Environment-friendly cable

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly cable, and belongs to the technical field of cables. The environment-friendly cable comprises a cable core and a protective layer, and components forming a material of the protective layer are prepared by the following steps: weighing 33-42 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin, 16-22 parts by weight of an ethylene-octylene copolymer, 20-24 parts by weight of a flame retardant, 1-3 parts by weight of a lubricant, 3-5 parts by weight of an antioxidant, 0.5-2 parts by weight of epoxidized soybean oil and 3-5 parts by weight of modified boron nitride; the preparation method comprises the following steps: putting the component raw materials into a high-speed stirrer, mixing for 5-10 minutes to obtain a mixed material, then putting the mixed material into a double-screw extruder, extruding and granulating, and drying in a hot air dryer to obtain the protective layer material. The prepared protective layer material is environment-friendly and has the advantages of high temperature resistance, high softness, high flame retardance, low smoke during combustion and the like, and the preparation method is simple and convenient to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cables, and in particular relates to an environmentally friendly cable. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, people pay more and more attention to environmental protection. In order to improve the environmental performance of cables, some inorganic flame retardant materials are generally added to the polymer materials used to manufacture the cable insulation layer and sheath, such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and other flame retardants to improve the flame retardant properties of the materials. However, the addition of these fillers is limited. Adding these fillers will reduce the electrical and mechanical properties of the cable. If too much is added, the electrical and mechanical properties of the cable will not meet the use requirements. Although these inorganic fillers are added, the cable will still burn and release harmful substances under the condition of flame. Therefore, it should be avoided as much as possible to avoid the burning of the cable to produce pollutants. The cable sheath material and filling material can add more flame retardants, but for the outer insulation material of the cable, in order to ensure the electrical performance, only less flame retardants can be added. Even so, the wear resistance, anti-aging performance and antistatic performance of the outer insulation material of the cable still need to be improved, and the preparation process of the cable still needs to be improved. Therefore, developing a green, low-carbon, environmentally friendly power cable to improve the current shortage of green, low-carbon, environmentally friendly and recyclable power cables in the industry is of great significance to the large-scale application of environmentally friendly power cables. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly cable to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] An environmentally friendly cable comprises a cable core and a protective layer, wherein the components constituting the protective layer material include the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0006] Polyvinyl chloride resin: 33-42 parts;

[0007] Ethylene-octene copolymer: 16-22 parts;

[0008] Flame retardant: 20-24 parts;

[0009] Lubricant: 1-3 parts;

[0010] Antioxidant: 3-5 parts;

[0011] Epoxidized soybean oil: 0.5-2 parts;

[0012] Modified boron nitride: 3-5 parts.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the modified boron nitride is prepared by the following steps:

[0014] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose was added to deionized water, and the temperature was raised to 60 - 62 °C with stirring. After cooling to room temperature, a sodium hydroxide solution, amino-functionalized boron nitride, and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide were added to obtain solution A; potassium persulfate and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate were added to deionized water and dissolved to obtain solution B; at the same time, solutions A and B were slowly added dropwise and mixed, and the temperature was raised to 90 - 95 °C and then held for 4 - 6 h to obtain modified boron nitride.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention, the dosage ratio of the above-mentioned sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, deionized water, sodium hydroxide solution, amino-functionalized boron nitride, and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide is 1 - 1.1 g : 45 mL : 1 - 1.2 mL : 0.2 - 0.25 g : 0.01 g; the dosage ratio of potassium persulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and deionized water is 0.1 - 0.11 g : 0.8 - 0.81 g : 10 mL; wherein the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide solution is 25 wt%.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention, the amino-functionalized boron nitride is prepared by the following steps:

[0017] Boron nitride and deionized water were added to absolute ethanol, ultrasonically dispersed, and silane coupling agent KH-550 was added. The temperature was raised to 95 - 100 °C with stirring. After cooling to room temperature, filtration, washing, and drying were carried out to obtain amino-functionalized boron nitride; wherein the dosage ratio of boron nitride, deionized water, absolute ethanol, and silane coupling agent KH-550 is 0.2 g : 15 mL : 160 mL : 0.5 mL.

[0018] As a further aspect of the present invention, the density of the ethylene-octene copolymer is 0.8 - 0.85 g / cm 3 , and the melt index is 3 - 5 g / 10 min.

[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention, the flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention, the antioxidant is one or a mixture of any several of antioxidant 164, antioxidant 168, and antioxidant 1010.

[0021] As a further aspect of the present invention, the lubricant is one or a mixture of any several of stearic acid, zinc stearate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, and barium stearate.

