Micro-water-head water wheel power generation equipment and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides micro water head water wheel power generation equipment and a control method thereof. The micro water head water wheel power generation equipment comprises a support; the supporting rod assembly is rotationally mounted on the support; the generator is mounted at the first end of the supporting rod assembly; the impeller is in transmission connection with the input end of the generator; the flow velocity detection part is installed on the supporting rod assembly and used for detecting the flow velocity of incoming flow and generating flow velocity information, and the generator is used for adjusting the working frequency based on the flow velocity information. Compared with a traditional hydro-generator, the micro-water-head hydro-generator has the advantages that micro-water-head / low-flow-speed water energy can be converted into electric energy more efficiently, the water energy utilization range is greatly expanded, and full development and utilization of the micro-water-head water energy become possible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fluid machinery, and provides a micro-head water turbine power generation device and a control method therefor. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and renewable energy source, water energy plays an important role in the global energy power generation system. China is rich in river and tidal resources, with a huge total amount of hydraulic resources.

[0003] However, at present, hydropower generation in China mainly focuses on the medium and high head areas. For shallow water flows with a head of less than 5 meters, there are great technical challenges in large-scale development and utilization, and the existing development level is relatively low. Currently, although there are some devices that can utilize micro-head resources, such as Archimedes spiral turbines, etc., these devices usually have a large unit size and limited application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present invention provide a micro-head water turbine power generation device to solve the defect of low utilization rate of micro-head resources in related technologies.

[0005] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a control method for a micro-head water turbine power generation device.

[0006] The first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a micro-head water turbine power generation device, including: A support; A support rod assembly rotatably installed on the support; A generator installed at the first end of the support rod assembly; An impeller drivingly connected to the input end of the generator; A flow velocity detection member installed on the support rod assembly, the flow velocity detection member being used to detect the incoming flow velocity and generate flow velocity information, and the generator being used to adjust the operating frequency based on the flow velocity information.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an installation seat for installing the impeller is provided at the input end of the generator. The impeller includes at least three blades, and the included angle between the plane where the blades are located and the plane where the installation seat is located ranges from 5 degrees to 10 degrees.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a connecting shaft is provided on the installation seat, the blade is installed on the connecting shaft, and an adjusting gasket is further provided on the installation seat. The center line of the blade is adapted to adjust the relative angle with the axis of the connecting shaft through the adjusting gasket.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the radial length of the blade to the geometric chord length of the cross-section of the blade is 3.6:1.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the support rod assembly includes: An outer tube rotatably mounted on the support; An inner tube telescopically mounted in the outer tube.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the second end of the outer tube and the second end of the inner tube is provided with an adjusting wrench, and the impeller is adapted to adjust the water inlet angle through the adjusting wrench.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the micro-head water turbine power generation device further includes a housing, and the generator is installed in the housing.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the generator includes a variable-frequency generator.

[0014] An embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention provides a control method for a micro-head water turbine power generation device as described above, including: Adjusting the water inlet angle of the impeller; Detecting the incoming flow velocity through the flow velocity detection component and generating flow velocity information, and adjusting the operating frequency of the generator according to the radius of the blades in the impeller and the flow velocity information.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of adjusting the operating frequency of the generator according to the radius of the blades in the impeller and the flow velocity information includes: When the incoming flow velocity is greater than 0.5 m / s, adjusting the operating frequency of the generator according to the radius of the blades in the impeller and the flow velocity information; Wherein, the value range of the ratio of the tip speed of the blade to the incoming flow velocity is 1.45 to 1.48.

[0016] The micro-head water turbine power generation device provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, through the coordinated work of the impeller, the generator and the flow velocity detection component, enables the generator to convert water energy into electrical energy more efficiently in a micro-head environment compared with traditional water turbine generators, greatly expanding the scope of water energy utilization and making full use of micro-head water energy. The generator can automatically adjust the operating frequency according to the flow velocity information and can make adaptive adjustments according to the real-time changes of the water flow. Regardless of how the water flow fluctuates, the micro-head water turbine power generation device can quickly adjust to the optimal working state, reducing manual intervention, lowering the operation cost, and improving the intelligent level of the device. By rotatably connecting the support rod assembly with the support, the water inlet angle of the impeller can be adjusted, thereby ensuring that the impeller can adapt to different flow velocities and further improving the power generation efficiency of the micro-head water turbine power generation device.

