Protective material for building decorative plate and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a protective material for a building decorative plate and a construction method, and belongs to the technical field of building decorative plates. The protective material for the building decorative plate comprises a protective layer, a decorative layer, a sandwich layer and a back plate reinforcing layer, wherein the back plate reinforcing layer is used for being mounted on a wall mounting base surface; the protective layer is a nano silicon dioxide reinforced resin layer containing a nano cone array and a hydrophilic photocatalytic groove; the protective layer, the decorative layer, the sandwich layer and the back plate reinforcing layer are sequentially bonded to form an integral protective base plate, and a covered edge is arranged on the side face of the protective base plate and fixedly arranged on the side face of the protective base plate. The device has the advantages of being compact in structure, high in function integration degree and convenient and fast to install, the protection performance is improved through the multi-layer composite structure design, accurate installation and impact buffering are achieved through the adjustable connecting units, and the installation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building decoration materials, and particularly relates to a protective material for building decoration boards and a construction method, which are particularly applicable to the decoration scenarios of interior and exterior walls of buildings with high requirements for waterproofing, impact resistance, self-cleaning and installation convenience. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern society, various types of buildings have sprung up like mushrooms after rain, and the demand for decorative boards used on the building surface has been continuously increasing. Building decorative boards are materials laid or painted on the building surface to play a role in decorating and beautifying the environment. It is a material that combines materials, processes, shape design, and aesthetics, and is an important material basis for building decoration projects.

[0003] Common building decorative boards are usually material blocks formed by a polyurethane layer, a glass wool layer, a rock wool layer, a polystyrene board layer or any combination thereof. These conventional building boards mainly play the roles of waterproofing and heat preservation. The following technical problems exist in the actual application of existing building decorative boards: First, most traditional decorative boards are single-layer or simple composite structures, with easy surface contamination, poor wear and weather resistance. The sandwich layer lacks systematic waterproofing and pipeline embedding designs, and the connection part between the back panel and the wall is prone to deformation or detachment due to impact. Second, most existing connection structures are rigidly fixed, making it difficult to achieve fine adjustment of the installation position, and lacking a buffer design, which is prone to cracking when the wall is uneven or under external force impact. Third, functions such as protection, decoration, and structural support are independent of each other and need to be achieved through the combination of multiple components, resulting in a large self-weight of the board, complex construction and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a protective material for building decoration boards and a construction method. The present invention has the advantages of compact structure, high functional integration and convenient installation. The protection performance is improved through the multi-layer composite structure design, and precise installation and impact buffering are achieved through adjustable connection units.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A protective material for building decoration boards, comprising a protective layer, a decorative layer, a sandwich layer and a back panel reinforcement layer; Among them, the back panel reinforcement layer is used to be installed on the wall installation base surface; the protective layer is a nano-silica reinforced resin layer containing nano-cone arrays and hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves; The protective layer, the decorative layer, the sandwich layer and the back panel reinforcement layer are adhesively bonded in sequence to form an integral protective substrate, and a side edge is provided on the side surface of the protective substrate, and the side edge is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the protective substrate.

[0006] In an embodiment disclosed by the present invention, the sandwich layer is a composite layer of honeycomb aluminum with embedded pipelines and an elastomer filler. A sealing coating is provided on the surface of the honeycomb aluminum core of the sandwich layer. The elastomer filler is ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM). The thickness of the sandwich layer is 8 - 10 mm, and the width of the embedded pipeline is 4 - 6 mm, and the depth is 2 - 4 mm.

[0007] In an embodiment disclosed by the present invention, the height of the nano - cone array is 4 - 6 μm. Titanium dioxide microparticles with a particle size of 150 - 250 nm are loaded in the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove. The thickness of the protective layer is 0.2 - 0.5 mm.

[0008] In an embodiment disclosed by the present invention, the back - plate reinforcement layer includes a bottom plate and a number of support units. The support units are composed of a number of aluminum profile columns spliced together. The height of the aluminum profile is 2 - 3 mm.

[0009] In an embodiment disclosed by the present invention, an impact - resistant functional layer is provided between the back - plate reinforcement layer and the sandwich layer. The impact - resistant functional layer includes a rigid support layer, a core buffer layer, and a base contact layer that are sequentially adhered.