[0022] As a further aspect of the present invention, the protective layer material is prepared by the following steps:

[0023] By weight, weigh each component raw material, put the component raw materials into a high-speed mixer and mix for 5 - 10 minutes to obtain a mixed material. Then, put the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, and then enter a hot air dryer for drying to obtain the protective layer material.

[0024] As a further scheme of the present invention, the temperature of the twin-screw extruder is set as follows: the temperature of zone 1 is 125 - 135 °C, the temperature of zone 2 is 160 - 175 °C, the temperature of zone 3 is 175 - 185 °C, the temperature of zone 4 is 185 - 190 °C, the temperature of zone 5 is 185 - 190 °C, and the temperature of the head is 180 - 185 °C.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0026] For the environmentally friendly cable in the present invention, the protective layer formula uses polyvinyl chloride resin and ethylene-octene copolymer as the base materials, and a flame retardant, a lubricant, an antioxidant, epoxy soybean oil, and modified boron nitride are added. After mixing and kneading, it is wrapped around the cable core to prepare the environmentally friendly cable of the present invention. Its preparation method is simple, the operation is convenient, the composition raw material formula is reasonable, and the prepared protective layer material is not only environmentally friendly, but also has the advantages of high temperature resistance, high softness, high flame retardant performance, and low smoke when burning.

[0027] In the present invention, the modified boron nitride added to the protective material is first used to modify the nano boron nitride with KH550. After that, a large number of highly active amino groups are contained on the surface of the boron nitride, and then it reacts with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to form hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, etc. on the carboxymethyl cellulose, improving the intermolecular force, thereby achieving the toughening effect. In addition, after mixing with other materials, a protective film is formed on the surface of the protective layer material. This protective film isolates the direct contact between the protective layer material and air. When a fire occurs, it can play a role in hindering the release of CO, thereby improving the flame retardant performance of the protective layer material and further improving the flame retardant performance of the environmentally friendly cable. At the same time, boron nitride can also be added as a synergistic flame retardant. After being compounded with ammonium polyphosphate, it significantly promotes char formation, improves the char quality of the material, reduces the combustion rate, and plays a nitrogen-phosphorus synergistic flame retardant role, thereby improving the thermal stability and flame retardant effect of the material. Specific embodiments

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The amino-functionalized boron nitride used in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention is prepared through the following steps:

[0030] 0.2 g of boron nitride and 15 mL of deionized water were added to 160 mL of absolute ethanol, ultrasonically dispersed for 1 h, 0.5 mL of silane coupling agent KH-550 was added, then the temperature was raised to 95 °C, and stirred under reflux for 24 h. After the above solution was cooled to room temperature, it was filtered, washed 5 times with absolute ethanol-water, and then dried at 100 °C for 12 h to obtain amino-functionalized boron nitride.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] This example provides a modified boron nitride, and its preparation steps are as follows:

[0033] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 1 g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose was added to 45 mL of deionized water, and the temperature was raised to 60 °C and stirred to dissolve in a water bath. After cooling to room temperature, 1.2 mL of sodium hydroxide solution (mass fraction 25 wt%) and 0.2 g of amino-functionalized boron nitride and 0.01 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide were added to obtain solution A; 0.1 g of potassium persulfate and 0.8 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate were added to 10 mL of deionized water and dissolved to obtain solution B; at the same time, solutions A and B were slowly added dropwise to a three-necked flask through a constant pressure dropping funnel, and the temperature was raised to 92 °C and kept warm for 6 h to obtain modified boron nitride.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] This example provides a modified boron nitride, and its preparation steps are as follows:

[0036] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 1 g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose was added to 45 mL of deionized water, and the temperature was raised to 60 °C and stirred to dissolve in a water bath. After cooling to room temperature, 1.2 mL of sodium hydroxide solution (mass fraction 25 wt%) and 0.22 g of amino-functionalized boron nitride and 0.01 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide were added to obtain solution A; 0.1 g of potassium persulfate and 0.8 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate were added to 10 mL of deionized water and dissolved to obtain solution B; at the same time, solutions A and B were slowly added dropwise to a three-necked flask through a constant pressure dropping funnel, and the temperature was raised to 92 °C and kept warm for 6 h to obtain modified boron nitride.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] This example provides a modified boron nitride, and its preparation steps are as follows:

[0039] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 1 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose was added to 45 mL of deionized water, and the temperature was raised to 60 °C and stirred to dissolve in a water bath. After cooling to room temperature, 1.2 mL of sodium hydroxide solution (mass fraction 25 wt%) was added, 0.25 g of amino-functionalized boron nitride, and 0.01 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide to obtain solution A; 0.1 g of potassium persulfate and 0.8 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate were added to 10 mL of deionized water and dissolved to obtain solution B; at the same time, solutions A and B were slowly added dropwise to a three-necked flask through a constant-pressure dropping funnel, and the temperature was raised to 92 °C and kept warm for 6 h to obtain modified boron nitride.

