Rail rupture disk and rupture method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of rupture discs, and particularly relates to a rupture disc with a rail and a rupture method.The rupture disc with the rail comprises partition rupture discs, a sliding block and a connecting rod; the partition rupture disk comprises a plurality of supporting structures and diaphragms arranged on the supporting structures. The sliding block is used for being arranged in the pressure relief pipe wall in a sliding mode in the flowing direction of high-pressure fluid. One connecting rod abuts against or is fixedly arranged on each diaphragm, and the other end of each connecting rod is fixedly connected with the sliding block. The invention provides the rupture disk with the rail, and the rupture disk is designed into a partitioned multi-diaphragm form; and a traditional tearing process is replaced by synchronous rupture of a plurality of diaphragms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of rupture disks, and particularly relates to a rail-type rupture disk and a blasting method. Background Art

[0002] Rupture disks have the characteristics of high pressure bearing and rapid opening under ultimate load, and are widely used in many fields such as aerospace engineering and pressure vessels. The existing rupture disks can be divided into three types according to the structural form: flat type, positive arch type, and reverse arch type. In addition, in order to achieve stable regulation of the bursting pressure, gaps or grooves are usually prefabricated on the rupture disk to guide the rupture of the rupture disk.

[0003] However, for ultra-large diameter rupture disks, such as those with a diameter above 200 mm (usually below 40 mm directly), there are challenges in the rapid rupture, complete rupture, and no fragment splashing of the rupture disk, and the current designs cannot effectively solve these problems. For example, (1) when the diameter of the rupture disk is large, the tearing rupture time increases from local cracking to overall opening, which does not meet the characteristic requirements of rapid release of the rupture disk; (2) when the rupture process is slow, the high-pressure gas / liquid may only complete the discharge through local rupture and will not form a large-diameter rapid release, which does not conform to the design purpose of the large-diameter rupture disk; (3) in addition, when the size of the rupture disk is large, it is easier to form small fragments flying away than small-sized rupture disks, which may cause serious safety problems and does not meet the application requirements of the rupture disk. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rail-type rupture disk with a multi-partition diaphragm that can complete the rupture of all partition diaphragms in a short time and a blasting method.

[0005] The present invention provides a rail-type rupture disk, which includes a partition rupture disk, a slider, and a connecting rod; The partition rupture disk includes a plurality of support structures and diaphragms arranged on each support structure; The slider is used to slide along the direction of high-pressure fluid flow and is arranged inside the pressure relief pipe wall; One connecting rod is abutted or fixedly arranged on each diaphragm, and the other ends of all the connecting rods are fixedly connected to the slider. Furthermore, the slider is arranged upstream of the diaphragm in the direction of high-pressure fluid flow; A flow-through structure is arranged on the slider, and the high-pressure fluid passes through the flow-through structure and acts on a plurality of diaphragms through the slider.

[0006] Furthermore, the side wall of the slider is in linear sliding fit with the pressure relief pipe wall; The middle of the slider is a hollow skeleton structure, and the hollow forms the flow-through structure.

[0007] Furthermore, at least a part of the flow structure is arranged corresponding to the diaphragm.

[0008] Furthermore, the slider is arranged downstream of the diaphragm in the direction of the high-pressure fluid flow; The connecting rod is fixedly connected to the diaphragm.

[0009] Furthermore, when the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the diaphragm, the connecting rod and the diaphragm are connected by a bolt fastener.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting rod abuts against or is fixed in the central area of the diaphragm.

[0011] Furthermore, the diaphragm is a positive arch type, a flat type or a reverse arch type.

[0012] Furthermore, the support structure includes an enclosing hole, and the outside of the diaphragm is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the enclosing hole.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for bursting a rail-mounted rupture disc, using the above rail-mounted rupture disc, including the following steps: When the pressure in the pressure relief pipe wall reaches the set upper limit, one or more diaphragms will first deform or rupture in the downstream direction of the high-pressure fluid. During the deformation or rupture process, the connecting rod will be driven to move. The one or more connecting rods will drive the slider and the remaining connecting rods to move synchronously, so that all diaphragms will deform or rupture, and all diaphragms will be ruptured within a set time period; After one or more diaphragms rupture, the high-pressure fluid will push the slider to move downstream, and all the connecting rods will move synchronously, so that all the diaphragms will be further deformed, promoting their rupture, and all the diaphragms will be ruptured within a set time period.