[0010] In an embodiment disclosed by the present invention, the rigid support layer is a glass fiber - reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane layer with a thickness of 0.4 - 0.6 mm; the core buffer layer is a composite layer of closed - cell foamed polyethylene and honeycomb - shaped nitrile rubber with a thickness of 3 - 5 mm; the base contact layer is an ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymer layer with a thickness of 1 - 3 mm, and anti - slip lines are provided on the surface.

[0011] In an embodiment disclosed by the present invention, the integral protective substrate is connected to the wall through a connection unit. The connection unit includes a connection column. The connection column is provided on the back - plate reinforcement layer, and the connection unit is connected to the wall.

[0012] In an embodiment disclosed by the present invention, the connection unit further includes a guide rod, a guide sleeve, a spring, a connecting rod, and a connection base; the guide rod is fixedly installed on the connection column. A limiting portion is provided in the middle of the guide rod. Springs are provided on both the upper side and the lower side of the limiting portion on the guide rod. The guide sleeve is slidably arranged on the guide rod, and the spring is located between the guide sleeve and the limiting portion. Each guide sleeve is hinged with the connecting rod, and the side of the connecting rod away from the guide sleeve is hinged with the connection base. The connection base is used for fixedly connecting to the wall; a countersunk hole is provided on the edge, and a connection bolt for connecting to the wall is provided in the countersunk hole. The installation of the protective substrate is realized through the connection bolt.

[0013] In addition, the present invention also provides a construction method for a protective material for building decorative plates, including using the protective material for building decorative plates as described above; The specific usage steps are as follows: Step 1: Fix and install the connection base on the wall, and set installation holes on the wall. Step 2: Install a threaded sleeve in the installation hole, pass the connection bolt through the protective substrate and then cooperate with the threaded sleeve, rotate the connection bolt to make the whole protective substrate close to the wall, so that the spring is compressed, realizing the adjustment of the position of the protective substrate and improving the buffering effect.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention is mainly composed of a protective layer, a decorative layer, a sandwich layer and a backplane reinforcement layer. The four-layer composite structure forms an integral substrate, enhancing the mechanical integrity. Under the action of the edge binding, the edge of the integral protective substrate is fixed to avoid the risk of delamination; at the same time, the side edge binding strengthens the edge sealing, preventing moisture / dust from invading the interlayer gap and extending the service life; the setting of the nano-cone array and the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove has both the functions of hydrophobic self-cleaning and photocatalytic decomposition of pollutants, reducing the accumulation of surface stains. Description of the Drawings

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the connection bolt and the edge binding of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the usage state of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Partial enlarged schematic diagram at position A.

[0020] Reference Numerals: 101 Protective layer, 102 Decorative layer, 103 Sandwich layer, 104 Backplane reinforcement layer, 105 Wall, 106 Edge binding, 107 Protective substrate, 108 Connection unit, 109 Connection column, 110 Guide rod, 111 Guide sleeve, 112 Spring, 113 Link rod, 114 Connection base, 115 Limiting part, 116 Countersunk hole, 117 Connection bolt, 118 Installation hole, 119 Upper limiting block, 120 Lower limiting block, 121 Card slot, 122 Protrusion, 123 Threaded sleeve. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] In the following text, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the accompanying drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "length", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0024] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the fact that the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely means that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely means that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0026] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the embodiments of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment discloses a protective material for building decorative plates, including a protective layer 101, a decorative layer 102, a sandwich layer 103, and a backplate reinforcement layer 104; Among them, the backplate reinforcement layer 104 is used to be installed on the installation base surface of the wall 105; the protective layer 101 is a nano-silica reinforced resin layer containing nano-cone arrays and hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves; The protective layer 101, the decorative layer 102, the sandwich layer 103, and the backplate reinforcement layer 104 are sequentially bonded to form an integral protective substrate 107. A wrap-around edge 106 is provided on the side surface of the protective substrate 107, and the wrap-around edge 106 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the protective substrate 107.

[0029] Among them, the height of the nano-cone array is 4-6 μm, the hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves are loaded with titanium dioxide microparticles with a particle size of 150-250 nm, and the thickness of the protective layer 101 is 0.2-0.5 mm. The hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves are loaded with 150-250 nm titanium dioxide microparticles. Utilizing the quantum size effect of nanoparticles, when the particle size < 300 nm, the band gap width is broadened, enhancing the absorption efficiency of visible light; after testing, the catalytic efficiency is increased by 30% under 365 nm ultraviolet light. The hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves increase the surface area of the photocatalytic reaction, achieving the dual decontamination purposes of self-cleaning and photocatalytic degradation.

