Switching device and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a switch device and a control method thereof, a controller is provided with a capacitive sensing module and a pressure sensing module, the capacitive sensing module comprises a distance sensing module, the distance sensing module scans and detects a capacitive sensing circuit in real time, and the electric switch device comprises a plastic layer, a circuit board and a pressure sensor. The circuit board is provided with a capacitive sensing circuit, a light display assembly is arranged below the circuit board, when the hand of a user enters the sensing distance interval of the distance sensing module, the controller controls the light display assembly to be started, the electric switch is made to emit light, awakening prompt tone is given out, in the environment with poor light, the user can conveniently position the button, and the switch is prevented from being mistakenly shocked; and the interaction experience feeling of the control panel is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electric switches, and particularly relates to a switch device and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The capacitive touch switch is a commonly used non-mechanical electric switch device. Compared with traditional switches, it has a longer service life and is widely used in electronic products, such as the control panels of automobiles, computers, household appliances, etc. The existing capacitive touch switches only support the on or off of a single line and cannot achieve multifunctional interactive applications, resulting in a poor interactive experience of the control panel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a switch device and a control method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A switch control method, the controller is provided with a capacitance sensing module and a pressure sensing module. The capacitance sensing module includes an air sensing module. The air sensing module scans and detects the capacitance sensing line in real time. The pressure sensing module is connected to a pressure sensor.

[0005] S1: Set the sensing distance range of the air sensing module.

[0006] S2: When the user's hand enters the sensing distance range, a capacitor is formed between the capacitance sensing line and the user's hand. The change in the capacitance value of the capacitor triggers the air sensing module, and the controller controls the light display component to start and issues a prompt message.

[0007] S3: When the user's finger presses the area where the pressure sensor is located, the controller activates the control object corresponding to the pressure sensor.

[0008] Preferably, the sensing distance range is 1 mm - 100 mm.

[0009] Preferably, when the sensing distance range is less than 1 mm, the controller activates the corresponding control object.

[0010] Preferably, S2 further includes: After the controller controls the light display component to start, at the same time, the controller starts a countdown. The controller closes the light display component after a delay according to the countdown. During this countdown, when the pressure sensor is pressed and triggered, the controller cancels the delayed closing of the light display component.

[0011] Preferably, the countdown is 15 seconds.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure trigger range of the pressure sensor is 1 g - 1000 g.

[0013] Preferably, S3 further includes that when the pressure sensor is pressed and triggered, the controller activates the vibrator to provide vibration feedback to the user.

[0014] A switch device includes a plastic layer, on which a circuit board, a pressure sensor and a vibrator are fixedly installed. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the circuit board. The circuit board is provided with a capacitance sensing circuit, and the circuit board is electrically connected to a light display component.

[0015] Preferably, the circuit board is a flexible circuit board.

[0016] Preferably, the plastic layer and the circuit board, the pressure sensor and the vibrator are integrally injection molded one or more times.

[0017] Preferably, an adhesive layer is provided between the circuit board and the plastic layer.

[0018] Preferably, the material of the adhesive layer is acrylic acid.

[0019] Preferably, the material of the plastic layer is an elastically deformable plastic.

[0020] Preferably, the elastically deformable plastic is made of polycarbonate or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

[0021] Preferably, the light display component is an LED lamp or an OLED lamp.

[0022] Preferably, the light display component is an LED character array or an OLED character array.

[0023] Preferably, the light display component is an LED display screen or an OLED display screen.

[0024] Preferably, the light display component is an EL electroluminescent device.

[0025] Preferably, the light display component 5 is arranged on the upper layer or / and the lower layer of the circuit board 2.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] The electric switch of the present invention is provided with a capacitance sensing circuit and a pressure sensor. The controller is provided with a proximity sensing module and a pressure sensing module. The proximity sensing module scans and detects the capacitance sensing circuit in real time. The pressure sensing module is connected to the pressure sensor. When the user's hand enters the sensing distance range of the proximity sensing module, the controller controls the light display component to start, making the electric switch emit light and emitting a wake-up prompt sound. In an environment with poor light, it is convenient for the user to locate the button, avoiding accidental contact with the electric switch and improving the interactive experience of the control panel.

[0028] When the user presses the plastic layer, the plastic layer simultaneously acts on the pressure sensor, causing the electric switch to conduct. The controller activates the control object corresponding to the electric switch and simultaneously activates the vibrator to provide the user with a pressing vibration feedback, enhancing the interactive experience of the control panel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a view of the first design structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a view of the second design structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a view of the third design structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a view of the fourth design structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a view of the fifth design structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a view of the sixth design structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 It is a view of the seventh design structure of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 It is a view of the eighth design structure of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 10 It is a view of the ninth design structure of the present invention.

