Coral sand particle size and shape double sorting device and screening method

Abstract

The invention discloses a coral sand particle size and shape double sorting device which comprises a plurality of sorting systems, a sorting system fixing support and a screening machine, and the sorting systems comprise a particle size sorting system, a flaky particle sorting system and a block-shaped and rod-shaped particle sorting system which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The screening machine is compatible with an existing standard inspection screening machine and is simple in structure, complex mechanical equipment does not need to be introduced on the basis that a traditional particle size sorting function is reserved, the screen is customized according to needs during use, and the equipment transformation cost is remarkably reduced; the invention further discloses a coral sand particle size and shape dual screening method, the device can simultaneously screen sample particles in different target particle size ranges, the sample particles in the different target particle size ranges are screened in a sheet shape, a block shape and a rod shape, and the particle size and shape of the coral sand particles can be screened through optimized screening parameters. And the phenomena of sieve leakage and sieve mixing are effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of particle screening, and in particular relates to a dual sorting device for coral sand particle size and shape, and also relates to a dual screening method for coral sand particle size and shape. Background Art

[0002] At present, the screening of coral sand in the laboratory mainly adopts the traditional standard test screening machine screening method, which screens spherical or quasi-spherical particles of different particle sizes by changing the size of the screen. However, this method is difficult to effectively distinguish coral sand particles of different shapes (such as flakes, rods and blocks) within the same particle size range. In response to this problem, some patents have proposed some new sorting methods.

[0003] The method of using a screening chute and a screening chute in the prior art is intended to allow the strip coral sand to enter the bottom screening area in a horizontal state, thereby achieving the classification of strip particles. However, there are the following shortcomings: (1) The screening area is small, the screening efficiency is low, and it is difficult to meet the needs of batch screening; (2) It is required that the strip coral sand particles all enter the screening area in a horizontal state, which is too harsh for the coral sand particles in a continuous vibration state; (3) The device is only suitable for the sorting of strip particles, and it is difficult to achieve the complete separation of flake, rod and block coral sand particles.

[0004] In the prior art, aggregate particles are separated by using sheet-shaped sieve holes and elliptical sieve holes. However, there are the following problems: (1) Incompletely separated sheet-shaped particles may fall into the needle-shaped collection box through the needle-shaped gauge, resulting in reduced screening accuracy; (2) The device adopts a manual screening method, which has low screening efficiency and is prone to sieve hole clogging, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale sorting.

[0005] In the prior art, the separation method based on the difference in the speed of particles moving on the inclined distribution plate can separate the catalyst material into spherical particles, ellipsoidal particles and non-spherical particles. However, this method is suitable for particles with smooth surfaces and shapes that are sensitive to movement speed. As a special geotechnical engineering material of biological origin, coral sand particles have a rough and porous surface, and some rod-shaped particles also have branched structures (such as the remains of staghorn corals), which makes it difficult to effectively distinguish coral sand particles of different shapes by movement speed.

[0006] In addition, although some existing particle optical color sorting equipment on the market has shape sorting function, its sorting accuracy is low, and it is difficult to accurately sort the shape of coral sand particles below 2mm. At the same time, this type of equipment is expensive, has low sorting efficiency, and has strict requirements on environmental conditions (for example, a large amount of dust generated by the crushing of coral sand particles will interfere with the equipment scanning), which is not suitable for large-scale shape sorting operations. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a dual sorting device for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles in view of the above problems existing in the prior art, and also provide a dual screening method for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles.

[0008] The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means:

[0009] A dual sorting device for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles, including a screening machine, and further including a particle size sorting system, a flaky particle sorting system, and a block and rod particle sorting system connected in sequence from top to bottom, and also including a sorting system fixing bracket. A top cover is provided on the particle size sorting system. The particle size sorting system, the flaky particle sorting system, and the block and rod particle sorting system are arranged in the sorting system fixing bracket. The sorting system fixing bracket is erected on the vibration mechanism at the top of the screening machine. The particle size sorting system includes an upper screening box and n target particle size screening boxes connected in sequence from top to bottom. The top of the upper screening box is connected to the top cover. The flaky particle sorting system includes n flaky screening boxes connected in sequence from top to bottom. The block and rod particle sorting system includes n block and rod screening boxes and a collection box connected in sequence from top to bottom. The bottom of the lowermost target particle size screening box is connected to the top of the uppermost flaky screening box. The bottom of the lowermost flaky screening box is connected to the top of the uppermost block and rod screening box. The bottom of the lowermost block and rod screening box is connected to the top of the collection box.

[0010] As described above, the sieves at the bottoms of the upper screening box and each target particle size screening box are all single-layer round-hole sieves. The pore diameters of the sieves of the upper screening box and each target particle size screening box decrease in a gradient from top to bottom. Each target particle size screening box screens out sample particles within a set target particle size range. The pore diameter of the sieve of each target particle size screening box is the lower limit value of the corresponding target particle size range. The pore diameter of the sieve of the upper screening box is the maximum target particle size. The pore diameter of the sieve of the lowermost target particle size screening box is the minimum target particle size.

[0011] As described above, the bottoms of the flaky screening boxes and the block and rod screening boxes are both sieves, and inclined guide plates are provided in both the flaky screening boxes and the block and rod screening boxes;

[0012] The outer periphery of the inclined guide plate of each flaky screening box is connected to the inner wall of the corresponding flaky screening box. The inclined guide plate of each flaky screening box forms a set angle with the sieve of the corresponding flaky screening box. The inclined guide plate of each flaky screening box divides the interior of the corresponding flaky screening box into an upper collection area and a lower screening area;

[0013] The outer periphery of the inclined guide plates of each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box is connected to the inner wall of the corresponding block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box. An angle is formed between the inclined guide plates of each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box and the screen of the corresponding block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box. The inclined guide plates of each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box divide the interior of the corresponding block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box into an upper collection area and a lower screening area.