[0030] In this embodiment, the height of the nano-cone array is 5 μm, the hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves are loaded with titanium dioxide microparticles with a particle size of 200 nm, and the thickness of the protective layer 101 is 0.3 mm. By regulating the surface roughness, the contact angle < 90 is made to form a hydrophilic surface, and when rainwater spreads into a film on the surface of the plate, it can carry dust particles and slide off. Among them, the sandwich layer 103 is a composite layer of honeycomb aluminum with embedded pipes and an elastomer filler. The surface of the honeycomb aluminum core of the sandwich layer 103 is provided with a sealed coating. The elastomer filler is ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM). The thickness of the sandwich layer 103 is 8-10 mm, and the width of the embedded pipe is 4-6 mm and the depth is 2-4 mm.

[0031] In this embodiment, the elastomeric filler is ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, the thickness of the sandwich layer 103 is 9 mm, the width of the embedded pipeline is 5 mm, and the depth is 3 mm.

[0032] In this embodiment, the protective layer 101 is made of nano-silica reinforced resin containing nano-cone arrays and hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves. The surface roughness of the nano-cone arrays is used to achieve a micron-scale three-dimensional structure and construct a physical barrier, which can effectively reduce the probability of pollutant adhesion. The photocatalytic components loaded in the hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves generate hydroxyl radicals under light illumination, and decompose organic pollutants through photocatalytic reactions. Combining with the high-strength characteristics of nano-silica, the protective layer 101 has multiple properties such as anti-fouling self-cleaning, wear resistance, and weather resistance.

[0033] At the same time, the sandwich layer 103 and the backplane reinforcement layer 104 form an integral structure by layer-by-layer bonding. The backplane reinforcement layer 104 serves as the installation base surface to provide rigid support; the sandwich layer 103 realizes lightweight and function integration; the edge wrapping 106 structure physically fixes and seals the side of the board to prevent moisture and impurities from invading from the edge, improving the overall sealing performance and structural durability, and is suitable for complex building environments such as humid and highly polluted areas.

[0034] The honeycomb aluminum core uses a bionic honeycomb structure to achieve the maximum stiffness with the minimum mass. Its density is only 1 / 3 of that of steel, and the strength can reach 3 times that of plates with the same thickness. The surface sealing film isolates the elastomeric filler from the external environment to prevent the aging and failure of EPDM rubber.

[0035] The EPDM rubber elastomer fills the honeycomb holes and absorbs the external impact energy through the high elasticity of the material to reduce the vibration response of the board.

[0036] The embedded pipeline provides a concealed installation space for building pipelines, such as wires and water pipes, without damaging the mechanical properties of the honeycomb structure, realizing the integration of decoration and function; the pipeline size is optimized by finite element analysis to ensure the compressive strength of the sandwich layer 103 while improving the convenience of pipeline installation.

[0037] In this embodiment, the hexagonal cell lattice (side length 2 - 3 mm) of the honeycomb aluminum core forms a natural mechanical support structure. Verified by ANSYS simulation, when bearing a uniform load of 50 kPa; the embedded pipeline is arranged along the axis of the honeycomb cell lattice, and the hollow characteristics of the aluminum core are used to realize pipeline penetration. Compared with the traditional board later drilling process, the construction efficiency is increased by 60%, and the overall strength of the board is avoided from being damaged, especially suitable for the rapid installation requirements of prefabricated buildings.

[0038] In this embodiment, the side length of the hexagonal cell lattice of the honeycomb aluminum core is 1.5 mm.

[0039] In practical applications, holes corresponding to the embedded pipeline are provided on the side of the edge wrapping 106.

[0040] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is further optimized based on Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the backplane strengthening layer 104 includes a bottom plate and a number of support units. The support units are composed of a number of aluminum profile columns spliced together, and the height of the aluminum profile is 2 - 3 mm.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the height of the aluminum profile is 2.5 mm.

[0042] In some preferred embodiments, the height of the aluminum profile is 2 mm or 3 mm.

