Electric heating structure with high-temperature protection resistance heating wire

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric heating structure with high-temperature protection resistance heating wires, which comprises a base layer, a plurality of heating wires are arranged in the base layer, the electric heating structure comprises the following components: the plurality of heating wires, the components of the heating wires comprise nickel, titanium, copper and iron, and the resistance values of the heating wires are changed along with the temperature change by adjusting the proportion of nickel, titanium, copper and iron; the power supply module is electrically connected with the plurality of heating wires and is used for supplying power to the heating wires; the temperature detection module is used for detecting the temperature of the heating wire in real time; according to product requirements, heating wire materials with different components are adjusted, the function of automatic power-off heating at different temperature values is changed, rapid and accurate high-temperature protection is achieved, an external sensor is not needed, direct coupling of temperature, structure and electric signals is achieved through the components of the heating wires and the self-induction characteristic of the phase change protection layer, the response time is greatly shortened, and the production cost is reduced. The protection precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric heating equipment, and particularly relates to an electric heating structure with a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the high-temperature protection mechanism of electric heating equipment generally relies on external temperature sensors or mechanical fusing devices. Such solutions face multiple technical bottlenecks in practical applications. The temperature protection depends on external components, resulting in problems such as response delay, complex installation, susceptibility to environmental interference, etc., and cannot directly sense sudden temperature changes in the heating wire itself. At the same time, the heat conduction efficiency and uniformity are insufficient, and the fault diagnosis ability is lacking: problems such as aging and poor contact of conductive lines cannot be detected in real time, which may lead to the failure or malfunction of the protection function, lack of self-diagnosis and redundant protection mechanisms, unreasonable heat insulation design, and lack of effective heat insulation measures on the back of the base layer, making it easy for heat to conduct to non-heating areas, causing energy waste or posing a risk of scalding to the human body.

[0003] Therefore, the existing technology in the field of electric heating equipment needs to be further improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric heating structure with a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire. Through the matching of the heating wire composition and temperature-sensitive characteristics and the synergistic effect of multiple functional structures, the resistance changes precisely with temperature, automatic fault detection and efficient heat management are realized, and the safety, stability and energy efficiency of the electric heating equipment are improved.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following solutions:

[0006] An electric heating structure with a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire, including a base layer, in which multiple heating wires are arranged, including:

[0007] Multiple heating wires, the composition of the heating wires contains nickel, titanium, copper, and iron. By adjusting the proportions of nickel, titanium, copper, and iron, the resistance value of the heating wires changes with temperature;

[0008] A power supply module, which is electrically connected to the multiple heating wires and is used to supply power to the heating wires;

[0009] A temperature detection module, which is used to detect the temperature of the heating wires in real time;

[0010] A control module, which is communicatively connected to the temperature detection module and the power supply module respectively. When the temperature detection module detects that the temperature of the heating wires is too high, the control module controls the power supply module to stop powering the heating wires to achieve high-temperature protection.

[0011] The surface of the heating wire is covered with an intelligent phase change protection layer. A three-dimensional grid reinforcement structure is embedded between the base layer and the heating wire. A self-diagnostic conductive network is arranged between the control module and the heating wire. A gradient fiber thermal insulation layer is arranged at the bottom of the base layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the intelligent phase change protection layer is composed of a low melting point shape memory alloy and a carbon nanotube array. The phase change temperature of the shape memory alloy matches the preset protection temperature of the heating wire. When undergoing a phase change, it generates volume expansion and triggers an open circuit signal of the control module.

[0013] The three-dimensional grid reinforcement structure consists of a graphene aerogel framework and metal nano solder joints. The graphene aerogel framework forms a porous network with pore sizes of 50 - 100 μm. The metal nano solder joints fix the heating wire to the grid nodes and reduce the contact thermal resistance.

[0014] The self-diagnostic conductive network includes a main conductive line and a redundant detection line arranged in parallel. The surface of the redundant detection line is coated with temperature-sensitive conductive ink. When the resistance of the main line is abnormal, it automatically switches and feeds back the fault location.