[0014] As described above, the screen holes of the screen of the sheet-shaped screening box are strip-shaped screen holes. The length of the screen holes of the screen of the sheet-shaped screening box is twice the width of the screen holes. When i = 1, the length of the screen holes of the screen of the i-th sheet-shaped screening box is the same as the aperture of the screen holes of the screen of the upper screening box. When i = 2 to n, the length of the screen holes of the screen of the i-th sheet-shaped screening box is the same as the aperture of the screen holes of the screen of the (i - 1)-th target particle size screening box. Here, i is the serial number, and i takes values from 1 to n.

[0015] As described above, the screen of the block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box includes an upper screen and a lower screen. Both the upper screen and the lower screen are round-hole screens. The aperture of the screen holes of the lower screen is twice the aperture of the screen holes of the upper screen. The aperture of the screen holes of the lower screen is the same as the pitch of the screen holes of the upper screen. The pitch of the screen holes of the lower screen is the same as the aperture of the screen holes of the upper screen. The screen holes of the upper screen and the screen holes of the lower screen are staggered in the vertical direction. When i = 1, the aperture of the screen holes of the upper screen of the i-th block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box is the same as the aperture of the screen holes of the screen of the upper screening box. When i = 2 to n, the aperture of the screen holes of the upper screen of the i-th block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box is the same as the aperture of the screen holes of the screen of the (i - 1)-th target particle size screening box.

[0016] As described above, the tops of the upper screening box, each target particle size screening box, each sheet-shaped screening box, each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box, and the collection box are all provided with the same connecting grooves along the circumferential direction. The bottoms of the upper screening box, each target particle size screening box, each sheet-shaped screening box, each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box, and the collection box are all provided with the same connecting protrusions along the circumferential direction. The bottom of the top cover is also provided with the same connecting protrusions. The size and shape of the connecting protrusions and the connecting grooves are all adapted to each other. Valves are provided on the side walls of the upper screening box, each target particle size screening box, and the collection box. Valves are provided on the side walls of the screening areas and collection areas of each sheet-shaped screening box and each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box.

[0017] As described above, the sorting system fixing bracket includes a base, a plurality of vertical screws, and a cross bar. The base is also provided with a connecting groove. The screws are evenly distributed on both sides of the sorting system. A plurality of connecting seats are arranged on the base, and the screws are inserted into the connecting seats. Connecting handles are provided on the screws. The cross bar is erected between two screws corresponding in position. The base of the screen fixing bracket is erected and fixed on the vibration mechanism at the top of the screening machine. The connecting protrusion at the bottom of the collection box is adaptively connected to the connecting groove of the base. The cross bar presses on the top cover, and both ends of the cross bar are respectively inserted into the connecting handles on the screws on both sides. The fixing nut is tightened on the connecting handle from the top end of the screw, and the cross bar tightly presses on the top cover.

[0018] A dual screening method for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles, using a dual sorting device for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles as described above, includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Assemble the screening machine, the sorting system fixing bracket, the particle size sorting system, the flake particle sorting system, and the block and rod particle sorting system.

[0020] Step 2: Load the sample into the upper screening box, start the screening machine to perform two-way vibration in the horizontal and vertical directions, set the vibration time, and perform screening and sorting of the sample particle size in the particle size sorting system. After the vibration ends, the sample particles with a particle diameter larger than the maximum target particle diameter remain in the upper screening box, and the sample particles with a particle diameter smaller than the minimum target particle diameter fall into the collection area of the uppermost flake screening box. The sample particles in different target particle size ranges remain in the target particle size screening boxes corresponding to the target particle size ranges.

[0021] Step 3: Open the valves in the screening areas of each target particle size screening box and each flake screening box, connect the valve of the i-th target particle size screening box to the valve in the screening area of the i-th flake screening box through a diversion pipe, start the screening machine, transfer the sample particles in the i-th target particle size screening box to the screening area of the i-th flake screening box. After the transfer is completed, remove the diversion pipe and close the valves in the screening areas of each target particle size screening box and each flake screening box.

[0022] Step 4: Start the screening machine to perform two-way vibration in the horizontal and vertical directions, set the vibration time, and perform the first screening and sorting of the sample shape in the flake particle sorting system. After the vibration ends, the flake sample particles in each flake screening box except the lowermost flake screening box respectively fall into the collection area of the adjacent lower-layer flake screening box, and the flake sample particles in the lowermost flake screening box fall into the collection area of the adjacent block and rod screening box. The block and rod sample particles in the corresponding target particle size range are in the screening areas of each flake screening box.

[0023] Step 5: Open the valves of the screening areas of each sheet-shaped screening box and each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box. Connect the valve of the i-th sheet-shaped screening box to the valve of the screening area of the i-th block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box through a diversion pipe. Start the screening machine, transfer the sample particles in the i-th sheet-shaped screening box to the screening area of the i-th block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box. After the transfer is completed, remove the diversion pipe and close the valves of the screening areas of each sheet-shaped screening box and each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box;

[0024] Step 6: Start the screening machine for two-way vibration in the horizontal and vertical directions, set the vibration time, and conduct the second screening and sorting of the sample shape in the block-shaped and rod-shaped particle sorting system. After the vibration ends, the block-shaped sample particles in each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box except the lowermost block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box respectively fall into the collection area of the adjacent lower-layer block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box, and the block-shaped sample particles in the lowermost block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box fall into the collection box. The rod-shaped sample particles in the screening areas of each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box are of the corresponding target particle size range;

[0025] As described above, before screening in the particle size sorting system, the volume of the sample particles in the upper screening box accounts for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the volume of the upper screening box;

[0026] After Step 2, screen by adding samples to the upper screening box again, repeat Step 2 until the sample particles in each target particle size screening box account for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the volume of the target particle size screening box, and then execute Step 3 to make the volume of the sample particles in each sheet-shaped screening box of the sheet-shaped particle sorting system after transfer account for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the volume of the corresponding sheet-shaped screening box;

[0027] After Step 4, add samples to the upper screening box again for screening, repeat Steps 2 to 4 until the sample particles in each sheet-shaped screening box account for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the volume of the sheet-shaped screening box, and then execute Step 5 to make the volume of the sample particles in each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box of the block-shaped and rod-shaped particle sorting system after transfer account for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the volume of the corresponding block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box.

