Aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device and testing method

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device and a testing method, and particularly relates to the technical field of piston testing, the aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device comprises a box body, a driving assembly and a temperature control assembly are arranged in the box body, and the driving assembly comprises two lifting parts which are symmetrically distributed and a rotating part which drives the lifting parts to rotate; the temperature control assembly is used for alternately conveying the piston samples to a heating area and a cooling area, the temperature control assembly comprises a heating part and a cooling part which are symmetrically arranged, and the cooling part is composed of an air cooling mechanism and a liquid storage cylinder which are contrasted up and down. Compared with traditional testing equipment, two piston samples can be processed through one-time testing, the testing period is remarkably shortened, the testing cost is reduced, the overall testing efficiency is improved, and the limitation problems that an existing fatigue testing machine is simple in structure, low in efficiency, high in cost, long in period and the like are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of piston testing, and more specifically, to an aluminum alloy piston material property testing device and a testing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cast piston alloys play a crucial role in power equipment. Cast pistons have a small coefficient of thermal expansion, good volume stability, can reduce the piston-cylinder clearance, and withstand high temperature, high pressure, and complex stress environments. With the continuous improvement of engine power and fuel efficiency, higher requirements are put forward for the high-temperature stability and thermal fatigue performance of piston aluminum alloys. In order to meet the continuously upgraded engine technical requirements, the research and improvement of cast aluminum alloy pistons have always been a hot topic in the industry.

[0003] At higher service temperatures, the erosion of high-pressure gas on the piston surface is more severe, and the requirements for the thermal expansion performance and high-temperature anti-friction performance of the piston are also more stringent. The fatigue safety of the piston directly affects its service life. When studying the fatigue safety of the piston, a fatigue testing machine is required. The current fatigue testing machines on the market have the problem of simple structure. Their design only supports step-by-step heating and cooling operations for a single piston, and cannot achieve the synchronization of the two. This defect directly leads to low test efficiency, not only increasing the test cost but also prolonging the test cycle, making such equipment face great limitations in practical applications.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes an aluminum alloy piston material property testing device and a testing method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides an aluminum alloy piston material property testing device and a testing method, by setting a driving component and a temperature control component to solve the problems proposed in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An aluminum alloy piston material property testing device, including a box body: A driving component and a temperature control component are arranged in the box body; The driving component includes two symmetrically distributed lifting parts and a rotating part for driving their rotation, and is used to alternately transport the piston sample to the heating area and the cooling area; The temperature control component includes a symmetrically arranged heating part and a cooling part, and the cooling part is composed of an air-cooling mechanism and a liquid storage cylinder in an up-and-down correspondence.

[0007] Preferably, the rotating part includes a turntable and a stepping motor, and the center of the turntable is fixed to the output end of the stepping motor for driving the two lifting parts to rotate alternately.

[0008] Preferably, the lifting part includes an electric telescopic rod installed on the turntable, and its top is connected to the clamping mechanism through a fixing ring. The clamping mechanism includes an elastic plate with an inclined surface structure for adaptively clamping the piston sample.

[0009] Preferably, the heating part is an annular induction coil, which is arranged around the heating area; The air-cooling mechanism of the cooling part is a multi-directional jet array, which is located directly above the liquid storage cylinder and is used for forced convection cooling of the upper part of the piston sample.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder is connected to a liquid changing mechanism. The liquid changing mechanism includes a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid outlet pipe, a water pump and an electromagnetic valve for realizing automatic replacement of the coolant.

[0011] Preferably, a partition is provided in the box body. It is made of heat-insulating material and divides the box body into independent heating area and cooling area.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature control component further includes a first temperature measurement part and a second temperature measurement part, which respectively monitor the temperature of the piston sample in the heating area and the cooling area in real time through infrared sensors and form a closed-loop feedback with the control component.

[0013] Preferably, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are respectively communicated with the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder, and the inlet end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected to an external coolant circulation system, and the outlet end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected to a waste liquid recovery device.

[0014] Preferably, two symmetrically distributed cover plates are provided on the top of the box body for taking and placing the piston sample, and a maintenance opening is provided on the side wall of the box body.