[0015] The gradient fiber thermal insulation layer is composed of alternately laminated glass fibers and ceramic fibers. The diameter of the glass fibers is 5 - 10 μm, and the diameter of the ceramic fibers is 1 - 3 μm, forming a gradient structure with a decreasing thermal conductivity along the thickness direction.

[0016] Furthermore, when the preset protection temperature is 85 °C, the component ratios of the heating wire include one of the following cases:

[0017] The nickel content is 50.5% - 51.0%, the titanium content is 49.5% - 49.0%, the copper content is 0, and the iron Fe content is 0.

[0018] The nickel content is 49.5% - 50.0%, the titanium content is 49.5% - 49.0%, the copper content is 1%, and the iron content is 0.

[0019] The nickel content is 49.5% - 50.0%, the titanium content is 49.5% - 49.0%, the copper content is 0, and the iron content is 1%.

[0020] Furthermore, when the preset protection temperature is 95 °C, the component ratio of the heating wire is that the nickel content is 49.5% - 50.0%, the titanium content is 50.5% - 50.0%, the copper content is 0, and the iron content is 0.

[0021] Furthermore, when the preset protection temperature is 105 °C, the component ratio of the heating wire is that the nickel content is 48.5% - 49.5%, the titanium content is 51.5% - 51.0%, the copper content is 0, and the iron content is 0.

[0022] Further, the heating wire is formed by a heat treatment process, and the heat treatment process includes:

[0023] After 20%-30% cold rolling deformation, annealing at 500°C to form high-density dislocations and nano-twins, enhancing the phase transformation synergy;

[0024] Solution treatment at 900 - 1000°C followed by water quenching to obtain a uniform austenite parent phase and reduce composition segregation.

[0025] Further, after the control module controls the power supply module to stop energizing the heating wire, it can control the power supply module to resume energizing the heating wire according to the temperature drop of the heating wire, realizing the self-resetting function.

[0026] Further, in the intelligent phase change protective layer, the composition ratio of the low melting point shape memory alloy is:

[0027] When the preset protection temperature is 85°C, the nickel content is 50.5% - 51.0%, the titanium content is 49.5% - 49.0%, and after 20% - 30% cold rolling deformation and annealing treatment at 500°C, high-density dislocations are formed to enhance the phase transformation sensitivity;

[0028] The carbon nanotube array grows perpendicular to the surface of the heating wire, with a density of 10^9 - 10^10 roots / cm 2 , for accelerating the heat conduction to the edge of the protective layer;

[0029] In the three-dimensional grid reinforcement structure, the porosity of the graphene aerogel skeleton is 80% - 90%, the metal nano solder joints use Ag70Cu30 alloy, and solder joints with a size of 5 - 10μm are formed by ultrasonic welding, reducing the contact thermal resistance between the heating wire and the base layer by 60% - 80%;

[0030] The redundant detection circuit of the self-diagnostic conductive network uses PEDOT:PSS conductive ink, and the resistivity increases exponentially when the temperature is above 60°C. When the resistance change of the main circuit exceeds ±15%, the control module sends a fault code to the external terminal through the redundant circuit.

[0031] Further, the thickness ratio of the glass fiber layer to the ceramic fiber layer in the gradient fiber thermal insulation layer is 2:1, and the overall thermal conductivity ≤ 0.05W / (m·K), which can control the bottom surface temperature of the base layer to be below 30% of the surface temperature of the heating wire;

[0032] The heating wire is spirally wound around the three-dimensional grid nodes, with a pitch of 1 - 3mm and an adjacent axis spacing of 2 - 5mm, forming a uniform heat radiation surface.

