Cable crane construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a cable crane construction method, which belongs to the field of lifting devices, and comprises the following steps: step S100, erecting a road protective shed: mounting support columns on the ground, mounting cross beams and longitudinal beams of a shed frame on the support columns, and laying a top plate of the shed frame on the tops of the mounted cross beams and longitudinal beams; s200, anchorage construction is conducted, specifically, rock anchor holes are drilled, rock anchor cables are arranged in the rock anchor holes, then grouting is conducted, anchor piers and anchor beams are poured with concrete, and the rock anchor cables are locked; s300, tower construction is conducted, specifically, a tower foundation is manufactured, a tower body of the tower is assembled on the tower foundation from bottom to top, and a tower top bearing beam is installed on the top of the tower body; step S400, mounting a rope system: erecting a reciprocating traction structure, and sequentially mounting a cable wind cable, a working cable system and a main cable system structure by using the reciprocating traction structure; and step S500, checking and accepting the cable crane. The problem that the requirement for site conditions is high is solved. The device has the technical effects that the device adapts to various different terrains, and the requirements on sites are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lifting devices, and particularly to a method for constructing a cable crane mechanism. Background Art

[0002] A cable crane, also known as a traveling pulley, is a crane in which a lifting trolley with a load-taking device runs along an overhead load-bearing cable. The existing installation methods of cable cranes have disadvantages such as high requirements for site conditions, great influence by environmental factors, and high safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a method for constructing a cable crane mechanism to solve the defects of the existing method for constructing a cable crane mechanism, such as high requirements for site conditions, great influence by environmental factors, and high safety risks, and enables the construction of the fabricated crane to adapt to various different terrains, reducing the requirements for site conditions.

[0004] The present invention provides a method for constructing a cable crane mechanism, including the following steps: Step S100, erecting a highway protection shed: Install the columns on the ground, install the cross beams and longitudinal beams of the shed frame on the columns, and lay the roof plate of the shed frame on the top of the installed cross beams and longitudinal beams to complete the erection of the highway protection shed; Step S200, anchor construction: Drill rock anchor holes, arrange rock anchor cables in the rock anchor holes and then grout, pour concrete for the anchor piers and anchor beams, and lock the rock anchor cables to complete the anchor construction; Step S300, tower crane construction: Make the tower crane foundation, assemble the tower crane body from bottom to top on the tower crane foundation, and install the top load-bearing beam on the top of the tower body to complete the tower crane construction; Step S400, installation of the rope system: Erect a reciprocating traction structure, and use the reciprocating traction structure to install the guy cables, working cable system, and main cable system structure in sequence to complete the installation of the rope system; Step S500: Acceptance of the cable crane.

[0005] According to the method for constructing a cable crane mechanism of the present invention, through the erection of the highway protection shed, it is realized that the staff can rest in the highway protection shed and can enter the highway protection shed for risk avoidance in case of danger during the installation process, ensuring safety. By constructing the anchor in cooperation with the connection of the rope system and the tower, the fabricated crane can adapt to various different terrains, reducing the requirements for site conditions. Due to the construction of the anchor in cooperation with the fixing effect of the rope system, the cable crane can adapt to relatively harsh environments during construction and installation.

[0006] In addition, according to the method for constructing a cable crane mechanism of the present invention, the following additional technical features may also be provided: In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S200, the method of drilling a rock anchor hole and grouting after arranging a rock anchor cable in the rock anchor hole includes the following steps: Step 210: Remove vegetation, excavate the topsoil covering layer and the strongly weathered layer until the rock surface is exposed; Step 220: Use a down-the-hole drill to drill to the designed depth of the rock anchor cable hole according to the designed position and angle; Step 230: Fabricate a rock anchor cable and install the rock anchor cable in the rock anchor hole and then pour cement mortar.

[0007] By adopting the above embodiments, a reliable and firm installation of the rock anchor cable is achieved.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method of installing the tower body of the tower on the tower foundation in step S300 includes the following steps: Step S310: Install a ladder cage on the side of the tower foundation; Step S320: Install a strengthening section on the top of the tower foundation; Step S330: Install and fabricate an operation platform for tower assembly; Step S340: Install the starting section of the tower body, tower sections and steel anchor boxes in sequence from bottom to top.

