Swivel bridge spherical hinge automatic forced centering device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a swivel bridge spherical hinge automatic forced centering device and a using method thereof.The device comprises a supporting base plate, a positioning steel ball and a leveling device, the leveling device is connected to the lower side of the supporting base plate, the positioning steel ball is hemispherical, and the end face of the positioning steel ball is slidably connected to the upper side of the supporting base plate; the limiting devices are installed on the upper side of the supporting base plate and evenly connected to the spherical surface of the positioning steel ball in the circumferential direction, a concave hole is formed in the center of the spherical surface, perpendicular to the bottom face, of the positioning steel ball, the prism assembly is installed in the concave hole, the lower side of the height adjusting device abuts against the positioning steel ball, and the upper side of the height adjusting device is connected to the lower spherical hinge. According to the design, the supporting base plate can be leveled through the leveling device, the position of the center of the positioning steel ball can be accurately obtained through the prism assembly so as to achieve forced centering of the lower spherical hinge, a large amount of manpower, machinery and time can be saved, and the construction efficiency is high; the supporting height of the lower spherical hinge can be adjusted in a self-adaptive mode through the height adjusting device, and therefore the plane position and the elevation position of the installed spherical hinge are accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge rotation construction, and particularly relates to a ball hinge automatic forced centering device for a rotating bridge and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The ball hinge of a rotating bridge is composed of two mutually cooperating spherical surfaces inside and outside. The lower ball hinge is cast integrally with the lower bearing platform through a positioning skeleton, and the upper ball hinge is cast integrally with the upper bearing platform and the beam body, so that after the upper bridge is poured, it can be rotated to the designed position by a traction device using the ball hinge support. Therefore, the ball hinge is an important support and positioning component of the rotating bridge. Generally, the rotating bridge weighs tens of thousands of tons, which determines that the diameter and self-weight of the ball hinge bearing its weight are very large, making the positioning of the ball hinge more difficult. Once the ball hinge is installed offset, it will cause misalignment after the bridge rotation is completed. According to the similarity triangle rule, the misalignment value will generally be magnified by dozens of times in proportion according to the ratio of the bridge length to the ball hinge radius. The misalignment value will have a great impact on the aesthetics and overall stress of the beam body. Therefore, high requirements are needed for the installation accuracy of the rotating ball hinge.

[0003] The existing adjustment and positioning of the ball hinge is to directly place the lower ball hinge on the positioning skeleton, and then use a large amount of manual and mechanical means to horizontally and vertically move the large ball hinge weighing dozens of tons to adjust the position of its central axis so that the rotation center of the ball hinge coincides with the theoretical rotation center of the bridge. After adjustment, it is connected and fixed to the positioning skeleton through 8 bolts. Since the entire ball hinge weighing dozens of tons is moved as a whole, not only is the adjustment difficult, there are many processes, but also the centering accuracy cannot be guaranteed, ultimately resulting in low positioning accuracy and low overall construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects and problems of low positioning accuracy and low construction efficiency in the prior art, and provide a ball hinge automatic forced centering device for a rotating bridge and a using method thereof with high positioning accuracy and high construction efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: a ball hinge automatic forced centering device for a rotating bridge, including a support backing plate, positioning steel balls, a plurality of limiting devices, a height adjusting device, a prism assembly, and a leveling device. The leveling device is connected to the lower side of the support backing plate. The positioning steel balls are hemispherical and their end faces are slidably connected to the upper side of the support backing plate. A plurality of the limiting devices are installed on the upper side of the support backing plate. The plurality of limiting devices are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and are connected to the spherical surface of the positioning steel balls. A concave hole is opened at the center of the spherical surface of the positioning steel balls perpendicular to the bottom surface. The prism assembly is installed in the concave hole. The lower side of the height adjusting device abuts against the spherical surface of the positioning steel balls, and the upper side of the height adjusting device is connected to the center of the lower side of the lower ball hinge;

[0006] The leveling device is used to level the support backing plate;

[0007] The prism assembly is used to measure and locate the plane coordinates of the center of the positioning steel ball through a total station.

[0008] Two V-shaped grooves are formed on the upper side of the support backing plate, and the two V-shaped grooves are orthogonally formed with a cross-shaped V-shaped groove. The center of the end face of the positioning steel ball is located at the center of the cross-shaped V-shaped groove.

[0009] The limiting device includes a fixing plate and a fixing bolt. The fixing plate is L-shaped. The horizontal part of the fixing plate is connected to the upper side of the support backing plate. A threaded hole is formed in the vertical part of the fixing plate. The fixing bolt is threadedly connected to the threaded hole and its bottom end abuts against the arc surface of the positioning steel ball.

