Tunnel inner wall leveling equipment for tunnel construction

Abstract

The invention discloses tunnel inner wall leveling equipment for tunnel construction, and particularly relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, the tunnel inner wall leveling equipment comprises a walking machine, a control arm is arranged on the walking machine, a leveling assembly is mounted at the output end of the control arm, the leveling assembly comprises a mounting frame, a bucket is slidably mounted on the mounting frame, and a shovel plate is arranged on the bucket; a fracturing driver is arranged between the bucket and the installation frame, a pressure limiting column is arranged at the position, located above the bucket, of the installation frame, the pressure limiting column is installed on the installation frame in a sliding mode, and a straight movement driver is further installed on the installation frame. The part, embedded in the surrounding stratum, of the large hard rock cannot be affected in the leveling process, the large hard rock is prevented from loosening and falling off in the surrounding soft stratum, particularly when the situation is located at the upper position in a tunnel, the large hard rock can be effectively prevented from falling off to cause construction accidents, and the construction safety is improved. And tunnel collapse is avoided, and construction safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and more specifically, to a tunnel inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel is a structure built underground, underwater, or in a mountain, for laying railways or building roads for motor vehicles to pass through. Tunnel excavation is a complex and technically demanding engineering activity, which involves multiple aspects such as geological exploration, construction method selection, and safety measure implementation. The main tunnel excavation methods include the drill and blast method (traditional mining method), the tunneling method (using a tunneling machine), the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM), and the open cut method. Among them, for mountain tunnels or mine tunnels, due to their complex geological conditions and the existence of a large number of rock masses, the drill and blast method and the tunneling method are mostly used for construction. Whether it is the drill and blast method or the use of various tunneling machines for tunneling construction, due to the insufficient control accuracy of the equipment itself and the uncertainty during rock fracture, the inner wall of the tunnel is in an uneven state during actual construction.

[0003] Since other construction works need to be carried out in the tunnel later, such as initial support and lining construction, especially during the initial support, it is necessary to erect steel arch frames and spray concrete. If there are many protrusions on the inner wall of the tunnel and the protrusion distance is large, it will affect the subsequent construction of the tunnel. Therefore, when the tunnel is initially formed, it is necessary to level the inner wall of the tunnel, especially to level the soil, rocks and other objects that protrude more on the inner wall, so as to further improve the flatness of the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0004] For soft soil and relatively simple formation conditions of the inner wall of the tunnel (such as all rocks or all soils), a simple scraper-type device can be directly used for scraping (using a small excavator for direct trimming). However, the strata through which the tunnel passes may include different types of rocks and soils, from hard granite to soft mudstone, sandy soil, etc. The hardness and stability of these strata vary greatly. For example, softer strata may collapse or be over-excavated, while hard rocks may make it difficult to completely remove the protruding parts.

[0005] Especially when some large hard rocks are embedded in soft strata (such as soil layers or fragile rock layers), and only a small part of the large hard rocks is exposed outside the inner wall of the tunnel to form protrusions. If the rock is directly pushed and leveled by a leveling device with strong force, the rock is not easy to break. On the contrary, it is easy to cause the part of the large rock embedded in the soft strata to become loose. Seriously, it will cause the whole large hard rock to fall, and the surrounding strata of the large hard rock will also collapse, resulting in construction accidents and affecting construction safety and progress. Summary of the Invention

[0006] A tunnel inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction provided by the present invention aims to solve the following problem: When the existing products are under construction and encounter the situation where some large hard rocks are embedded in the soft strata, directly relying on the leveling device to strongly push the rocks for leveling, the rocks are not easily broken, and it is easy to cause the part of the large rocks embedded in the soft strata to become loose, affecting the construction safety.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A tunnel inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction includes a traveling machine, on which a control arm is provided. The output end of the control arm is installed with a leveling assembly. The control arm is used to drive the leveling assembly to move in the tunnel. The leveling assembly includes a mounting frame, which is installed at the output end of the control arm. A bucket is slidably installed on the mounting frame. A shovel plate is provided on the bucket. A fracturing driver is arranged between the bucket and the mounting frame, and the fracturing driver is used to drive the bucket to linearly slide along the surface of the mounting frame. A pressure limiting column is arranged at a position above the bucket on the mounting frame. The pressure limiting column is slidably installed on the mounting frame. A linear movement driver is also installed on the mounting frame, and the linear movement driver is used to drive the pressure limiting column to extend or retract forward. There are multiple groups of pressure limiting columns, and the multiple groups of pressure limiting columns are evenly distributed on the mounting frame.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, both the control arm and the leveling assembly on the traveling machine are provided in two groups. A swing driver is arranged between the control arm and the traveling machine. A rocking driver is arranged between the mounting frame and the control arm. A discharge hole is provided in the bucket.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the end of the pressure limiting column away from the mounting frame is inclined towards the bucket, and the end of the pressure limiting column is provided with an extrusion cone head. The extrusion cone heads on the row of pressure limiting columns facing away from the shovel plate are of a flat cone structure.