[0014] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the partition rupture disc of the present invention is composed of multiple diaphragms, and the slider and multiple connecting rods are a rigid whole. When a certain connecting rod moves, it will surely drive other connecting rods to move. That is to say, when a certain or multiple diaphragms first deform, then the acting force of this first deformation will be transmitted to other diaphragms, promoting other diaphragms to deform synchronously with it. At the same time, after a certain or multiple diaphragms rupture, the instantaneous flow of the high-pressure fluid will drive the slider to continue moving downstream, resulting in further increased deformation of other diaphragms, which is beneficial to the rupture of other diaphragms, and finally all diaphragms are ruptured within a very short time.

[0015] That is, the present invention proposes a rail-mounted rupture disc, and its rupture disc is designed in the form of multiple partition diaphragms; the synchronous rupture of multiple diaphragms replaces the traditional tearing process. Description of the Drawings Appendix Figure 1This is a schematic structural diagram of the slider of the present invention when the partition rupture disk is in the upstream direction of the high-pressure fluid and the diaphragm is a positive-arch type; Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the slider of the present invention when the partition rupture disk is in the upstream direction of the high-pressure fluid and the diaphragm is a flat type; Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the slider of the present invention when the partition rupture disk is in the upstream direction of the high-pressure fluid and the diaphragm is an inverse-arch type; Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the slider of the present invention when the partition rupture disk is in the downstream direction of the high-pressure fluid and the diaphragm is a positive-arch type; Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the slider of the present invention when the partition rupture disk is in the downstream direction of the high-pressure fluid and the diaphragm is a flat type; Appendix Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the slider of the present invention when the partition rupture disk is in the downstream direction of the high-pressure fluid and the diaphragm is an inverse-arch type.

[0016] In the figure, 1 - partition rupture disk; 11 - support structure; 12 - diaphragm; 2 - slider; 3 - connecting rod; 4 - pressure relief pipe wall; 5 - high-pressure fluid. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, then the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0019] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0020] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "connection" and "fixation" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a physical connection, or a wireless communication connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0022] As shown in the Figure 1 - attached Figure 6 drawing, the present invention provides a rail-mounted rupture disc, which includes a partition rupture disc 1, a slider 2, and a connecting rod 3; The partition rupture disc 1 includes a plurality of support structures 11 and diaphragms 12 arranged on each support structure 11; and a plurality of diaphragms 12 are in the same plane to form a large-sized integral rupture disc, that is, an extra-large diameter rupture disc can be formed by combining a plurality of small-sized diaphragms 12, such as a rupture disc with a diameter above 200 mm (usually below 40 mm directly), to meet the installation requirements of the pressure relief pipe wall 4 with a large diameter and high flux and high pressure; of course, the size of the diaphragm 12 can also be a micro size, and a plurality of micro-sized diaphragms 12 combined still form a small-sized diameter rupture disc (for example, below 40 mm). At this time, the micro-sized diaphragms 12 can be fully utilized.

[0023] The slider 2 is used to slide along the flow direction of the high-pressure fluid 5 in the pressure relief pipe wall 4, that is, the slider 2 and the pressure relief pipe wall 4 form a guide rail-slider structure; of course, a guide rail slidably matched with the slider 2 can also be arranged on the pressure relief pipe wall 4.

[0024] One connecting rod 3 is abutted or fixedly arranged on each diaphragm 12, and the other ends of all the connecting rods 3 are fixedly connected to the slider 2.

[0025] When the pressure in the pressure relief pipe wall 4 reaches the set upper limit, one or more diaphragms 12 will first deform or rupture in the downstream direction of the high-pressure fluid 5. During the deformation or rupture process, the connecting rod 3 will be driven to move, and the one or more connecting rods 3 will drive the slider 2 and the remaining connecting rods 3 to move synchronously, causing all the diaphragms 12 to deform or rupture, so that all the diaphragms 12 are ruptured within a set time period; After one or more diaphragms 12 rupture, the high-pressure fluid 5 will push the slider 2 to move in the downstream direction, and all the connecting rods 3 will move synchronously, causing all the diaphragms 12 to deform further and promoting their rupture, so as to achieve the rupture of all the diaphragms 12 within a set time period.