[0039] Reference numerals in the figures: plastic layer 1, circuit board 2, pressure sensor 3, vibrator 4, optical display component 5, process decoration layer 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] As Figures 1-8As shown in the figure, a switch control method provided by the present invention has a controller equipped with a capacitance sensing module and a pressure sensing module. The capacitance sensing module includes a non-contact sensing module that scans and detects a capacitance sensing line in real time. The pressure sensing module is connected to a pressure sensor 3; S1: Set the sensing distance range of the non-contact sensing module; S2: When the user's hand enters the sensing distance range, a capacitor is formed between the capacitance sensing line and the user's hand, and the change in the capacitance value of this capacitor triggers the non-contact sensing module. The controller controls the light display component 5 to start and emits a prompt message; S3: When the user's finger presses the area where the pressure sensor 3 is located, the controller activates the control object corresponding to the pressure sensor 3. The sensing distance range is 1 mm - 100 mm. When the sensing distance range is less than 1 mm, the controller activates the corresponding control object. S2 also includes: After the controller controls the light display component 5 to start, at the same time, the controller starts a countdown. The controller turns off the light display component 5 according to the countdown delay. During this countdown, when the pressure sensor 3 is pressed and triggered, the controller cancels the delayed shutdown of the light display component 5. The countdown is 15 seconds. The pressure trigger range of the pressure sensor 3 is 1 g - 1000 g. S3 also includes that when the pressure sensor 3 is pressed and triggered, the controller activates the vibrator 4 to provide vibration feedback to the user.

[0043] A switch device includes a plastic layer 1, on which a circuit board 2, a pressure sensor 3, and a vibrator 4 are fixedly installed. The pressure sensor 3 is electrically connected to the circuit board 2. The circuit board 2 is provided with a capacitance sensing line and a light display component 5. The circuit board 2 is a flexible circuit board. The plastic layer 1 and the circuit board 2, the pressure sensor 3, and the vibrator 4 are integrally injection-molded one or more times. There is an adhesive layer between the circuit board 2 and the plastic layer 1. The material of the adhesive layer is acrylic. The material of the plastic layer 1 is an elastically deformable plastic. The elastically deformable plastic is made of polycarbonate or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer. The light display component 5 is an LED lamp or an OLED lamp. The light display component 5 is an LED text array or an OLED text array. The light display component 5 is an LED display screen or an OLED display screen. The light display component 5 is an EL electroluminescent device. The light display component 5 is provided on the upper layer or / and the lower layer of the circuit board 2.

[0044] Through the above technical solution, the electric switch of the present invention is provided with a capacitance sensing line and a pressure sensor 3. The controller is equipped with a non-contact sensing module and a pressure sensing module. The non-contact sensing module scans and detects the capacitance sensing line in real time. The pressure sensing module is connected to the pressure sensor 3. When the user's hand enters the sensing distance range of the non-contact sensing module, the controller controls the light display component 5 to start, making the electric switch emit light and emitting a wake-up prompt sound, which is convenient for the user to locate the button in an environment with poor light, avoiding accidental contact with the electric switch and improving the interactive experience of the control panel.

[0045] When the user presses the plastic layer 1, the plastic layer 1 simultaneously acts on the pressure sensor 3, causing the electrical switch to conduct. The controller activates the control object corresponding to the electrical switch and simultaneously activates the vibrator 4 to provide the user with a pressing vibration feedback, enhancing the interactive experience of the control panel.

[0046] Embodiment 2:

[0047] As Figures 1-8 shown, this embodiment provides a control method applicable to an electrical switch system having a capacitive sensing circuit and a pressure sensor 3 (or a mechanical switch). The system includes a controller with an air induction module and a pressure induction module built therein. The air induction module scans and monitors the state changes of the capacitive sensing circuit in real time, and the pressure induction module is directly connected to the pressure sensor 3.

[0048] First, during the system initialization phase (debugging phase), the sensing distance range of the air induction module is set. This range defines the detection range of the system for the approach of the user's hand.

[0049] During application, when the user's hand enters the preset sensing distance range, the user's hand and the capacitive sensing circuit form a capacitor. The capacitance value of this capacitor changes with the change in the distance between the user's hand and the capacitive sensing circuit, thereby triggering the air induction module. After detecting this change, the controller immediately activates the light display component 5 and simultaneously emits a prompt message to inform the user that the system has sensed their approach. The activation of the light display component 5 facilitates the user to locate the switch position in a poorly lit environment, enhancing the human-machine interaction experience.

[0050] After the device is awakened, when the user's finger presses the area where the pressure sensor 3 is located, the pressure induction module transmits this information to the controller. After receiving the pressure trigger signal, the controller immediately activates the control object corresponding to the electrical switch, causing the control object to activate the corresponding function, such as turning on an electric kettle, ejecting a hidden door handle of a car, turning on a computer, etc.