[0010] A buffer sleeve rod is slidably sleeved outside the pressure limiting column. An elastic member is arranged between the buffer sleeve rod and the pressure limiting column, and this elastic member is used to provide a elastic force in a direction away from the pressure limiting column to the buffer sleeve rod. An activity sleeve is installed at the end of the buffer sleeve rod, and a buffer sealing cover is also fixedly installed on the activity sleeve.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a spray hole is provided at the end of the activity sleeve. A nozzle is installed on the spray hole. The activity sleeve is slidably installed on the buffer sleeve rod. An elastic member is arranged between the activity sleeve and the buffer sleeve rod, and this elastic member is used to provide a elastic force in a direction away from the buffer sleeve rod to the activity sleeve. A diversion cavity is arranged in the buffer sleeve rod. The diversion cavity is connected with an input docking pipe. The input docking pipe is connected to a water supply system through a reversing valve. A first diversion channel is arranged inside the buffer sleeve rod. When the activity sleeve moves away from the buffer sleeve rod, the spray hole is communicated with the first diversion channel.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, an injection hole is provided inside the extrusion cone head, and the injection hole extends to the end of the extrusion cone head. The injection hole and the first guide channel are staggered. The movable sleeve includes an end docking portion and an inner sleeve portion. The end docking portion is arranged corresponding to the port of the first guide channel. The inner sleeve portion is slidably arranged in the area between the buffer sleeve rod and the extrusion cone head. A second guide channel is provided on the first guide channel, and a docking channel is provided in the area of the inner sleeve portion corresponding to the second guide channel. A docking guide groove is provided in the area of the extrusion cone head corresponding to the second guide channel, and the docking guide groove is connected with the injection hole. When the movable sleeve is away from the buffer sleeve rod, a passage is formed between the first guide channel and the injection hole, and the second guide channel and the docking channel are staggered and blocked. When the movable sleeve is close to the buffer sleeve rod, the end docking portion blocks the first guide channel, and the second guide channel, the docking channel and the docking guide groove are docked with each other.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the input butt joint is also connected to a hot oil supply system and an air supply system through a reversing valve. The hot oil supply system includes an oil heater and an oil pump structure. The hot oil supply system is used to enable the injection hole to output high-temperature oil. The air supply system includes an air source and an air pump. The air supply system is used to enable the injection hole to output high-pressure airflow.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the shovel plate is movably mounted on the bucket, and one side of the shovel plate corresponding to the bucket is connected to the bucket through an elastic connector, which is used to provide an elastic force to move the shovel plate away from the bucket, and the side of the shovel plate close to the pressure limiting column is a flat blade.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the elastic connector includes at least two elastic bladder structures, which are fixedly connected to the shovel plate and the bucket respectively. The two elastic bladders are respectively located at the two ends of the shovel plate. The elastic bladders are also connected to the inflation and deflation system through an inflation butt tube.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, a magnetic roller is rotatably installed on one side of the shovel plate corresponding to the steel arch frame, and multiple groups of magnet structures are arranged around the magnetic roller. An auxiliary scraper is also fixedly installed on the side of the shovel plate away from the pressure limiting column. The auxiliary scraper is an elastic structure, and the auxiliary scraper is bent outward away from the side of the shovel plate.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By means of the pressure-limiting column, the present invention contacts large hard rocks and provides a squeezing force and a limiting force in the direction close to the inner wall of the tunnel. Then, the bucket is driven to make the shovel plate cooperate with the limitation of the pressure-limiting column to form a shear on the exposed part of the rock, so that the exposed part of the rock is fragmented and falls off. During the leveling process, the part of the large hard rock embedded in the surrounding formation will not be affected, and the loosening and falling off of the large hard rock in the surrounding soft formation can be avoided. Especially when the above situation is located at the upper position inside the tunnel, the falling of large hard rocks causing construction accidents can be effectively avoided, and the tunnel collapse can be avoided, improving the construction safety. Moreover, by using the above equipment, the inner wall of the tunnel can be trimmed before wet shotcreting construction, and the excess concrete can be leveled after wet shotcreting construction, greatly improving the functionality and practicality of the product equipment provided in this embodiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention when two groups of operating arms are opened to level the inner walls on both sides of the tunnel.

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention when crushing large hard rocks embedded in soft formations.