[0033] Furthermore, the control module is built with a neural network algorithm. Based on the composition ratio and real-time temperature data of the heating wire, it predicts the temperature change trend in the next 5-10 seconds and adjusts the output power of the power module in advance. To sum up, the beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0034] The present invention solves the deficiencies existing in the prior art in the technical field of electric heating equipment. Through the structural arrangement of the present invention, it has the following advantages: According to product requirements, the heating wire materials of different components can be adjusted to change its function of automatically cutting off power and heating at different temperature values, achieving fast and accurate high-temperature protection. Without an external sensor, through the self-sensing characteristics of the heating wire composition and the phase change protection layer, the direct coupling of temperature, structure, and electrical signals is realized, greatly shortening the response time and improving the protection accuracy; The three-dimensional grid reinforcement structure reduces the contact thermal resistance, and the gradient fiber insulation layer controls the temperature rise on the back surface, improving the heating efficiency and extending the equipment life; The redundant conductive circuit and the temperature-sensitive ink realize the real-time monitoring of the health status of the circuit, and the fault location accuracy reaches the level of a single heating wire, reducing the manual maintenance cost and avoiding the protection failure caused by circuit problems; The composition of the heating wire can be flexibly adjusted according to the protection temperature, and the integrated design of the functional layer adapts to different base materials, expanding the application scenarios of the electrothermal structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the electrothermal structure of the invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the heating wire of the invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1-3 , the present invention provides an electrothermal structure with a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire, including a base layer 1, and a plurality of heating wires 2 are arranged in the base layer 1, including:

[0040] A plurality of heating wires 2, the composition of the heating wire 2 includes nickel, titanium, copper, and iron. By adjusting the ratio of nickel, titanium, copper, and iron, the resistance value of the heating wire changes with the temperature.

[0041] A power supply module 3, which is electrically connected to the plurality of heating wires 2 and is used to supply power to the heating wires 2;

[0042] A temperature detection module 4, which is used to detect the temperature of the heating wire 2 in real time;

[0043] A control module 5, which is respectively communicatively connected to the temperature detection module 4 and the power supply module 3. When the temperature detection module 4 detects that the temperature of the heating wire 2 is too high, the control module 5 controls the power supply module 3 to stop powering on the heating wire 2 to achieve overheat protection.

[0044] An intelligent phase change protection layer is covered on the surface of the heating wire 2, a three-dimensional grid reinforcement structure is embedded between the base layer 1 and the heating wire 2, a self-diagnostic conductive network is arranged between the control module 5 and the heating wire 2, and a gradient fiber heat insulation layer is arranged at the bottom of the base layer 1.

[0045] The heating wire 2 is alloyed with nickel, titanium, copper, and iron in a specific proportion, and its resistance value shows a non-linear change characteristic with the increase of temperature. When the power supply module 3 supplies power to the heating wire 2, current passes through the heating wire to generate Joule heat. The temperature detection module 4 directly measures the change of the heating wire resistance or through an integrated sensor to obtain the surface temperature data of the heating wire 2 in real time and transmits it to the control module 5.

[0046] When the temperature of the heating wire 2 reaches the preset protection temperature, the resistance value increases and blocks the circuit, and the heating wire 2 stops heating, realizing its own overheat protection function;

[0047] The low melting point shape memory alloy of the intelligent phase change protection layer 6 undergoes austenite-martensite phase change, and the volume expands by 3%-5%.

[0048] This deformation triggers protection in two ways:

[0049] Mechanical trigger: The expansion force acts on the conductive circuit contact point or the micro switch to directly cut off the circuit;

[0050] Electric signal trigger: During the alloy phase change, the resistance suddenly increases. The control module 5 detects that the resistance change exceeds the threshold and controls the power supply module 3 to cut off the power within 0.1 second.

[0051] The graphene aerogel framework 71 of the three-dimensional grid reinforcement structure 7 forms a porous network with a pore diameter of 50-100 μm. The metal nano solder joints 72 fix the heating wire to the grid nodes through ultrasonic welding, reduce the contact thermal resistance by 60%-80%, and enable the heat to be evenly conducted along the three-dimensional channels of the graphene aerogel to the base layer 1.

[0052] The glass fiber 91 and ceramic fiber 92 of the gradient fiber thermal insulation layer 9 are alternately laminated at a thickness ratio of 2:1 to form a gradient structure with a decreasing thermal conductivity, controlling the bottom surface temperature of the base layer 1 below 30% of the surface temperature of the heating wire and avoiding overheating on the back.

[0053] The main conductive line 81 and redundant detection line 82 of the self-diagnostic conductive network 8 are designed in parallel. The resistivity of the PEDOT:PSS conductive ink coated on the redundant line increases exponentially when the temperature is above 60°C. When the resistance change of the main line exceeds the ±15% threshold, the control module 5 automatically switches to the redundant line and feedbacks the fault location to the external terminal through the encoded signal to ensure the uninterrupted transmission of the protection signal.