[0009] By adopting the above embodiments, a rapid and firm installation and fabrication of the tower are achieved In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S400, the reciprocating traction structure includes a pilot cable, a traction cable and a traction winch, and the erection method of the reciprocating traction structure includes the following steps: Step S401: Install the traction winch, send out the starting head of the pilot cable from the winch, and release the pilot cable to the front of the tower by means of manual cable laying, and use a tower crane or a crane to complete the crossing of the pilot cable over the top of the tower; Step S402: Connect the starting heads of both ends of the pilot cable to each other by means of manual dragging; Step S403: Replace the pilot cable with a traction cable in the way of replacing a small rope with a large rope; Step S404: Use the traction winch to adjust the sag of the traction cable to form a reciprocating traction mechanism.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S400, the guy cables include a back wind-resistant cable and a front wind-resistant cable, and the installation method of the guy cables includes the following steps: Step S405: Send out the back wind-resistant cable from the anchoring end of the rock anchor cable and anchor the other end of the back wind-resistant cable at the top of the tower; Step S406: Use a tower crane to anchor one end of the front wind-resistant cable at the top of one of the towers, and then use the reciprocating traction mechanism to pull it to the top of the other tower and anchor it to form the front wind-resistant cable; Step S407: Tension the back wind cable and the front wind cable, and the guy cable is completed.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S400, the installation method of the working cable system includes the following steps: Step S408: Use a reciprocating traction structure to pull one end of the pulling working cable over the top of one of the tower cranes with the cooperation of the tower crane and then fix it to one of the anchor piers. Step S409: Use a reciprocating traction structure to pull the other end of the pulling working cable over the top of the other tower crane with the cooperation of the tower crane and then fix it to the other anchor pier. Step 410: Use a crane to install the hoisting carriage on the working cable, hoist the sling and the hanging basket with the hoisting cable wound around them to the side of the hoisting carriage with the tower crane and wind the hoisting cable around the hoisting carriage to complete the installation of the hoisting cable. Step 411: Use a crane to lift the free end of the traction cable sent by the traction winch to the hoisting carriage, bypass the hoisting carriage and fix it to one of the anchor piers, and then fix the traction cable to the other anchor pier in the same way to complete the installation of the working cable system.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S400, the installation method of the main cable system includes the following steps: Step S412: Use a reciprocating traction structure to pull one end of the pulling main cable over the top of one of the tower cranes with the cooperation of the tower crane and then fix it to one of the anchor piers. Step S413: Use a reciprocating traction structure to pull the other end of the pulling main cable over the top of the other tower crane with the cooperation of the tower crane and then fix it to the other anchor pier. Step S414: Install the main hoisting carriage on the main cable to complete the installation of the main cable system.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S414, the installation method of installing the main hoisting carriage on the main cable is to use a transport vehicle to transport the main hoisting carriage to a position convenient for the tower crane to lift, lift the main hoisting carriage to the top of the tower crane by the tower crane, remove the pulley and pin shaft of the main hoisting carriage, move the pulley and pin shaft of the main hoisting carriage to the outside of the main cable saddle, vertically fix the main hoisting carriage to the main cable, and install the pulley and pin shaft of the main hoisting carriage one by one.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S200, a down-the-hole impact drill is used to drill the rock anchor hole. After the drilling reaches the designed depth, the drill is stabilized for 1 to 2 minutes and then the drill is stopped.

[0015] By adopting the above embodiments, the bottom extinction of the rock anchor hole and the failure to reach the designed hole diameter are avoided.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S100, the method for installing the pillar on the ground is as follows: After the actual lofting of the pillar foundation position, concrete is poured at the pillar foundation position, and the pillar is inserted onto the concrete to complete the installation of the pillar.

[0017] By adopting the above embodiments, the firmness of the pillar installation is ensured.

[0018] In summary, the present application includes the following beneficial technical effects: By building the highway protection shed, it is realized that the staff can rest inside the highway protection shed and can enter the highway protection shed to avoid danger in case of danger during the installation process, ensuring safety. By constructing the anchor block and connecting it with the rope system and the tower, the fabricated crane can adapt to various different terrains, reducing the requirements for site conditions. Due to the fixing effect of the construction of the anchor block and the rope system, the cable crane can adapt to relatively harsh environments during construction and installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] By reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered as a limitation of the present invention. Moreover, throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings: Figure 1 Schematically shows the structural diagram of the cable crane of the cable crane construction method according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 Schematically shows the first partial structural diagram of the cable crane of the cable crane construction method according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematically shows the second partial structural diagram of the cable crane of the cable crane construction method according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 Schematically shows the construction flow chart of the cable crane construction method according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] REFERENCE NUMERALS: 1. Bridge, 2. Guy wire, 3. Main cable system, 4. Working cable system, 6. Tower, 7. Anchor block, 8. Protection shed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present disclosure can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms "comprising", "including", "containing", and "having" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the particular order described or illustrated, unless the order of performance is explicitly stated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0026] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second", and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply an order or sequence. Thus, the first element, component, region, layer, or section discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.

[0027] For ease of description, spatial relative relationship terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figure with respect to another element or feature. These relative relationship terms are, for example, "inner", "outer", "inner side", "outer side", "below", "beneath", "above", "overhead", etc. Such spatial relative relationship terms are intended to include different orientations of the device during use or operation other than the orientations depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, then an element described as "below other elements or features" or "beneath other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented as "above other elements or features" or "overhead other elements or features". Therefore, the exemplary term "below" may include orientations of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented by rotating 90 degrees or in other directions and the spatial relative relationship descriptors used in the text are interpreted accordingly.

[0028] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the cable crane for bridge construction according to the present invention includes structures such as guy cables 2, main cable system 3, hauling cable system 4, two tower frames 6, two anchor piers 7, and protective shed 8, etc. In order to ensure the safe and smooth construction of the cable crane, the following construction methods are provided.

[0029] As Figure 4 shown, according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a method for constructing a cable crane is provided, including the following steps: Step S100, erect the highway protective shed 8: Install the columns on the ground, install the cross beams and longitudinal beams of the shed frame on the columns, and lay the roof slab of the shed frame on the top of the installed cross beams and longitudinal beams, and the highway protective shed 8 is erected; Step S200, construction of the anchor pier 7: Drill the rock anchor holes and grout after arranging the rock anchor cables in the rock anchor holes, pour concrete for the anchor pier and anchor beam, and lock the rock anchor cables, and the construction of the anchor pier 7 is completed; Step S300, construction of the tower frame 6: Fabricate the tower frame foundation, assemble the tower frame body from bottom to top on the tower frame foundation, and install the top bearing beam on the top of the tower body, and the construction of the tower frame 6 is completed; Step S400, installation of the rope system: Erection of the reciprocating hauling structure, and use the reciprocating hauling structure to install the guy cables 2, working cable system 4, and main cable system 3 structures in sequence, and the installation of the rope system is completed; Step S500: Acceptance of the cable crane.

