. 2 are both provided with inclined surfaces that match the matching column blocks; The sliding plate is provided with air outlet holes of the same size as the aeration holes at positions corresponding to the aeration holes, and a plurality of variable diameter holes are provided on the sliding plate on the side of the air outlet holes close to the stirring shaft, which are evenly arranged along the length direction thereof, and the sizes of the variable diameter holes decrease successively, and a plurality of angle adjustment holes are provided on the sliding plate on the side of the air outlet holes away from the stirring shaft, which are evenly arranged along the length direction thereof, and two adjacent angle adjustment holes are arranged obliquely in a direction away from each other on the sides away from the stirring blades; The linkage synchronization member includes a linkage rod installed in the connecting plate through a top extension spring, and the linkage rod is slidably connected to the connecting plate along the length direction of the linkage rod. A plurality of evenly arranged separation blocks are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the linkage rod, and the separation blocks are arranged in a trapezoidal structure on the side close to the stirring shaft. The linkage synchronization member also includes two symmetrically arranged yielding plates slidably installed on the connecting plate through a connecting spring, and a plurality of evenly arranged round rods are fixedly installed on opposite sides of the two yielding plates, and the side of the round rods away from the yielding plates is in contact with the inclined surface of the separation blocks. A plurality of arc-shaped linkage blocks evenly arranged circumferentially are fixedly installed at positions corresponding to the linkage rods on the inner side of the fermenter, and one side of the arc-shaped linkage block close to the center of the fermenter is provided with an inclined surface matching the linkage rods.

2. A multi-layer aeration device for aerobic composting fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake member includes a hollow fixed rod rotatably installed in the stirring shaft, a plurality of evenly arranged through holes are opened on the outside of the fixed rod, the lower end of the fixed rod rotates through the stirring shaft and is fixedly connected to the fermentation tank, and an air intake pipe is connected between the lower end of the fixed rod and the fermentation tank.

3. The multi-layer aeration device for aerobic composting fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring shaft is connected to the aeration hole of the stirring blade through a circular hole. A plug is fixedly installed on the side of the square plate away from the middle of the stirring shaft. The end of the plug away from the square plate is set as a frustum structure, and the taper of the plug frustum structure decreases from bottom to top.

4. The multi-layer aeration device for aerobic composting fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two yield plates are both slidably installed with transmission plates along their length directions on the opposite sides of the yield plates. The transmission plate slides through the connecting plate on the side away from the yield plate and is rotatably installed with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the corresponding loose material plate. A plurality of evenly arranged sliding column blocks are fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the transmission plate, and the positions corresponding to the sliding column blocks in the connecting plate are provided with corrugated grooves, and the corrugated grooves are slidably connected to the corresponding sliding column blocks.

5. The multi-layer aeration device for aerobic composting fermentation according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotating part is connected between the rotating shaft of the loosening plate and the transmission plate. The rotating part includes a sealing plate slidably sleeved on the outside of the transmission plate, and the sealing plate is slidably connected to the connecting plate through the No. 2 connecting rod. The rotating part also includes two symmetrically arranged elastic matching rods fixedly mounted on the upper side of the loosening plate rotating shaft. The upper end of the elastic matching rod is hinged with a square rod, and the square rod and its corresponding sealing plate are fixedly connected.

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