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after improving the pressure-limiting column.

[0022] Figure 5 is a state diagram of the present invention when the extrusion cone head is pressed into the rock and liquid is injected.

[0023] Figure 6 is a state diagram of the present invention when the first diversion channel is in communication with the injection hole when the extrusion cone head does not contact the rock.

[0024] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the structure of part A.

[0025] Figure 8 is a state diagram of the present invention when removing concrete for the steel arch frame after wet shotcreting operation.

[0026] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after improving the shovel plate.

[0027] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the release state of the present invention before the shovel plate contacts the steel arch frame.

[0028] Figure 11 is a bottom view of the connection between the improved shovel plate and the bucket of the present invention.

[0029] The reference numerals are: 1, a mobile machine; 2, a control arm; 21, a swing drive; 22, a rocking drive; 3, a mounting bracket; 4, a bucket; 41, a cutting plate; 42, a fracturing drive; 43, an elastic connector; 431, an inflated docking pipe; 44, a magnetic roller; 45, an auxiliary scraper; 5, a pressure limiting column; 51, a linear drive; 52, an extrusion cone head; 521, a flow injection hole; 522, a docking guide groove; 53, a buffer sleeve rod; 531, a diversion cavity; 532, a first diversion channel; 533, a second diversion channel; 534, an input docking pipe; 54, a movable sleeve; 541, a buffer sealing cover; 542, a spray hole; 543, a docking channel; 5401, an end docking part; 5402, an inner sleeve part; 6, a steel arch. Specific embodiments

[0030] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application according to the above application content.

[0031] Referring to the attached drawings of the specification Figures 1 to 11 , a tunnel inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction, comprising a mobile machine 1, a control arm 2 is arranged on the mobile machine 1, a leveling assembly is installed at the output end of the control arm 2, and the control arm 2 is used to drive the leveling assembly to move in the tunnel so that the leveling assembly performs a leveling operation along the inner wall of the tunnel. The leveling assembly includes a mounting bracket 3, the mounting bracket 3 is installed at the output end of the control arm 2, a bucket 4 is slidably installed on the mounting bracket 3, a cutting plate 41 is arranged on the bucket 4, and the cutting plate 41 is used to level the protrusions on the inner wall of the tunnel. A fracturing drive 42 is arranged between the bucket 4 and the mounting bracket 3. The fracturing drive 42 is preferably a hydraulic cylinder structure, and the fracturing drive 42 is used to drive the bucket 4 to linearly slide along the surface of the mounting bracket 3.

[0032] A pressure limiting column 5 is arranged at a position above the bucket 4 on the mounting bracket 3. The pressure limiting column 5 is slidably installed on the mounting bracket 3. A linear drive 51 is also installed on the mounting bracket 3. The linear drive 51 is preferably a hydraulic cylinder structure. The linear drive 51 is used to drive the pressure limiting column 5 to extend or retract to approach or move away from large hard rocks, and multiple groups of pressure limiting columns 5 are arranged, and the multiple groups of pressure limiting columns 5 are evenly distributed on the mounting bracket 3. During actual use, the control arm 2 is used to drive the cutting plate 41 to move along the inner wall of the tunnel, and the protruding soil or other loose stones on the inner wall of the tunnel are removed by the cutting plate 41 to make the inner wall of the tunnel smoother and reduce the protruding structure. When encountering large rocks mostly embedded in the soft stratum, referring to the attached drawings of the specification Figure 3, drive the scraper plate 41 to the edge of the exposed area of the large rock, and then drive the pressure-limiting column 5 towards the large hard rock, and make the pressure-limiting column 5 contact the large hard rock (since the surface of the rock is not uniform, multiple groups of pressure-limiting columns 5 need to be set, and in actual operation, each pressure-limiting column 5 contacts the large hard rock, so the forward extension lengths of the pressure-limiting columns 5 are different), provide a squeezing force in the direction close to the tunnel inner wall for the large hard rock, and at the same time, also provide a limiting force for the exposed part of the large hard rock. Then, the fracturing driver 42 can be controlled to drive the bucket 4, so that the scraper plate 41 moves towards the pressure-limiting column 5. After the pressure-limiting column 5 contacts the large hard rock, a limiting force opposite to the movement direction of the scraper plate 41 is applied to it. Therefore, the movement of the scraper plate 41 will shear the exposed part of the large hard rock, which is conducive to the exposed part of the large hard rock to break and fall. At the same time, under the extrusion and limitation of the pressure-limiting column 5, the movement process of the scraper plate 41 will not affect the part of the large hard rock embedded in the surrounding strata, avoiding the loosening and falling of the large hard rock in the surrounding soft strata. Especially when the above situation is located at the upper position in the tunnel, it can effectively avoid construction accidents caused by the falling of the large hard rock and avoid tunnel collapse, improving the construction safety. Moreover, during the above construction process, the pressure-limiting column 5 always provides a limiting and squeezing force for the large hard rock. Therefore, even if the part of the large hard rock embedded in the surrounding soft strata becomes loose during the construction process, the traveling machine 1, the control arm 2, the mounting frame 3 and the pressure-limiting column 5 can be used to temporarily support the large hard rock for subsequent treatment.