[0030] In the above embodiments, it should be noted that: In step S200, the rock anchor holes are drilled using a down-the-hole impact drill, and after the drilling reaches the designed depth, the drill is stabilized for 1 to 2 minutes and then the drilling is stopped. In step S100, the method for installing the columns on the ground is: After the actual layout of the column foundation position, pour concrete at the column foundation position, and insert the column on the concrete to complete the installation of the column.

[0031] The technical effects achieved by the above embodiments are as follows: By building the highway protection shed 8, it is realized that the staff can rest inside the highway protection shed 8 and can enter the highway protection shed 8 for risk avoidance in case of danger during the installation process, ensuring safety. By constructing the anchor block 7 and connecting it with the rope system to the tower 6, the fabricated crane can adapt to various terrains, reducing the requirements for site conditions. Due to the fixing effect of the construction of the anchor block 7 in cooperation with the rope system, the cable crane can adapt to relatively harsh environments during construction and installation.

[0032] Optionally, as Figure 4 shown, in step S200, the method of drilling the rock anchor hole, arranging the rock anchor cable in the rock anchor hole and then grouting includes the following steps: Step 210: Remove the vegetation, excavate the topsoil covering layer and the strongly weathered layer until the rock surface is exposed; Step 220: Use a down-the-hole drill to drill to the designed depth of the rock anchor cable hole according to the designed position and angle; Step 230: Fabricate the rock anchor cable, install the rock anchor cable in the rock anchor hole, and then pour cement mortar.

[0033] In the above optional embodiment, it should be noted that the specific construction method of the anchor block 7 includes the following steps: First, before excavating the anchor block 7, first remove the vegetation within the range of the anchor block 7, and then excavate the topsoil covering layer and the strongly weathered layer until the fresh rock surface is exposed. If the geological conditions are good, in order to reduce the excavation quantity, the back wall behind the upper edge of the anchor block 7 and the front edge of the bottom of the anchor block 7 can be excavated into a stepped shape, and then backfilled with C40 concrete. When necessary, small blasting can be used, and attention should be paid not to damage the integrity of the rock layer. After excavation is completed according to the designed dimensions, remove the loose and broken rock mass, review the excavation dimensions, and prepare for the concrete pouring of the anchor block 7 and the construction of the rock anchor cable after meeting the design requirements. Attention should be paid to the stability of the excavation slope during the excavation of the anchor block 7, and slope protection treatment should be carried out when necessary. The width of the construction platform at the front edge of the anchor block 7 should not be less than 2m, and the edge safety protection should be done well.

[0034] Second, before constructing the anchor block 7, first excavate the topsoil to expose the fresh rock surface and meet the design dimension requirements, then use a down-the-hole drill to drill to the designed depth of the rock anchor cable hole according to the designed position and angle while ensuring that the depth of penetration into the moderately weathered rock layer is not less than the design requirements, then fabricate and install the rock anchor cable, pour M30 slightly expanding cement mortar. After the solid after anchoring reaches the design strength, wash the rock surface clean, tie the steel bars, accurately position the rock anchor cable sleeve and fix it firmly to ensure its position during the concrete pouring process for the convenience of the installation of the exchange beam in the future; then pour C40 anchor block 7 concrete closely against the rock surface; after the concrete reaches the design strength, tension the rock anchor cable; after the rock anchor tensioning and locking are completed, install the suspension hoisting system and tension the fastening cable.

[0035] Thirdly, conduct on-site rock anchor cable construction. According to the elevation view of the slope at the work site, accurately measure and place the anchor hole positions on the slope surface as required by the design. The error of the hole position shall not exceed ±50 mm.

[0036] For the construction of anchor hole drilling, set up a steel pipe and coupler type scaffold that meets the corresponding bearing capacity and stability conditions. The vertical poles and longitudinal horizontal bars of the scaffold are all provided with anchor rods to be firmly connected to the slope surface. According to the hole positions measured and placed on the slope surface, accurately install and fix the drilling rig, and strictly and carefully adjust the machine position to ensure that the longitudinal and transverse errors of the anchor hole drilling in place do not exceed ±50 mm, the elevation error does not exceed ±50 mm, the drilling inclination angle is 23°, and the direction conforms to the design requirements. The allowable error of the inclination angle is ±2.0°.

[0037] Dry drilling is required for the drilling, and wet drilling is prohibited to ensure that the construction of the rock anchor cable does not deteriorate the engineering geological conditions of the slope rock mass and to ensure the bonding performance of the hole wall. The drilling speed is strictly controlled according to the performance of the used drilling rig and the anchoring formation to prevent the drilling from being distorted and the diameter from changing, resulting in difficulties in inserting the anchor or other accidents.

[0038] Drilling is a key process that controls the construction period in the construction of rock anchor cables. To ensure the drilling efficiency and the drilling quality, a down-the-hole impact drill is used. When the drill rig is drilling, place the drill pipes required for the drilling neatly according to the designed length of the rock anchor cable. When the drill pipes are used up, the hole depth is just in place. The drilling depth should exceed the designed length of the rock anchor cable by about 0.5 m. At the same time, as required by the design, to ensure the construction safety, the anchoring section must pass through the broken zone with developed holes and fissures and enter the intact rock formation.

[0039] During the drilling process, make on-site construction records of the formation changes, drilling status (drilling pressure, drilling speed), groundwater, and some special situations of each hole, and report to the engineer in a timely manner. In case of poor drilling phenomena such as hole collapse and hole shrinkage, stop drilling immediately, and promptly carry out wall grouting treatment (grouting pressure 0.6 - 2 MPa). After the cement mortar starts to set, re-drill the hole; if necessary, adopt the follow-the-pipe drilling technology.