[0051] This control method combines non-contact induction and physical pressing interaction methods, which can not only provide a good user experience but also ensure the accuracy of operation. By activating the backlight and prompt in advance through air induction, the user can easily locate the control panel in a dark environment. And the pressure induction ensures that only actual pressing can trigger the corresponding control function, effectively avoiding the problem of accidental touch. In addition, this dual-confirmation human-machine interaction mechanism also increases the safety of operation, especially suitable for some scenarios that require careful operation.

[0052] Embodiment 3:

[0053] As Figures 1-8As shown, the present invention further optimizes the setting of the sensing distance range of the proximity sensing module. Specifically, the sensing distance range of the proximity sensing module is set between 1 millimeter and 100 millimeters. The maximum distance of 100 millimeters provides sufficient warning space, enabling the user to receive timely feedback when approaching the control panel. When the user's finger touches the electric switch, this state is the same as the state when the pressure sensor 3 is pressed, both of which activate the control object corresponding to the electric switch, causing the control object to activate the corresponding function, such as turning on the electric kettle, popping out the hidden door handle of the car, turning on the computer, etc.

[0054] When the user's hand enters this sensing range of 1 millimeter to 100 millimeters, the capacitive sensing circuit detects a change in the capacitance value. This change is due to the formation of a dynamic capacitor between the user's hand and the sensing circuit. The proximity sensing module determines whether the user is approaching by continuously monitoring this change in capacitance value.

[0055] Once a significant change in the capacitance value is detected, the proximity sensing module triggers a series of preset responses. This usually includes activating the optical display component 5 to improve the visibility of the control panel, as well as emitting prompt signals such as sounds or vibrations to inform the user that the system has sensed their approach.

[0056] When the sensing distance range of the present invention is less than 1 mm, that is, when the distance between the user's hand and the switch device is less than 1 mm (or in contact), it can control the activation of the control object corresponding to this setting, such as controlling the vibrator to start, providing tactile feedback to the user, turning on the electric kettle, popping out the hidden door handle of the car, turning on the computer, etc.

[0057] Embodiment 4:

[0058] As Figures 1-8 shown, the present invention further optimizes the automatic control mechanism of the optical display component 5 to improve the human-computer interaction experience. When the user's hand enters the preset sensing distance range, the capacitive sensing circuit detects a change in the capacitance value and triggers the proximity sensing module. The controller then activates the optical display component 5 and simultaneously starts a countdown program. The purpose of this countdown is to automatically turn off the optical display component 5 after a certain period of time to save energy.

[0059] After the countdown starts, the system enters a waiting state. During this waiting period, if the user does not perform any further operations, the optical display component 5 will automatically turn off when the countdown ends. Such a design takes into account the situation where the user may just pass by accidentally or change their mind without performing any operations, avoiding the unnecessary consumption of electrical energy by the backlight for a long time.

[0060] If the pressure sensor 3 is pressed and triggered during the countdown, the system will consider that the user is performing an actual operation. At this time, the controller will immediately cancel the automatic shutdown instruction for the optical display component 5. This ensures that during the user's operation, the optical display component 5 can continuously provide sufficient lighting, improving the convenience and accuracy of the operation.

[0061] This intelligent control mechanism of the optical display component 5 takes into account both energy efficiency and user experience. It can provide lighting in a timely manner when the user needs it and will not continuously consume power when there is no operation. At the same time, through cooperation with the pressure sensor 3, the system can accurately determine whether the user is performing an actual operation, and thus make the most appropriate backlight control decision.

[0062] The countdown time is 10 - 15 seconds. The duration of 10 - 15 seconds provides enough time for the user to observe the control panel, decide on an operation plan and implement it, without being too long to cause excessive waste of energy.

[0063] After the countdown starts, if the user does not perform any operation within these 10 - 15 seconds, the optical display component 5 will automatically turn off at the end of the countdown. This mechanism effectively prevents unnecessary energy consumption caused by the user forgetting to operate or changing their mind.

[0064] Example Five:

[0065] As Figures 1-8 shown, the present invention further optimizes the tactile feedback mechanism. When the user's finger presses the area where the pressure sensor 3 is located, the pressure sensing module will immediately transmit this information to the controller. After receiving the pressure trigger signal, in addition to activating the control object corresponding to the electric switch, the controller will also simultaneously activate a vibrator 4.

[0066] The activation of the vibrator 4 provides immediate tactile feedback to the user. This vibration feedback usually lasts for a very short time, but it is sufficient for the user to clearly perceive that their pressing operation has been successfully recognized by the system. The intensity and duration of the vibration can be fine-tuned according to the specific application scenario and user preferences.

[0067] This tactile feedback mechanism greatly improves the user's operation experience. In an environment where visual feedback may be insufficient or inconvenient (such as a dark environment or when the user needs to concentrate on other places), tactile feedback becomes a very effective way of operation confirmation. It can immediately inform the user that their operation has been received and processed by the system, thereby enhancing the user's operation confidence.