[0026] That is, the rail-type rupture disc provided by the present invention is mainly aimed at the rapid discharge requirements of high-pressure gas / liquid with large diameter and large flux on the basis of the traditional rupture disc design, such as the pneumatic ejection of ultra-high-tonnage projectiles, the ultra-rapid blowing of liquid in water tanks and other scenarios.

[0027] Theoretically, as long as the ultimate deformation critical values of all the diaphragms 12 are the same (i.e., the failure strengths are the same), all the diaphragms 12 will fail synchronously, and rapid rupture of the large-diameter rupture disc can be achieved. However, in practice, there are always certain differences in the processing accuracy and material uniformity of the diaphragms 12 in each partition. Under the same deformation conditions, the problem of rupture sequence may occur. When one diaphragm 12 ruptures, the instantaneous pressure drop mainly affects the corresponding area of this diaphragm 12 and does not directly affect the pressure state of other diaphragms 12, thus resulting in the phenomenon that only local diaphragms 12 rupture. At this time, the high-pressure fluid 5 only completes the discharge through the locally ruptured diaphragms 12 and does not form a large-caliber rapid release, which does not meet the purpose of the large-diameter rupture disc design. The present invention can well solve the above problems by designing the slider 2 and the connecting rods 3. Specifically, the partition rupture disc 1 is composed of a plurality of diaphragms 12, and the slider 2 and the plurality of connecting rods 3 are a rigid whole. When a certain connecting rod 3 moves, it will surely drive the other connecting rods 3 to move. That is to say, when one or more diaphragms 12 are deformed first, the acting force of this first deformation will be transmitted to the other diaphragms 12, promoting the other diaphragms 12 to deform synchronously with it. At the same time, when one or more diaphragms 12 rupture, the instantaneous flow of the high-pressure fluid 5 will drive the slider 2 to continue moving downstream, resulting in further increased deformation of the other diaphragms 12, which is beneficial to the rupture of the other diaphragms 12, and finally all the diaphragms 12 are ruptured within a very short time.

[0028] That is, the present invention proposes a rail-type rupture disc, and its rupture disc is designed in the form of a partitioned multi-piece diaphragm 12; the synchronous rupture of multiple diaphragms 12 replaces the traditional tearing process. Refer to the appendix Figure 1 - appendix Figure 3 In one embodiment, the slider 2 is arranged upstream of the diaphragm 12 in the flow direction of the high-pressure fluid 5, that is, the slider 2 and the connecting rods 3 are arranged inside the pressure relief pipe wall 4, and before the pressure relief of the pressure relief pipe wall 4, the slider 2 and the connecting rods 3 are always immersed in the high-pressure fluid 5; At this time, since the slider 2 needs to fix the connecting rod 3, the main structure of the slider 2 is arranged within the cross-sectional range of the pressure relief pipe wall 4. At this time, a flow-through structure is provided on the main structure of the slider 2 for the high-pressure fluid 5 to act on a plurality of diaphragms 12. The high-pressure fluid 5 passes through the slider 2 through the flow-through structure and acts on a plurality of diaphragms 12.

[0029] In this embodiment, after one or more of the diaphragms 12 are ruptured, the high-pressure fluid 5 will flow during the outflow through the ruptured diaphragm 12. The flowing high-pressure fluid 5 will drive the slider 2 to continue to move downstream, causing the deformation of other diaphragms 12 to further increase, which is beneficial to the rupture of other diaphragms 12, and finally all the diaphragms 12 are ruptured within a very short time.

[0030] In this embodiment, the connecting rod 3 and the diaphragm 12 are in abutting contact or fixedly connected. Preferably, the fixed connection method is adopted. At this time, the connecting rod 3 can also be used to retain the fragments of the ruptured diaphragm 12 within the pressure relief pipe wall 4, which can reduce the area of the torn fragments (because some areas are connected and fixed), and effectively prevent some areas of the diaphragm 12 from detaching / flying. Specifically, according to the traditional bursting disc rupture test data, multiple fragments are often formed after the bursting disc ruptures, and the fragments may detach and fly under the action of the high-pressure fluid 5, posing a greater safety threat. In the present invention, the diaphragm 12 is connected to the slider 2 through the connecting rod 3. On the one hand, the area of the torn fragments is reduced, and on the other hand, it effectively prevents some areas of the diaphragm 12 from detaching / flying. When the connecting rod 3 is connected to the central area of the diaphragm 12, the central area of the diaphragm 12 is connected to the slider 2 in the present invention. On the one hand, the area of the torn fragments is reduced (because the central area is connected and fixed), and on the other hand, it effectively prevents the central area that is most likely to fly from detaching / flying.