[0010] The height adjusting device includes an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and a nut. The outer cylinder is slidably connected to the outside of the inner cylinder in the vertical direction. The central axis of the outer cylinder coincides with the central axis of the lower ball hinge. The upper end of the outer cylinder is located above the inner cylinder and is connected to the lower side of the lower ball hinge. The inner cylinder is stepped. An external thread is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter end of the inner cylinder. The nut is threadedly connected to the external thread. The lower end face of the outer cylinder is coaxially connected with a receiving cylinder. The lower end face of the receiving cylinder abuts against the upper end face of the nut. A plurality of screw rods are threadedly connected to the outer side surface of the nut in the circumferential direction. A support block is coaxially connected to the large-diameter end of the inner cylinder. The lower side of the support block matches the outer shape of the positioning steel ball. An oil injection hole is provided on the outer side surface of the support block. The oil injection hole communicates with the lower side of the support block. The arc height of the support block is smaller than the radius of the positioning steel ball. The height of the spherical crown of the positioning steel ball is greater than its radius.

[0011] A plurality of rolling steel balls are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder near the upper end in the circumferential direction. The rolling steel balls are rotatably connected to the inner cylinder and the outer sides are fitted to the inner side wall of the outer cylinder. A plurality of rows of raceways are formed on the upper end face of the inner cylinder in the vertical direction. The plurality of rows of raceways are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder in the circumferential direction. A plurality of the rolling steel balls are rotatably connected in each row of raceways. The outer sides of the rolling steel balls pass through the raceways and then are fitted to the inner side wall of the outer cylinder. The cross section of the raceway is arc-shaped. The radius of the cross section of the raceway matches the radius of the rolling steel ball. The chordal distance of the raceway is smaller than the radius of the rolling steel ball.

[0012] The leveling device includes a bottom plate, a universal joint, a fixing component, two first connecting plates, two second connecting plates, and a spherical rod end bearing. The bottom plate is located below the support backing plate. The two ends of the universal joint are respectively hinged at the centers of the bottom plate and the support backing plate. The two first connecting plates and the spherical rod end bearing are arranged in an equilateral triangle. The two first connecting plates are respectively fixedly connected to the upper side of the bottom plate. The two second connecting plates are respectively slidably connected to the lower side of the support backing plate. The two first connecting plates and the two second connecting plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. A U-shaped rotating shaft seat is provided on the support backing plate. The fixed end of the spherical rod end bearing is fixedly connected to the upper side of the bottom plate. The movable end of the spherical rod end bearing is hinged to the U-shaped rotating shaft seat through a rotating shaft. One side of the first connecting plate is beveled. One side of the second connecting plate is beveled. The beveled surface of the first connecting plate abuts against the beveled surface of the second connecting plate. The fixing component is connected between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate.

[0013] A rectangular through groove is provided on the beveled surface of the first connecting plate. A limiting block matching the shape of the rectangular through groove is connected to the beveled surface of the second connecting plate. The limiting block is slidably connected in the rectangular through groove.

[0014] The fixing component includes a connecting bolt. The connecting bolt is threadedly connected to one side of the limiting block and is located in the rectangular through groove. The end face of the connecting bolt slidably abuts against the outer side edge of the first connecting plate.

[0015] The prism assembly includes a base, a support arm, and a prism. The base is hemispherical. The lower side of the base abuts against the concave hole of the positioning steel ball. The support arm is vertically arranged. The prism is connected to the upper end of the support arm. The reflection center of the prism is located at the center of the sphere of the base. The prism is arranged relative to the total station.

[0016] A usage method of a ball hinge automatic forced centering device for a rotating bridge includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Use a total station to release the theoretical center of the bottom of the lower ball hinge on the top surface of the lower bearing platform and make a marked point. Then place the leveling device on the top surface of the lower bearing platform. After aligning the center of the support backing plate with the marked point, connect the bottom of the support backing plate to the top surface of the lower bearing platform. Temporarily place a level and a positioning steel ball on the upper part of the support backing plate for counterweight. Rotate the two connecting bolts to make the second connecting plate move up and down along the beveled surface of the first connecting plate. At the same time, the top plane of the second connecting plate slides horizontally at the bottom of the support backing plate. When the bubble of the level is centered, the leveling work of the support backing plate is completed. Then fixedly connect the bottom plate and the support backing plate.

[0018] Step 2: Place the prism assembly on the concave hole of the positioning steel ball. Then, measure the coordinates of the prism assembly with a total station to obtain the actual center coordinates of the positioning steel ball. Compare the actual values with the theoretical plane coordinates of the lower spherical hinge center. While measuring, horizontally control the fine adjustment of the positioning steel ball's plane position according to the difference until the plane coordinates of the positioning steel ball's center completely coincide with the lower spherical hinge center coordinates. Then, connect the bottom surface of the positioning steel ball to the support backing plate to complete the plane positioning of the lower spherical hinge.