[0068] In addition, haptic feedback can also be used in combination with other forms of feedback, such as visual or auditory, to create a more rich and intuitive multi-modal interaction experience. This can not only improve the accuracy and efficiency of operations, but also reduce the incidence of operation errors, especially in some application scenarios that require high precision and rapid response.

[0069] The capacitance sensing module of the present invention further includes a contact sensing module. The contact sensing module scans and detects the contact capacitance sensing line in real time. When the user's hand touches the contact capacitance sensing line, the controller activates the corresponding control object. This function is similar to the function realized by the pressure sensing module - pressure sensor, and the contact method makes the operation more brisk.

[0070] Embodiment Six:

[0071] As Figures 1-8 shown, the present invention provides an electric switch device, which includes a plastic layer 1, a circuit board 2, a pressure sensor 3, a vibrator 4, a capacitance sensing line, and an optical display component 5. The plastic layer 1 is composed of an outer plastic layer and an inner plastic layer. The outer plastic layer can serve as the housing and touch interface of the switch, and patterns such as button labels can be printed on its outer surface. The inner plastic layer is used to fix the internal electronic components and for the structural use of the components. The circuit board 2 is fixedly installed inside the plastic layer 1 and is made of a flexible material that can be bent. The pressure sensor 3 is installed on the circuit board 2 and is electrically connected to the circuit board 2 for detecting pressing actions. The vibrator 4 is also fixed inside the plastic layer 1 for providing haptic feedback. The circuit board 2 is provided with a capacitance sensing line that can detect capacitance changes when a finger approaches. The optical display component 5 is installed below the circuit board 2. When the user's finger approaches, the capacitance sensing line detects the change, and the controller activates the optical display component 5, and the optical display component 5 emits light to make the button pattern clearly visible. When the user presses the plastic layer 1, the pressure is transmitted to the pressure sensor 3, triggering the switch action. At the same time, the controller activates the vibrator 4 to generate vibration feedback. This structure combines non-contact sensing and physical pressing, which is convenient for users to locate the buttons and retains the touch feeling of traditional buttons, and is applicable to various environmental conditions.

[0072] Embodiment Seven:

[0073] As Figures 1-8As shown in the figure, the circuit board 2 of the present invention is a flexible circuit board 2. The flexible circuit board 2 is made of flexible substrates such as polyester and polyimide, with conductive wires and pads printed on its surface. Compared with ordinary rigid circuit boards 2, the flexible circuit board 2 can be bent to adapt to various installation spaces. In this switch device, the flexible circuit board 2 is fixed inside the plastic layer 1, and the pressure sensor 3 is installed. Due to its bendability, the flexible circuit board 2 can fit the inner surface of the plastic layer 1, reducing the overall thickness of the switch. The capacitive sensing circuit is directly printed on the surface of the flexible circuit board 2 without the need for additional wiring. The pressure sensor 3 is fixed on the flexible circuit board 2 using surface mount technology, reducing the number of solder joints and improving reliability. Connectors are provided at both ends of the flexible circuit board 2 for connection with the control circuit board 2. After using the flexible circuit board 2, the switch device can adapt to various curved surface designs, such as automotive instrument panels and home appliance panels. The flexible circuit board 2 has good shock resistance, improving the reliability of the switch in harsh environments. In addition, the flexible circuit board 2 is lightweight, which helps to reduce the overall weight of the switch device. Using the flexible circuit board 2 gives the switch device a higher degree of design freedom and can adapt to various irregular structures.

[0074] Embodiment Eight:

[0075] As Figures 1-8 shown in the figure, the plastic layer 1, circuit board 2, pressure sensor 3, and vibrator 4 of the present invention are integrally injection molded, improving the overall structural stability of the electric switch and extending its service life.

[0076] One-shot injection molding (single molding) process:

[0077] In a single mold, the product is formed by injecting a plastic melt (such as PET, ABS, PC, etc.) once. It is suitable for components with relatively simple structures that do not require additional reinforcement, with high production efficiency and low costs. For example: ordinary plastic shells, simple frames, etc.

[0078] Multi-shot integral injection molding processes (such as two-shot injection molding, insert molding, secondary injection molding, etc.): Suitable for components that require enhanced structures, improved sealing, or multi-functional integration.

[0079] Two-shot injection molding: Inject different materials (such as hard plastic + soft plastic) twice in the same mold to form a composite structure (such as a sealing ring + frame).

[0080] Insert molding: First place a metal or plastic insert into the mold, and then injection mold it for encapsulation (such as a metal reinforcing rib + plastic shell).

[0081] Secondary injection molding (Overmolding): First injection mold a substrate, and then injection mold another material on its surface (such as a silicone sealing layer + plastic frame).