[0015] A test method for testing a piston by an aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device includes the following steps: S1. The control component drives the clamping mechanism under the cover plate. After opening the cover, two piston samples are placed, and then one of them is driven to the heating area and the other to the cooling area; S2. The control component starts the heating part and the cooling part, and they respectively operate on the piston samples in the two areas. The first temperature measurement part and the second temperature measurement part measure the temperature and feedback it to the control component; S3. When the temperature reaches the standard, the control component drives the piston samples to exchange areas. The air-cooling mechanism and the coolant cooperate to cool the heated piston sample, and then alternately heat and cool the two piston samples; S4. After circulating to the set number of times, the control component drives to take out the two piston samples and analyze the surface to evaluate the performance.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention: 1. The present invention effectively simulates the actual operating conditions of the piston in the engine by cyclically heating and cooling the piston sample, providing strong support for researchers to deeply explore the fatigue safety of piston products. At the same time, this technology also helps to reveal the high-temperature creep characteristics, durability performance and crack arrest mechanism of the new aluminum-silicon alloy under high temperature and long-term dynamic load. In addition, the present invention also correlates and studies the relationship between the heat treatment process of the cast piston and its fatigue performance, establishes a key technology system for the heat treatment of high-strength and tough pistons, lays a foundation for the development of high-reliability, high-strength and heat-resistant aluminum piston products, and shows broad application prospects in the fields of power equipment and so on.

[0017] 2. The design of the driving component is introduced in the present invention, realizing a significant improvement in the test efficiency. This driving component can synchronously perform cyclic tests of heating and cooling on two piston samples. Compared with traditional test equipment, two piston samples can be processed in a single test, significantly shortening the test cycle, reducing the test cost, and improving the overall test efficiency. This design effectively overcomes the limitations of the existing fatigue testing machine, such as simple structure, low efficiency, high cost, and long cycle.

[0018] 3. The liquid changing mechanism set in the present invention further optimizes the test process of the piston sample. The liquid changing mechanism can automatically replace the cooling liquid in the liquid storage cylinder, effectively avoiding the problem that the temperature of the cooling liquid rises due to excessive circulation times, thereby affecting the cooling speed of the subsequent piston sample. By timely and automatically replacing the cooling liquid, it ensures that the cooling liquid in the liquid storage cylinder always maintains excellent cooling performance, thus improving the test efficiency of the piston sample and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view sectional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a left view sectional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a right view sectional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a top view sectional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a right view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] The reference numerals are: 1. Housing 2. Driving assembly; 201. Rotating part; 2011. Turntable; 2012. Stepping motor; 202. Lifting part; 2021. Electric telescopic rod; 2022. Fixed ring; 2023. Connecting plate 3. Temperature control assembly; 301. Heating part; 302. Cooling part; 3021. Air cooling mechanism; 3022. Liquid storage cylinder; 303. First temperature measuring part; 304. Second temperature measuring part 4. Clamping mechanism; 401. Support plate; 402. Elastic plate 5. Liquid changing mechanism; 501. Liquid inlet pipe; 502. Liquid outlet pipe; 503. Water pump; 504. Solenoid valve 6. Cover plate 7. Maintenance opening 8. Partition board 9. Piston sample Detailed implementation manners

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a device for testing the material properties of an aluminum alloy piston in an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 1, as well as a driving assembly 2 and a temperature control assembly 3.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the driving assembly 2 includes a rotating part 201 and a lifting part 202. The lifting parts 202 are provided in two and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rotating part 201. The lifting part 202 is used to load the piston sample 9 and drive it to move up and down; Combining Figure 5 As shown, the temperature control assembly 3 includes a symmetrically arranged heating part 301 and a cooling part 302. The heating part 301 is used to heat the piston sample 9 transported by the driving assembly 2 to the highest test temperature. The cooling part 302 includes an air cooling mechanism 3021 and a liquid storage cylinder 3022 arranged in an up-and-down comparison. The air cooling mechanism 3021 and the liquid storage cylinder 3022 are used to cool the piston sample 9 transported by the driving assembly 2 to the lowest test temperature.

[0030] Specifically, the heating unit 301 can be set as a ring-shaped induction coil, which is arranged around the heating area. The piston sample 9 is placed inside the ring-shaped induction coil. After the ring-shaped induction coil is powered on, it can heat the piston sample 9. The air-cooling mechanism 3021 of the cooling unit 302 is a multi-directional jet array, which is located directly above the liquid storage cylinder 3022 and is used for forced convection cooling of the upper part of the piston sample 9.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the rotating part 201 includes a turntable 2011 and a stepping motor 2012. The center of the turntable 2011 is fixed to the output end of the stepping motor 2012 and is used to drive the two lifting parts 202 to rotate alternately.