[0019] Step 3: Remove the prism assembly and place a height adjustment device on top of the positioning steel ball. Hoist and install the lower spherical hinge onto the spherical hinge height adjustment device. Thus, the automatic forced centering operation of the rotating bridge spherical hinge is completed.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. In the automatic forced centering device and its usage method for the rotating bridge spherical hinge of the present invention, by utilizing the principle that a spherical object rotates around a unique center of the sphere during rotation, first level the support backing plate according to the leveling device, then fix the center of the positioning steel ball to the designed position based on the coordinate values measured by the prism assembly, and then directly place the lower spherical hinge onto the positioning steel ball through the height adjustment device to complete the process of forced centering, enabling the rotation center of the heavy lower spherical hinge to directly reach the plane designed position. Since only the position of the positioning steel ball needs to be adjusted to complete the plane positioning of the spherical hinge, only one person can complete the rapid positioning of the spherical hinge, which can save a large amount of labor, machinery, and time. At the same time, it can reduce the process of repeatedly moving the entire spherical hinge to adjust its spatial position. The support height of the lower spherical hinge can be adaptively adjusted through the height adjustment device, enabling the lower spherical hinge to be stably supported in a timely and effective manner, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the plane position and elevation position of the installed spherical hinge, guaranteeing the initial accuracy of the beam body, avoiding the situation where the front central axis of the bridge coincides during rotation while the rear central axis cannot coincide, thus affecting the final positioning error of the bridge; avoiding the difficulty of resetting the beam body after deflection caused by the uneven installation of the spherical hinge, thereby affecting the overall elevation of the beam surface. Therefore, the present invention is convenient to install, has relatively high positioning accuracy, and high construction efficiency.

[0022] 2. In the automatic forced centering device and its usage method of the rotating bridge spherical hinge of the present invention, by setting the joint action of the universal joint and the fish-eye rod-end bearing for tying, the centers of the bottom plate and the support backing plate are connected as a whole. While ensuring leveling, it avoids the scattering of the leveling device. It is jointly supported by the adjustable fulcrum formed by the cooperation of two groups of the first connecting plates and the second connecting plates and the fixed hinge fulcrum of the fish-eye rod-end bearing. Using the principle that three points form a plane, the support backing plate can be quickly leveled; by setting a through slot on the first connecting plate and a limiting block on the second connecting plate and making their inclined surfaces cooperate, when rotating the connecting bolt, the support height is changed through the cooperation of the inclined surfaces to achieve the leveling of the support backing plate. While the second connecting plate moves along the inclined surface, through the tight combination method of the notch and the tenon head, the second connecting plate is limited, which can effectively prevent loosening and falling off. By setting the fixed hinge point of the fish-eye rod-end bearing, the support backing plate can be effectively supported. At the same time, when adjusting the support height according to the connecting bolt, it can ensure that the support backing plate can rotate to obtain a new support plane. Therefore, the present invention has high positioning accuracy, is convenient to use, and has high reliability.

[0023] 3. In the automatic forced centering device and its usage method of the rotating bridge spherical hinge of the present invention, by placing the prism assembly on the positioning steel ball with a leveled bottom surface, according to the principle that the plane coordinates are equal everywhere on the same vertical line. Since the center of the concave hole on the positioning steel ball is perpendicular to the center of the ball and perpendicular to the already leveled support backing plate, and the reflection center of the prism is located at the center of the ball of its base, the reflection center of the prism is also located on the vertical line of the center of the positioning steel ball. Therefore, the plane coordinates of the measured prism center are the actual coordinates of the center of the positioning steel ball. At this time, the fine adjustment can be completed by moving the plane position of the positioning steel ball by rotating the fixing bolt according to the difference between the actual and theoretical coordinates, so that the plane coordinates of the center of the positioning steel ball are completely coincident with the theoretical rotation center coordinates of the spherical hinge. When the positioning steel ball is translated in place, the positioning steel ball can be directly welded to the support backing plate. By setting the V-shaped groove, the welding between the positioning steel ball and the support backing plate is more firm, so as to avoid displacement when there is a horizontal component force on the heavy spherical hinge placed on its upper part. Since the positioning steel ball is spherical crown-shaped, connecting the plane of the spherical crown to the support backing plate can obtain stable support and avoid the displacement of the steel ball during operation. Therefore, the present invention has simple adjustment and firm connection.

[0024] 4. In the automatic forced centering device and its using method for the spherical hinge of a swivel bridge according to the present invention, by matching the concave arc of the support block with the convex arc of the positioning steel ball, the center of the concave arc of the support block coincides with the center of the convex arc of the positioning steel ball, and they form a concentric kinematic pair. At this time, the rotation center of the height adjustment device coaxially connected to the upper part of the support block is also the center position of the positioning steel ball. Similarly, the rotation center of the lower spherical hinge coaxially connected to the height adjustment device is also the center position of the positioning steel ball. Thus, the automatic forced centering of the lower spherical hinge is quickly completed and the initial accuracy of the swivel beam is ensured. Just placing the lower spherical hinge on the positioning steel ball through the height adjustment device can directly make the rotation center of the heavy lower spherical hinge reach the plane design position. Therefore, the present invention is convenient to install, has a relatively high positioning accuracy, and a relatively high construction efficiency.