[0082] According to the layout of the circuit board 2, pressure sensor 3, and vibrator 4, one or more integrated injection molding processes can be used. The circuit board 2, pressure sensor 3, and vibrator 4 are placed and fixed in a mold. Then, molten plastic material is injected into the mold to encapsulate the internal components such as the circuit board 2. After cooling, an integrated plastic layer 1 structure is formed, and the internal components are firmly embedded therein. This integrated injection molding process enables the plastic layer 1 to be closely combined with the internal components without the need for additional adhesives. During injection molding, the shape of the mold cavity determines the appearance of the plastic layer 1, and complex three-dimensional structures can be formed in one molding. Texture patterns can be directly formed on the surface of the plastic layer 1 to enhance the touch. The integrated injection molding improves the sealing performance of the switch, with good dust and water resistance. The internal components are completely encapsulated, improving the anti-vibration and shock resistance. Compared with traditional separate assembly, integrated injection molding reduces assembly errors and improves product consistency. Different hardness plastics can be selected during injection molding to give the shell a soft touch. Integrated injection molding also simplifies the production process, reduces assembly steps, and improves production efficiency. This process is suitable for mass production and can significantly reduce the manufacturing cost of a single switch. The product structure of integrated injection molding is compact, reducing the overall size of the switch and facilitating its application in various compact electronic products.

[0083] In some implementation processes, the vibrator 4 is not fixed to the plastic layer 1 by integrated molding. The vibrator 4 is fixed by means such as glue bonding, bolts, and snap connections.

[0084] Embodiment Nine:

[0085] In some implementation processes, when the plastic layer 1 of the present invention is not integrally injection molded with the circuit board 2, pressure sensor 3, and vibrator 4, the circuit board 2 is fixed to the plastic layer 1 through an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer is made of acrylic material and has good bonding strength and durability. The adhesive layer is coated on the surface of the circuit board 2 in a liquid state, and then the circuit board 2 is attached to the inner side of the plastic layer 1. The adhesive layer is cured by heating or ultraviolet irradiation to form a firm bond. The thickness of the adhesive layer is uniform, generally 0.05 - 0.2 mm. The adhesive layer not only plays a fixing role but also fills the tiny gaps between the circuit board 2 and the plastic layer 1, improving the sealing performance. The adhesive layer has a certain elasticity, which can buffer external impacts and protect the circuit board 2. The acrylic material has good insulation properties, preventing short circuits between the circuit board 2 and the outside. During the production process, the adhesive layer can be batch-coated by methods such as screen printing to improve efficiency. After curing, the adhesive layer forms a transparent film that does not affect the backlight transmission.

[0086] The acrylic adhesive is a thermosetting resin with excellent bonding strength and weather resistance. When preparing the adhesive layer, the acrylic monomer is first mixed with an initiator and a crosslinking agent, and after adjusting the viscosity, it is coated on the surface of the circuit board 2. After aligning the circuit board 2 with the plastic layer 1, the acrylic monomer is polymerized and crosslinked by heating or ultraviolet irradiation to form a network structure. The cured acrylic adhesive layer forms a chemical bond with the substrate, resulting in high bonding strength. The acrylic adhesive layer has good heat resistance and remains stable in the range of -40°C to 120°C. The acrylic material has high transparency and does not affect the transmission of LED backlight.

[0087] Example Ten:

[0088] As Figures 1-8 shown, the material of the plastic layer 1 of the present invention is an elastomeric plastic. An elastomeric plastic is a polymer material that can produce elastic deformation under the action of an external force and can return to its original state after the external force is removed. This material has good resilience and can quickly return to its original state after being pressed and deformed. The elastomeric plastic has a high elongation at break and can withstand large deformations without breaking. After using the elastomeric plastic, the button has a soft and comfortable feel. When pressed, the plastic layer will deform slightly, enhancing the tactile feedback of the button. The elastomeric plastic has good insulation properties, preventing electric shock to the human body. The edge of the plastic layer 1 can be injection-molded twice or multiple times, with elastic plastic to improve the waterproof performance, or with different plastic hardnesses in multiple injection-moldings to meet special usage scenarios and structural requirements. The material of the elastomeric plastic is polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, etc., or artificial rubber, silicone rubber and other elastomers.

[0089] Polycarbonate is an engineering plastic with excellent properties, having good mechanical properties and optical properties. The plastic layer 1 is manufactured by an injection molding process, and the mold temperature is controlled at 80 - 120°C. The melting temperature of polycarbonate is about 220 - 260°C, and it needs to be fully dried during injection molding. The density of polycarbonate is about 1.2 g / cm 3 , and the manufactured plastic layer 1 is light in weight. The elongation at break of this material can reach more than 100%, having good toughness. The Shore hardness of polycarbonate can reach D75 - 85, with a moderate hardness on the surface. The refractive index of polycarbonate is about 1.586, having good light transmittance and being suitable as a material for backlit buttons. The heat distortion temperature of this material can reach 140°C and will not deform within the daily use temperature range. The water absorption rate of polycarbonate is low, typically less than 0.35%, and it has good dimensional stability. Polycarbonate also has good chemical resistance and is not easily corroded by acids and alkalis. The dielectric strength of this material can reach 15 - 67 kV / mm, providing good insulation protection.