[0040] The requirements for the drilling hole diameter and depth shall not be less than the designed values. To ensure the anchor hole diameter, it is required that the actual diameter of the used drill bit is not less than the designed hole diameter. To ensure the anchor hole depth, it is required that the actual drilling depth is greater than the designed depth by 0.5 m, and at the same time, the anchoring section needs to enter the intact rock formation completely.

[0041] After the drilling reaches the designed depth, the drilling cannot be stopped immediately. It is required to keep the drill stable for 1 - 2 minutes to prevent the tip of the hole bottom from disappearing and failing to reach the designed hole diameter. There should be no sediment and water sticking on the hole wall of the drill hole, and it must be cleaned thoroughly. After the drilling is completed, the drill pipes and drilling tools are pulled out one by one, and the impactor is cleaned and reserved for later use. After the drilling is completed, high-pressure air with a wind pressure of 0.2 - 0.4 MPa is used to completely remove the rock powder and water in the hole outside the hole to avoid reducing the bonding strength between the cement mortar and the rock and soil mass on the hole wall. Except for the anchorage of relatively hard and intact rock masses, high-pressure water flushing shall not be adopted. If there is flowing confined water in the anchor hole, the anchor bars can be installed and grouted after the water pressure and water volume become smaller. When necessary, drainage holes are set at appropriate positions around. If the design requires dealing with the accumulated water in the anchor hole, generally methods such as grouting and plugging and secondary drilling are used for treatment. After the drilling is completed, the next procedures such as cable installation and grouting can only be carried out after being accepted by the engineer. Before installing the rock anchor cable, the hole opening of the drill hole shall be blocked and protected.

[0042] After the drilling of the anchor hole is completed, the next procedure can only be carried out after being inspected and qualified by the on-site supervisor. For the inspection of the hole diameter and hole depth, generally, the designed hole diameter, drill bit and standard drill pipe are used to inspect the hole under the condition of on-site supervisor's presence. It is required that the drill bit advances smoothly during the hole inspection process without impact or jitter, the length of the drill tool inspection and delivery meets the designed anchor hole depth, the drill withdrawal is smooth, and there is no obvious splashing of dust and water when blown by high-pressure air. At the same time, it is required to recheck the hole position, inclination and azimuth of the anchor hole. After all the sub-items of the anchor hole construction work are qualified, it can be considered that the inspection of the anchor hole drilling is qualified.

[0043] Then, the rock anchor cable body is installed and fabricated. The steel strands of the rock anchor cable adopt high-strength low-relaxation prestressed steel strands with a diameter of φj15.24mm and a strength grade of 1860 Mpa. Before installation, it is necessary to ensure that each steel strand is straight, not twisted or crossed, arranged evenly, rust and oil removed, and the parts with dead bends, mechanical damages and rust pits are picked out. The rock anchor cable is fabricated on-site while drilling. The anchorage section adopts a corrugated shape, and the free section adopts a straight shape. The cutting length of the steel strand is the sum of the designed length of the rock anchor cable, the height of the anchor pier and anchor beam, the length of the jack, the thickness of the tool anchor and working anchor, and the tensioning operation allowance. The length error is controlled within 50mm to ensure the anchorage length. The cut steel strands are placed smoothly on the operation bench, the anchorage section and the designed length of the rock anchor cable are measured, and marks are made respectively; within the range of the anchorage section, centering isolation brackets are inserted at intervals of 100cm, and a fastening ring is tied between two centering brackets; a fastening ring is also tied every meter of the free section, and a plastic pipe is put on and butter is applied inside; finally, a guide cap is put on the end of the rock anchor cable.

[0044] Before installing the rock anchor cable into the hole, it is necessary to check whether the number of the rock anchor cable is consistent with the hole number. After confirmation, clean the hole once with high-pressure air, and then start to install the rock anchor cable. When installing the horizontal rock anchor cable, the following four points should be noted: check the positions of the positioning grout stop ring and the grout limit ring, and replace the damaged ones according to the technical requirements; check the position and smoothness of the exhaust pipe; when the rock anchor cable is inserted into the hole and the positioning grout stop ring reaches the hole opening, stop pushing, and install the grouting pipe and the one-way valve; after the rock anchor cable is in place, check again whether the exhaust pipe is smooth. If it is not smooth, pull out the rock anchor cable, troubleshoot and then re-insert the cable.

[0045] Then, carry out anchoring grouting. The bolt adopts one-time grouting, that is, the bottom-up grouting method: the outlet of the grouting pipe should be inserted 300 - 500 mm away from the bottom of the hole, and the slurry should be continuously poured from bottom to top, and ensure smooth drainage and exhaust from the hole. The grouting pipe uses a Φ25mm plastic hose with a pressure resistance of not less than 4 Mpa, the grouting pressure is not less than 0.6 Mpa, the strength of the grouting material or cement mortar is not less than the design strength, and the anchor hole grouting must be full and uniform. The grouting of a single anchor hole should be continuously completed within 1 h as much as possible. During the grouting process, the grouting pipe is slowly withdrawn from the bottom of the hole, and the grouting can be stopped only when the slurry overflows from the hole opening for more than 10 seconds. To increase the workability of the grout and the early strength of the cement mortar, an appropriate amount of water reducing agent and early strength agent are added to the grout; to prevent the loss of the anchoring force between the anchor body and the hole wall when the cement mortar solidifies and shrinks, an appropriate amount of expansion agent is added. To ensure the close combination of the bolt and the surrounding rock mass, a grout stop plug is set at the hole opening and tightened. The cement slurry and cement mortar should be stirred evenly, used immediately after mixing, and the cement slurry and cement mortar mixed at one time should be used up before initial setting.