[0025] 5. In the automatic forced centering device and its using method for the spherical hinge of a swivel bridge according to the present invention, by using the principle that no matter how the radius of the fixed center of the sphere changes, it will rotate around the center of the sphere during rotation, the rotation radius of the lower spherical hinge is changed by the telescoping between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder is placed on the positioning steel ball to effectively fix and support the whole structure when the lower spherical hinge adjusts its inclination position. At the same time, the whole lower spherical hinge revolves around the center of the positioning steel ball to complete the verticality of the outer cylinder to ensure the quick overall leveling of the lower spherical hinge. This is not only time-saving and labor-saving, but also when the overall height of the lower spherical hinge is adjusted by a jack, the outer cylinder can freely telescope on the inner cylinder to adaptively adjust the height. At the same time, since the height adjustment device changes the support height by telescoping in the vertical direction, its telescoping will not cause the central axis of the lower spherical hinge to change. After the overall height adjustment is in place, the telescoping length is limited by a nut to maintain the adjusted height, so as to maintain the spatial height of the lower spherical hinge with a relatively high positioning accuracy. Therefore, the working process of the present invention is stable and the adjustment process is scientific.

[0026] 6. In the automatic forced centering device and its using method for the spherical hinge of a swivel bridge according to the present invention, the height adjustment device changes the sliding friction into rolling friction through the internal rolling steel balls to reduce the resistance, effectively relieving the uneven force on the inner and outer cylinder structures during the adjustment process to avoid jamming of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. After the overall height adjustment is in place, the limit is achieved by rotating the nut; the threaded method not only facilitates fine adjustment but also ensures high-precision elevation positioning, avoiding the situation that when the existing lower spherical hinge is unloaded by the jack after the height adjustment is in place, the lower spherical hinge is unstable or unevenly supported, resulting in reset or skew of the lower spherical hinge and thus the need for repeated adjustment. This device ensures smooth adjustment while being convenient for later removal and recycling, and also improves the reliability and stability of the device; by designing the arc height of the support block to be less than the radius of the positioning steel ball, the radius of the large-diameter end of the inner cylinder can be greatly reduced to reduce its own weight, and at the same time, the moving space for the inner cylinder to rotate around the positioning steel ball can be increased. Therefore, the present invention has high reliability, good stability, and high flexibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention when adjusting the lower ball joint.

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the support backing plate, positioning steel ball, and limiting device in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the height adjustment device and the lower ball joint in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner cylinder, nut, and screw rod in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner cylinder, rolling steel balls, and positioning steel balls in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner cylinder, rolling steel balls, and raceway in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the prism assembly, support backing plate, positioning steel ball, and leveling device in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the prism assembly in the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: lower ball joint 1, support backing plate 2, V-shaped groove 21, positioning steel ball 3, concave hole 31, limiting device 4, fixing plate 41, fixing bolt 42, height adjustment device 5, inner cylinder 51, raceway 511, support block 512, oil injection hole 513, outer cylinder 52, nut 53, screw rod 54, receiving cylinder 55, rolling steel balls 56, prism assembly 6, base 61, connecting rod 62, prism 63, groove 64, convex platform 65, connecting block 66, leveling device 7, bottom plate 71, universal joint 72, fixing assembly 73, connecting bolt 731, first connecting plate 74, second connecting plate 75, rectangular through groove 76, limiting block 77, fish-eye rod end bearing 78, rotating shaft 79, U-shaped rotating shaft seat 710. Specific Embodiments

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] SeeFigures 1 to 3 , a swivel bridge spherical hinge automatic forced centering device, including a support backing plate 2, positioning steel balls 3, a plurality of limiting devices 4, a height adjusting device 5, a prism assembly 6, and a leveling device 7. The leveling device 7 is connected to the lower side of the support backing plate 2. The positioning steel balls 3 are hemispherical and their end faces are slidably connected to the upper side of the support backing plate 2. A plurality of the limiting devices 4 are installed on the upper side of the support backing plate 2. The plurality of limiting devices 4 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and are connected to the spherical surface of the positioning steel balls 3. A concave hole 31 is provided at the center of the spherical surface of the positioning steel balls 3 perpendicular to the bottom surface. The prism assembly 6 is installed in the concave hole 31. The lower side of the height adjusting device 5 abuts against the spherical surface of the positioning steel balls 3, and the upper side of the height adjusting device 5 is connected to the center of the lower side of the lower spherical hinge 1;

[0041] The leveling device 7 is used to level the support backing plate 2;

[0042] The prism assembly 6 is used to measure the plane coordinates of the center of the positioning steel balls 3 through a total station.

[0043] Two V-shaped grooves 21 are provided on the upper side of the support backing plate 2. The two V-shaped grooves 21 intersect orthogonally to form a cross-shaped V-shaped groove. The center of the end face of the positioning steel balls 3 is located at the center of the cross-shaped V-shaped groove.