[0033] It should be noted that the traveling machine 1 used in this embodiment is a common engineering vehicle in engineering construction, such as the body of a forklift, the body of an excavator, etc., and the control arm 2 is a common control device in engineering construction, such as the digging arm of an excavator. Therefore, this device preferably uses the structure of an excavator for improvement, but is not limited to using other construction machinery. Among them, to improve the control efficiency, the control arm 2 can be composed of various swing arms, telescopic arms, etc. There are two groups of control arms 2 and leveling components on the traveling machine 1. A swing driver 21 is arranged between the control arm 2 and the traveling machine 1. The swing driver 21 is used to drive the control arm 2 to swing left and right in the horizontal direction, so that the two groups of control arms 2 open or close. A swing driver 22 is arranged between the mounting frame 3 and the control arm 2. The swing driver 22 is used to drive the mounting frame 3 to swing left and right, so as to make the scraper plate 41 better fit the tunnel inner wall during actual adjustment. Both the swing driver 21 and the swing driver 22 can adopt common rotational drive devices in construction machinery, such as hydraulic motors. Since two groups of control arms 2 and leveling components are provided, during actual construction, the traveling machine 1 can be controlled to park in the middle of the tunnel, and then the two groups of control arms 2 are opened to both sides, referring to the attached Figure 2, thereby enabling the two groups of leveling components to respectively correspond to the inner walls on both sides of the tunnel. Then, the two groups of product components gradually carry out construction from the bottom upwards, thereby realizing the simultaneous construction of the two groups of leveling components to improve the construction efficiency.

[0034] At the same time, a discharge hole is provided in the bucket 4. For small pieces of rock, they can directly fall. For large pieces of rock, they can be temporarily retained in the bucket 4. By controlling the bucket 4 to be close to the ground, the large pieces of rock can be taken away, avoiding the impact on the construction site caused by the falling of large pieces of rock and reducing the construction risk. The mounting frame 3 can be designed as a large plate-like structure, and corresponding baffles are provided on both sides of the mounting frame 3. The two side baffles correspond to the two sides of the bucket 4. Thus, when leveling the upper part of the tunnel, the falling stones can be received, preventing large stones from falling and hitting the construction equipment and construction personnel, and further improving the safety of equipment construction. For the pressure-limiting column 5, in addition to being normally arranged perpendicular to the mounting frame 3, it can also be inclined to increase the component force in the direction close to the shovel plate 41, thereby increasing the limiting force. For example, referring to the attached Figure 4 , the pressure-limiting column 5 is inclined relative to the mounting frame 3, that is, the end of the pressure-limiting column 5 away from the mounting frame 3 is inclined towards the bucket 4.

[0035] In the above embodiment, for the case where the exposed area is relatively prominent and the stones in the exposed area are small, referring to the attached Figure 3 , the pressure-limiting column 5 and the bucket 4 can completely cover the exposed area of the large hard rock. However, when the exposed area of the above large hard rock is relatively large, it is difficult for the pressure-limiting column 5 and the bucket 4 to completely cover the exposed area of the large hard rock, thereby resulting in a poor covering and limiting effect of the pressure-limiting column 5 on the large hard rock, especially a poor separation effect on the large hard rock in the shearing direction relative to the shovel plate 41. Therefore, the crushing effect on the large hard rock is not good. For this reason, the present embodiment further improves the pressure-limiting column 5. Specifically, referring to the attached Figure 4The end of the pressure-limiting column 5 is set as an extrusion cone head 52, wherein all the pressure-limiting columns 5 can be set with the extrusion cone head 52, or only the top row, that is, the row of pressure-limiting columns 5 away from the shovel plate 41, can be set with the extrusion cone head 52, and the row of pressure-limiting columns 5 away from the shovel plate 41 is set with the extrusion cone head 52 as a flat cone structure, and the extrusion cone heads 52 of the remaining pressure-limiting columns 5 can be set as a conical structure. When the exposed area of the large hard rock is large, the pressure-limiting column 5 is first driven forward to make the extrusion cone head 52 contact the surface of the large hard rock to restrict it, and then the shovel plate 41 is driven to move to shear the edge of the large hard rock to cause cracks, and then the pressure-limiting column 5 is driven to continue to extrude the large hard rock, so that the extrusion cone head 52 is pressed into the rock, thereby causing cracks in the rock in another direction, thereby firstly breaking a part of the large hard rock, and then repeating the above operation on the remaining part, that is, the large hard rock with a large exposed area can be effectively processed.