[0031] In addition, since the slider 2 is arranged upstream of the diaphragm 12 in the flow direction of the high-pressure fluid 5, after all the diaphragms 12 are ruptured, the support structure 11 can prevent the slider 2, the connecting rod 3, and the fragments of the diaphragm 12 on the connecting rod 3 from detaching from the pressure relief pipe wall 4, thereby improving the safety of the belt-guided bursting disc.

[0032] In this embodiment, the side wall of the slider 2 is in linear sliding fit with the pressure relief pipe wall 4, which can simplify the installation difficulty, without excessive modification of the pressure relief pipe wall 4 (no need to set a guide rail), and reduce the use cost; The middle of the slider 2 is a hollow skeleton structure, and the hollow forms the flow-through structure. At this time, it can not only ensure the simple structure of the slider 2, which is easy to produce and process, but also ensure the flow area of the flow-through structure.

[0033] In this embodiment, at least part of the flow structure is arranged corresponding to the diaphragm 12, that is, part of the flow structure is arranged staggered with the support structure 11. This arrangement can prevent the support structure 11 from blocking all the flow structures after all the diaphragms 12 are broken, thus causing blockage of the pressure relief pipe wall 4. Preferably, all the flow structures correspond to the positions of the diaphragms 12 one by one, which can increase the flow area on the basis of ensuring the structural strength of the slider 2.

[0034] Refer to the appendix Figure 4 - appendix Figure 6 In one of the embodiments, the slider 2 is arranged downstream of the diaphragm 12 in the flow direction of the high-pressure fluid 5, that is, the slider 2 and the connecting rod 3 are arranged outside the pressure relief pipe wall 4. Before the pressure relief pipe wall 4 relieves pressure, the slider 2 and the connecting rod 3 are not in contact with the high-pressure fluid 5. At this time, the connecting rod 3 is fixedly connected to the diaphragm 12. After one or more of the diaphragms 12 are broken, the high-pressure fluid 5 flows out through the broken diaphragm 12 and impacts the slider 2. The outflowing high-pressure fluid 5 will drive the slider 2 to continue moving downstream, causing further deformation of other diaphragms 12 to increase, which is beneficial to the rupture of other diaphragms 12, and finally all the diaphragms 12 are completely broken in a very short time.

[0035] In this embodiment, a flow structure can be arranged on the slider 2. At this time, a limiting structure can be arranged inside the pressure relief pipe wall 4 to limit the slider 2 and the connecting rod 3 from being washed away from the pressure relief pipe wall 4. Of course, a flow structure can also not be arranged on the slider 2. When no flow structure is arranged, the slider 2 and the connecting rod 3 can finally be washed away from the pressure relief pipe wall 4 by the high-pressure fluid 5 to ensure the normal flow of the pressure relief pipe wall 4 and ensure that the slider 2 does not significantly affect the flow of the high-pressure fluid 5, that is, does not affect the rapid pressure relief process of the high-pressure fluid 5.

[0036] In one of the embodiments, when the connecting rod 3 is fixedly connected to the diaphragm 12, the connecting rod 3 and the diaphragm 12 are connected by a bolt fastener. In this embodiment, the connection between the connecting rod 3 and the diaphragm 12 uses a mechanical thread connection instead of welding, which can avoid the problem of the decrease in the rupture accuracy of the diaphragm 12 caused by welding. Preferably, a small hole can be reserved in the central area of the diaphragm 12, and a screw hole is arranged at the end of the connecting rod 3. The diaphragm 12 and the connecting rod 3 are connected by screwing a bolt through the small hole and the screw hole.

[0037] In one of the preferred embodiments, the connecting rod 3 abuts against or is fixed to the central area of the diaphragm 12. This arrangement can make the central area of the diaphragm 12 the first area to be deformed or broken, ensuring the deformation effect of the diaphragm 12.

[0038] In one embodiment, the diaphragm 12 is of a positive arch type, flat type or reverse arch type. That is, the rail-mounted rupture disc of the present invention can be adapted to various types of diaphragms 12, with strong adaptability. That is, for rupture discs of positive arch type, flat type and reverse arch type, in the case of a relatively large diameter, they can all be modified by the present invention. The specific structure of the diaphragm 12 can be selected according to actual needs.