[0044] The limiting device 4 includes a fixing plate 41 and a fixing bolt 42. The fixing plate 41 is L-shaped. The horizontal part of the fixing plate 41 is connected to the upper side of the support backing plate 2. A threaded hole is provided in the vertical part of the fixing plate 41. The fixing bolt 42 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole and its bottom end abuts against the arc surface of the positioning steel balls 3.

[0045] In this embodiment, the height of the spherical crown of the positioning steel balls 3 is about 1.2 times its radius. According to the weight of the lower spherical hinge 1, for the support backing plate 2 with a lighter weight, an equilateral triangle is selected, and for a heavier one, a square is selected. During the plane positioning of the lower spherical hinge 1, after the support backing plate 2 is leveled, the center position of the spherical hinge can be directly marked on the support backing plate 2. Using a compass, draw a circle with the marked point as the center and the radius of the spherical crown plane of the positioning steel balls 3 as the radius, and then directly place the plane of the positioning steel balls 3 within the circle, thus realizing the positioning of the positioning steel balls 3.

[0046] Embodiment 2:

[0047] The basic content is the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference being:

[0048] See Figures 4 to 7, the height adjustment device 5 includes an inner cylinder 51, an outer cylinder 52 and a nut 53. The outer cylinder 52 is slidably connected to the outside of the inner cylinder 51 in the vertical direction. The central axis of the outer cylinder 52 coincides with the central axis of the lower ball hinge 1. The upper end of the outer cylinder 52 is located above the inner cylinder 51 and is connected to the lower side of the lower ball hinge 1. The inner cylinder 51 is stepped. An external thread is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter end of the inner cylinder 51. The nut 53 is threadedly connected to the external thread. A receiving cylinder 55 is coaxially connected to the lower end surface of the outer cylinder 52. The lower end surface of the receiving cylinder 55 abuts against the upper end surface of the nut 53. A plurality of screw rods 54 are threadedly connected to the outer side surface of the nut 53 in the circumferential direction. A support block 512 is coaxially connected to the large-diameter end of the inner cylinder 51. The lower side of the support block 512 matches the outer shape of the positioning steel ball 3. An oil injection hole 513 is provided on the outer side surface of the support block 512. The oil injection hole 513 communicates with the lower side of the support block 512, facilitating the injection of grease onto the contact surface between the support block 512 and the positioning steel ball 3. The arc height of the support block 512 is less than the radius of the positioning steel ball 3. The height of the spherical crown of the positioning steel ball 3 is greater than its radius.

[0049] A plurality of rolling steel balls 56 are circumferentially arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 51 near the upper end. The rolling steel balls 56 are rotatably connected to the inner cylinder 51 and the outer sides are in contact with the inner side wall of the outer cylinder 52. A plurality of rows of raceways 511 are vertically formed on the upper end surface of the inner cylinder 51. The plurality of rows of raceways 511 are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 51 in the circumferential direction. A plurality of the rolling steel balls 56 are rotatably connected in each row of raceways 511. The outer sides of the rolling steel balls 56 pass through the raceways 511 and then are in contact with the inner side wall of the outer cylinder 52. The cross section of the raceway 511 is arc-shaped. The radius of the cross section of the raceway 511 matches the radius of the rolling steel balls 56 and ensures the minimum rotation clearance. The chordal distance of the raceway 511 is less than the radius of the rolling steel balls 56.

[0050] In this embodiment, the inner cylinder 51 is placed on the positioning steel balls 3 so that the entire structure can be effectively fixed and supported when the lower spherical hinge 1 adjusts its inclination position, and the whole structure can revolve around the center of the positioning steel balls 3 to complete the quick overall leveling of the lower spherical hinge 1. Since the height of the lower spherical hinge 1 not being at the designed position will affect the use of the shaping template and the overall external dimensions of the upper bearing platform, the lower spherical hinge 1 also needs to be adjusted to the designed elevation as a whole. The inner cylinder 51 is directly sleeved inside the outer cylinder 52 and slides. When the lower spherical hinge 1 needs to be lifted or lowered, multiple jacks are simultaneously extended or retracted, and at this time, the lower spherical hinge 1 will be lifted or lowered as a whole. When inclination deviation correction is needed, only individual jacks need to be jacked up. After the height adjustment is completed, the outer cylinder 52 is fixed by the nut 53, so that the spatial height of the lower spherical hinge 1 can be maintained. An external thread is milled on the outer periphery of the bottom of the inner cylinder 51, and the nut 53 is sleeved on the external thread. The top surface of the nut 53 abuts against the receiving cylinder 55. A screw rod 54 is inserted into a drilled hole on the outside of the nut 53 to replace the wrench 75 for convenient rotation. The nut 53 at the bottom of the inner cylinder 51 is rotated, and the top surface of the large nut 53 abuts against the outer cylinder 52. At this time, after connecting the periphery of the lower spherical hinge 1 with the positioning framework 9, the jacks and the height adjustment device 5 can be removed, and the height position adjustment of the lower spherical hinge 1 is completed. For the heavier lower spherical hinge 1, after jacking up, a square hole is opened at the thread and a square steel is directly inserted to prevent the lower spherical hinge 1 from falling back, avoiding the generation of rotational force by the nut 53 under the action of a large dead weight. In order to reduce the frictional resistance, a scheme of replacing sliding friction with rolling friction is adopted, and the raceway 511 of the inner cylinder 51 is evenly drilled into a spline-shaped round hole so that the rolling steel balls 56 placed in the raceway 511 will not fall out.