[0036] It should be noted that the row of pressure-limiting columns 5 facing away from the shovel plate 41 is provided with an extrusion cone head 52 of a flat cone structure, the main purpose of which is to use this row of extrusion cone heads 52 to preferentially produce cracks in large hard rocks, and then cause them to fall off in blocks, while the remaining extrusion cone heads 52 use a conical structure, mainly to increase the contact extrusion and restriction of large hard rocks. If necessary, multiple pressure-limiting columns 5 can be synchronously driven for further extrusion to achieve a higher degree of rock crushing.

[0037] Furthermore, when the shovel plate 41 is initially sheared, it is not necessary to press the extrusion cone head 52 into a large piece of hard rock, especially when the exposed area is relatively small. At this time, it is not necessary to press the extrusion cone head 52 into a large piece of hard rock, and it is only necessary to contact and form extrusion. However, the above situation often occurs, which is easy to cause damage to the extrusion cone head 52. Therefore, in order to improve the service life of the extrusion cone head 52, this embodiment also provides the following technical solutions. For details, refer to the attached manual. Figures 4 to 6, a buffer sleeve rod 53 is slidably sleeved outside the pressure-limiting column 5. An elastic member is arranged between the buffer sleeve rod 53 and the pressure-limiting column 5. This elastic member is used to provide an elastic force to the buffer sleeve rod 53 in a direction away from the pressure-limiting column 5. This elastic member is preferably a spring. An activity sleeve 54 is installed at the end of the buffer sleeve rod 53. During actual use, first drive the pressure-limiting column 5 to extend forward, so that the activity sleeve 54 first contacts a large piece of hard rock, and the extrusion cone head 52 also contacts the large piece of hard rock, but does not press into the rock. At this time, since the buffer sleeve rod 53 and the activity sleeve 54 only have degrees of freedom in the length direction of the pressure-limiting column 5, therefore, an effective limiting force can be provided in the vertical direction, and there is no need for the extrusion cone head 52 to be overly stressed, protecting the extrusion cone head 52. Especially when facing a large piece of hard rock with a small exposed area, the main shear limiting force can be provided by means of the buffer sleeve rod 53 and the activity sleeve 54. When it is necessary to press the extrusion cone head 52 into the rock, only further driving pressure needs to be provided to the extrusion cone head 52, improving the service life of the equipment.

[0038] In the above-mentioned embodiment, a large amount of dust will be generated when scraping the inner wall of the tunnel, which poses a certain hazard to the construction workers. Therefore, in order to reduce the dust diffusion, the present embodiment also provides the following solution. A spray hole 542 is provided at the end of the activity sleeve 54. A nozzle is installed on the spray hole 542. The spray hole 542 is connected to a water supply system. This water supply system is used to make the spray hole 542 spray water flow to spray water and reduce dust in the planed area. At the same time, it can also effectively cool the shovel plate 41, improving the safety of the construction environment.

[0039] Furthermore, the activity sleeve 54 is slidably installed on the buffer sleeve rod 53. An elastic member is installed between the activity sleeve 54 and the buffer sleeve rod 53. This elastic member is preferably a spring. This elastic member is used to provide an elastic force to the activity sleeve 54 in a direction away from the buffer sleeve rod 53. A diversion cavity 531 is arranged in the buffer sleeve rod 53. The diversion cavity 531 is connected to an input docking pipe 534. The input docking pipe 534 is connected to the water supply system through a reversing valve. This water supply system includes a water tank and a water pump. A first diversion channel 532 is arranged inside the buffer sleeve rod 53. When the activity sleeve 54 is far away from the buffer sleeve rod 53, the spray hole 542 is communicated with the first diversion channel 532, thus realizing the docking of the water supply system and the spray hole 542, and then the water spraying operation can be carried out.