[0054] The control module 5 is built-in with a neural network algorithm. Based on the component ratio and real-time temperature data of the heating wire, it predicts the temperature change trend in the next 5 - 10 seconds. By adjusting the output power of the power module 3 in advance, it suppresses the temperature overshoot and controls the temperature fluctuation range within ±2°C, realizing the upgrade from "passive protection" to "active regulation".

[0055] When the temperature of the heating wire 2 drops to the safe range, the shape memory alloy of the intelligent phase change protection layer 6 undergoes an inverse phase change and returns to its original form. The control module 5 detects the drop of the temperature signal and automatically restores the power supply of the power module 3, forming a closed-loop cycle of "overheat protection - temperature drop - restart", and can work repeatedly without manual intervention.

[0056] Principle Summary

[0057] Through the deep coordination of the heating wire composition - structure - control, the present invention realizes the integrated functions of "temperature perception - heat conduction regulation - fault diagnosis - active protection":

[0058] The phase change characteristics of the Ni - Ti based alloy combined with the high thermal conductivity of the carbon nanotubes endow the heating wire with self-sensing protection ability;

[0059] The three-dimensional grid and gradient thermal insulation layer solve the problems of thermal uniformity and back surface temperature rise, and the redundant conductive network improves the line reliability;

[0060] The neural network algorithm and self-resetting mechanism realize intelligent prediction and cyclic protection.

[0061] Each labeled component is closely coupled through physical contact or signal transmission to form an electrothermal protection system with a fast response <10ms, accurate diagnosis, and adjustable protection temperatures of 85°C / 95°C / 105°C to adapt to multiple conditions.

[0062] The intelligent phase change protection layer described in the present invention is composed of a low melting point shape memory alloy and a carbon nanotube array. The phase change temperature of the shape memory alloy matches the preset protection temperature of the heating wire 2, and a volume expansion occurs during the phase change to trigger the open circuit signal of the control module 5;

[0063] The three-dimensional grid reinforcement structure is composed of a graphene aerogel skeleton and metal nano solder joints. The graphene aerogel skeleton forms a porous network with a pore size of 50 - 100 μm, and the metal nano solder joints fix the heating wire 2 to the grid nodes and reduce the contact thermal resistance;

[0064] The self-diagnostic conductive network includes a main conductive line and a redundant detection line arranged in parallel. The surface of the redundant detection line is coated with temperature-sensitive conductive ink, which automatically switches and feeds back the fault location when the resistance of the main line is abnormal;

[0065] The gradient fiber thermal insulation layer is composed of alternately laminated glass fibers and ceramic fibers. The diameter of the glass fibers is 5 - 10 μm, and the diameter of the ceramic fibers is 1 - 3 μm, forming a gradient structure with a decreasing thermal conductivity in the thickness direction.

[0066] When the preset protection temperature of the present invention is 85 °C, the component ratios of the heating wire 2 include one of the following cases:

[0067] The nickel content is 50.5% - 51.0%, the titanium content is 49.5% - 49.0%, the copper content is 0, and the iron Fe content is 0;

[0068] The nickel content is 49.5% - 50.0%, the titanium content is 49.5% - 49.0%, the copper content is 1%, and the iron content is 0;

[0069] The nickel content is 49.5% - 50.0%, the titanium content is 49.5% - 49.0%, the copper content is 0, and the iron content is 1%.

[0070] When the preset protection temperature of the present invention is 95 °C, the component ratio of the heating wire 2 is that the nickel content is 49.5% - 50.0%, the titanium content is 50.5% - 50.0%, the copper content is 0, and the iron content is 0.

[0071] When the preset protection temperature of the present invention is 105 °C, the component ratio of the heating wire 2 is that the nickel content is 48.5% - 49.5%, the titanium content is 51.5% - 51.0%, the copper content is 0, and the iron content is 0.