[0051] Embodiment 3:

[0052] The basic content is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and the differences are as follows:

[0053] See Figure 8 and Figure 9, the leveling device 7 includes a bottom plate 71, a universal joint 72, a fixing component 73, two first connecting plates 74, two second connecting plates 75 and a spherical rod end bearing 78. The bottom plate 71 is located below the supporting cushion plate 2. The two ends of the universal joint 72 are respectively hinged to the centers of the bottom plate 71 and the supporting cushion plate 2. The two first connecting plates 74 and the spherical rod end bearing 78 are arranged in an equilateral triangle. The two first connecting plates 74 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper side of the bottom plate 71. The two second connecting plates 75 are respectively slidably connected to the lower side of the supporting cushion plate 2. The two first connecting plates 74 and the two second connecting plates 75 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. A U-shaped rotating shaft seat 710 is provided on the supporting cushion plate 2. The fixed end of the spherical rod end bearing 78 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the bottom plate 71. The movable end of the spherical rod end bearing 78 is hinged to the U-shaped rotating shaft seat 710 through a rotating shaft 79. One side of the first connecting plate 74 is inclined. One side of the second connecting plate 75 is inclined. The inclined surface of the first connecting plate 74 abuts against the inclined surface of the second connecting plate 75. The fixing component 73 is connected between the first connecting plate 74 and the second connecting plate 75.

[0054] A rectangular through groove 76 is provided on the inclined surface of the first connecting plate 74. A limiting block 77 matching the shape of the rectangular through groove 76 is connected to the inclined surface of the second connecting plate 75. The limiting block 77 is slidably connected in the rectangular through groove 76.

[0055] The fixing component 73 includes a connecting bolt 731. The connecting bolt 731 is threadedly connected to one side of the limiting block 77 and is located in the rectangular through groove 76. The end face of the connecting bolt 731 slidably abuts against the outer side edge of the first connecting plate 74.

[0056] Embodiment 4:

[0057] A using method of a self-aligning device for the spherical hinge of a rotating bridge, the using method includes the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: Use a total station to release the theoretical center at the bottom of the lower spherical hinge 1 on the top surface of the lower bearing platform and mark the point. Then place the leveling device 7 on the top surface of the lower bearing platform. Align the center of the support pad 2 roughly with the marked point, and then firmly connect the bottom of the support pad 2 to the top surface of the lower bearing platform. Temporarily place a level and a positioning steel ball 3 on the upper part of the support pad 2 for counterweight. Rotate the two connecting bolts 731 with a wrench to move the second connecting plate 75 up and down along the inclined surface of the first connecting plate 74. At the same time, the top plane of the second connecting plate 75 slides horizontally at the bottom of the support pad 2. When the connecting bolts 731 are tightened, the support height increases; when the connecting bolts 731 are loosened, the support height decreases under the action of the self-gravity of the positioning steel ball 3. An adjustable plane is formed by the fixed hinge points of the two adjustable supports and the fish-eye rod end bearing 78. When the bubble of the level is centered, the leveling of the support pad 2 is completed, and then the bottom plate 71 is fixedly connected to the support pad 2;

[0059] Step 2: Place the prism assembly 6 on the concave hole 31 of the positioning steel ball 3. Then measure the coordinates of the prism assembly 6 with a total station to obtain the actual center coordinates of the positioning steel ball 3. Compare the actual values with the theoretical plane coordinates of the center position of the lower spherical hinge 1. While measuring, fine-tune the plane position of the positioning steel ball 3 horizontally according to the difference by rotating the fixing bolt 42 until the center plane coordinates of the positioning steel ball 3 coincide completely with the center coordinates of the lower spherical hinge 1. At this time, weld at the intersection of the bottom surface of the positioning steel ball 3 and the two V-shaped grooves 21 of the support pad 2 to fix the position of the positioning steel ball 3, thus completing the plane positioning of the lower spherical hinge 1;

[0060] Step 3: Remove the prism assembly 6 and place the height adjustment device 5 on the upper part of the positioning steel ball 3. Hoist the lower spherical hinge 1 and sleeve it on the spherical hinge height adjustment device 5. Thus, the automatic forced centering operation of the rotating bridge spherical hinge is completed.