[0040] Example 4

[0041] This example provides an environmentally friendly cable, and its protective layer material is prepared by the following steps:

[0042] By weight, 35 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 18 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer (density 0.8 g / cm3, melt index 3 g / 10 min), 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant, 1 part of lubricant, 3 parts of antioxidant 168, 0.5 part of epoxy soybean oil, and 3 parts of the modified boron nitride in Example 1 were weighed, and the component raw materials were put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 8 min to obtain a mixed material. Subsequently, the mixed material was put into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, and then dried in a hot air dryer to obtain the protective layer material; among them, when extruding, the temperature of the twin-screw extruder was set as follows: the temperature of zone 1 was 125 °C, the temperature of zone 2 was 160 °C, the temperature of zone 3 was 175 °C, the temperature of zone 4 was 185 °C, the temperature of zone 5 was 185 °C, and the temperature of the die head was 180 °C.

[0043] The environmentally friendly cable was prepared by wrapping the obtained protective layer material around the cable core.

[0044] Example 5

[0045] This example provides a protective layer material for an environmentally friendly cable, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0046] By weight, 35 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 18 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer (density 0.8 g / cm3, melt index 3 g / 10 min), 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant, 1 part of lubricant, 3 parts of antioxidant 168, 0.5 part of epoxy soybean oil, and 3 parts of the modified boron nitride in Example 2 were weighed, and the component raw materials were put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 8 min to obtain a mixed material. Subsequently, the mixed material was put into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, and then dried in a hot air dryer to obtain the protective layer material; among them, when extruding, the temperature of the twin-screw extruder was set as follows: the temperature of zone 1 was 125 °C, the temperature of zone 2 was 160 °C, the temperature of zone 3 was 175 °C, the temperature of zone 4 was 185 °C, the temperature of zone 5 was 185 °C, and the temperature of the die head was 180 °C.

[0047] The obtained protective layer material above is wrapped around the cable core to produce an environmentally friendly cable.

[0048] Example 6

[0049] This example provides a protective layer material for environmentally friendly cables, which is prepared through the following steps:

[0050] By weight, 35 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 18 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer (density 0.8 g / cm3, melt index 3 g / 10 min), 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant, 1 part of lubricant, 3 parts of antioxidant 168, 0.5 part of epoxy soybean oil, and 3 parts of the modified boron nitride in Example 3 are weighed. The component raw materials are put into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 8 minutes to obtain a mixed material. Subsequently, the mixed material is put into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, and then dried in a hot air dryer to obtain the protective layer material. Among them, the temperature settings of the twin-screw extruder during extrusion are as follows: the temperature of zone 1 is 125 °C, the temperature of zone 2 is 160 °C, the temperature of zone 3 is 175 °C, the temperature of zone 4 is 185 °C, the temperature of zone 5 is 185 °C, and the temperature of the die head is 180 °C.

[0051] The obtained protective layer material above is wrapped around the cable core to produce an environmentally friendly cable.

[0052] Example 7

[0053] It is only different from Example 4 in that the dosage of the modified boron nitride used is different: 5 parts of the modified boron nitride in Example 3. The other raw materials and steps are the same as those in Example 4.

[0054] Example 8

[0055] It is only different from Example 5 in that the temperature settings of the twin-screw extruder are different: among them, the temperature settings of the twin-screw extruder during extrusion are as follows: the temperature of zone 1 is 130 °C, the temperature of zone 2 is 165 °C, the temperature of zone 3 is 175 °C, the temperature of zone 4 is 185 °C, the temperature of zone 5 is 190 °C, and the temperature of the die head is 185 °C. The other raw materials and steps are the same as those in Example 5.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] Compared with Example 4, the modified boron nitride is not added to synthesize the protective material, and the other raw materials and steps are the same as those in Example 4.

[0058] Comparative Example 2

[0059] Compared with Example 5, the dosage of the modified boron nitride used in Example 5 is changed: 8 parts of the modified boron nitride in Example 2, and the other raw materials and steps are the same as those in Example 5.

[0060] Comparative Example 3

[0061] Compared with Example 8, the temperature settings of the twin-screw extruder are different: among them, when extruding, the temperature settings of the twin-screw extruder are: the temperature of Zone 1 is 120 °C, the temperature of Zone 2 is 145 °C, the temperature of Zone 3 is 160 °C, the temperature of Zone 4 is 170 °C, the temperature of Zone 5 is 170 °C, and the temperature of the die head is 170 °C. The remaining raw materials and steps are the same as those in Example 5. The remaining raw materials and steps are the same as those in Example 8.