[0017] According to the control method of the micro-head hydro-turbine power generation equipment provided by the second aspect of the present invention, by precisely adjusting the water inlet angle of the impeller and the installation angle of the blades, the ability of the impeller to capture water energy is improved. At the same time, according to the real-time flow velocity information, the operating frequency of the generator is adjusted to ensure that the generator can efficiently convert the mechanical energy transmitted by the impeller into electrical energy under different water flow velocities, significantly improving the capture and conversion efficiency of the entire micro-head hydro-turbine power generation equipment for water energy. This control method enables the power generation equipment to adapt to different water flow conditions, maintain a good operating state, broadens the application scenarios of the micro-head hydro-turbine power generation equipment, and enables it to play a role in more types of water areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the micro-head hydro-turbine power generation equipment provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the micro-head hydro-turbine power generation equipment provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic cross-sectional view in the A-A direction in

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic principle diagram of the blade selection provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the angle between the impeller and the water surface provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic principle diagram of the numerical calculation of the flow at a flow velocity of 3 m / s for the blade diameter-to-chord ratio provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 is a schematic principle diagram of the numerical calculation of the flow at a flow velocity of 6 m / s for the blade diameter-to-chord ratio provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic flow chart of the control method of the micro-head hydro-turbine power generation equipment provided by the present invention.

[0027] Reference Signs: 100, Support; 102, Support rod assembly; 104, Generator; 106, Impeller; 108, Flow velocity detector; 110, Blade; 112, Connecting shaft; 114, Adjusting wrench; 116, Housing. Detailed implementation mode

[0028] The following further describes in detail the implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0029] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a micro-head hydroturbine power generation device, including: Support 100; Support rod assembly 102, rotatably installed on support 100; Generator 104, installed at the first end of support rod assembly 102; Impeller 106, drivingly connected to the input end of generator 104; Flow velocity detector 108, installed on support rod assembly 102, flow velocity detector 108 is used to detect the incoming flow velocity and generate flow velocity information, and generator 104 is used to adjust the operating frequency based on the flow velocity information.

[0030] According to the micro-head hydroturbine power generation device provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, through the coordinated operation of impeller 106, generator 104 and flow velocity detector 108, generator 104 can convert water energy into electrical energy more efficiently in a micro-head environment compared with traditional hydroturbine generators 104, greatly expanding the scope of water energy utilization and enabling full development and utilization of micro-head water energy. Generator 104 can automatically adjust the operating frequency according to the flow velocity information and can make adaptive adjustments according to the real-time changes of the water flow. Regardless of how the water flow fluctuates, the micro-head hydroturbine power generation device can quickly adjust to the optimal operating state, reducing manual intervention, lowering operating costs, and improving the intelligent level of the device. By rotatably connecting support rod assembly 102 and support 100, the water inlet angle of impeller 106 can be adjusted, and thus it can be ensured that impeller 106 can adapt to different flow velocities, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the micro-head hydroturbine power generation device.

[0031] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 to 7 , the micro-head hydroturbine power generation device provided by the first aspect of the present invention mainly includes support 100, support rod assembly 102, generator 104, impeller 106 and flow velocity detector 108.

[0032] Specifically, support 100 serves as the basic support structure of the micro-head hydroturbine power generation device, providing a stable installation platform for the entire device and ensuring the stable operation of the device in the water flow environment.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present invention, the support 100 may include two groups, and the two groups of supports 100 are arranged at intervals to enhance the stable support for the micro-head hydroturbine power generation equipment.