[0072] The heating wire 2 of the present invention is formed by a heat treatment process, and the heat treatment process includes:

[0073] After 20% - 30% cold rolling deformation, annealing at 500 °C to form high-density dislocations and nano-twins, enhancing the phase transformation synergy;

[0074] Solution treatment at 900 - 1000 °C followed by water quenching to obtain a uniform austenite parent phase and reduce composition segregation.

[0075] After the control module 5 of the present invention stops the power supply module 3 from energizing the heating wire 2, it can control the power supply module 3 to resume energizing the heating wire 2 according to the temperature drop of the heating wire 2, realizing the self-resetting function.

[0076] In the intelligent phase change protective layer of the present invention, the component ratio of the low melting point shape memory alloy is as follows:

[0077] When the preset protection temperature is 85°C, the nickel content is 50.5%-51.0%, the titanium content is 49.5%-49.0%, and after 20%-30% cold rolling deformation and annealing treatment at 500°C, a high-density dislocation enhanced phase change sensitivity is formed;

[0078] The carbon nanotube array grows perpendicular to the surface of the heating wire 2, and the density is 10^9-10^10 roots / cm 2 , which is used to accelerate the heat conduction to the edge of the protective layer;

[0079] In the three-dimensional grid reinforcement structure, the porosity of the graphene aerogel framework is 80%-90%, the metal nano solder joints use Ag70Cu30 alloy, and 5-10μm solder joints are formed by ultrasonic welding, reducing the contact thermal resistance between the heating wire and the base layer by 60%-80%;

[0080] The redundant detection circuit of the self-diagnostic conductive network uses PEDOT:PSS conductive ink, and the resistivity increases exponentially above 60°C. When the main circuit resistance changes by more than ±15%, the control module sends a fault code to the external terminal through the redundant circuit.

[0081] In the gradient fiber thermal insulation layer of the present invention, the thickness ratio of the glass fiber layer 91 to the ceramic fiber layer 92 is 2:1, and the overall thermal conductivity ≤0.05W / (m·K), which can control the bottom surface temperature of the base layer 1 to be below 30% of the surface temperature of the heating wire 2;

[0082] The heating wire 2 is helically wound around the three-dimensional grid nodes, with a pitch of 1-3mm and an adjacent axis spacing of 2-5mm, forming a uniform heat radiation surface.

[0083] The control module 5 of the present invention is built-in with a neural network algorithm. Based on the component ratio and real-time temperature data of the heating wire 2, it predicts the temperature change trend in the next 5-10 seconds and adjusts the output power of the power supply module 3 in advance.

[0084] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and all these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electrothermal structure with a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire, comprising a base layer (1), wherein a plurality of heating wires (2) are arranged in the base layer (1), and it is characterized in that, Comprising: Multiple heating wires (2), the composition of the heating wires (2) includes nickel, titanium, copper, and iron. By adjusting the proportions of nickel, titanium, copper, and iron, the resistance value of the heating wire changes with temperature; A power supply module (3), the power supply module (3) is electrically connected to the multiple heating wires (2) for supplying power to the heating wires (2); A temperature detection module (4) for detecting the temperature of the heating wires (2) in real time; A control module (5), the control module (5) is communicatively connected to the temperature detection module (4) and the power supply module (3) respectively. When the temperature detection module (4) detects that the temperature of the heating wires (2) is too high, the control module (5) controls the power supply module (3) to stop powering the heating wires (2) to achieve high-temperature protection; An intelligent phase change protective layer is covered on the surface of the heating wires (2), a three-dimensional grid reinforcement structure is embedded between the base layer (1) and the heating wires (2), a self-diagnostic conductive network is arranged between the control module (5) and the heating wires (2), and a gradient fiber heat insulation layer is arranged at the bottom of the base layer (1).

2. An electrothermal structure with a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent phase change protective layer is composed of a low-melting-point shape memory alloy and a carbon nanotube array. The phase change temperature of the shape memory alloy matches the preset protection temperature of the heating wires (2), and volume expansion occurs during phase change to trigger the open-circuit signal of the control module (5); The three-dimensional grid reinforcement structure is composed of a graphene aerogel framework and metal nanosolder joints. The graphene aerogel framework forms a porous network with a pore size of 50 - 100 μm, and the metal nanosolder joints fix the heating wires (2) at the grid nodes and reduce the contact thermal resistance; The self-diagnostic conductive network includes a main conductive line and a redundant detection line arranged in parallel. The surface of the redundant detection line is coated with temperature-sensitive conductive ink, and it automatically switches and feedbacks the fault location when the resistance of the main line is abnormal; The gradient fiber heat insulation layer includes alternating laminations of glass fibers and ceramic fibers. The diameter of the glass fibers is 5 - 10 μm, and the diameter of the ceramic fibers is 1 - 3 μm, forming a gradient structure with a decreasing thermal conductivity in the thickness direction.