[0061] Example 5:

[0062] The basic content is the same as that of Example 1, with the difference being:

[0063] Refer to Figure 10 , the prism assembly 6 includes a base 61, a support arm 62, and a prism 63. The base 61 is hemispherical. The lower side of the base 61 abuts against the concave hole 31 of the positioning steel ball 3. The support arm 62 is arranged vertically. The prism 63 is connected to the upper end of the support arm 62. The reflection center of the prism 63 is located at the center of the sphere of the base 61. The prism 63 is arranged relative to the total station.

[0064] In this embodiment, the upper end surface of the base 61 is a concave arc surface. The upper end of the support arm 62 is located above the base 61. The prism 63 is inserted into the upper end of the support arm 2. A boss 65 is connected to the center of the upper end surface of the base 61. The cross-section of the boss 65 is a trapezoid with a narrower upper part and a wider lower part. The lower end of the support arm 62 passes through the boss 65 and the base 61 in sequence and is located in the positioning rotation shaft hole. Grooves 64 are provided on the lower end surface of the boss 65 and the arc surface of the base 61. The grooves 64 are conical. A connecting block 66 is provided at the center of the upper end surface of the boss 65. The lower end of the support arm 62 is inserted into the center of the connecting block 66. The connecting block 66 is cylindrical, and the axes of the connecting block 66, the boss 65, and the base 61 coincide.

Claims

1. An automatic forced centering device for the spherical hinge of a swivel bridge, characterized in that: It includes a support backing plate (2), positioning steel balls (3), multiple limiting devices (4), a height adjustment device (5), a prism assembly (6), and a leveling device (7). The leveling device (7) is connected to the lower side of the support backing plate (2). The positioning steel balls (3) are hemispherical and their end faces are slidably connected to the upper side of the support backing plate (2). Multiple limiting devices (4) are installed on the upper side of the support backing plate (2). The multiple limiting devices (4) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and are connected to the spherical surface of the positioning steel balls (3). A concave hole (31) is provided at the spherical center of the positioning steel balls (3) perpendicular to the bottom surface. The prism assembly (6) is installed in the concave hole (31). The lower side of the height adjustment device (5) abuts against the spherical surface of the positioning steel balls (3), and the upper side of the height adjustment device (5) is connected to the center of the lower side of the lower ball joint (1). The leveling device (7) is used to level the support backing plate (2). The prism assembly (6) is used to measure the plane coordinates of the center of the positioning steel balls (3) through a total station.

2. The automatic forced centering device for the swing bridge spherical hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two V-shaped grooves (21) are provided on the upper side of the support backing plate (2). The two V-shaped grooves (21) are orthogonally formed into a cross-shaped V-shaped groove, and the center of the end face of the positioning steel balls (3) is located at the center of the cross-shaped V-shaped groove.

3. The automatic forced centering device for the swing bridge spherical hinge according to claim 1, wherein: The limiting device (4) includes a fixing plate (41) and a fixing bolt (42). The fixing plate (41) is L-shaped. The horizontal part of the fixing plate (41) is connected to the upper side of the support backing plate (2). A threaded hole is provided in the vertical part of the fixing plate (41). The fixing bolt (42) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole and its bottom end abuts against the arc surface of the positioning steel balls (3).

4. The automatic forced centering device for the swing bridge spherical hinge according to claim 1, wherein: The height adjustment device (5) includes an inner cylinder (51), an outer cylinder (52), and a nut (53). The outer cylinder (52) is slidably connected to the outside of the inner cylinder (51) in the vertical direction. The central axis of the outer cylinder (52) coincides with the central axis of the lower ball joint (1). The upper end of the outer cylinder (52) is located above the inner cylinder (51) and is connected to the lower side of the lower ball joint (1). The inner cylinder (51) is stepped. An external thread is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter end of the inner cylinder (51). The nut (53) is threadedly connected to the external thread. A receiving cylinder (55) is coaxially connected to the lower end face of the outer cylinder (52). The lower end face of the receiving cylinder (55) abuts against the upper end face of the nut (53). Multiple screw rods (54) are threadedly connected to the outer side surface of the nut (53) in the circumferential direction. A support block (512) is coaxially connected to the large-diameter end of the inner cylinder (51). The lower side of the support block (512) matches the shape of the positioning steel balls (3). An oil injection hole (513) is provided on the outer side surface of the support block (512). The oil injection hole (513) communicates with the lower side of the support block (512). The arc height of the support block (512) is less than the radius of the positioning steel balls (3), and the height of the spherical crown of the positioning steel balls (3) is greater than its radius.