[0090] Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) is a thermoplastic engineering plastic with excellent comprehensive properties, combining rigidity, toughness and processing stability. The plastic layer 1 is manufactured by an injection molding process, and the mold temperature is controlled at 40 - 80 °C (lower than that of PC). The melting temperature of ABS is about 200 - 240 °C (20 - 40 °C lower than that of PC), and it needs to be dried at 80 - 85 °C for 2 - 4 hours before injection molding (the humidity needs to be lower than 0.1%). The density of ABS is about 1.05 - 1.07 g / cm 3 (lighter than PC), and the weight of the manufactured plastic layer 1 is further optimized. The elongation at break of ABS is usually 10 - 50% (the toughness is lower than that of PC, but still meets the requirements of general structural parts), and its Shore hardness is R110 - 120 (or D75 - 85, which needs to be adjusted according to the test standard), with moderate surface hardness and good wear resistance. Since the light transmittance of ABS is poor (refractive index about 1.49), it is no longer suitable to be directly used as the backlight button material. If light transmission is required, a special modification formula (such as adding a light transmittant or blending with PC) needs to be used. The heat distortion temperature of ABS is about 90 - 105 °C (significantly lower than that of PC), and it needs to be used with caution in high-temperature environments. Its water absorption rate is relatively high (about 0.2 - 0.6%), and it needs to be strictly dried before injection molding to avoid silver streak defects. The chemical resistance of ABS is medium, and it has a certain tolerance to weak acids, weak bases and oils, but swelling may occur after long-term contact with strong acids / strong bases or organic solvents. Its dielectric strength is about 15 - 30 kV / mm (lower than that of PC), but it can still meet the general insulation requirements.

[0091] Example Eleven:

[0092] As Figures 1-8 shown, in some implementation processes, the optical display component 5 is an LED lamp or an OLED lamp, which is convenient for displaying the switch position in a low-light environment or the printed pattern of the control panel.

[0093] In some implementation processes, the optical display component 5 is an LED character array or an OLED character array. By arranging the LED lamps or OLED lamps in the shape of characters, the characters will be displayed when starting up, improving the recognition of the characters.

[0094] In some implementation processes, the optical display component 5 is an LED display screen or an OLED display screen. In some devices with stronger functions, a display screen is required to ensure the perfect human-machine interaction function.

[0095] In some implementation processes, the optical display component 5 is an EL electroluminescent device, which is applied in some low-power consumption scenarios.

[0096] Example Twelve:

[0097] As Figures 1-8As shown, the present invention can be applied to the hidden door handle of a car. When the user's hand approaches the sensing distance interval of the hidden door handle, the hidden door handle automatically pops out and starts the light. The user can then open the door by pressing or touching, thereby improving the human-computer interaction experience.

[0098] The present invention can be applied in the field of household appliances, such as control panels of tea makers, washing machines, induction cookers, microwave ovens, refrigerators, rice cookers, televisions and other household appliances. When a user's hand approaches the sensing distance interval of the control panel, the control panel is awakened and the backlight is turned on at the same time, which is convenient for the user to locate the button position and improves the human-computer interaction experience.

[0099] Embodiment 13:

[0100] like Figures 1-8 As shown, when the present invention is applied to a hidden door handle of a car, when the user's finger approaches the door handle in the air, the door handle pops up, the door opening pattern position lights up, and the whole car lights up to welcome + lighting. After lightly touching the handle to light up the door opening pattern position, the driver's door opens. After pressing the handle to light up the door opening pattern position, all the car doors open. After all the car doors are closed, the interior lighting turns off in about 5 to 20 seconds.

[0101] Embodiment 14:

[0102] like Figure 10 As shown, the surface layer of the present invention is decorated with Inmold Decoration-IMD, including IML in-mold insert / IMR in-mold transfer / IMD in-mold injection molding and other process decoration layers 6, and a printed film or ink layer plus a protective layer is used for three-dimensional printing decoration. This in-mold decoration layer and the circuit board are integrally injection molded with the plastic in the mold. The outer layer is printed on the surface or back of the IML film or printed on the surface and bottom at the same time, or the ink layer and protective layer on the IMR transfer, and multi-color, fine backlight luminous patterns and characters are printed; the middle layer is made of injection molding material as the product strength structure and packaging bonding surface decoration layer plus bottom circuit board, electronic parts, etc. This three-dimensional structure can greatly improve the plasticity of product surface decoration.