[0032] It should be noted that the stepping motor 2012 is a prior art and can achieve precise angular rotation through the control component. Therefore, its specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the lifting part 202 includes an electric telescopic rod 2021 arranged on the turntable 2011. A fixed ring 2022 is provided at the top of the electric telescopic rod 2021. Two symmetrically distributed connecting plates 2023 are provided on the fixed ring 2022. A clamping mechanism 4 is provided between the two connecting plates 2023.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 3 As shown, the clamping mechanism 4 includes a support plate 401 fixed to the two connecting plates 2023. Two symmetrically distributed elastic plates 402 are provided on the support plate 401. The top of the elastic plate 402 is provided with an inclined surface structure for adaptively clamping the piston sample 9.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, two symmetrically distributed cover plates 6 are provided on the top of the box body 1 for taking and placing the piston sample 9. An inspection opening 7 is provided on the side wall of the box body 1.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 4 As shown, the temperature control component 3 further includes a first temperature measurement part 303 and a second temperature measurement part 304. The first temperature measurement part 303 is used to measure the temperature of the piston sample 9 during heating, and the second temperature measurement part 304 is used to measure the temperature of the piston sample 9 during cooling, so that the temperature of the piston sample 9 during the test meets the test conditions; a control component is also provided inside the box body 1, and the control component is used to control the operation of the driving component 2 and the temperature control component 3.

[0037] Specifically, both the first temperature measurement part 303 and the second temperature measurement part 304 can adopt infrared sensors in the prior art, and respectively monitor the temperature of the piston sample 9 in the heating area and the cooling area in real time through the infrared sensors, and form a closed-loop feedback with the control component, and transmit the obtained temperature data to the control component.

[0038] During use, the staff needs to connect the device to the circuit for use, open the maintenance port 7, and add the coolant into the liquid storage cylinder 3022. In the initial state, both clamping mechanisms 4 are located below the cover plate 6. The staff opens the two cover plates 6, and then puts the two piston samples 9 for testing into the box body 1.

[0039] Make the head of the piston sample 9 face upward and pass through the fixed ring 2022. The bottom of the piston sample 9 contacts the inclined surface at the upper end of the elastic plate 402. The piston sample 9 squeezes the two elastic plates 402 through the inclined surface, causing the two elastic plates 402 to separate to both sides until the bottom of the piston sample 9 contacts the support plate 401. The two elastic plates 402 always clamp the piston sample 9 to prevent the piston sample 9 from tipping during the test. At this time, the piston sample 9 is fixed on the clamping mechanism 4.

[0040] The staff controls the driving component 2 through the control component, and the rotating part 201 in the driving component 2 starts to operate, that is, the stepping motor 2012 drives the turntable 2011 to rotate. The turntable 2011 drives the lifting part 202 and the piston sample 9 to rotate. One of the piston samples 9 is about to move into the heating part 301. It should be noted that in order to avoid the heating part 301 affecting the rotation of the piston sample 9, before the rotation of the rotating part 201 starts, the electric telescopic rod 2021 in the lifting part 202 will first contract. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 2021 drives the fixed ring 2022 to descend. The fixed ring 2022 drives the clamping mechanism 4 and the piston sample 9 to move downward through the connecting plate 2023, so that the piston sample 9 and the heating part 301 are in spaces at different heights in the box body 1.

[0041] When the piston sample 9 moves below the heating part 301, the rotating part 201 stops rotating, and the electric telescopic rod 2021 in the lifting part 202 starts to extend. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 2021 drives the fixed ring 2022 to rise. The fixed ring 2022 drives the clamping mechanism 4 and the piston sample 9 to move upward through the connecting plate 2023 until the piston sample 9 is located in the heating part 301.

[0042] At the same time, the other piston sample 9 is about to move into the cooling part 302. It should be noted that in order to avoid the liquid storage cylinder 3022 affecting the rotation of the piston sample 9, before the rotation of the rotating part 201 starts, the electric telescopic rod 2021 in the lifting part 202 will first extend. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 2021 drives the fixed ring 2022 to rise. The fixed ring 2022 drives the clamping mechanism 4 and the piston sample 9 to move upward through the connecting plate 2023, so that the piston sample 9 and the liquid storage cylinder 3022 are in spaces at different heights in the box body 1.