[0043] In this embodiment, the backplane strengthening layer 104 adopts a combined structure of a bottom plate and an aluminum profile support unit to achieve the purpose of lattice support. It is spliced in an equilateral triangle array with a spacing of 13 mm; a three-dimensional support network is formed. After pressure testing, when the plate bears an 800 N concentrated load, the deflection of the backplane is < 1.5 mm, and the support stiffness is increased by 2 times compared with the traditional flat backplane.

[0044] At the same time, while controlling the height of the aluminum profile to ensure the support strength, it avoids excessive increase in the thickness of the plate. The overall thickness ≤ 15 mm, which adapts to the installation space of the existing building wall surface, and the aluminum profile is recyclable.

[0045] Furthermore, in some preferred embodiments, an impact-proof functional layer is provided between the backplane strengthening layer 104 and the sandwich layer 103. The impact-proof functional layer includes a rigid support layer, a core buffer layer, and a base contact layer that are sequentially adhered.

[0046] Among them, the rigid support layer is a glass fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane layer with a thickness of 0.4 - 0.6 mm; the core buffer layer is a composite layer of closed-cell foamed polyethylene and honeycomb-shaped nitrile rubber with a thickness of 3 - 5 mm; the base contact layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer with a thickness of 1 - 3 mm, and anti-slip patterns are provided on the surface.

[0047] During specific implementation, the thickness of the rigid support layer is 0.5 mm, the thickness of the core buffer layer is 4 mm, and the base contact layer is 2 mm. The rigid support layer undertakes the impact load transmitted by the sandwich layer 103 and converts the concentrated force into a uniform force through elastic deformation; the core buffer layer uses the porous structure of the closed-cell foamed polyethylene to absorb high-frequency vibration energy with a density of 30 - 50 kg / m³; the honeycomb-shaped nitrile rubber has a pore diameter of 0.5 - 1 mm and dissipates low-frequency impact energy through the movement of rubber molecular chain segments; after testing, the combination of the two increases the impact absorption efficiency to more than 75%.

[0048] The anti-slip patterns provided on the surface, with a depth of 0.3 - 0.5 mm, are used to increase the friction coefficient with the wall 105, prevent the plate from slipping, and at the same time serve as a stress transition layer, making the interfacial stress distribution more uniform.

[0049] In this embodiment, the depth of the surface anti-slip pattern is 0.4 mm.

[0050] Among them, the anti-slip pattern is specifically a diamond pattern with a spacing of 2 mm.

[0051] Furthermore, in some preferred embodiments, in the glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane layer, 30% of the glass fiber is arranged longitudinally along the plate; after testing, the tensile strength ≥ 50 MPa and the elastic modulus ≥ 1.2 GPa, meeting the requirements of rigid support.

[0052] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. In this embodiment, the integral protection substrate 107 is connected to the wall 105 through the connection unit 108. The connection unit 108 includes a connection column 109. The connection column 109 is arranged on the backplane reinforcement layer 104, and the connection unit 108 is connected to the wall 105.

[0053] The connection column 109 is used to connect with the wall 105. The diameter of the connection column 109 is 8 - 10 mm, preferably 9 mm in this embodiment. The rigid connection between the protection substrate 107 and the connection unit 108 is realized by bolt fixation.

[0054] In some preferred embodiments, the diameter of the connection column 109 is 8 mm or 10 mm.

[0055] Embodiment 4: Refer to Figures 1-4 , this embodiment is further optimized on the basis of Embodiment 3. In this embodiment, the connection unit 108 further includes a guide rod 110, a guide sleeve 111, a spring 112, a connecting rod 113, and a connection base 114.

[0056] In practical applications, multiple connection units 108 can be set according to the size of the protection substrate 107.

[0057] Among them, the guide rod 110 is fixedly installed on the connection column 109. A limiting portion 115 is provided in the middle of the guide rod 110. Springs 112 are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the guide rod 110 above the limiting portion 115. The guide sleeve 111 is slidably arranged on the guide rod 110. The spring 112 is located between the guide sleeve 111 and the limiting portion 115. Each guide sleeve 111 is hinged with the connecting rod 113. The side of the connecting rod 113 away from the guide sleeve 111 is hinged with the connection base 114. The connection base 114 is used for fixed connection with the wall 105.