[0034] The support rod assembly 102 is installed on the support 100 in a rotatable manner. This setting enables the support rod assembly 102 to flexibly change the angle according to the water flow condition. When impacted by the water flow, the impeller 106 can automatically adjust to the optimal position or rotate the impeller 106 to a reasonable position by rotating the support rod assembly 102, making the contact between the impeller 106 and the water flow more reasonable and greatly improving the water energy capture efficiency.

[0035] For example, through the setting of the support rod assembly 102, the included angle α between the impeller 106 and the water surface can be adjusted to 30 degrees and placed in the water flow.

[0036] The generator 104 is arranged at the first end of the support rod assembly 102. The generator 104 is used to convert the water energy captured by the impeller 106 into electrical energy and can also work normally at a lower flow rate, thereby smoothly transmitting the mechanical energy to the generator 104.

[0037] The flow velocity detector 108 is installed on the support rod assembly 102 for real-time monitoring of the incoming flow velocity. The flow velocity detector 108 can accurately detect the water flow velocity and generate the flow velocity information in a timely manner. The flow velocity information is fed back to the generator 104. Correspondingly, the generator 104 internally integrates an intelligent control system. When receiving the flow velocity information, the intelligent control system will adjust the working frequency of the generator 104 in real time according to the high or low flow velocity.

[0038] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the input end of the generator 104 is provided with a mounting seat for installing the impeller 106. The impeller 106 includes at least three blades 110, and the value range of the included angle between the plane where the blades 110 are located and the plane where the mounting seat is located is 5 degrees to 10 degrees.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, the input end of the generator 104 is provided with a mounting seat for installing the impeller 106.

[0040] The impeller 106 is composed of at least three blades 110. The plane where each blade 110 is located is not parallel to the plane where the mounting seat is located, but there is a specific included angle, and the value of this included angle is limited between 5 degrees and 10 degrees.

[0041] Such a design enables the impeller 106 to receive the water flow force at a specific angle under the impact of the water flow. Compared with the conventional angle setting of the impeller 106, it is more suitable for the characteristics of micro-head water flow. When the water flow passes through, the blades 110 can cut the water flow in an optimized posture, effectively guiding the water flow to drive the impeller 106 to rotate, thereby converting the water energy into the mechanical energy of the impeller 106 more efficiently, laying a good foundation for the subsequent generator 104 to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0042] The setting of the included angle between the blade 110 and the mounting seat plane of 5 degrees to 10 degrees enables the impeller 106 to capture the water flow energy more accurately in the micro-head water flow environment. Compared with the angle of the traditional impeller 106, this included angle allows the blade 110 to face the water flow at a better angle, increasing the effective impact force of the water flow on the blade 110, thereby improving the efficiency of the impeller 106 in capturing water energy and providing a more sufficient mechanical energy input for the generator 104. Since the impeller 106 can capture water energy more efficiently and convert it into mechanical energy to be transmitted to the generator 104, the generator 104 can obtain more mechanical energy for electrical energy conversion per unit time, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the entire micro-head water turbine generator 104, enabling the device to generate more electrical energy under micro-head conditions and better meeting the energy demand. That is to say, it can be understood that the included angle between the blade 110 and the mounting seat can be adjusted according to the actual incoming flow velocity.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a connecting shaft 112 is provided on the mounting seat, the blade 110 is mounted on the connecting shaft 112, and an adjusting gasket is also provided on the mounting seat. The center line of the blade 110 is adapted to adjust the relative angle with the axis of the connecting shaft 112 through the adjusting gasket.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present invention, a connecting shaft 112 is provided on the mounting seat, and three blades 110 are equally spaced and mounted on the connecting shaft 112, ensuring the integrity of the structure of the impeller 106.

[0045] At the same time, an adjusting gasket is also provided on the mounting seat. The function of the adjusting gasket is to ensure that the relative angle between the center line of the blade 110 and the axis of the connecting shaft 112 can be flexibly adjusted. During actual assembly or operation, according to factors such as the specific characteristics of the water flow and the expected operating state of the device, by increasing or decreasing or replacing adjusting gaskets of different thicknesses, the included angle between the center line of the blade 110 and the axis of the connecting shaft 112 can be changed. In this way, the posture of the blade 110 in space can be accurately adjusted to adapt to the water flow impact under different working conditions and ensure the efficient operation of the impeller 106.