[0028] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0029] (1) It is compatible with the existing standard inspection screening machine, has a simple structure and is easy to promote. On the basis of retaining the traditional particle size sorting function, it realizes shape sorting by adding multi-stage special-shaped sieves (such as strip sieves, double-layer round hole sieves, etc.), without introducing complex mechanical equipment, and can customize the sieves as needed during use, significantly reducing the equipment transformation cost; at the same time, the structure of this invention patent is simple and the operation is convenient, which is easy to be popularized and applied in resource-limited environments such as laboratories and island reef projects.

[0030] (2) In the present invention, the interior of the screening box of the shape sorting system is divided into a screening area and a collection area by an inclined guide plate. This reduces the number of screening boxes by 50% on the premise of ensuring accurate screening, streamlining the screening system. At the same time, valves are added to the side wall of the screening box, facilitating the transportation of the screened sand samples to the lower-layer shape sorting system and the sample collection box through the diversion pipe, reducing the manual equipment disassembly process and improving the sorting efficiency.

[0031] (3) The device of the present invention can simultaneously screen out sample particles with multiple different particle diameters, and perform shape screening of flaky, blocky, and rod-shaped on the sample particles with multiple different particle diameters respectively. At the same time, through optimized screening parameters (the sample loading amount is 1 / 3 - 1 / 2 of the volume of the screening box, and the screening time is set to 15 minutes), the sorting accuracy and sorting efficiency are significantly improved, realizing the complete separation of flaky, rod-shaped, and blocky coral sands within the same particle size range, effectively avoiding the "missed screening" and "mixed screening" phenomena in traditional equipment.

[0032] (4) The present invention can also be extended to the shape sorting of other non-spherical particles such as mineral particles and ceramic particles by adjusting the sieve hole size and shape, providing an efficient and economical general sorting solution for fields such as materials science. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is a classification diagram of flaky, blocky, and rod-shaped coral sand particles of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of one of the target particle size screening boxes of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of one of the flaky screening boxes of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of one of the blocky and rod-shaped screening boxes of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the screening principle of the blocky and rod-shaped particle sorting system of the present invention;

[0039] Reference numerals and corresponding component names:

[0040] 1 - Sorting system fixed bracket; 2 - Particle size sorting system; 3 - Flaky particle sorting system; 4 - Blocky and rod-shaped particle sorting system; 5 - Valve; 6 - Connecting protrusion; 7 - Connecting groove; 8 - Diversion pipe; 9 - Screening machine; 10 - Fixed nut; 11 - Connecting handle; 12 - Cross bar; 13 - Screw; 14 - Upper screening box; 15 - Target particle size screening box; 16 - Flaky screening box; 17 - Oblique diversion plate; 18 - Blocky and rod-shaped screening box; 19 - Collection box; 20 - Base. Detailed implementation mode

[0041] To facilitate the understanding and implementation of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. The embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] A dual sorting device for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles, comprising three sorting systems (namely, the particle size sorting system 2, the flaky particle sorting system 3, and the blocky and rod-shaped particle sorting system 4), a sorting system fixed bracket 1, and a screening machine 9. The particle size sorting system 2, the flaky particle sorting system 3, and the blocky and rod-shaped particle sorting system 4 are connected in sequence from top to bottom. A top cover is provided on the particle size sorting system 2. The particle size sorting system 2, the flaky particle sorting system 3, and the blocky and rod-shaped particle sorting system 4 are arranged in the sorting system fixed bracket 1. The sorting system fixed bracket 1 is mounted on a vibration mechanism (such as a spring) on the top of the screening machine 9. The particle size sorting system 2 includes an upper screening box 14 and n target particle size screening boxes 15 connected in sequence from top to bottom. The top of the upper screening box 14 is connected to the top cover. Specifically, the bottom of the upper screening box 14 is connected to the top of the uppermost target particle size screening box 15. The tops of the remaining target particle size screening boxes 15 except the uppermost one are connected to the bottoms of the upper-layer target particle size screening boxes 15. The flaky particle sorting system 3 includes n flaky screening boxes 16 connected in sequence from top to bottom. The blocky and rod-shaped particle sorting system 4 includes n blocky and rod-shaped screening boxes 18 and a collection box 19 connected in sequence from top to bottom. The bottom of the lowermost target particle size screening box 15 is connected to the top of the uppermost flaky screening box 16. The bottom of the lowermost flaky screening box 16 is connected to the top of the uppermost blocky and rod-shaped screening box 18. The bottom of the lowermost blocky and rod-shaped screening box 18 is connected to the top of the collection box 19.

[0044] The screening meshes at the bottoms of the upper screening box 14 and each target particle size screening box 15 of the particle size sorting system 2 are all single-layer round-hole screening meshes. The particle size sorting system 2 is successively the upper screening box 14 and the 1st to nth target particle size screening boxes 15 from top to bottom. The pore diameters of the screening meshes of the upper screening box 14 and each target particle size screening box 15 of the particle size sorting system 2 gradually decrease from top to bottom. Each target particle size screening box 15 screens out sample particles within the set target particle size range. The pore diameter of the screening mesh of each target particle size screening box 15 is the lower limit value of the corresponding target particle size range, the pore diameter of the screening mesh of the upper screening box 14 is the maximum target particle size, and the pore diameter of the screening mesh of the lowermost target particle size screening box 15 is the minimum target particle size.