[0103] Embodiment 15:

[0104] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the application method of the present invention is: when the user's hand enters the sensing distance interval of 1mm-100mm, it is the first level start of the electric switch, and the controller can start the light display component 5 (through the line output, it can also control other functional objects); when the user's hand enters the sensing distance interval of less than 1mm, it is the second level start of the electric switch, and the corresponding functional object can be controlled; when the user presses the electric switch, the pressure sensor 3 is triggered, which is the third level start of the electric switch, and the corresponding functional object can be controlled. Through multi-level switch control, the human-computer interaction experience of the control panel using the electric switch is significantly improved.

[0105] In some relatively simple reference scenarios, when the user's hand enters the induction distance range of 0 mm - 100 mm, it is the first-stage activation of the electric switch. The controller can activate the optical display component 5 (output through a circuit and can also control other functional objects). When the user presses the electric switch, the pressure sensor 3 is triggered, which is the second-stage activation of the electric switch and can control the corresponding functional object, improving the human-computer interaction experience of the control panel applying this electric switch.

[0106] Example 16:

[0107] For the material of the adhesive layer of the present invention, according to the practical environment and production requirements, epoxy resin, silicone, polyurethane polyester polyol, styrene-acrylic resin, etc. can be selected. The coupling agent includes silane or titanate, etc. The solvent includes mixed dibasic acid ester (DBE), isophorone, toluene, xylene, cyclohexanone, etc. The filler includes fumed silica, bentonite, calcium carbonate, etc. The surface assistant includes acrylic defoamer and leveling agent, etc.

[0108] In addition, the main materials of the hot melt adhesive include ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyamide, polyester resin, and polyolefin, polyamide hot melt adhesive, polyester hot melt adhesive, PUR moisture-reactive hot melt adhesive, etc.

[0109] The material of the plastic layer can also be selected from acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer + polycarbonate alloy, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, thermoplastic polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, polypropylene, etc.

[0110] In the in-mold decoration (IMD) process, the adhesive is the key material to realize the combination of the film and the injection resin. The IMD adhesive needs to have high adhesion, high temperature resistance, chemical resistance, and good printing performance. The following are the main materials of the IMD adhesive and their characteristics:

[0111] 1. Main components of the IMD adhesive

[0112] The IMD adhesive is usually composed of the following components:

[0113] Resin substrate:

[0114] Polyester polyol: Provides the main bonding performance of the adhesive. The molecular weight is usually between 20,000 - 30,000, and it has good flexibility and adhesion.

[0115] Styrene-acrylic resin: Low-degree cross-linked styrene-acrylic resin is used to enhance the heat resistance and chemical resistance of the adhesive.

[0116] Polyurethane curing agent: used to improve the strength and durability of adhesives.

[0117] Coupling agent: silane coupling agent or titanate coupling agent: used to enhance the adhesion between adhesives and different materials (such as PET, PC films).

[0118] Solvent: commonly used solvents include dibasic ester (DBE), isophorone, toluene, xylene, cyclohexanone, etc., used to adjust the viscosity and fluidity of adhesives.

[0119] Filler: fumed silica, bentonite, calcium carbonate, etc., used to improve the rheological properties and mechanical strength of adhesives.

[0120] Surface additives: acrylic defoamer and leveling agent: used to improve the printing properties and appearance of adhesives.

[0121] 2. Characteristics of IMD adhesives

[0122] IMD adhesives need to meet the following performance requirements:

[0123] High adhesion: able to firmly bond films such as PET and PC to injection-molded resins (such as ABS, PC).

[0124] High temperature resistance: remain stable during the injection molding process (usually at a temperature of 200 - 300 °C) without decomposition or failure.

[0125] Chemical resistance: able to resist the erosion of chemical substances in injection-molded resins.

[0126] Environmental friendliness: halogen-free (chlorine and bromine content less than 900 ppm), compliant with environmental regulations.

[0127] Printability: suitable for screen printing and able to be evenly coated on the film surface

[0128] The adhesive layer is made of acrylic material, having good bonding strength and durability. The adhesive layer is coated on the surface of circuit board 2 in liquid state, and then circuit board 2 is bonded to the inner side of plastic layer 1. The adhesive layer is cured by heating or ultraviolet irradiation.

[0129] The following is the hot melt adhesive material and detailed description in addition to the acrylic adhesive layer coated in liquid state: The main components of hot melt adhesive (Hot Melt Adhesive, abbreviated as hot melt adhesive) include thermoplastic resin, tackifier, plasticizer, antioxidant, filler, etc. The following is a detailed introduction to the main components of hot melt adhesive:

[0130] 1. Thermoplastic resin

[0131] Thermoplastic resin is the basic material of hot melt adhesive, providing the main bonding performance. Common thermoplastic resins include:

[0132] Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA): The most commonly used hot melt adhesive resin, with good adhesion, flexibility and processing performance.

[0133] Polyamide (PA): Excellent in high temperature resistance and chemical resistance, suitable for high temperature environments.

[0134] Polyurethane (PUR): Moisture-curing hot melt adhesive, with excellent water resistance and heat resistance after curing.