[0062] Comparative Example 4

[0063] Compared with Example 4, the ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant was replaced with aluminum hydroxide flame retardant, and the remaining raw materials and steps were the same as those in Example 4.

[0064] Perform performance tests on the cable sheath materials prepared in Examples 4 - 8 and Comparative Examples 1 - 4:

[0065] 1. Tensile strength and elongation at break test: Test the tensile properties of the cable material according to the standard of GB / T1040.3 - 2006.

[0066] 2. Oxygen index test: Test according to the standard of GB / T 2406.3 - 2022, conduct a high-temperature test on the cable material, and determine its oxygen index.

[0067] 3. Smoke density test: Conduct a single-chamber method to determine the smoke density test method according to the standard of GB / T 8323.2 - 2008 to test the smoke density of the cable material.

[0068] 4. Flame retardancy test: Use a UL1581 combustion tester to conduct flame retardancy detection. After placing the cable material at (60 ± 2) °C for 4 h, conduct a vertical combustion test specified in GB / T 2408 - 2021 to test the flame retardancy.

[0069] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0070] Table 1

[0071]

[0072] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with Comparative Examples 1 - 4, the cable sheath materials prepared in Examples 4 - 8 have excellent flame retardancy, high mechanical properties, low smoke during combustion, and other advantages, and the preparation process is simple and convenient for large-scale production.

[0073] It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0074] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An environment-friendly cable, characterized in that, It includes a cable core and a protective layer. The components that make up the protective layer material, by weight, include the following raw materials: Polyvinyl chloride resin: 33 - 42 parts; Ethylene - octene copolymer: 16 - 22 parts; Flame retardant: 20 - 24 parts; Lubricant: 1 - 3 parts; Antioxidant: 3 - 5 parts; Epoxidized soybean oil: 0.5 - 2 parts; Modified boron nitride: 3 - 5 parts.

2. An environment-friendly cable according to claim 1, wherein, The modified boron nitride is prepared through the following steps: Under a nitrogen atmosphere, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is added to deionized water, and the temperature is raised to 60 - 62 °C for stirring. After cooling to room temperature, sodium hydroxide solution, aminated boron nitride, and N,N - methylenebisacrylamide are added to obtain solution A; potassium persulfate and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate are added to deionized water and dissolved to obtain solution B; at the same time, solutions A and B are slowly added dropwise and mixed, and the temperature is raised to 90 - 95 °C and kept warm for 4 - 6 h to obtain modified boron nitride.

3. An environment-friendly cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dosage ratio of the above - mentioned sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, deionized water, sodium hydroxide solution, aminated boron nitride, and N,N - methylenebisacrylamide is 1 - 1.1 g: 45 mL: 1 - 1.2 mL: 0.2 - 0.25 g: 0.01 g; the dosage ratio of potassium persulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and deionized water is 0.1 - 0.11 g: 0.8 - 0.81 g: 10 mL; the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide solution is 25 wt%.

4. An environment-friendly cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, The aminated boron nitride is prepared through the following steps: Boron nitride and deionized water are added to absolute ethanol, ultrasonically dispersed, and silane coupling agent KH - 550 is added. The temperature is raised to 95 - 100 °C for stirring. After cooling to room temperature, filtration, washing, and drying are carried out to obtain aminated boron nitride; the dosage ratio of boron nitride, deionized water, absolute ethanol, and silane coupling agent KH - 550 is 0.2 g: 15 mL: 160 mL: 0.5 mL.

5. An environment-friendly cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The density of the ethylene - octene copolymer is 0.8 - 0.85 g / cm3, and the melt index is 3 - 5 g / 10 min.

6. An environment-friendly cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant.

7. An environmentally friendly cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antioxidant is one or any mixture of antioxidant 164, antioxidant 168, and antioxidant 1010.

8. An environment-friendly cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lubricant is one or any mixture of stearic acid, zinc stearate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, and barium stearate.

9. An environment-friendly cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective layer material is prepared through the following steps: By weight, each component raw material is weighed, and the component raw materials are put into a high - speed mixer and mixed for 5 - 10 min to obtain a mixed material. Subsequently, the mixed material is put into a twin - screw extruder for extrusion granulation, and then dried in a hot - air dryer to obtain the protective layer material.

10. An environment-friendly cable according to claim 9, characterized in that, The temperature settings of the twin - screw extruder are as follows: the temperature of zone 1 is 125 - 135 °C, the temperature of zone 2 is 160 - 175 °C, the temperature of zone 3 is 175 - 185 °C, the temperature of zone 4 is 185 - 190 °C, the temperature of zone 5 is 185 - 190 °C, and the temperature of the die head is 180 - 185 °C.

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