[0040] Furthermore, a flow injection hole 521 is provided inside the extrusion cone head 52. The flow injection hole 521 extends to the end of the extrusion cone head 52. The injection hole 542 is arranged in a dislocation manner with the first diversion channel 532. The movable sleeve 54 includes an end docking portion 5401 and an inner sleeve portion 5402. The end docking portion 5401 is arranged corresponding to the end of the buffer sleeve rod 53. The inner sleeve portion 5402 is slidably arranged in the area between the buffer sleeve rod 53 and the extrusion cone head 52. A second diversion channel 533 is provided on the first diversion channel 532. A docking channel 543 is provided in the area of the inner sleeve portion 5402 corresponding to the second diversion channel 533. A docking guide groove 522 is provided in the area of the extrusion cone head 52 corresponding to the second diversion channel 533. The docking guide groove 522 is communicated with the flow injection hole 521. When there is no extrusion state, the movable sleeve 54 moves away from the buffer sleeve rod 53 under the action of the elastic member, so that the end docking portion 5401 is separated from the end of the buffer sleeve rod 53, that is, a space is formed between the end docking portion 5401 and the first diversion channel 532. This space forms a passage between the first diversion channel 532 and the injection hole 542, that is, the injection hole 542 is docked with the water supply system. That is to say, when the pressure limiting column 5 is not required to limit the rock, the injection hole 542 is in a state of spraying water for dust reduction. When the movable sleeve 54 contacts the rock and the movable sleeve 54 approaches the buffer sleeve rod 53, that is, when the end docking portion 5401 contacts the end of the buffer sleeve rod 53, the end docking portion 5401 blocks the first diversion channel 532, that is, the passage between the injection hole 542 and the first diversion channel 532 is disconnected. At the same time, the second diversion channel 533 is docked with the docking channel 543. After the extrusion cone head 52 is driven to press into the rock to generate cracks, the docking guide groove 522 is docked with the docking channel 543, and then the flow injection hole 521 is docked with the water supply system. The water pump of the water supply system can adopt a high-pressure water pump, and then the high-pressure water flow can directly enter the rock cracks through the second diversion channel 533, the docking channel 543, the docking guide groove 522 and the flow injection hole 521 for liquid injection operation, forming a certain liquid pressure, forming a certain pressure boosting effect on the cracks, accelerating the crushing of the rock. At the same time, the water flows out through the inside of the extrusion cone head 52, and can also cool the extrusion cone head 52.

[0041] In addition, the input docking pipe 534 can also be connected to the hot oil supply system through a reversing valve. The hot oil supply system includes an oil heater and an oil pump structure. When encountering rocks that are difficult to break, the input docking pipe 534 can be docked with the hot oil supply system to make the end of the extrusion cone head 52 expand due to heat, improving the extrusion and crushing effect on the rock. When necessary, after injecting hot oil for a period of time to form a heating effect on the rock, it can be switched to Gongshu to wash the head through the reversing valve. At this time, the water supply system can provide low-temperature water to form a rapid cooling of the rock, making the rock become more brittle and easier to break.

[0042] Meanwhile, in order to improve the protection of the movable sleeve 54 and provide a corresponding sealing effect during liquid injection through the liquid injection hole 521, a buffer sealing cover 541 is fixedly installed on the movable sleeve 54. The buffer sealing cover 541 is preferably a rubber cover structure. When the movable sleeve 54 needs to contact the rock, the buffer sealing cover 541 is attached to the area near the corresponding extrusion cone head 52 of the rock, and after being strongly extruded, the pressure is transmitted to the rock, so that during liquid injection, the liquid pressure in the rock cracks can be relatively higher.

[0043] Based on the above solution, after the inner wall of the tunnel is leveled, wet shotcreting operations can be carried out to provide temporary support, which means spraying concrete onto the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock through the wet shotcreting process to provide immediate support, prevent the shedding of loose materials, and enhance the overall structural strength and stability of the tunnel. Before the wet shotcreting operation, corresponding steel arch frames need to be installed on the inner wall of the tunnel, and then the wet shotcreting operation is carried out on the inner wall of the tunnel. Since the wet shotcreting operation needs to be carried out layer by layer, the concrete in the area of the steel arch frame will be higher than the concrete in other areas. Therefore, to ensure the uniformity of the thickness of the final concrete layer, after each wet shotcreting operation, according to the actual situation, the concrete protruding at the steel arch frame and other areas caused by uneven spraying needs to be removed. At this time, the above-mentioned equipment can still be used for the leveling operation, that is, the bucket 4 is used to move along the steel arch frame 6 to scrape off the excess concrete.