[0046] Fourth, pour the concrete of the anchor block 7. The anchor block 7 is a C40 reinforced concrete structure. The concrete can be pumped to the construction operation surface by a pump truck or hoisted to the construction operation surface by a temporary working cable, but it must be ensured that the upper layer of concrete covers the lower layer before the lower layer of concrete starts to set. The formwork of the anchor block 7 can use standard steel formwork, or wooden formwork and bamboo plywood panels, and the outside is supported and fixed by a scaffold. Before pouring the concrete, attention should be paid to the embedding of the seamless steel pipe rock anchor cable conduit with a diameter of φ130×4mm. The embedding position of the conduit should be accurate and fixed firmly with steel bars or small steel, to prevent displacement during concrete pouring. If the conduit interferes with the steel bars, the position of the steel bars can be adjusted appropriately. Before pouring the concrete, attention should also be paid to the embedding and fixation of the anchor ring. The embedding position and quantity of the anchor ring can be adjusted according to the construction layout on site.

[0047] After checking that the template size and strength meet the design requirements and that the steel bars and embedded parts meet the requirements, start the concrete pouring. Before pouring, wash the rock surface clean. The concrete is poured in layers and vibrated layer by layer, with each layer having a thickness of 30 cm. When pouring the concrete, pay attention to observing the deformation of the formwork and also observe the embedded parts to prevent displacement. The concrete of the main cable anchor block 7, the anchor pier and the anchor beam must be continuously poured at one time. For mass concrete, the construction raw materials and mix ratio should be reasonably designed to reduce the hydration heat and prevent the concrete of the anchor pier and the anchor beam from cracking. When necessary, take temperature control measures. After the concrete pouring is completed, pay attention to the curing time of not less than 7 days.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the above optional embodiments are as follows: The reliable and firm installation of the rock anchor cable is realized.

[0049] Optionally, as Figure 4 shown, the method for installing the tower body of the tower in step S300 on the tower foundation includes the following steps: Step S310: Install a ladder cage on the side of the tower foundation; Step S320: Install a strengthening section on the top of the tower foundation; Step S330: Install and fabricate the assembly operation platform of the tower 6; Step S340: Install the starting section of the tower body, the tower body sections and the steel anchor box in sequence from bottom to top.

[0050] In the above optional embodiments, it should be noted that the specific construction process of the tower 6 includes the following steps: First, the construction of the tower foundation. The tower foundation adopts the artificial dug hole method to form a pile foundation by pouring concrete according to the cast-in-place pile construction technology. During construction, pay attention to embedding the bearing plate and anchor bolts, and require the embedding accuracy to reach ±1 mm.

[0051] Second, the installation of the tower body structure. First, set 1 ladder cage on the right side of the tower on both banks as the access for construction and inspection personnel to go up and down; then install the embedded parts of the steel pipe tower when constructing the top of the pile foundation. The embedded parts include a bearing plate and anchor bolts. The bearing plate is a 2 cm thick steel plate with φ27 mm bolt holes, which match the bolt holes of the flange of the stronger section of the tower foot. The bolts are made of C25 mm steel bars, and the nuts are made of corresponding type steel bar straight thread sleeves, and their embedded depth is 1 m. When the pile foundation concrete is poured to 2 m from the pile top, fix the fabricated embedded parts to the hole opening through steel sections and adjust the flatness of the steel plate.

[0052] After the pile foundation concrete is poured, clean the embedded part steel plate, then re-measure the elevation and flatness. After passing the inspection, install the strengthening section of the tower foot of the tower.

[0053] Then, fabricate a tower assembly frame as the operating platform during tower assembly. The assembly frame is fabricated from small steel pipes with diameters of φ75mm and φ50mm.

[0054] Then, use a tower crane to lift the assembly frame into the tower. Operating platforms are provided at the hoop connection layers of the construction platform. Construction workers enter the operating platform by taking the tower crane cage and install the connecting braces for each layer. Lift the tower working platform with the tower crane and fix it firmly on the top surface of the tower connecting braces. Then, install the horizontal scissors braces for the first section. Finally, install the tower brackets for the second section, and install the tower brackets for the nth section according to the above process.

[0055] Here, it should be noted that during the butt joint of the tower bolts, a crowbar and steel gaskets are needed to level the tower steel pipes. First, tighten two bolts in each of the four directions, and then tighten the remaining bolts.

[0056] Third, arrange the working saddle and the main cable saddle on top of Tower 1. The working saddle and the main cable saddle are processed in the steel structure assembly yard according to the design drawings and then transported to the construction site. Use a tower crane in cooperation with manual labor for vertical and horizontal transportation and installation in place. After installation in the accurate position, bolt and fix them, and Tower 6 is fabricated.

[0057] The beneficial effects of the above optional embodiments are as follows: The rapid and firm installation and fabrication of Tower 6 are achieved.

[0058] Optionally, as Figure 4 shown, in step S400, the reciprocating traction structure includes a pilot cable, a traction cable, and a traction winch. The erection method of the reciprocating traction structure includes the following steps: Step S401: Install the traction winch, send out the starting head of the pilot cable from the winch, and release the pilot cable to the front of the tower by manual cable laying. Use a tower crane or a crane to complete the crossing of the pilot cable over the top of Tower 6. Step S402: Connect the starting heads of both ends of the pilot cable to each other by manual dragging. Step S403: Replace the pilot cable with the traction cable by the method of replacing a small rope with a large rope. Step S404: Use the traction winch to adjust the sag of the traction cable to form a reciprocating traction mechanism.