[0058] A countersunk hole 116 is provided on the edge 106. A connection bolt 117 for connecting with the wall 105 is arranged in the countersunk hole 116. The installation of the protection substrate 107 is realized through the connection bolt.

[0059] The spring 112 forms an elastic support between the guide sleeve 111 and the limit portion 115. When the sheet material is subjected to a lateral impact, the spring 112 is compressed and deformed. In practical applications, controlling the compression deformation of the spring 112 to be 5 - 8 mm can effectively absorb more than 50% of the impact energy. After testing, compared with rigid connection, the vibration response amplitude is reduced by 60%. At the same time, the use of the countersunk hole 116 and the connection bolt 117 in cooperation can hide the installation components, keep the surface of the sheet material flat, and at the same time, through the connection bolt with a pitch of 1.5 mm, a position fine adjustment with an accuracy of 0.1 mm can be achieved, enabling the installation of the protective substrate 107 when the wall 105 is uneven.

[0060] In this embodiment, the spring 112 is compressed and deformed by 6 mm.

[0061] In some preferred embodiments, the spring 112 is compressed and deformed by 5 mm, or 8 mm.

[0062] The specific construction method is as follows: Step 1: Fix the connection base 114 on the wall 105 and set the installation hole 118 on the wall 105. Step 2: Install the threaded sleeve 123 in the installation hole 118, pass the connection bolt 117 through the protective substrate 107 and then cooperate with the threaded sleeve 123, and rotate the connection bolt 117 to make the whole protective substrate 107 close to the wall 105, so that the spring 112 is compressed, realizing the adjustment of the position of the protective substrate 107 and improving the buffering effect.

[0063] In this embodiment, through the preloading of the threaded sleeve 123, the connection bolt 117 and the spring 112, precise control and performance optimization of the installation process are realized. Driven by the rotation of the connection bolt 117, the feed per revolution is 1.5 mm, making the pre-compression amount of the spring 112 controllable and ensuring the pre-pressure. The buffering mechanism of the spring 112 continuously compensates for the slight deformation of the wall 105 during long-term use, avoiding the problem of sheet cracking caused by traditional rigid connection and effectively extending the service life.

[0064] Furthermore, during installation, since the connection base 114 needs to be installed on the wall 105, but the line of sight is blocked by the protective substrate 107, it is inconvenient to install the connection base 114, resulting in a reduction in installation efficiency. Therefore, in some preferred implementation cases, upper limit blocks 119 and lower limit blocks 120 are provided on the wall 105, and clamping grooves 121 are provided on the opposite sides of the upper limit blocks 119 and the lower limit blocks 120, and a protrusion 122 cooperating with the clamping groove 121 is provided on the connection base 114.

[0065] In traditional installation, the connection base 114 needs to be accurately positioned in the area of the wall 105 blocked by the protective substrate 107, relying on manual visual alignment, which is inefficient and error-prone.

[0066] This embodiment transforms abstract spatial positioning into intuitive mechanical matching through the matching structure of the slot 121 and the protrusion 122. When installing, you only need to install the upper limit block 119 and the lower limit block 120 first, and then align the protrusion 122 of the connection base 114 with the slot 121 of the upper limit block 119 and the lower limit block 120 installed on the wall 105, so that you can achieve rapid alignment through physical contact feedback, completely getting rid of the dependence on line of sight transparency. Even in a small space, high-altitude operation or complex scenes where the board is blocked, construction workers can complete positioning only by feel or simple tools, significantly improving installation efficiency. After testing, the installation time of a single board is shortened by 40%-60%.

[0067] In this embodiment, the slots 121 of the upper limit block 119 and the lower limit block 120 form horizontal and vertical bidirectional positioning constraints with the protrusion 122 of the connecting base 114, and the slots 121 produce lateral limitations on the protrusion 122 to prevent the connecting base 114 from shifting left and right; after rotating the connecting bolt 117, under the action of the spring 112, the protrusion 122 and the slots 121 are tightly matched, achieving buffering while preventing it from falling off.

[0068] When the position of the plate is subsequently adjusted by connecting bolt 117, the positioned protrusion 122 and the slot 121 structure are equivalent to providing an initial guide fulcrum. When the connecting screw rotates, the spring 112 is compressed to avoid the connecting bolt 117 from getting stuck or stress concentration due to the tilt of the connecting base 114. The rigid support of the limit block reduces the shaking of the plate during the adjustment process, making the compression of the spring 112 uniform and controllable, ultimately maximizing the effectiveness of the buffer mechanism and reducing the difficulty of construction personnel in controlling the bolt torque.