[0045] When screening using the particle size sorting system 2, the screening machine 9 vibrates in both horizontal and vertical directions. The particle size sorting system 2 can screen out samples with multiple different target particle size ranges (the sample in this embodiment is coral sand). Among them, coral sand particles with a particle diameter larger than the maximum target particle size remain in the upper screening box 14, and coral sand particles with a particle diameter smaller than the minimum target particle size fall into the collection area of the first flaky screening box 16 (the uppermost one) of the flaky particle sorting system 3. Coral sand particles within different target particle size ranges remain in the corresponding target particle size screening boxes 15. The upper screening box 14 and the two target particle size screening boxes 15 shown in Figure 1 are used to indicate the positional connection relationship and do not mean that the particle size sorting system 2 only has two target particle size screening boxes 15. In fact, the particle size sorting system 2 can include multiple target particle size screening boxes 15;

[0046] The pore diameters of the screening meshes of the upper screening box 14 and each target particle size screening box 15 of the particle size sorting system 2 should meet the requirements of the "Standard for Geotechnical Test Methods" (GB / T 50123-2019);

[0047] Table 1 is a table of the pore diameters of the screening meshes of the upper screening box 14 and each target particle size screening box 15

[0048]

[0049] The bottoms of the flaky screening box 16 and the blocky and rod-shaped screening box 18 are both screening meshes, and inclined guide plates 17 are provided in both the flaky screening box 16 and the blocky and rod-shaped screening box 18;

[0050] The outer periphery of the inclined guide plate 17 of each flaky screening box 16 is connected to the inner wall of the corresponding flaky screening box 16. The inclined guide plate 17 of each flaky screening box 16 forms a set angle with the screening mesh of the corresponding flaky screening box 16. The inclined guide plate 17 of each flaky screening box 16 divides the interior of the corresponding flaky screening box 16 into an upper collection area and a lower screening area;

[0051] The outer periphery of the inclined guide plates 17 of each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 is connected to the inner wall of the corresponding block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18. An angle is formed between the inclined guide plates 17 of each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 and the screen of the corresponding block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18. The inclined guide plates 17 of each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 divide the interior of the corresponding block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 into an upper collection area and a lower screening area.

[0052] Since the coral sand is mainly composed of flaky, block-shaped, and rod-shaped particles, in this embodiment, a flatness ratio of 0.5 is used as the threshold for classifying the particle shapes of the coral sand. Coral sand with a flatness ratio < (less than) 0.5 is flaky, and coral sand with a flatness ratio > (greater than) 0.5 is block-shaped or rod-shaped. Therefore, the sieve holes of the screen of the flaky screening box 16 of the flaky particle sorting system 3 are strip-shaped sieve holes. The number of flaky screening boxes 16 is the same as the number of target particle size screening boxes 15. In this embodiment, the length of the sieve holes of the screen of the flaky screening box 16 is twice the width of the sieve holes. Each flaky screening box 16 screens the coral sand particles in different target particle size ranges into flaky particles. The aperture of the sieve holes of the screen of each flaky screening box 16 is the same as the upper limit value of the corresponding target particle size range. Specifically, when i = 1, the length of the sieve holes of the screen of the i-th flaky screening box 16 is the same as the aperture of the sieve holes of the screen of the upper screening box 14. When i = 2 to n, the length of the sieve holes of the screen of the i-th flaky screening box 16 is the same as the aperture of the sieve holes of the screen of the (i - 1)-th target particle size screening box 15, where i is the serial number and i takes values from 1 to n.

[0053] In Figure 1 The two flaky screening boxes 16 of the flaky particle sorting system 3 shown in are used to indicate the positional connection relationship and do not mean that there are only two flaky screening boxes 16. Actually, the flaky particle sorting system 3 can include multiple shape screening boxes according to the target particle size ranges to be screened. The arrangement of the sieve holes on the screen of the flaky particle sorting system 3 shall meet the requirements of "Technical Requirements and Inspection for Test Sieves - Part 2: Test Sieves of Perforated Metal Sheets" (GB / T 6003.2 - 2024);

[0054] Table 2 is a table of the aperture of the sieve holes of the screen of each flaky screening box 16 of an example flaky particle sorting system 3

[0055]

[0056] When screening with the sheet-like particle sorting system 3, the screening machine 9 vibrates bidirectionally horizontally and vertically. Since the thickness of the sheet-like coral sand is less than the width of the strip-shaped sieve holes, the sheet-like coral sand particles in each sheet-like screening box 16 except the lowermost (i.e., the nth) sheet-like screening box 16 fall into the collection area of the adjacent lower-layer sheet-like screening box 16 respectively, and the sheet-like coral sand particles in the lowermost sheet-like screening box 16 fall into the collection area of the adjacent block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18. In the screening area of each sheet-like screening box 16 are block-shaped and rod-shaped coral sand particles within the corresponding target particle size range;

[0057] In this embodiment, the elongation rate of 0.5 is used as the threshold for classifying the particle shapes of block-shaped and rod-shaped coral sand. The sieve mesh of the block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 of the block-shaped and rod-shaped particle sorting system 4 is a double-layer round-hole sieve mesh. The sieve mesh of the block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 includes an upper sieve mesh and a lower sieve mesh. The aperture of the sieve holes in the lower sieve mesh is twice that of the sieve holes in the upper sieve mesh. The aperture of the sieve holes in the lower sieve mesh is the same as the sieve hole spacing of the upper sieve mesh. The sieve hole spacing of the lower sieve mesh is the same as the aperture of the sieve holes in the upper sieve mesh. The sieve holes in the upper sieve mesh and the sieve holes in the lower sieve mesh are staggered in the vertical direction. The spacing H between the upper sieve mesh and the lower sieve mesh is the same as the aperture of the sieve holes in the upper sieve mesh;