[0059] In the above optional embodiments, it should be noted that the specific construction method of the reciprocating traction structure is as follows: First, the starting head of the pilot cable is sent out from the traction winch and released to the front of the tower by manual cable laying. Use a tower crane or a crane to complete the crossing of the pilot cable over the top of the tower.

[0060] Second, connect the starting heads of the pilot cables on both banks by manual dragging.

[0061] Thirdly, replace the pilot cable with a φ28mm steel wire rope in the way of "replacing a small rope with a large rope", and adjust the sag of the φ28mm steel wire rope to be > 100m through a winch to form a reciprocating traction.

[0062] Optionally, as Figure 4 shown, in step S400, the guy cable 2 includes a back wind-resistant cable and a front wind-resistant cable, and the installation method of the guy cable 2 includes the following steps: Step S405: Send out the back wind-resistant cable from the anchoring end of the rock anchor cable, and anchor the other end of the back wind-resistant cable at the top of the tower crane 6; Step S406: Use a tower crane to anchor one end of the front wind-resistant cable at the top of one of the tower cranes 6, and then use a reciprocating traction mechanism to pull it to the top of the other tower crane 6 and anchor it to form a front wind-resistant cable; Step S407: Tension the back wind-resistant cable and the front wind-resistant cable, and the guy cable 2 is manufactured.

[0063] In the above optional embodiment, it should be noted that the specific installation method of the guy cable 2 includes the following methods: First, use reciprocating traction to install the longitudinal wind-resistant cable. First, send out the back cables from the anchoring ends of the rock anchor cables on both banks (3 steel strands in each group), install the wedge grips, and temporarily anchor them at the top of the tower; use a tower crane to anchor one end of the front anti-steel strand at the top of the tower, and then pull it to the top of the tower on the other bank in groups (3 steel strands in each group) through reciprocating traction and install the wedge grips for anchoring. For each set of back winds installed, a corresponding set of front winds is installed, and so on to complete all longitudinal wind-resistant installations.

[0064] Second, the initial tensioning of the wind-resistant cable is carried out one by one, and the tensioning ends of the back wind-resistant cable and the front wind-resistant cable are located at the top of the towers on both banks. Since the front cables are fewer than the back cables, during the entire installation and tensioning process, attention should be paid to the balance of the tension forces in front of and behind the tower crane, and the deviation of the top of the tower should be controlled within 1 cm.

[0065] The initial tension of a single steel strand of the back wind-resistant cable is controlled at 7t, and the control tension of a single steel strand on the front wind-resistant side is 10.7t.

[0066] Third, in the second stage of the wind-resistant cable, the whole bundle is tensioned in 2 - 3 levels to the design force value. After each level is tensioned to the predetermined force value, it is held for 5 minutes before the next level of tensioning. At the same time, the offset of the top of the tower is measured, and the offset data of the top of the tower is collected and used as a reference for the next level of tension force value. After the second stage of tensioning of the wind-resistant cable is completed, the pre-offset of the top of the tower towards the shore side is controlled at 25 mm. After the tensioning of the wind-resistant cable is completed and inspected to meet the requirements, the temporary wind-resistant cable is removed.

[0067] The beneficial effects of the above optional embodiment are: Through the above construction method, the rapid installation of the guy cable 2 can be realized, and the stability of the crane can be ensured.

[0068] Optionally, as Figure 4As shown, in step S400, the installation method of the working cable system 4 includes the following steps: Step S408: Using a reciprocating traction structure, one end of the pulling working rope is passed over the top of one of the towers 6 with the cooperation of the tower crane and then fixed on one of the anchors 7; Step S409: Use the reciprocating traction structure to pull the other end of the working rope in cooperation with the tower crane over the top of another tower 6 and then fix it on another anchor 7; Step 410: Use a crane to install the lifting carriage on the working cable, and use a tower crane to transport the sling and the hanging basket with the lifting cable wound around them to the side of the lifting carriage, and wind the lifting cable around the lifting carriage to complete the installation of the lifting cable; Step 411, use a crane to lift the traction rope from the traction winch to the crane carriage, wrap it around the crane carriage and fix it on one of the anchors 7, then use the same method to fix the traction rope to the other anchor 7, and the installation of the working rope system 4 is completed.

[0069] In the above optional embodiments, it should be noted that the specific installation method of the working cable system 4 includes the following methods: First, the working hoisting winch and the working index winch are placed on one side of the bank, the foundation is leveled and rolled, the winch foundation is poured, and the winch platform surface is hardened. Four 8t winches are set on the winch platform surface, of which two are used as hoisting winches and two are used as traction winches. Two 5t winches are arranged on the winch platform surface on both sides as construction aids.

[0070] Second, 6 rope clips are set to connect and fix the starting head of the working rope to the reciprocating traction structure, and the rope is pulled to the top of one of the towers 6 through the reciprocating traction structure, and then climbs over the other tower 6 with the cooperation of the tower crane.

[0071] The working rope is crossed under the pulling of the reciprocating traction structure.

[0072] Third, before the working rope reaches one of the towers 6, the crane cooperates with the tower 6 to continue to pull the working rope to the corresponding anchor 7, pass the starting head of the working rope around the anchor beam, install 15 rope clips, and release the traction.

[0073] Fourth, a 50-ton pulley group is set on one side of the shore, and an 8t winch is used as the power. The pulley group is used to tighten the working rope to complete the vertical adjustment of the working rope. With the cooperation of the crane, 15 φ rope clips are installed to fix the working rope.