[0069] The fixing method of the limit block and the wall 105 (such as expansion bolts, adhesives) can be flexibly adjusted according to the base material (concrete, aerated bricks, steel structure), and the size of the protrusion 122 connecting the base 114 remains uniform, which is suitable for the standardized construction of prefabricated buildings, can reduce the on-site measurement and layout time, and is compatible with the installation requirements of prefabricated walls 105 and cast-in-place walls 105.

[0070] Furthermore, in some preferred implementation cases, the cone top of the nanocone array is loaded with titanium dioxide particles, and the cone bottom extends to the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove to form a gradient structure; the depth of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 8-10 μm, and the inclination angle of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove sidewall is 15°-30°.

[0071] Furthermore, the depth of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 9 μm, and the inclination angle of the side wall of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 20°.

[0072] Furthermore, in some preferred embodiments, the depth of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 8 μm, and the inclination angle of the side wall of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 15°.

[0073] As an alternative, in some preferred embodiments, the depth of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 10 μm, and the inclination angle of the side wall of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 20°. In this embodiment, the conical top catalyzes and decomposes pollution while achieving the purpose of guiding and flushing the groove, effectively improving the self-cleaning efficiency, enhancing the water flow directivity, reducing the risk of particle shedding, and effectively solving the problem of performance decline during long-term use in the prior art.

[0074] Further, in some preferred implementation cases, the edge banding uses a shape memory polymer material, including a polycaprolactone matrix, carbon nanotubes, and hydrophobic silica; when the environmental humidity > 80%, the shrinkage rate of the edge banding is 8%. This can automatically shrink when the humidity > 80%, improving the sealing performance; the carbon nanotubes enhance the strength of the edge banding and prevent deformation; this embodiment intelligently responds to environmental changes, solves the pain point of edge leakage in high-humidity areas, and reduces manual maintenance.

[0075] Further, in some preferred implementation cases, a microencapsulated repair agent is added to the sealing envelope. The microencapsulated repair agent includes a polyurethane shell and an epoxy resin core, with a particle size of 5 - 10 μm and an addition amount of 3 - 5 wt% of the weight of the sealing envelope; in this embodiment, the particle size is preferably 8 μm and the addition amount is 4 wt% of the weight of the sealing envelope. In actual applications, it can automatically repair when microcracks appear, extend the service life of the sandwich layer, and is especially suitable for harsh environments with large temperature differences and frequent vibrations; the self-repair technology in this embodiment is introduced into the sandwich layer of building boards, significantly improving the durability of the material and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0076] In some preferred embodiments, the particle size of the polyurethane shell and the epoxy resin core is 5 μm, and the addition amount is 3 wt% of the weight of the sealing envelope.

[0077] Further, in some preferred embodiments, the particle size of the polyurethane shell and the epoxy resin core is 10 μm, and the addition amount is 5 wt% of the weight of the sealing envelope.

[0078] Example 5 is basically the same as Example 1, except that in this example, the height of the nano-cone array is 4 μm, the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is loaded with titanium dioxide particles with a particle size of 150 nm, the thickness of the protective layer 101 is 0.2 mm, the thickness of the sandwich layer 103 is 8 mm, the width of the embedded pipe is 4 mm and the depth is 2 mm, and the side length of the hexagonal cell of the honeycomb aluminum core is 2 mm.

[0079] Example 6 is basically the same as Example 1, except that in this example, the height of the nano-cone array is 6 μm, the hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves are loaded with titanium dioxide particles with a particle size of 250 nm, the thickness of the protective layer 101 is 0.5 mm, the thickness of the sandwich layer 103 is 10 mm, the width of the embedded pipeline is 6 mm, the depth is 4 mm, and the side length of the hexagonal cell of the honeycomb aluminum core is 3 mm.

[0080] Example 7 is basically the same as Example 2, except that the backplane reinforcement layer 104 adopts a combined structure of a bottom plate and an aluminum profile support unit to achieve the purpose of lattice support. It is spliced in an equilateral triangle array with a spacing of 10 mm, the thickness of the rigid support layer is 0.4 mm; the thickness of the core buffer layer is 3 mm; the thickness of the base contact layer is 1 mm, and the depth of the surface anti-slip pattern is 0.3 mm.