[0058] In this embodiment, the number of block-shaped and rod-shaped screening boxes 18 is the same as the number of target particle size screening boxes 15. Each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 conducts block-shaped and rod-shaped screening on coral sand particles within different target particle size ranges. The aperture of the sieve holes in the upper sieve mesh of each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 is the same as the upper limit value of the corresponding target particle size range. Specifically, when i is 1, the aperture of the sieve holes in the upper sieve mesh of the ith block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 is the same as the aperture of the sieve holes in the sieve mesh of the upper screening box 14. When i is 2 to n, the aperture of the sieve holes in the sieve mesh of the ith block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 is the same as the aperture of the sieve holes in the sieve mesh of the (i - 1)th target particle size screening box 15.

[0059] In Figure 1 The two block-shaped and rod-shaped screening boxes 18 shown in the block-shaped and rod-shaped particle sorting system 4 are used to indicate the positional connection relationship, and do not mean that the block-shaped and rod-shaped particle sorting system 4 only has two block-shaped and rod-shaped screening boxes 18. In fact, the block-shaped and rod-shaped particle sorting system 4 can include multiple block-shaped and rod-shaped screening boxes 18.

[0060] Table 3 is an example of the sieve hole aperture table of the upper sieve mesh, lower sieve mesh, and sieve hole spacing of each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18

[0061]

[0062] When screening with the blocky and rod-shaped particle sorting system 4, the screening machine 9 vibrates in both horizontal and vertical directions. Since the length of the rod-shaped coral sand is greater than the distance H between the upper sieve and the lower sieve, it is blocked when contacting the part between the sieve holes of the lower sieve during the falling process, and returns to the upper sieve under the action of vertical vibration, avoiding sieve hole blockage. Therefore, in the screening area of each blocky and rod-shaped screening box 18, there are rod-shaped coral sand particles corresponding to the target particle size range; since the length of the blocky coral sand is less than the distance H between the upper sieve and the lower sieve, it can freely pass through the upper sieve and the lower sieve, and passes through the upper sieve and the lower sieve under the action of vibration. Therefore, the blocky coral sand particles in each blocky and rod-shaped screening box 18 except the lowermost blocky and rod-shaped screening box 18 respectively fall into the collection area of the adjacent lower-layer blocky and rod-shaped screening box 18, and the blocky coral sand particles in the lowermost blocky and rod-shaped screening box 18 fall into the collection box 19.

[0063] In addition, connection grooves 7 are circumferentially provided at the tops of the upper screening box 14, each target particle size screening box 15, each flaky screening box 16, each blocky and rod-shaped screening box 18, and the collection box 19. Connection protrusions 6 are circumferentially provided at the bottoms of the upper screening box 14, each target particle size screening box 15, each flaky screening box 16, each blocky and rod-shaped screening box 18, and the collection box 19. The outer edge of the bottom of the top cover is also provided with the same connection protrusion 6. The sizes and shapes of the connection protrusion 6 and the connection groove 7 are adapted to each other. The adapted connection of the connection protrusion 6 and the connection groove 7 is used to ensure the circumferential stability of each sorting system.

[0064] The sorting system fixing bracket 1 includes a base 20, a plurality of vertical screw rods 13, and a cross bar 12. The base 20 is also provided with a connection groove 7. The screw rods 13 are evenly distributed on both sides of the sorting system. A plurality of connection seats are provided on the base 20. The screw rods 13 are inserted into the connection seats. Connection handles 11 are provided on the screw rods 13. The cross bar 12 is erected between two screw rods 13 corresponding in position. The cross bar 12 presses tightly on the top cover. The two ends of the cross bar 12 are respectively inserted into the connection handles 11 on the screw rods 13 on both sides, and then the fixing nuts 10 are tightened on the connection handles 11 from the top ends of the screw rods 13;

[0065] The sorting system fixed bracket 1 is connected to the screening machine 9 and each sorting system in the following way: The base 20 of the sorting system fixed bracket 1 is erected and fixed on the vibration mechanism at the top of the screening machine 9. The connecting protrusion 6 at the bottom of the collection box 19 is adaptively connected to the connecting groove 7 of the base 20. Adjust the vertical position of the adjusting connecting handle 11 so that after the two ends of the cross bar 12 are respectively inserted into the connecting handles 11 on the two side screws 13, the cross bar 12 can press on the top cover. The fixing nut 10 is tightened on the connecting handle 11 from the top end of the screw 13, so that the cross bar 12 tightly presses on the top cover, ensuring the stability in the vertical direction of each sorting system connected as a whole.

[0066] Valves 5 are provided on the side walls of the upper screening box 14, each target particle size screening box 15, and the collection box 19. Valves 5 (spherical valves are used in this embodiment) are provided on the side walls of the screening areas and collection areas of each flaky screening box 16 and each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18;

[0067] After the particle size sorting system 2 finishes screening, open the valves 5 in the screening areas of each target particle size screening box 15 and each flaky screening box 16. Connect the valve 5 of the i-th target particle size screening box 15 and the valve 5 of the screening area of the i-th flaky screening box 16 through the diversion pipe 8. Start the screening machine 9. The coral sand particles of the particle size sorting system 2 are conveyed into the flaky particle sorting system 3 under the action of vibration and gravity, so as to transfer the coral sand particles in the i-th target particle size screening box 15 into the screening area of the i-th flaky screening box 16, and continue to screen the coral sand particles for flaky particles;

[0068] After the flaky particle sorting system 3 finishes screening, open the valves 5 in the screening areas of each flaky screening box 16 and each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18. Connect the valve 5 of the i-th flaky screening box 16 and the valve 5 of the screening area of the i-th block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 through the diversion pipe 8. Start the screening machine 9. The coral sand particles of the flaky particle sorting system 3 are conveyed into the block-shaped and rod-shaped particle sorting system 4 under the action of vibration and gravity, so as to transfer the coral sand particles in the i-th flaky screening box 16 into the screening area of the i-th block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18, and continue to screen the coral sand particles for block-shaped particles and rod-shaped particles;

[0069] After each sorting system finishes screening, the coral sand particles in the collection areas of each flaky screening box 16, the screening areas and collection areas of each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18, and the collection box 19 can be respectively led out to the specimen collection box through the diversion pipe 8. The above method can complete the collection of coral sand without moving the screening box or the collection box 19, with simple operation and labor saving.

