Preparation method of IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of an IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor, and relates to a fiber-based membrane sensor. A solution taking a perfluorosulfonic polymer (Nafion) as a main component is electrospun into a fiber shape through an electrostatic spinning technology, an ion migration channel is optimized through an ion solution soaking process, and then metal electrodes are compounded on the two sides of a fiber-based membrane to form the flexible ion sensor. Component blending and structure preparation technologies of the fiber-based membrane are integrated, the proton conductivity, the ion exchange capacity and the water absorption rate of the membrane are improved, and the membrane has certain flexibility, so that the adaptive capacity of a sensor to the environment is enhanced, the output performance is improved, and the membrane has important practical application significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a novel fiber-based membrane sensor, in particular to a preparation method of a fiber-based membrane flexible ion sensor using perfluorosulfonic acid-based polymer (Nafion) as the main component. This sensor can be widely applied in the fields of environmental monitoring, health detection, smart wearable devices, and energy harvesting. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of sensor technology, especially in the fields of intelligent systems, environmental monitoring, and energy harvesting, traditional sensor materials have gradually exposed problems such as large structural rigidity and poor adaptability. Ion-based flexible sensors (IPMCs) have become a research hotspot in recent years due to their good flexibility, responsiveness, and deformability. However, most existing IPMC sensors rely on rigid membrane materials that are not suitable for changing environments, resulting in limitations in their electrical performance and adaptability. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of flexible ion sensor material that has both high conductivity and can adapt to different environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of a new IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor, which overcomes the problems of insufficient flexibility and ion conductivity in the prior art, and solves the problems of poor adaptability and low output performance of the sensor. This method uses electrospinning technology with perfluorosulfonic acid-based polymer (Nafion) as the main component to prepare a fiber membrane with good proton conductivity, ion exchange capacity, and water absorption rate, thereby improving the responsiveness and adaptability of the sensor.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a preparation method of an IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor, comprising the following steps:

[0006] 1) Preparation of electrospinning solution: Mix PEO solid powder with Nafion solution and form a homogeneous solution through mechanical stirring;

[0007] 2) Electrospinning: Use an electrospinning device to electrospin the solution in step 1) into a nanofiber membrane;

[0008] 3) Immersion in ion solution: Immerse the nanofiber membrane obtained in step 2) in an ion solution to activate the ion exchange function of the membrane and form a membrane with good ion exchange performance;

[0009] 4) Attachment of metal electrodes: Attach metal electrodes on both sides of the nanofiber membrane to complete the preparation of the sensor.

[0010] In step 1), the mass ratio of the PEO solid powder to the Nafion solution can be 0.1% - 5%; the PEO solid powder adopts the ultra-high molecular weight type (5 million) to reduce the influence of impurities on the performance of the Nafion membrane. The mechanical stirring can be carried out at 150 - 300 rpm for 6 - 12 h.

[0011] In step 2), the voltage range of the electrospinning equipment is 3 kV - 4 kV, the liquid supply speed of the injection pump is 100 - 200 μl / h, the working liquid supply volume is 2 ml, the platform moving speed is 5 - 10 mm / min, and the moving spacing is 10 - 15 mm; preferably, the liquid supply speed of the injection pump is 150 μl / h, the working liquid supply volume is 2 ml, the platform moving speed is 6 mm / min, and the moving spacing is 12 mm.

[0012] In step 3), the soaking time of the ionic solution is 8 - 24 h; the ionic solution can be LiCl, NaCl, etc.

[0013] In step 4), the metal electrode can be a metal foil, which is pasted on both sides of the fiber membrane to form a capacitive sensor structure.

[0014] The present invention provides an IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor prepared by the above preparation method.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects obtained by the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0016] The present invention realizes the continuous electrospinning forming of the Nafion-based fiber membrane, breaking through the ion channel limitation of the traditional casting process; through precise doping of PEO, balancing fiber forming and ion transport efficiency; the combined use of gradient ion activation and interface strengthening technology realizes a performance leap. The sensor membrane material of the present invention has high ionic conductivity, excellent flexibility and good environmental adaptability, and has significant advantages in the sensing application of IPMC. The sensor has excellent flexibility, is suitable for smart wearable devices, and can fit the human body to monitor signals; it has strong environmental adaptability and can work stably under extreme temperature and humidity and complex chemical environments, meeting the requirements of harsh scenarios such as aerospace and deep-sea exploration. It can be widely applied in many fields such as environmental monitoring and health detection; reducing the use cost and improving the detection efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a process schematic diagram of the preparation method of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a product diagram of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer and more distinct, the following further elaborates on the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Conventional means can be adopted if not otherwise specified.

[0020] See Figure 1 , the present invention provides a preparation method for a fiber-based membrane IPMC ion flexible sensor, including the preparation of an electrospinning solution, electrospinning the solution into nanofibers by an electrospinning machine and collecting them with a roller, soaking the collected fiber membrane in an ionic solution, and finally fabricating the sensor.