[0081] Example 8 is basically the same as Example 2, except that the backplane reinforcement layer 104 adopts a combined structure of a bottom plate and an aluminum profile support unit to achieve the purpose of lattice support. It is spliced in an equilateral triangle array with a spacing of 15 mm, the thickness of the rigid support layer is 0.6 mm; the thickness of the core buffer layer is 5 mm; the thickness of the base contact layer is 3 mm, and the depth of the surface anti-slip pattern is 0.5 mm.

[0082] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications once they know the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0083] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective material for building decorative plates, characterized in that: It includes a protective layer, a decorative layer, a sandwich layer, and a backplane reinforcement layer; Among them, the backplane reinforcement layer is used to be installed on the wall installation base surface; the protective layer is a nano-silica reinforced resin layer containing nano-cone arrays and hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves; The protective layer, the decorative layer, the sandwich layer, and the backplane reinforcement layer are adhesively bonded in sequence to form an integral protective substrate. A wrapping edge is arranged on the side surface of the protective substrate, and the wrapping edge is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the protective substrate.

2. The protective material for architectural decorative plates according to claim 1, wherein: The height of the nano-cone arrays is 4 - 6 μm, titanium dioxide microparticles with a particle size of 150 - 250 nm are loaded in the hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves, and the thickness of the protective layer is 0.2 - 0.5 mm.

3. The protective material for building decorative plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sandwich layer is a composite layer of honeycomb aluminum with embedded pipelines and an elastomer filler.

4. The protective material for building decorative plates according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing envelope is arranged on the surface of the honeycomb aluminum core body of the sandwich layer. The elastomer filler is ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM). The thickness of the sandwich layer is 8 - 10 mm, and the width of the embedded pipeline is 4 - 6 mm and the depth is 2 - 4 mm.

5. The protective material for building decorative plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backplane reinforcement layer includes a bottom plate and several support units. The support units are composed of several aluminum profile columns spliced together, and the height of the aluminum profile is 2 - 3 mm.

6. The protective material for building decorative plates according to claim 1, wherein: An impact-proof functional layer is arranged between the backplane reinforcement layer and the sandwich layer. The impact-proof functional layer includes a rigid support layer, a core buffer layer, and a base contact layer that are sequentially laminated.

7. The protective material for building decorative boards according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rigid support layer is a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane layer with a thickness of 0.4 - 0.6 mm; the core buffer layer is a composite layer of closed-cell foamed polyethylene and honeycomb-shaped nitrile rubber with a thickness of 3 - 5 mm; the base contact layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer with a thickness of 1 - 3 mm, and anti-slip patterns are arranged on the surface.

8. A protective material for building decorative plates according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The integral protective substrate is connected to the wall through a connection unit. The connection unit includes a connection column. The connection column is arranged on the backplane reinforcement layer, and the connection unit is connected to the wall.

9. The protective material for building decorative plates according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connection unit further includes a guide rod, a guide sleeve, a spring, a connecting rod, and a connection base; Among them, the guide rod is fixedly installed on the connection column. A limiting part is arranged in the middle of the guide rod. Springs are arranged on both the upper side and the lower side of the limiting part on the guide rod. The guide sleeve is slidably arranged on the guide rod, and the spring is located between the guide sleeve and the limiting part. Each guide sleeve is hinged with the connecting rod, and the side of the connecting rod away from the guide sleeve is hinged with the connection base. The connection base is used for fixed connection with the wall; Counterbore holes are arranged on the wrapping edge, and connection bolts for connecting with the wall are arranged in the counterbore holes. The installation of the protective substrate is realized through the connection bolts.

10. A construction method of a protective material for building decorative plates, characterized in that: It includes the protective material for building decorative plates described in any one of claims 1 - 9; The specific usage steps are as follows: Step 1: Fix the connection base on the wall and set installation holes on the wall; Step 2: Install a threaded sleeve in the installation hole, pass the connection bolt through the protective substrate and cooperate with the threaded sleeve, and rotate the connection bolt to make the whole protective substrate approach the wall, so that the spring is compressed, realizing the adjustment of the position of the protective substrate and improving the buffering effect.

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