[0070] Embodiment 2:

[0071] A dual screening method for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles, using the dual sorting device for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles described in Embodiment 1 above, includes the following steps:

[0072] In this embodiment, the sample uses coral sand;

[0073] Step 1: Assemble the screening machine 9, the sorting system fixing bracket 1, the particle size sorting system 2, the flaky particle sorting system 3, and the block and rod particle sorting system 4. Among them, the top cover is set on the upper screening box 14 of the particle size sorting system 2 to ensure the circumferential stability of each sorting system connected as a whole; the cross bar 12 is tightly pressed on the top cover through the fixing nut 10 to ensure the vertical stability of each sorting system connected as a whole;

[0074] Step 2: Load the coral sand into the upper screening box 14 of the particle size sorting system 2, start the screening machine 9 for two-way vibration in the horizontal and vertical directions, set the vibration time to minutes, and perform screening and sorting of the particle size of the coral sand in the particle size sorting system 2. After the vibration ends, coral sand particles in multiple different target particle size ranges are sorted out. Among them, the coral sand particles with a particle diameter larger than the maximum target particle size remain in the upper screening box 14, and the coral sand particles with a particle diameter smaller than the minimum target particle size fall into the collection area of the first flaky screening box 16, and the coral sand particles in different target particle size ranges remain in the corresponding target particle size screening box 15;

[0075] Step 3: Open the valves 5 in the screening areas of each target particle size screening box 15 and each flaky screening box 16, connect the valve 5 of the i-th target particle size screening box 15 to the valve 5 in the screening area of the i-th flaky screening box 16 through the diversion pipe 8, start the screening machine 9, and transfer the coral sand particles in the i-th target particle size screening box 15 to the screening area of the i-th flaky screening box 16. After the transfer is completed, remove the diversion pipe 8 and close the valves 5 in the screening areas of each target particle size screening box 15 and each flaky screening box 16;

[0076] Step 4: Start the screening machine 9 for two-way vibration in the horizontal and vertical directions, set the vibration time, and perform the first sorting of the shape of the coral sand in the flaky particle sorting system 3. After the vibration ends, the flaky coral sand particles in each flaky screening box 16 except the lowermost flaky screening box 16 respectively fall into the collection area of the adjacent lower flaky screening box 16, and the flaky coral sand particles in the lowermost flaky screening box 16 fall into the collection area of the adjacent block and rod screening box 18, and the block and rod coral sand particles in the corresponding target particle size range are in the screening areas of each flaky screening box 16;

[0077] Step 5: Open the valves 5 in the screening areas of each sheet-shaped screening box 16 and each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18. Connect the valve 5 of the i-th sheet-shaped screening box 16 to the valve 5 of the screening area of the i-th block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 through the diversion pipe 8. Start the screening machine 9 to transfer the coral sand particles in the i-th sheet-shaped screening box 16 to the screening area of the i-th block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18. After the transfer is completed, remove the diversion pipe 8 and close the valves 5 in the screening areas of each sheet-shaped screening box 16 and each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18;

[0078] Step 6: Start the screening machine 9 to perform two-way vibration in the horizontal and vertical directions, set the vibration time, and conduct the second screening and sorting of the coral sand shape in the block-shaped and rod-shaped particle sorting system 4. After the vibration ends, the block-shaped coral sand particles in each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 except the lowermost block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 fall into the collection areas of the adjacent lower-layer block-shaped and rod-shaped screening boxes 18 respectively. The block-shaped coral sand particles in the lowermost block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 fall into the collection box 19. The rod-shaped coral sand particles within the corresponding target particle size range are in the screening areas of each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18;

[0079] Just export the coral sand particles in the collection areas of each sheet-shaped screening box 16, the screening areas and collection areas of each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18, and the collection box 19 to the sample collection box through the diversion pipe 8 respectively, and finally obtain sheet-shaped, block-shaped, and rod-shaped coral sand particles within different target particle size ranges.

[0080] In addition, before screening by the particle size sorting system 2, the volume of the coral sand particles in the upper screening box 14 accounts for 1 / 3 - 1 / 2 of the volume of the upper screening box 14, and the screening time is set to 15 minutes to ensure thorough screening;

[0081] After Step 2, add coral sand to the upper screening box 14 again for screening, repeat Step 2 until the volume of the coral sand particles in each target particle size screening box 15 accounts for 1 / 3 - 1 / 2 of the volume of the target particle size screening box 15, and then execute Step 3 to make the volume of the coral sand particles in each sheet-shaped screening box 16 of the sheet-shaped particle sorting system 3 after transfer account for 1 / 3 - 1 / 2 of the volume of the corresponding sheet-shaped screening box 16, ensuring that the best sheet-shaped screening effect can be achieved when executing Step 4 and guaranteeing thorough screening;

[0082] After step 4, coral sand is re-added to the upper screening box 14 for screening. Steps 2 to 4 are repeated until the volume of the coral sand particles in each sheet-shaped screening box 16 accounts for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the volume of the sheet-shaped screening box 16, and then step 5 is executed, so that the volume of the coral sand particles in each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18 of the block-shaped and rod-shaped particle sorting system 4 after transfer accounts for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the volume of the corresponding block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box 18, ensuring that the best sheet-shaped screening effect can be achieved when step 6 is executed and ensuring thorough screening.