5. The automatic forced centering device for the swing bridge spherical hinge according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of rolling steel balls (56) are circumferentially arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder (51) near the upper end. The rolling steel balls (56) are rotatably connected to the inner cylinder (51) and the outer sides thereof are attached to the inner side wall of the outer cylinder (52). The upper end surface of the inner cylinder (51) is provided with multiple rows of raceways (511) in the vertical direction. The multiple rows of raceways (511) are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder (51) in a circumferential manner. A plurality of the rolling steel balls (56) are rotatably connected in each row of raceways (511). The outer sides of the rolling steel balls (56) pass through the raceways (511) and then are attached to the inner side wall of the outer cylinder (52). The cross section of the raceway (511) is arc-shaped. The radius of the cross section of the raceway (511) matches the radius of the rolling steel ball (56). The chordal distance of the raceway (511) is less than the radius of the rolling steel ball (56).

6. The automatic forced centering device for the swing bridge spherical hinge according to claim 1, wherein: The leveling device (7) includes a bottom plate (71), a universal joint (72), a fixing component (73), two first connecting plates (74), two second connecting plates (75) and a spherical rod end bearing (78). The bottom plate (71) is located below the supporting cushion plate (2). The two ends of the universal joint (72) are respectively hinged to the centers of the bottom plate (71) and the supporting cushion plate (2). The two first connecting plates (74) and the spherical rod end bearing (78) are arranged in an equilateral triangle. The two first connecting plates (74) are respectively fixedly connected to the upper side of the bottom plate (71). The two second connecting plates (75) are respectively slidably connected to the lower side of the supporting cushion plate (2). The two first connecting plates (74) and the two second connecting plates (75) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. A U-shaped rotating shaft seat (710) is formed on the supporting cushion plate (2). The fixed end of the spherical rod end bearing (78) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the bottom plate (71). The movable end of the spherical rod end bearing (78) is hinged to the U-shaped rotating shaft seat (710) through a rotating shaft (79). One side of the first connecting plate (74) is inclined. One side of the second connecting plate (75) is inclined. The inclined surface of the first connecting plate (74) abuts against the inclined surface of the second connecting plate (75). The fixing component (73) is connected between the first connecting plate (74) and the second connecting plate (75).

7. An automatic forced centering device for a swing bridge spherical hinge according to claim 6, characterized in that: A rectangular through groove (76) is formed on the inclined surface of the first connecting plate (74). A limiting block (77) matching the shape of the rectangular through groove (76) is connected to the inclined surface of the second connecting plate (75). The limiting block (77) is slidably connected in the rectangular through groove (76).

8. The automatic forced centering device for the rotating body bridge hinge according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing component (73) includes a connecting bolt (731). The connecting bolt (731) is threadedly connected to one side of the limiting block (77) and is located in the rectangular through groove (76). The end face of the connecting bolt (731) is slidably abutted against the outer side edge of the first connecting plate (74).

9. The automatic forced centering device for the slewing bridge spherical hinge according to claim 1, wherein: The prism assembly (6) includes a base (61), a support arm (62), and a prism (63). The base (61) is hemispherical. The lower side of the base (61) abuts against the concave hole (31) of the positioning steel ball (3). The support arm (62) is arranged vertically. The prism (63) is connected to the upper end of the support arm (62). The reflection center of the prism (63) is located at the center of the sphere of the base (61). The prism (63) is arranged relative to the total station instrument.

10. A method for using the automatic forced centering device of the slewing bridge spherical hinge according to claim 8, characterized in that: The usage method includes the following steps: Step 1: Use the total station instrument to release the theoretical center of the bottom of the lower spherical hinge (1) on the top surface of the lower bearing platform and make a marked point. Then place the leveling device (7) on the top surface of the lower bearing platform. Align the center of the support pad (2) with the marked point and then connect the bottom of the support pad (2) to the top surface of the lower bearing platform. Temporarily place a level and the positioning steel ball (3) on the upper part of the support pad (2) for counterweight. Rotate the two connecting bolts (731) to move the second connecting plate (75) up and down along the inclined surface of the first connecting plate (74). At the same time, the top plane of the second connecting plate (75) slides horizontally at the bottom of the support pad (2). When the bubble of the level is centered, the leveling of the support pad (2) is completed. Then fixedly connect the bottom plate (71) to the support pad (2). Step 2: Place the prism assembly (6) on the concave hole (31) of the positioning steel ball (3). Then measure the coordinates of the prism assembly (6) with the total station instrument to obtain the actual center coordinates of the positioning steel ball (3). Compare the actual value with the plane theoretical coordinates of the center position of the lower spherical hinge (1). While measuring, horizontally control the limit assembly (4) to finely adjust the plane position of the positioning steel ball (3) according to the difference until the center plane coordinates of the positioning steel ball (3) completely coincide with the center coordinates of the lower spherical hinge (1). Then connect the bottom surface of the positioning steel ball (3) to the support pad (2) to complete the plane positioning of the lower spherical hinge (1). Step 3: Remove the prism assembly (6) and place the height adjustment device (5) on the upper part of the positioning steel ball (3). Hoist and install the lower spherical hinge (1) on the spherical hinge height adjustment device (5). Thus, the automatic forced centering operation of the rotating bridge spherical hinge is completed.

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