3. An electrothermal structure having a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the preset protection temperature is 85 °C, the composition proportions of the heating wires (2) include one of the following cases: Nickel content is 50.5% - 51.0%, titanium content is 49.5% - 49.0%, copper content is 0, and iron Fe content is 0; Nickel content is 49.5% - 50.0%, titanium content is 49.5% - 49.0%, copper content is 1%, and iron content is 0; Nickel content is 49.5% - 50.0%, titanium content is 49.5% - 49.0%, copper content is 0, and iron content is 1%.

4. An electric heating structure with a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the preset protection temperature is 95 °C, the composition proportion of the heating wires (2) is nickel content is 49.5% - 50.0%, titanium content is 50.5% - 50.0%, copper content is 0, and iron content is 0.

5. An electrothermal structure with a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the preset protection temperature is 105 °C, the component ratio of the heating wire (2) is: nickel content is 48.5% - 49.5%, titanium content is 51.5% - 51.0%, copper content is 0, and iron content is 0.

6. The electrothermal structure with a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heating wire (2) is formed by a heat treatment process, and the heat treatment process includes: After 20% - 30% cold rolling deformation, annealing at 500 °C to form high-density dislocations and nano-twins, enhancing the phase transformation synergy; Solution treatment at 900 - 1000 °C followed by water quenching to obtain a uniform austenite parent phase and reduce composition segregation.

7. The electrothermal structure with a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the control module (5) controls the power module (3) to stop energizing the heating wire (2), it can control the power module (3) to resume energizing the heating wire (2) according to the temperature drop of the heating wire (2), realizing the self-resetting function.

8. An electrothermal structure with a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the intelligent phase change protective layer, the component ratio of the low melting point shape memory alloy is: When the preset protection temperature is 85 °C, nickel content is 50.5% - 51.0%, titanium content is 49.5% - 49.0%, and after 20% - 30% cold rolling deformation and annealing treatment at 500 °C, high-density dislocations are formed to enhance the phase transformation sensitivity; The carbon nanotube array grows perpendicular to the surface of the heating wire (2) with a density of 10^9 - 10^10 roots / cm 2 , which is used to accelerate the heat conduction to the edge of the protective layer; In the three-dimensional grid reinforcement structure, the porosity of the graphene aerogel skeleton is 80% - 90%, the metal nano-solder joints use Ag70Cu30 alloy, and 5 - 10 μm solder joints are formed by ultrasonic welding, reducing the contact thermal resistance between the heating wire and the base layer by 60% - 80%; The redundant detection circuit of the self-diagnostic conductive network uses PEDOT:PSS conductive ink, and the resistivity increases exponentially above 60 °C. When the resistance change of the main circuit exceeds ±15%, the control module sends a fault code to the external terminal through the redundant circuit.

9. An electrothermal structure having a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire according to claim 8, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the glass fiber layer (91) to the ceramic fiber layer (92) of the gradient fiber thermal insulation layer is 2:1, and the overall thermal conductivity ≤ 0.05 W / (m·K), which can control the bottom surface temperature of the base layer (1) to be below 30% of the surface temperature of the heating wire (2); The heating wire (2) is helically wound around the three-dimensional grid nodes, with a pitch of 1 - 3 mm and an adjacent axis spacing of 2 - 5 mm, forming a uniform heat radiation surface.

10. An electrothermal structure with a high-temperature protection resistance heating wire according to claim 9, characterized in that, The control module (5) is built-in with a neural network algorithm. Based on the component ratio and real-time temperature data of the heating wire (2), it predicts the temperature change trend in the next 5 - 10 seconds and adjusts the output power of the power module (3) in advance.

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