[0083] Through the cooperation of sieve holes of different sizes and shapes, the present invention realizes the efficient sorting of the particle size and shape of coral sand. The device and method of the present invention are not only applicable to the dual sorting of the particle size and shape of coral sand, but also can be used for particle size or shape sorting separately by adjusting the sieve mesh configuration; in addition, the present invention can also be extended to the shape sorting of other non-spherical particles such as mineral particles and ceramic particles by adjusting the size and shape of the sieve holes, providing an efficient and economical general sorting scheme for the field of materials science.

[0084] It should be noted that the embodiments described in the present invention are only examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make various modifications or supplements to the described embodiments or use similar ways to replace them, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dual sorting device for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles, comprising a screening machine (9), characterized in that, It also includes a particle size sorting system (2), a flaky particle sorting system (3), and a blocky and rod-shaped particle sorting system (4) that are connected in sequence from top to bottom. It also includes a sorting system fixing bracket (1). A top cover is provided on the particle size sorting system (2). The particle size sorting system (2), the flaky particle sorting system (3), and the blocky and rod-shaped particle sorting system (4) are arranged in the sorting system fixing bracket (1). The sorting system fixing bracket (1) is mounted on the vibration mechanism at the top of the screening machine (9). The particle size sorting system (2) includes an upper screening box (14) and n target particle size screening boxes (15) that are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The top of the upper screening box (14) is connected to the top cover. The flaky particle sorting system (3) includes n flaky screening boxes (16) that are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The blocky and rod-shaped particle sorting system (4) includes n blocky and rod-shaped screening boxes (18) and a collection box (19) that are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The bottom of the lowermost target particle size screening box (15) is connected to the top of the uppermost flaky screening box (16). The bottom of the lowermost flaky screening box (16) is connected to the top of the uppermost blocky and rod-shaped screening box (18). The bottom of the lowermost blocky and rod-shaped screening box (18) is connected to the top of the collection box (19).

2. The dual sorting device for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sieves at the bottoms of the upper screening box (14) and each target particle size screening box (15) are single-layer round-hole sieves. The pore diameters of the sieves of the upper screening box (14) and each target particle size screening box (15) decrease in a gradient from top to bottom. Each target particle size screening box (15) screens out sample particles within a set target particle size range. The pore diameter of the sieve of each target particle size screening box (15) is the lower limit value of the corresponding target particle size range. The pore diameter of the sieve of the upper screening box (14) is the maximum target particle size. The pore diameter of the sieve of the lowermost target particle size screening box (15) is the minimum target particle size.

3. The dual sorting device for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottoms of the flaky screening box (16) and the blocky and rod-shaped screening box (18) are both sieves. Diagonal guide plates (17) are provided in both the flaky screening box (16) and the blocky and rod-shaped screening box (18); The outer periphery of the diagonal guide plate (17) of each flaky screening box (16) is connected to the inner wall of the corresponding flaky screening box (16). The diagonal guide plate (17) of each flaky screening box (16) forms a set angle with the sieve of the corresponding flaky screening box (16). The diagonal guide plate (17) of each flaky screening box (16) divides the interior of the corresponding flaky screening box (16) into an upper collection area and a lower screening area; The outer periphery of the diagonal guide plate (17) of each blocky and rod-shaped screening box (18) is connected to the inner wall of the corresponding blocky and rod-shaped screening box (18). The diagonal guide plate (17) of each blocky and rod-shaped screening box (18) forms a set angle with the sieve of the corresponding blocky and rod-shaped screening box (18). The diagonal guide plate (17) of each blocky and rod-shaped screening box (18) divides the interior of the corresponding blocky and rod-shaped screening box (18) into an upper collection area and a lower screening area.

4. The dual sorting device for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles according to claim 3, wherein The sieve holes of the sieve mesh of the sheet-shaped screening box (16) are strip-shaped sieve holes. The length of the sieve holes of the sieve mesh of the sheet-shaped screening box (16) is twice the width of the sieve holes. When i = 1, the length of the sieve holes of the sieve mesh of the i-th sheet-shaped screening box (16) is the same as the aperture of the sieve holes of the sieve mesh of the upper screening box (14). When i = 2 to n, the length of the sieve holes of the sieve mesh of the i-th sheet-shaped screening box (16) is the same as the aperture of the sieve holes of the sieve mesh of the (i - 1)-th target particle size screening box (15). Here, i is the serial number, and i takes values from 1 to n.

5. The dual sorting device for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sieve mesh of the block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18) includes an upper sieve mesh and a lower sieve mesh. Both the upper sieve mesh and the lower sieve mesh are round-hole sieves. The aperture of the sieve holes of the lower sieve mesh is twice the aperture of the sieve holes of the upper sieve mesh. The aperture of the sieve holes of the lower sieve mesh is the same as the spacing between the sieve holes of the upper sieve mesh. The spacing between the sieve holes of the lower sieve mesh is the same as the aperture of the sieve holes of the upper sieve mesh. The sieve holes of the upper sieve mesh and the sieve holes of the lower sieve mesh are staggered in the vertical direction. When i = 1, the aperture of the sieve holes of the upper sieve mesh of the i-th block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18) is the same as the aperture of the sieve holes of the sieve mesh of the upper screening box (14). When i = 2 to n, the aperture of the sieve holes of the upper sieve mesh of the i-th block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18) is the same as the aperture of the sieve holes of the sieve mesh of the (i - 1)-th target particle size screening box (15).