[0074] Fifth, use a crane to lift the hoisting carriage under the working cable and temporarily fix it on the working cable. At the same time, pull it laterally towards the top of the tower to prevent the hoisting carriage from sliding along the working cable towards the mid-span. Then, place the pulley of the hoisting carriage on the working cable and fix it to the ear plate of the hoisting carriage with a pulley pin shaft to complete the installation of the hoisting carriage. Next, use a tower crane to lift the sling and the hanging basket with the hoisting cable already wound around them to the side of the hoisting carriage. Remove the fixed pulley under the hoisting carriage and wind in the hoisting cable to complete the installation of the hoisting cable.

[0075] The counterweight for the working lifting point is set at 2t, and iron parts are directly placed in the hanging basket or concrete is poured.

[0076] Sixth, use a crane to lift the free end of the traction cable sent from the working traction winch to the hoisting carriage and fix it to the shore side end of the hoisting carriage. Fix the free end of the working traction cable sent from the other shore to the shore side end of the hoisting carriage in the same way.

[0077] The beneficial effects of the above optional embodiments are as follows: The rapid and reliable installation of the working cable system 4 is achieved.

[0078] Optionally, as Figure 4 shown, in step S400, the installation method of the main cable system 3 includes the following steps: Step S412: Use a reciprocating traction structure to pull one end of the main cable over the top of one of the tower racks 6 with the cooperation of a tower crane and then fix it to one of the anchor piers 7. Step S413: Use a reciprocating traction structure to pull the other end of the main cable over the top of the other tower rack 6 with the cooperation of a tower crane and then fix it to the other anchor pier 7. Step S414: Install the main hoisting carriage on the main cable, and the installation of the main cable system 3 is completed.

[0079] In the above optional embodiment, it should be noted that in step S414, the installation method of installing the main hoisting carriage on the main cable is as follows: Use a transport vehicle to transport the main hoisting carriage to a position convenient for the tower crane to lift it. Use the tower crane to lift the main hoisting carriage to the top of the tower rack 6, take out the pulley and pin shaft of the main hoisting carriage, move the pulley and pin shaft of the main hoisting carriage to the outside of the main cable saddle, vertically fix the main hoisting carriage to the main cable, and install the pulley and pin shaft of the main hoisting carriage one by one.

[0080] The specific installation method of the main cable system 3 includes the following methods: First, the main winch group and the working cable winch are set at the front side of one side of the anchor pier 7 on the same side. Level and roll and harden the ground surface and pour the winch foundation.

[0081] Second, set 6 wire rope clips to connect and fix the starting end of the main cable to the reciprocating traction structure, and pull it to the top of one of the tower cranes 6 through the reciprocating traction structure. With the cooperation of the tower crane, cross over the other tower crane 6, and complete the crossing of the main cable under the pulling of the reciprocating traction structure.

[0082] Third, before the main cable reaches one of the tower cranes 6, cooperate with the tower crane for the tower crane 6. Continue to tow the main cable to the corresponding anchor 7, bypass the anchor beam with the starting end of the main cable, and install 15 wire rope clips to release the traction.

[0083] Fourth, set up a set of 50-ton pulley blocks on one side of the bank, use an 8t winch as the power, tighten the main cable through the pulley blocks to complete the adjustment of the main cable sag. With the cooperation of the tower crane, install 15 φ wire rope clips to fix the main cable.

[0084] Fifth, install the main hoisting carriage. During installation, use a transport vehicle to transport it to a position convenient for the tower crane to lift, and use the tower crane to hoist it to the top of the tower. Remove the pulley and pin shaft of the hoisting carriage, then move it to the outside of the main cable saddle, and fix it longitudinally on the top of the tower with a steel wire rope, fix it vertically on the main cable and reserve positions for installing pulleys on the main cable and inside the wall panel of the hoisting carriage. Finally, install the pulleys and pin shafts one by one.

[0085] Sixth, arrange the main hoisting cable. The main hoisting cable is arranged with 14 steel wire ropes. The winding can be carried out on the ground or in the air. After the lifting wire is threaded, pull the "live end" to the anchor of the fixed end for anchoring, and pull the lifting point down to the required position of the lower lifting point. At this point, the threading of this lifting point is completed, and all the lifting points are threaded in the same way.

[0086] Seventh, arrange the main traction cable. Set up a pulley block on the shore side of the two main hoisting carriages on the same group of main cables for winding the main traction cable, and connect the two hoisting carriages with a distance rope on the inner side between the two hoisting carriages to facilitate the coordinated retraction and release of the left and right banks.

[0087] After the rope end of the main traction cable is sent out from the main traction winch, use the tower crane to lift it to the top of the tower crane. After passing through the top of the tower, wind around the traction pulley block of the hoisting carriage and then return to the ground after passing through the top of the tower. Then use the temporary traction cable sent out by the auxiliary winch to tow it to the anchor, bypass the turning pulley at the anchor, and then use the temporary traction cable to tow it to the tower crane position. Then use the tower crane to lift it to the top of the tower, wind around the traction pulley at the hoisting carriage again, and return to the anchor and anchor it to the anchor in the same way to form a dead end of the traction cable, while the live end is always at the traction winch.

[0088] The beneficial effects of the above optional embodiments are: achieving the rapid and reliable installation of the main cable system 3.