[0044] Among them, in order to ensure the structural strength requirements of the scraper plate 41 and other structures for the product effect on hard structures such as rocks, the structural thickness is relatively large, and the control power of the operating arm 2 is relatively strong. Therefore, in order to avoid excessive leveling of the concrete and damage to the steel arch frame 6, the present embodiment also makes the following improvements to the scraper plate 41 and the bucket 4. Specifically, referring to the attached Figures 9 to 11 drawing, the scraper plate 41 and the bucket 4 are designed in a split type, that is, the scraper plate 41 is movably installed on the bucket 4, and one side of the scraper plate 41 corresponding to the bucket 4 is connected to the bucket 4 through an elastic connector 43. The elastic connector 43 is used to provide an elastic force for the scraper plate 41 away from the bucket 4. Specifically, the side of the scraper plate 41 close to the pressure limiting column 5 is the leveling cutting edge. The elastic connector 43 includes at least two elastic capsule structures, and the elastic capsule structures are respectively fixedly connected to the scraper plate 41 and the bucket 4. The two elastic capsules are respectively located at both ends of the scraper plate 41. In addition, the elastic capsule can also be used in combination with other structures such as springs and corresponding connecting rods for practical beauty. Then, during actual use, the elastic connector 43 can be used to provide a corresponding elastic force for the scraper plate 41. When scraping the concrete on the steel arch frame 6, even if the posture of the bucket 4 is not accurate enough during the operation, under the elastic buffering of the elastic connector 43, the scraper plate 41 can be closely attached to the steel arch frame 6 for operation (when operating, the scraper plate 41 spans at least two steel arch frames 6), so as to level the excess concrete protruding after the wet shotcreting.

[0045] Furthermore, the above elastic bladder can also be connected to an inflation and deflation system through an inflation docking pipe 431. During actual use, if the distance between the bucket 4 and the steel arch 6 is too large, the elastic bladder can be inflated to prompt the cutting plate 41 to move closer to the steel arch 6. During this process, multiple pressure sensors can be provided in both elastic bladders to determine the contact situation between the cutting plate 41 and the steel arch 6, and appropriate inflation and deflation adjustments can be made to the elastic bladder according to requirements. Especially when the equipment is planing the rock, the elastic bladder can be deflated, so that the cutting plate 41 can fit the bucket 4 as much as possible, reducing the effect of air movement.

[0046] It should be noted that in order to ensure that the bucket 4 can provide sufficient support force for the cutting plate 41 when planing the rock, a corresponding convex clamping structure is provided between the bucket 4 and the cutting plate 41 to ensure that the bucket 4 can provide an effective thrust to the cutting plate 41 when cutting the rock and ensure that the structure is not damaged.

[0047] In addition, a magnetic roller 44 is rotatably installed on one side of the cutting plate 41 corresponding to the steel arch 6, and multiple groups of magnet structures are arranged around the magnetic roller 44. Then, during actual use, under the magnetic attraction of the magnet structure and the steel arch 6, the cutting plate 41 can be preferentially brought closer to and fitted with the steel arch 6. On the side of the cutting plate 41 away from the pressure limiting column 5, an auxiliary scraping plate 45 is fixedly installed. The auxiliary scraping plate 45 is an elastic structure, such as a plastic plate, and the side of the auxiliary scraping plate 45 away from the cutting plate 41 is bent outward (i.e., bent towards the inner wall of the tunnel during operation), so as to be able to perform secondary scraping on the remaining concrete part on the surface of the steel arch 6.

[0048] It should be noted that by adopting the above equipment, the inner wall of the tunnel can be trimmed before wet shotcreting construction, and the excess concrete can be planed after wet shotcreting construction. And part of the input docking pipe 534 can also be connected to the air supply system through a reversing valve, that is, when scraping the concrete, the movable sleeve 54 in the area corresponding to the steel arch 6 is blown with air, and the air is blown to the excess concrete on the surface of the steel arch 6 to accelerate the detachment of the excess concrete, thereby greatly improving the functionality and practicality of the product equipment provided in this embodiment.

[0049] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction, characterized in that: Including a mobile machine (1), on which there is a control arm (2), the output end of the control arm (2) is equipped with a leveling assembly, the control arm (2) is used to drive the leveling assembly to move in the tunnel, the leveling assembly includes a mounting frame (3), the mounting frame (3) is installed at the output end of the control arm (2), a bucket (4) is slidably installed on the mounting frame (3), a shovel plate (41) is arranged on the bucket (4), and a fracturing driver (42) is arranged between the bucket (4) and the mounting frame (3), the fracturing driver (42) is used to drive the bucket (4) to linearly slide along the surface of the mounting frame (3); A pressure limiting column (5) is arranged at a position above the bucket (4) on the mounting frame (3), the pressure limiting column (5) is slidably installed on the mounting frame (3), a linear movement driver (51) is also installed on the mounting frame (3), the linear movement driver (51) is used to drive the pressure limiting column (5) to extend or retract, there are multiple groups of pressure limiting columns (5), and multiple groups of pressure limiting columns (5) are evenly distributed on the mounting frame (3).