6. The dual sorting device for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles according to claim 3, wherein, The tops of the upper screening box (14), each target particle size screening box (15), each sheet-shaped screening box (16), each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18), and the collection box (19) are all provided with the same connecting grooves (7) along the circumferential direction. The bottoms of the upper screening box (14), each target particle size screening box (15), each sheet-shaped screening box (16), each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18), and the collection box (19) are all provided with the same connecting protrusions (6) along the circumferential direction. The bottom of the top cover is also provided with the same connecting protrusions (6). The size and shape of the connecting protrusions (6) and the connecting grooves (7) are all adapted to each other. The side walls of the upper screening box (14), each target particle size screening box (15), and the collection box (19) are all provided with valves (5). The side walls of the screening areas and collection areas of each sheet-shaped screening box (16) and each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18) are all provided with valves (5).

7. The dual sorting device for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The sorting system fixing bracket (1) includes a base (20), a plurality of vertical screws (13), and a cross bar (12). A connecting groove (7) is also provided on the base (20). The screws (13) are evenly distributed on both sides of the sorting system. A plurality of connecting seats are provided on the base (20), and the screws (13) are inserted into the connecting seats. A connecting handle (11) is provided on the screw (13). The cross bar (12) is erected between two screws (13) with corresponding positions. The base (20) of the screen fixing bracket is erected and fixed on the vibration mechanism at the top of the screening machine (9). The connecting protrusion (6) at the bottom of the collection box (19) is adaptively connected to the connecting groove (7) of the base (20). The cross bar (12) presses on the top cover. Both ends of the cross bar (12) are respectively inserted into the connecting handles (11) on the screws (13) on both sides, and the fixing nut (10) is tightened on the connecting handle (11) from the top end of the screw (13), and the cross bar (12) tightly presses on the top cover.

8. A dual screening method for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles, using the dual sorting device for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles according to claim 7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the screening machine (9), the sorting system fixing bracket (1), the particle size sorting system (2), the flaky particle sorting system (3), and the block and rod particle sorting system (4); Step 2: Load the sample into the upper screening box (14), start the screening machine (9) to perform bidirectional vibration in the horizontal and vertical directions, set the vibration time, and perform screening and sorting of the sample particle size in the particle size sorting system (2). After the vibration ends, the sample particles with a particle diameter larger than the maximum target particle diameter remain in the upper screening box (14), and the sample particles with a particle diameter smaller than the minimum target particle diameter fall into the collection area of the uppermost flaky screening box (16). The sample particles in different target particle size ranges remain in the target particle size screening boxes (15) corresponding to the target particle size ranges; Step 3: Open the valves (5) in the screening areas of each target particle size screening box (15) and each flaky screening box (16), connect the valve (5) of the i-th target particle size screening box (15) to the valve (5) in the screening area of the i-th flaky screening box (16) through the diversion pipe (8), start the screening machine (9), transfer the sample particles in the i-th target particle size screening box (15) to the screening area of the i-th flaky screening box (16). After the transfer is completed, remove the diversion pipe (8), and close the valves (5) in the screening areas of each target particle size screening box (15) and each flaky screening box (16); Step 4: Start the screening machine (9) to perform bidirectional vibration in the horizontal and vertical directions, set the vibration time, and perform the first screening and sorting of the sample shape in the flaky particle sorting system (3). After the vibration ends, the flaky sample particles in each flaky screening box (16) except the lowermost flaky screening box (16) respectively fall into the collection area of the adjacent lower-layer flaky screening box (16), and the flaky sample particles in the lowermost flaky screening box (16) fall into the collection area of the adjacent block and rod screening box (18). The screening areas of each flaky screening box (16) are for the block and rod sample particles in the corresponding target particle size range; Step 5: Open the valves (5) of the screening areas of each sheet-shaped screening box (16) and each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18). Connect the valve (5) of the i-th sheet-shaped screening box (16) to the valve (5) of the screening area of the i-th block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18) through a diversion pipe (8). Start the screening machine (9) to transfer the sample particles in the i-th sheet-shaped screening box (16) to the screening area of the i-th block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18). After the transfer is completed, remove the diversion pipe (8) and close the valves (5) of the screening areas of each sheet-shaped screening box (16) and each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18). Step 6: Start the screening machine (9) to perform bidirectional vibration in the horizontal and vertical directions, set the vibration time, and perform the second screening and sorting of the sample shape in the block-shaped and rod-shaped particle sorting system (4). After the vibration ends, the block-shaped sample particles in each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18) except the lowermost block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18) fall into the collection areas of the adjacent lower-layer block-shaped and rod-shaped screening boxes (18) respectively, and the block-shaped sample particles in the lowermost block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18) fall into the collection box (19). The rod-shaped sample particles in the screening areas of each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18) are of the corresponding target particle size range.

9. The dual screening method for the particle size and shape of coral sand particles according to claim 8, characterized in that, Before screening in the particle size sorting system (2), the volume of the sample particles in the upper screening box (14) accounts for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the volume of the upper screening box (14). After Step 2, re-add the sample to the upper screening box (14) for screening, repeat Step 2 until the volume of the sample particles in each target particle size screening box (15) accounts for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the volume of the target particle size screening box (15), and then perform Step 3 to make the volume of the sample particles in each sheet-shaped screening box (16) of the transferred sheet-shaped particle sorting system (3) account for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the volume of the corresponding sheet-shaped screening box (16). After Step 4, re-add the sample to the upper screening box (14) for screening, repeat Steps 2 to 4 until the volume of the sample particles in each sheet-shaped screening box (16) accounts for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the volume of the sheet-shaped screening box (16), and then perform Step 5 to make the volume of the sample particles in each block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18) of the transferred block-shaped and rod-shaped particle sorting system (4) account for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the volume of the corresponding block-shaped and rod-shaped screening box (18).

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