[0039] In one embodiment, the support structure 11 includes an enclosing hole, and the outer side of the diaphragm 12 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the enclosing hole. Such an arrangement can ensure the sealing performance of the diaphragm 12. The enclosing hole can be a round hole or a regular polygon hole. When it is a regular polygon hole, all the support structures 11 can enclose to form a honeycomb structure.

[0040] The present invention also provides a method for bursting a rail-mounted rupture disc, using the above-mentioned rail-mounted rupture disc, which includes the following steps: When the pressure in the pressure relief pipe wall 4 reaches the set upper limit, one or more diaphragms 12 will first deform or rupture in the downstream direction of the high-pressure fluid 5. During the deformation or rupture process, the connecting rod 3 will be driven to move. The one or more connecting rods 3 will drive the slider 2 and the remaining connecting rods 3 to move synchronously, causing all the diaphragms 12 to deform or rupture, so that all the diaphragms 12 complete rupture within a set time period; After one or more diaphragms 12 rupture, the high-pressure fluid 5 will push the slider 2 to move in the downstream direction, and all the connecting rods 3 will move synchronously, causing all the diaphragms 12 to further deform and promoting their rupture, so that all the diaphragms 12 complete rupture within a set time period.

[0041] The above is only this embodiment and does not impose any limitation on the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can make many possible changes, modifications or equivalents to the technical solution of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail-mounted rupture disc, characterized in that, It includes a partition rupture disk (1), a slider (2) and a connecting rod (3); The partition rupture disk (1) includes a plurality of support structures (11) and diaphragms (12) provided on each support structure (11); The slider (2) is used to slide along the flow direction of the high-pressure fluid (5) and is arranged inside the pressure relief pipe wall (4); One connecting rod (3) is abutted or fixedly arranged on each diaphragm (12), and the other ends of all the connecting rods (3) are fixedly connected to the slider (2).

2. The rail-mounted rupture disc according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slider (2) is arranged upstream of the diaphragms (12) in the flow direction of the high-pressure fluid (5); A flow-through structure is arranged on the slider (2), and the high-pressure fluid (5) passes through the slider (2) through the flow-through structure and acts on a plurality of diaphragms (12).

3. The rail-mounted rupture disc according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side wall of the slider (2) is in linear sliding fit with the pressure relief pipe wall (4); The middle of the slider (2) is a hollow skeleton structure, and the hollow forms the flow-through structure.

4. The rail-mounted rupture disc according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least part of the flow-through structure is arranged corresponding to the diaphragms (12).

5. The rail-mounted rupture disc according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slider (2) is arranged downstream of the diaphragms (12) in the flow direction of the high-pressure fluid (5); The connecting rod (3) is fixedly connected to the diaphragm (12).

6. The rail-mounted rupture disc according to claim 1, characterized in that, in When the connecting rod (3) is fixedly connected to the diaphragm (12), the connecting rod (3) and the diaphragm (12) are connected by a bolt fastener.

7. The rail-mounted rupture disc according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (3) is abutted or fixed in the central area of the diaphragm (12).

8. The rail-mounted rupture disc according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The diaphragm (12) is of a positive arch type, a flat type or a reverse arch type.

9. The rail-mounted rupture disc according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The support structure (11) includes an enclosing hole, and the outside of the diaphragm (12) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the enclosing hole.

10. A method for bursting a rupture disc with a rail, characterized in that Using the rail-type rupture disk according to any one of claims 1-9, includes the following steps: When the pressure inside the pressure relief pipe wall (4) reaches the set upper limit, one or more diaphragms (12) will first deform or rupture in the downstream direction of the high-pressure fluid (5). During the deformation or rupture process, the connecting rod (3) will be driven to move. The one or more connecting rods (3) will drive the slider (2) and the remaining connecting rods (3) to move synchronously, causing all the diaphragms (12) to deform or rupture, so that all the diaphragms (12) complete rupture within a set time period; After one or more diaphragms (12) rupture, the high-pressure fluid (5) will push the slider (2) to move in the downstream direction, and all the connecting rods (3) will move synchronously, causing all the diaphragms (12) to further deform and promoting their rupture, so that all the diaphragms (12) complete rupture within a set time period.

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