2. The tunnel inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the control arm (2) and the leveling assembly on the mobile machine (1) are arranged in two groups, a swing driver (21) is arranged between the control arm (2) and the mobile machine (1), a rocking driver (22) is arranged between the mounting frame (3) and the control arm (2), and a discharge hole is arranged in the bucket (4).

3. The tunnel inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the pressure limiting column (5) away from the mounting frame (3) is inclined towards the bucket (4), the end of the pressure limiting column (5) is provided with an extrusion cone head (52), and the extrusion cone heads (52) on a row of pressure limiting columns (5) in the direction away from the shovel plate (41) are of flat cone structure.

4. The tunnel inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: A buffer sleeve rod (53) is slidably sleeved outside the pressure limiting column (5), an elastic member is arranged between the buffer sleeve rod (53) and the pressure limiting column (5), and this elastic member is used to provide a elastic force to the buffer sleeve rod (53) in a direction away from the pressure limiting column (5), an activity sleeve (54) is installed at the end of the buffer sleeve rod (53), and a buffer seal cover (541) is fixedly installed on the activity sleeve (54).

5. The tunnel inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the activity sleeve (54) is provided with a spray hole (542), a spray head is installed on the spray hole (542), the activity sleeve (54) is slidably installed on the buffer sleeve rod (53), an elastic member is installed between the activity sleeve (54) and the buffer sleeve rod (53), and this elastic member is used to provide a elastic force to the activity sleeve (54) in a direction away from the buffer sleeve rod (53), a diversion cavity (531) is arranged in the buffer sleeve rod (53), the diversion cavity (531) is connected with an input docking pipe (534), the input docking pipe (534) is connected to a water supply system through a reversing valve, a first diversion channel (532) is arranged inside the buffer sleeve rod (53), when the activity sleeve (54) is away from the buffer sleeve rod (53), the spray hole (542) is communicated with the first diversion channel (532).

6. The tunnel inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extrusion cone head (52) is provided with an injection hole (521) inside, the injection hole (521) extends to the end of the extrusion cone head (52), the injection hole (542) and the first flow guide channel (532) are arranged in a staggered manner, the movable sleeve (54) comprises an end docking portion (5401) and an inner sleeve portion (5402), the end docking portion (5401) is arranged corresponding to the port of the first flow guide channel (532), the inner sleeve portion (5402) is slidably arranged in the area between the buffer sleeve rod (53) and the extrusion cone head (52), the first flow guide channel (532) is provided with a second flow guide channel (533), the inner sleeve portion (5402) corresponds to the area of the second flow guide channel (533) A docking channel (543) is provided, and a docking guide groove (522) is provided in an area corresponding to the second flow guide channel (533) on the extrusion cone head (52), and the docking guide groove (522) is communicated with the injection hole (521); when the movable sleeve (54) is away from the buffer sleeve rod (53), a passage is formed between the first flow guide channel (532) and the injection hole (542), and the second flow guide channel (533) and the docking channel (543) are blocked by misalignment; when the movable sleeve (54) is close to the buffer sleeve rod (53), the end docking portion (5401) blocks the first flow guide channel (532), and the second flow guide channel (533), the docking channel (543) and the docking guide groove (522) are docked with each other.

7. A tunnel inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The input butt joint (534) is also connected to a hot oil supply system and an air supply system via a reversing valve. The hot oil supply system comprises an oil heater and an oil pump structure. The hot oil supply system is used to enable the injection hole (521) to output high-temperature oil. The air supply system comprises an air source and an air pump. The air supply system is used to enable the injection hole (542) to output high-pressure airflow.

8. The tunnel inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shovel plate (41) is movably mounted on the bucket (4); a side of the shovel plate (41) corresponding to the bucket (4) is connected to the bucket (4) via an elastic connector (43); the elastic connector (43) is used to provide an elastic force for the shovel plate (41) to move away from the bucket (4); and a side of the shovel plate (41) close to the pressure limiting column (5) is a flattened blade.

9. The tunneling inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The elastic connector (43) comprises at least two elastic sac structures, which are respectively fixedly connected to the shovel plate (41) and the bucket (4), and the two elastic sacs are respectively located at two ends of the shovel plate (41). The elastic sacs are also connected to the inflation and deflation system via an inflation butt pipe (431).

10. A tunnel inner wall leveling device for tunnel construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: A magnetic roller (44) is rotatably mounted on one side of the shovel plate (41) corresponding to the steel arch frame (6), and a plurality of groups of magnet structures are arranged around the magnetic roller (44). An auxiliary scraper (45) is fixedly mounted on the side of the shovel plate (41) facing away from the pressure limiting column (5), and the auxiliary scraper (45) is an elastic structure, and the auxiliary scraper (45) is bent outwardly on the side away from the shovel plate (41).

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