[0021] See Figure 2 , the present invention adopts a capacitive sensor structure, and a sensor is fabricated by pasting metal electrodes on both sides of the fiber-based membrane.

[0022] In the present invention, the specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0023] The first step is to prepare the electrospinning solution: Use a precision electronic balance to weigh 16 mg of PEO solid powder and 4 g of Nafion membrane solution respectively, and place them in a plastic volumetric bottle; at the same time, measure 1.7 ml of deionized water and absolute ethanol, and pour them into the plastic bottle to form a Nafion solution by mixing. Finally, place the mixed Nafion solution on a magnetic particle stirrer, set the rotation speed to 150 rpm, and stir mechanically to fully mix the PEO and Nafion molecules. After mixing, reserve the prepared solution for use; among them, the PEO solid powder adopts the ultra-high molecular weight type (5 million) to reduce its influence on the performance of the Nafion fiber membrane as an impurity.

[0024] The second step is to spin fibers using electrospinning equipment: Use a syringe to suck 2 ml of Nafion solution, assemble a disposable dispensing needle at the front end, install it on a precision micro-injection pump and lock it, and turn on the injection pump to continuously supply liquid. Turn on the DC high-voltage power supply, adjust the output voltage until the fibers are stably produced, turn on the reciprocating movement of the moving platform and collect them with a roller.

[0025] Among them, the syringe is a 2.5 ml standard syringe.

[0026] Among them, the parameters of the precision micro-injection pump are set as the liquid supply speed of 150 μl / h and the working liquid supply volume of 2 ml.

[0027] Among them, after the ground wire terminal of the high-voltage power supply is grounded, it is connected to the surface of the roller, and the output terminal is connected to a disposable dispensing needle with an inner diameter of 0.1 mm, and the voltage adjustment range is 3 - 4 kV.

[0028] Among them, the platform moving speed is 6 mm / min and the moving spacing is 12 mm.

[0029] Among them, the surface of the drum needs to be evenly wrapped with aluminum foil paper without obvious wrinkles on the surface to ensure the flatness of the fiber membrane.

[0030] The third step is to soak in the ionic solution and prepare the sensor: Cut the fiber membrane into the required size and soak it in a petri dish containing the ionic solution. After soaking for a sufficient period of time, take it out and paste metal electrodes on both sides to make the sensor.

[0031] Among them, the excess water on the surface needs to be removed after soaking.

[0032] The IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor prepared by the above embodiments has high ionic conductivity, good flexibility and environmental adaptability after testing, verifying the effectiveness and practicality of the preparation method of the present invention.

[0033] The present invention integrates the component formulation and structure preparation technologies of the fiber-based membrane, improves the proton conductivity, ion exchange capacity and water absorption rate of the membrane, and has a certain flexibility, enabling the sensor to enhance its environmental adaptability and improve its output performance, which has important practical application significance in actual production.

[0034] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the application of the present invention shall still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of an IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor, characterized in that It includes the following steps: 1) Preparation of electrospinning solution: Mix PEO solid powder with Nafion solution and form a homogeneous solution by mechanical stirring; 2) Electrospinning: Use an electrospinning device to electrospin the solution in step 1) into a nanofiber membrane; 3) Immersion in ionic solution: Immerse the nanofiber membrane obtained in step 2) in an ionic solution to activate the ion exchange function of the membrane and make it form a membrane with good ion exchange performance; 4) Attachment of metal electrodes: Attach metal electrodes on both sides of the nanofiber membrane to complete the preparation of the sensor.

2. The preparation method of an IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 1), the mass ratio of the PEO solid powder to the Nafion solution is 0.1% - 5%.

3. The preparation method of an IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 1), the PEO solid powder adopts the ultra-high molecular weight type to reduce the influence of impurities on the performance of the Nafion membrane.

4. The preparation method of an IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor according to claim 1, wherein In step 1), the mechanical stirring is carried out at 150 - 300 rpm for 6 - 12 h.

5. The preparation method of an IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 2), the voltage range of the electrospinning device is 3 kV - 4 kV, the liquid supply speed of the injection pump is 100 - 200 μl / h, the working liquid supply volume is 2 ml, the platform moving speed is 5 - 10 mm / min, and the moving spacing is 10 - 15 mm.

6. The preparation method of an IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor as described in claim 5, characterized in that The liquid supply speed of the injection pump is 150 μL / h, the working liquid supply volume is 2 ml, the platform moving speed is 6 mm / min, and the moving spacing is 12 mm.

7. The preparation method of an IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor according to claim 1, wherein In step 3), the immersion time of the ionic solution is 8 - 24 h.

8. The preparation method of an IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 3), the ionic solution is LiCl or NaCl.

9. The preparation method of an IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor according to claim 1, wherein In step 4), the metal electrode is a metal foil, which is attached to both sides of the fiber membrane to form a capacitive sensor structure.

10. An IPMC fiber-based membrane ion flexible sensor prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 - 9.

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