[0046] By adjusting the shim, the angle of the blade 110 can be precisely adjusted, enabling the blade 110 to be in the best flow-facing angle when facing various micro-head water flows. This means that the blade 110 can capture the kinetic energy of the water flow more effectively, convert the water energy into the mechanical energy of the impeller 106 to the greatest extent, thereby significantly improving the utilization efficiency of the entire hydro-generator 104 for water energy and generating more electricity under limited micro-head conditions.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the radial length of the blade 110 to the geometric chord length of the cross-section of the blade 110 is 3.6:1.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the radial length of the blade 110 (i.e., the length of the blade 110 from the rotation center to the tip) to the geometric chord length of the cross-section of the blade 110 (i.e., the maximum width of the cross-section of the blade 110) is precisely set to 3.6:1.

[0049] This ratio optimizes the aspect ratio of the blade 110, enabling the blade 110 to maximize the swept area in the micro-head water flow while reducing the water flow resistance. Specifically, the blade 110 with a longer radial length can expand the action range of the impeller 106 on the water flow, while the smaller chord length reduces the turbulent loss of the blade 110 during rotation. The combination of the two forms a unique hydrodynamic characteristic, significantly enhancing the energy conversion efficiency of the impeller 106 in a low-flow velocity environment.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the support rod assembly 102 includes: An outer tube, rotatably mounted on the support 100; An inner tube, telescopically mounted in the outer tube.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, the support rod assembly 102 adopts a double-tube nested structure, consisting of an outer tube and an inner tube. The outer tube is rotatably mounted on the support 100 through a bearing or a rotary joint and can rotate flexibly around the vertical axis of the support 100, thereby driving the entire support rod assembly 102 and components such as the generator 104 and the impeller 106 mounted thereon to synchronously adjust the angle to adapt to water flow impacts from different directions.

[0052] The inner tube is telescopically nested inside the outer tube, and the axial length is adjusted through a sliding fit manner, thereby changing the position of the impeller 106 to enable it to adapt to the water level change or the power generation requirements under different head conditions.

[0053] This structure enables the impeller 106 to align with the water flow direction in the horizontal direction through the combined movement of rotation and telescoping, ensuring that the impeller 106 is always in the best working position, thereby maximizing the water energy capture efficiency.

[0054] According to one embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the outer tube and the inner tube is provided with an adjusting wrench 114 , and the impeller 106 is adapted to adjust the water entry angle through the adjusting wrench 114 .

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, an adjusting wrench 114 is provided on the outer tube and / or the inner tube of the support rod assembly 102 , and the adjusting wrench 114 is connected to the impeller 106 via a mechanical transmission mechanism.

[0056] Specifically, the adjustment wrench 114 may adopt a transmission structure such as a worm gear, a gear rack, or a screw nut. When the user rotates or turns the wrench, the water entry angle of the impeller 106 can be changed.

[0057] For example, a graduated adjustment wrench 114 is provided on the outside of the outer tube, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel at the bottom of the outer tube by rotating the wrench to drive the outer tube to rotate as a whole; or a screw wrench is provided on the top of the inner tube, and the impeller 106 is pushed to tilt in a specific direction by adjusting the length of the screw.

[0058] This design allows the user to manually or semi-automatically adjust the water entry angle of the impeller 106 and the relative angle between the blade 110 and the axis of the connecting shaft 112 in real time according to the water flow direction, head height, etc., so that the impeller 106 can always capture water energy in the best posture while maintaining a compact structure and avoiding a complex electric drive system.

[0059] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the micro-head water turbine power generation equipment further includes a housing 116 , and the generator 104 is installed in the housing 116 .

[0060] In one embodiment of the present invention, the generator 104 is integrated into the housing 116. The housing 116 is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant materials (such as aluminum alloy, composite materials or stainless steel) to form a closed or semi-closed protective space, the interior of which provides a waterproof, dustproof and corrosion-resistant working environment for the generator 104.