[0043] When the piston sample 9 moves between the liquid storage cylinder 3022 and the air-cooling mechanism 3021, the rotating part 201 stops rotating, and the electric telescopic rod 2021 in the lifting part 202 starts to contract. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 2021 drives the fixed ring 2022 to descend, and the fixed ring 2022 drives the clamping mechanism 4 and the piston sample 9 to descend through the connecting plate 2023 until the piston sample 9 moves into the liquid storage cylinder 3022, and the lower part of the piston sample 9 is immersed in the coolant.

[0044] The staff controls the heating part 301 to work through the control component, and the heating part 301 starts to heat the piston sample 9. The first temperature measuring part 303 can measure the temperature of the heated piston sample 9 in real time. When the temperature of the piston sample 9 reaches the highest test temperature, the heating part 301 stops working. At the same time, the control component controls the cooling part 302 to work. The coolant in the liquid storage cylinder 3022 cools the lower part of the other piston sample 9, and the cold air blown by the air-cooling mechanism 3021 in the cooling part 302 acts on the upper part of the piston sample 9 to accelerate the cooling speed of the piston sample 9. The second temperature measuring part 304 can measure the temperature of the cooled piston sample 9 in real time. When the temperature of the piston sample 9 reaches the lowest test temperature, the air-cooling mechanism 3021 stops working, and the lifting part 202 works and drives the piston sample 9 to move upward to separate the piston sample 9 from the coolant.

[0045] The control component controls the driving component 2 to work, so that the positions of the two piston samples 9 are interchanged. The heating part 301 heats the cooled piston sample 9, and the coolant and the air-cooling mechanism 3021 cool the heated piston sample 9. Then, the two piston samples 9 are heated and cooled cyclically, and the number of cycles is counted. When the number of cycles reaches a preset value, the staff can take out the two piston samples 9 from the box body 1 and analyze the surface state of the piston samples 9 through existing analysis equipment, so as to obtain the material performance parameters of the piston samples 9, which is more efficient than the existing test equipment. Embodiment 2

[0046] During the actual test, it is found that the coolant in the liquid storage cylinder 3022 is in direct contact with the heated piston sample 9, and the temperature of the piston sample 9 is transmitted to the coolant. After being recycled a certain number of times, the temperature of the coolant will rise significantly, thus affecting the subsequent cooling speed of the piston sample 9 and reducing the test efficiency. Further improvements are made on the basis of the above embodiment.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 4As shown, the temperature control component 3 further includes a liquid changing mechanism 5. The liquid changing mechanism 5 includes a liquid inlet pipe 501 and a liquid outlet pipe 502 provided at the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder 3022. A water pump 503 is provided in the middle of the liquid inlet pipe 501. The water pump 503 is used to add cooling liquid into the liquid storage cylinder 3022. A solenoid valve 504 is provided in the middle of the liquid outlet pipe 502. The solenoid valve 504 is used to control the discharge of waste liquid in the liquid storage cylinder 3022, so as to realize the automatic replacement of the cooling liquid.

[0048] Specifically, the liquid inlet pipe 501 and the liquid outlet pipe 502 are respectively communicated with the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder 3022. The inlet end of the liquid inlet pipe 501 is connected to an external cooling liquid circulation system, and the outlet end of the liquid outlet pipe 502 is connected to a waste liquid recovery device.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 5 As shown, a partition plate 8 is provided in the box body 1 between the heating part 301 and the cooling part 302. The partition plate 8 is made of a heat insulating material and divides the box body 1 into an independent heating area and a cooling area.

[0050] On the basis of the above embodiments, before use, the staff needs to connect the liquid inlet pipe 501 to the external cooling liquid circulation system and the liquid outlet pipe 502 to the waste liquid recovery device. After the heating and cooling of the two piston samples 9 are completed, the control component controls the solenoid valve 504 to open. The waste liquid in the liquid storage cylinder 3022 flows out from the liquid outlet pipe 502 and finally flows to the external waste liquid recovery device for treatment. When all the waste water in the liquid storage cylinder 3022 has flowed out, the control component controls the solenoid valve 504 to close. At the same time, the water pump 503 starts to work. The cooling liquid in the external cooling liquid circulation system flows into the liquid storage cylinder 3022 from the liquid inlet pipe 501. The staff can add a liquid level gauge to the liquid storage cylinder 3022. When the cooling liquid in the liquid storage cylinder 3022 reaches the preset reading of the liquid level gauge, the water pump 503 stops working.