[0089] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a cable hoisting mechanism, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step S100: Erect the highway protection shed (8): Install the pillars on the ground, install the cross beams and longitudinal beams of the shed frame on the pillars, and lay the top plate of the shed frame on the top of the installed cross beams and longitudinal beams. The highway protection shed (8) is erected; Step S200: Construction of the anchor block (7): Drill the rock anchor holes, arrange the rock anchor cables in the rock anchor holes and then grout, pour the anchor pier and anchor beam with concrete, and lock the rock anchor cables. The construction of the anchor block (7) is completed; Step S300: Construction of the tower (6): Make the tower foundation, assemble the tower body of the tower from bottom to top on the tower foundation, and install the top load-bearing beam on the top of the tower body of the tower. The construction of the tower (6) is completed; Step S400: Installation of the rope system: Erection of the reciprocating traction structure, and use the reciprocating traction structure to install the guy cables (2), the working cable system (4) and the main cable system (3) structures in sequence. The rope system is installed; Step S500: Acceptance of the cable crane.

2. The method for constructing a cable hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein In the said step S200, the method of drilling the rock anchor holes, arranging the rock anchor cables in the rock anchor holes and then grouting includes the following steps: Step 210: Remove the vegetation, excavate the surface soil covering layer and the strongly weathered layer until the rock surface is exposed; Step 220: Use the down-the-hole drill to drill to the designed depth of the rock anchor cable hole according to the designed position and angle; Step 230: Make the rock anchor cable and install the rock anchor cable in the rock anchor hole and then pour the cement mortar.

3. The method for constructing a cable hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein, The method of installing the tower body of the tower in the said step S300 on the tower foundation includes the following steps: Step S310: Install the ladder cage on the side of the tower foundation; Step S320: Install the strengthening section on the top of the tower foundation; Step S330: Install and make the assembly operation platform of the tower (6); Step S340: Install the starting section of the tower body, the tower body sections and the steel anchor box from bottom to top in sequence.

4. The method for constructing a cable hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the said step S400, the reciprocating traction structure includes a pilot cable, a traction cable and a traction winch. The erection method of the reciprocating traction structure includes the following steps: Step S401: Install the traction winch, send out the starting head of the pilot cable from the winch, and release the pilot cable to the front of the tower by manual cable laying, and use the tower crane or crane to complete the crossing of the pilot cable over the top of the tower (6); Step S402: Connect the starting heads of both ends of the pilot cable to each other by manual dragging; Step S403: Replace the pilot cable with the traction cable by the method of replacing a small rope with a large rope; Step S404: Use the traction winch to adjust the sag of the traction cable to form a reciprocating traction mechanism.

5. The method for constructing a cable hoisting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the said step S400, the guy cables (2) include a back wind-resistant cable and a front wind-resistant cable. The installation method of the guy cables (2) includes the following steps: Step S405: Send out the back wind-resistant cable from the anchoring end of the rock anchor cable, and anchor the other end of the back wind-resistant cable on the top of the tower (6); Step S406: Use the tower crane to anchor one end of the front wind-resistant cable on the top of one of the towers (6), and then use the reciprocating traction mechanism to drag it to the top of the other tower (6) and anchor it to form the front wind-resistant cable; Step S407: Tension the back wind-resistant cable and the front wind-resistant cable. The guy cables (2) are made.

6. The method for constructing a cable hoisting mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the step S400, the installation method of the working cable system (4) includes the following steps: Step S408: Use a reciprocating traction structure to pull one end of the working cable over the top of one of the tower frames (6) with the cooperation of a tower crane and then fix it on one of the anchor piers (7). Step S409: Use a reciprocating traction structure to pull the other end of the working cable over the top of the other tower frame (6) with the cooperation of a tower crane and then fix it on the other anchor pier (7). Step 410: Use a crane to install a hoisting carriage on the working cable, hoist the sling and the hanging basket with the hoisting cable wound thereon to the side of the hoisting carriage by the tower crane, and wind the hoisting cable around the hoisting carriage to complete the installation of the hoisting cable. Step 411: Use a crane to lift the free end of the traction cable sent by the traction winch to the hoisting carriage, bypass the hoisting carriage and fix it on one of the anchor piers (7), and then fix the traction cable to the other anchor pier (7) in the same way. The installation of the working cable system (4) is completed.

7. The method for constructing a cable hoisting mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the step S400, the installation method of the main cable system (3) includes the following steps: Step S412: Use a reciprocating traction structure to pull one end of the main cable over the top of one of the tower frames (6) with the cooperation of a tower crane and then fix it on one of the anchor piers (7). Step S413: Use a reciprocating traction structure to pull the other end of the main cable over the top of the other tower frame (6) with the cooperation of a tower crane and then fix it on the other anchor pier (7). Step S414: Install the main hoisting carriage on the main cable, and the installation of the main cable system (3) is completed.

8. The method for constructing a cable hoisting mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the step S414, the installation method of installing the main hoisting carriage on the main cable is as follows: Use a transport vehicle to transport the main hoisting carriage to a position convenient for the tower crane to lift it, lift the main hoisting carriage to the top of the tower frame (6) by the tower crane, take out the pulley and pin shaft of the main hoisting carriage, move the pulley and pin shaft of the main hoisting carriage to the outside of the main cable saddle, vertically fix the main hoisting carriage on the main cable, and install the pulley and pin shaft of the main hoisting carriage one by one.

9. The method for constructing a cable hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step S200, a down-the-hole impact drill is used to drill the rock anchor hole. After the drilling reaches the designed depth, the drill is stabilized for 1 to 2 minutes and then the drilling is stopped.

10. The method for constructing a cable hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step S100, the method of installing the support on the ground is as follows: After the actual lofting of the support foundation position, pour concrete at the support foundation position, insert the support into the concrete, and complete the installation of the support.

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