[0061] The design of the housing 116 fully considers the fluid mechanics characteristics, and its outer contour can be optimized to be streamlined according to the direction of the water flow to reduce the water flow resistance. In some embodiments, the surface of the housing 116 is provided with a guide groove or a spoiler to guide the water flow to act evenly on the impeller 106 to enhance the water energy capture efficiency. In addition, an inspection window or a modular interface can be provided on the housing 116 to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the generator 104.

[0062] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the generator 104 comprises a variable frequency generator 104 .

[0063] In one embodiment of the present invention, the variable frequency generator 104 integrates a power electronic converter (such as an inverter, a rectifier) and an intelligent controller, and its input end is connected to the impeller 106 through a transmission device, and its output end can be directly connected to the power grid or the energy storage system.

[0064] Different from traditional synchronous or asynchronous generators 104, the variable-frequency generator 104 can dynamically adjust the excitation current or operating frequency in real time according to the flow velocity information of the oncoming flow, the rotational speed of the impeller 106, and the load change through an internal algorithm, enabling the generator 104 to operate efficiently within a wide rotational speed range.

[0065] Specifically, the flow velocity detection component 108 transmits the real-time flow velocity information to the intelligent controller of the generator 104. The controller calculates the optimal power generation frequency under the current working conditions according to the preset water energy-electric energy conversion model, and realizes the adaptive adjustment of the operating state of the generator 104 by adjusting the output parameters (such as voltage, frequency) of the frequency converter.

[0066] As Figure 8 shown, the second aspect embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a micro-head water turbine power generation device as described above, including: Step 10, adjusting the water inlet angle of the impeller 106; Step 20, detecting the oncoming flow velocity through the flow velocity detection component 108 to generate flow velocity information, and adjusting the operating frequency of the generator 104 according to the radius of the blades 110 in the impeller 106 and the flow velocity information.

[0067] According to the control method for the micro-head water turbine power generation device provided by the second aspect embodiment of the present invention, by precisely adjusting the water inlet angle of the generator 104 and the impeller 106 and the installation angle of the blades, the ability of the impeller 106 to capture water energy is improved. At the same time, the operating frequency of the generator 104 is adjusted according to the real-time flow velocity information to ensure that the generator 104 can efficiently convert the mechanical energy transmitted by the impeller 106 into electrical energy under different water flow velocities, significantly improving the capture and conversion efficiency of water energy of the entire micro-head water turbine power generation device. This control method enables the power generation device to adapt to different water flow conditions, maintain a good operating state, broadens the application scenarios of the micro-head water turbine power generation device, and enables it to play a role in more types of water areas.

[0068] Please continue to refer to Figure 8 , the control method for the micro-head water turbine power generation device provided by the second aspect embodiment of the present invention realizes intelligent water energy capture and optimization of electrical energy output based on the above-mentioned micro-head water turbine power generation device.

[0069] In step 10, the water inlet angles of the generator 104 and the impeller 106 are adjusted through the support rod assembly 102.

[0070] When adjustment is required, the operator can manually operate the adjustment wrench 114 or drive it by a motor to drive the outer tube to rotate around the fixed axis of the support 100, thereby changing the angles of the generator 104 and the impeller 106 in the horizontal direction so that they can better align with the oncoming flow direction.

[0071] In step 20, the oncoming flow velocity is detected by the flow velocity detector 108 to generate flow velocity information, and the operating frequency of the generator 104 is adjusted according to the radius of the blades 110 in the impeller 106 and the flow velocity information.

[0072] The flow velocity detector 108 is installed on the support rod assembly 102 and can accurately monitor the oncoming flow velocity in real time. Common flow velocity detectors 108 such as laser Doppler velocimeters and ultrasonic velocimeters can use different physical principles to convert the water flow velocity into an electrical signal or a digital signal, and then generate flow velocity information, and send this information to the intelligent control system of the generator 104 through a data transmission line.

[0073] After the intelligent control system receives the flow velocity information, combined with the fixed parameter of the radius of the blades 110 in the impeller 106, specific mathematical models and algorithms are used to calculate the appropriate operating frequency of the generator 104.