[0051] The driving component 2 drives the heated piston sample 9 into the newly replaced cooling liquid, so as to achieve a better cooling effect and improve the testing efficiency of the piston sample 9. Embodiment III

[0052] This embodiment provides a testing method for testing a piston by an aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device, including the following steps: S1. The control component drives the clamping mechanism 4 below the cover plate 6. After opening the cover, two piston samples 9 are placed in, and then one of them is driven to the heating area and the other to the cooling area; S2. The control component starts the heating part 301 and the cooling part 302. The two respectively operate on the piston samples 9 in the two areas. The first temperature measuring part 303 and the second temperature measuring part 304 measure the temperature and feed it back to the control component; S3. When the temperature reaches the standard, the control component drives the piston sample 9 to the exchange area, and the air cooling mechanism 3021 and the coolant cooperate to cool the heated piston sample 9, and then alternately heat and cool the two piston samples 9; S4. After cycling to the set number of times, the control component drives to take out the two piston samples 9, and analyze the surface to evaluate the performance.

[0053] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy piston material property testing device, comprising a box body (1), characterized in that: A driving component (2) and a temperature control component (3) are arranged in the box body (1); The driving component (2) includes two lifting parts (202) symmetrically distributed and a rotating part (201) for driving their rotation, and is used for alternately conveying a piston sample (9) to a heating area and a cooling area; The temperature control component (3) includes a heating part (301) and a cooling part (302) symmetrically arranged, and the cooling part (302) is composed of an air-cooling mechanism (3021) and a liquid storage cylinder (3022) in an up-and-down contrast.

2. The aluminum alloy piston material property testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating part (201) includes a turntable (2011) and a stepping motor (2012), and the center of the turntable (2011) is fixed to the output end of the stepping motor (2012), and is used for driving the two lifting parts (202) to rotate alternately.

3. The aluminum alloy piston material property testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting part (202) includes an electric telescopic rod (2021) installed on the turntable (2011), and its top is connected to a clamping mechanism (4) through a fixing ring (2022), and the clamping mechanism (4) includes an elastic plate (402) with an inclined surface structure, and is used for adaptively clamping the piston sample (9).

4. The aluminum alloy piston material property testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating part (301) is an annular induction coil, which is arranged around the heating area; The air-cooling mechanism (3021) of the cooling part (302) is a multi-directional jet array, which is located directly above the liquid storage cylinder (3022), and is used for forced convection cooling of the upper part of the piston sample (9).

5. The aluminum alloy piston material property testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the liquid storage cylinder (3022) is connected to a liquid changing mechanism (5), and the liquid changing mechanism (5) includes a liquid inlet pipe (501), a liquid outlet pipe (502), a water pump (503) and an electromagnetic valve (504), and is used for realizing automatic replacement of the coolant.

6. The aluminum alloy piston material property testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition board (8) is arranged in the box body (1), and it is made of a heat-insulating material, and divides the box body (1) into an independent heating area and a cooling area.

7. The aluminum alloy piston material property testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control component (3) further includes a first temperature measuring part (303) and a second temperature measuring part (304), which respectively monitor the temperature of the piston sample (9) in the heating area and the cooling area in real time through infrared sensors, and form a closed-loop feedback with the control component.

8. The aluminum alloy piston material property testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid inlet pipe (501) and the liquid outlet pipe (502) are respectively communicated with the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder (3022), and the inlet end of the liquid inlet pipe (501) is connected to an external coolant circulation system, and the outlet end of the liquid outlet pipe (502) is connected to a waste liquid recovery device.

9. The aluminum alloy piston material property testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two symmetrically distributed cover plates (6) are provided on the top of the box body (1) for taking and placing the piston samples (9), and a maintenance opening (7) is provided on the side wall of the box body (1).

10. A testing method for testing a piston using the aluminum alloy piston material property testing device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The testing method includes the following steps: S1. The control component drives the clamping mechanism (4) to be below the cover plate (6). After opening the cover, two piston samples (9) are placed, and then one is driven to the heating area and the other to the cooling area; S2. The control component starts the heating part (301) and the cooling part (302), and the two respectively operate on the piston samples (9) in the two areas. The first temperature measuring part (303) and the second temperature measuring part (304) measure the temperature and feedback it to the control component; S3. When the temperature reaches the standard, the control component drives the piston samples (9) to exchange areas. The air cooling mechanism (3021) and the coolant cooperate to cool the heated piston samples (9), and then the two piston samples (9) are alternately heated and cooled; S4. After circulating to the set number of times, the control component drives to take out the two piston samples (9), and the surface is analyzed to evaluate the performance.

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