[0074] For example, according to the hydraulics principle and the operating characteristics of the generator 104, a frequency adjustment formula based on the flow velocity and the radius of the blades 110 is established. Generally speaking, the faster the water flow velocity, the higher the operating frequency required for the generator 104 to make full use of the water energy to be converted into electrical energy; on the contrary, when the water flow velocity is slower, the operating frequency of the generator 104 is reduced to avoid the equipment from idling or excessive loss. Then, the control system sends an instruction to the frequency conversion device of the generator 104 through a control circuit or a communication interface to adjust the operating frequency of the generator 104 so that it can adapt to different water flow conditions and achieve efficient power generation.

[0075] In addition, in step 10, after adjusting the water inlet angles of the generator 104 and the impeller 106 through the support rod assembly 102, the relative angle between the center line of the blade 110 and the axis of the connecting shaft 112 can also be adjusted through the adjusting shims on the mounting seat.

[0076] That is to say, after adjusting the water inlet angle of the impeller 106, after the adjustment is completed, the relative angle between the blade 110 and the axis of the connecting shaft 112 can be adjusted through the adjusting shims. By setting it like this, the attitude of the blade 110 in space can be accurately adjusted to adapt to the water flow impact under different working conditions and ensure the efficient operation of the impeller 106.

[0077] Precisely adjusting the angle of the blade 110 through the adjusting shims can make the blade 110 in the best oncoming flow angle when facing various micro-head water flows. This means that the blade 110 can capture the kinetic energy of the water flow more effectively, convert the water energy into the mechanical energy of the impeller 106 to the greatest extent, thereby significantly improving the utilization efficiency of the entire water turbine generator 104 for water energy and generating more electrical energy under limited micro-head conditions.

[0078] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of adjusting the operating frequency of the generator 104 according to the radius of the blade 110 in the impeller 106 and the flow velocity information includes: When the oncoming flow velocity is greater than 0.5 m / s, adjust the operating frequency of the generator 104 according to the radius of the blade 110 in the impeller 106 and the flow velocity information; wherein, the value range of the ratio of the tip speed of the blade 110 to the oncoming flow velocity is 1.45 to 1.48.

[0079] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of adjusting the operating frequency of the generator 104 according to the radius of the blade 110 in the impeller 106 and the flow velocity information is further defined: First, the flow velocity detection component 108 continuously monitors the oncoming flow velocity. When the detected oncoming flow velocity is greater than 0.5 m / s, the control system starts the program of adjusting the operating frequency of the generator 104 based on the radius of the blade 110 in the impeller 106 and the flow velocity information. This is because when the oncoming flow velocity is lower than 0.5 m / s, the energy contained in the water flow is too low. At this time, adjusting the operating frequency of the generator 104 may not achieve effective energy conversion, but will increase the energy consumption and wear of the equipment. Therefore, this flow velocity threshold is set to ensure the economy and effectiveness of the equipment operation.

[0080] When performing frequency adjustment, the core basis is to control the ratio of the tip speed of the blade 110 to the oncoming flow velocity within a specific range of 1.45 to 1.48.

[0081] The control system will, according to the oncoming flow velocity information obtained in real time, combined with the known radius of the blade 110 in the impeller 106, use the tip speed ratio formula: where, R is the radius of the blade 110, n is the rotational speed of the impeller 106, v is the oncoming flow velocity, ω is the tip angular velocity of the blade 110, calculate the rotational speed that the impeller 106 should reach in order to make the ratio of the tip speed to the oncoming flow velocity meet the requirements. Then, by controlling the frequency conversion device of the generator 104, adjust the operating frequency of the generator 104, and then change the rotational speed of the impeller 106, so that the ratio of the tip speed to the oncoming flow velocity is stabilized between 1.45 and 1.48.

[0082] For example, when the oncoming flow velocity increases, the control system will correspondingly increase the operating frequency of the generator 104 to make the rotational speed of the impeller 106 faster, so as to maintain the ratio of the tip speed to the oncoming flow velocity within the specified range; conversely, when the oncoming flow velocity decreases, reduce the operating frequency of the generator 104 and slow down the rotational speed of the impeller 106.

[0083] By controlling the ratio of the tip speed of the blade 110 to the oncoming flow velocity within the precise range of 1.45 to 1.48, the impeller 106 can interact with the water flow in the most reasonable way, capture the kinetic energy in the water flow to the greatest extent, and convert it into mechanical energy to be transmitted to the generator 104, which is then efficiently converted into electrical energy by the generator 104.

[0084] That is to say, by controlling the ratio of the tip speed of the blade 110 to the oncoming flow velocity within the precise range of 1.45 to 1.48, the impeller 106 can better match the energy characteristics of the micro-head water flow. Within this range, the acting force and torque of the water flow on the blade 110 can be more effectively converted into the rotational mechanical energy of the impeller 106, improving the capture efficiency of the impeller 106 for the water flow energy, so that more water flow energy can be converted into electrical energy output.

[0085] Compared with traditional power generation equipment, under the same micro-head water flow conditions, the power generation equipment of the present invention can effectively improve the utilization value of micro-head water energy resources. This precise frequency regulation strategy enables the impeller 106 to maintain a stable and reasonable rotational speed under different oncoming flow velocities.

[0086] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro-head hydroelectric power generation device, characterized in that Comprising: A support (100); A support rod assembly (102), rotatably mounted on the support (100); A generator (104), mounted on the first end of the support rod assembly (102); An impeller (106), drivingly connected to the input end of the generator (104); A flow velocity detector (108), mounted on the support rod assembly (102), the flow velocity detector being used to detect the oncoming flow velocity and generate flow velocity information, and the generator (104) being used to adjust the operating frequency based on the flow velocity information.

2. The micro-head hydroelectric power generation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The input end of the generator (104) is provided with a mounting seat for mounting the impeller (106), the impeller (106) includes at least three blades (110), and the range of the angle between the plane where the blades (110) are located and the plane where the mounting seat is located is from 5 degrees to 10 degrees.

3. The micro-head hydroelectric power generation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, A connecting shaft (112) is provided on the mounting seat, the blades (110) are mounted on the connecting shaft (112), and an adjusting gasket is further provided on the mounting seat, and the center line of the blades (110) is adapted to adjust the relative angle with the axis of the connecting shaft (112) through the adjusting gasket.

4. The micro-head hydroelectric power generation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ratio of the radial length of the blade (110) to the geometric chord length of the cross-section of the blade (110) is 3.6:

1.

5. The micro-head hydroelectric power generation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The support rod assembly (102) includes: An outer tube, rotatably mounted on the support (100); An inner tube, telescopically mounted in the outer tube.

6. The micro-head hydroelectric power generation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, At least one of the second end of the outer tube and the second end of the inner tube is provided with an adjusting wrench (114), and the impeller (106) is adapted to adjust the water inlet angle through the adjusting wrench (114).

7. The micro-head hydroelectric power generation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The micro-head hydroelectric power generation device further includes a housing (116), and the generator (104) is mounted in the housing (116).

8. The micro-head hydroelectric power generation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The generator (104) includes a variable-frequency generator (104).

9. A control method for a micro-head hydroelectric power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Comprising: Adjusting the water inlet angle of the impeller (106); Detecting the oncoming flow velocity through the flow velocity detector (108) and generating flow velocity information, and adjusting the operating frequency of the generator (104) according to the radius of the blades (110) in the impeller (106) and the flow velocity information.

10. The control method according to claim 9, wherein The step of adjusting the operating frequency of the generator (104) according to the radius of the blades (110) in the impeller (106) and the flow velocity information includes: When the oncoming flow velocity is greater than 0.5 m / s, adjusting the operating frequency of the generator (104) according to the radius of the blades (110) in the impeller (106) and the flow velocity information; Wherein, the range of the ratio of the tip speed of the blade (110) to the oncoming flow velocity is from 1.45 to 1.48.

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