[0135] Polyolefin (PO): Includes polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), resistant to aging and ultraviolet rays, suitable for outdoor environments.

[0136] Polyester (PES): Excellent in high temperature resistance and chemical resistance, suitable for special environments.

[0137] 2. Tackifier

[0138] Tackifiers are used to improve the initial tack and adhesion strength of hot melt adhesives. Common tackifiers include:

[0139] Rosin resin: A natural resin with good tackifying effect.

[0140] Petroleum resin: A synthetic resin with low price and stable tackifying effect.

[0141] Terpene resin: Extracted from plants, with good environmental performance.

[0142] 3. Plasticizer

[0143] Plasticizers are used to adjust the flexibility and fluidity of hot melt adhesives. Common plasticizers include:

[0144] Paraffin wax: Improves the fluidity of hot melt adhesives and reduces costs.

[0145] Mineral oil: Improves the flexibility and low temperature performance of hot melt adhesives.

[0146] Phthalate esters: Improve the flexibility of hot melt adhesives, but attention should be paid to environmental protection.

[0147] 4. Antioxidant

[0148] Antioxidants are used to prevent hot melt adhesives from oxidizing and deteriorating at high temperatures. Common antioxidants include:

[0149] Phenolic antioxidants: Such as BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene), with low price and good antioxidant effect.

[0150] Phosphate ester antioxidants: Such as TNP (trinonylphenyl phosphate), with excellent high temperature resistance performance.

[0151] 5. Filler

[0152] Fillers are used to adjust the properties of hot melt adhesives and reduce costs. Common fillers include:

[0153] Calcium carbonate: Improves the hardness and wear resistance of hot melt adhesives.

[0154] Talc powder: Improves the fluidity and mechanical strength of hot melt adhesives.

[0155] Fumed silica: Improves the thixotropy and anti-settling properties of hot melt adhesives.

[0156] 6. Other additives

[0157] According to specific requirements, the following components may also be added to hot melt adhesives:

[0158] Pigments: Used to adjust the color of hot melt adhesives.

[0159] Flame retardants: Improve the flame retardant properties of hot melt adhesives.

[0160] Antistatic agents: Used in the electronics industry to prevent static electricity accumulation.

[0161] The main components of hot melt adhesives include thermoplastic resins, tackifiers, plasticizers, antioxidants, and fillers, etc. These components together determine the bonding performance, heat resistance, flexibility, and processing performance of hot melt adhesives. According to different application requirements, the performance of hot melt adhesives can be optimized by adjusting the component ratios.

[0162] Example XVII:

[0163] The optical display component 5 of the present invention is arranged on the upper layer or the lower layer of the circuit board 2, or both the upper and lower layers are provided with it, and the position of the optical display component 5 is arranged according to different design requirements.

[0164] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0165] The above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it. Other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A switch control method, characterized in that, The controller is provided with a capacitance sensing module and a pressure sensing module. The capacitance sensing module includes a non-contact sensing module which scans and detects the capacitance sensing circuit in real time. The pressure sensing module is connected to a pressure sensor. S1: Set the sensing distance range of the non-contact sensing module. S2: When the user's hand enters the sensing distance range, a capacitor is formed between the capacitance sensing circuit and the user's hand. The change in the capacitance value of this capacitor triggers the non-contact sensing module, and the controller controls the optical display component to start and emits a prompt message. S3: When the user's finger presses the area where the pressure sensor is located, the controller activates the control object corresponding to the pressure sensor.

2. The switch control method according to claim 1, wherein The sensing distance range is 1mm - 100mm.

3. A switch control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the sensing distance range is less than 1mm, the controller activates the corresponding control object.

4. A switch control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capacitance sensing module further includes a contact sensing module which scans and detects the contact capacitance sensing circuit in real time.

5. A switch control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 further includes: After the controller controls the optical display component to start, at the same time, the controller starts a countdown. The controller delays the shutdown of the optical display component according to the countdown. During this countdown, when the pressure sensor is pressed and triggered, the controller cancels the delayed shutdown of the optical display component.

6. A switch control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The countdown is 15 seconds.

7. A switch control method according to claim 1, wherein The pressure trigger range of the pressure sensor is 1g - 1000g.

8. A switch control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 further includes that when the pressure sensor is pressed and triggered, the controller activates a vibrator to provide vibration feedback to the user.

9. A switching device includes a plastic layer, characterized in that, The plastic layer is fixedly installed with a circuit board, a pressure sensor and a vibrator. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the circuit board. The circuit board is provided with a non-contact capacitance sensing circuit, and the circuit board is electrically connected to an optical display component.

10. A switching device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The circuit board is a flexible circuit board.

11. A switch device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The plastic layer and the circuit board, the pressure sensor and the vibrator are integrally injection molded one or more times.

12. A switching device according to claim 8, characterized in that, There is an adhesive layer between the circuit board and the plastic layer.

13. A switch device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The material of the adhesive layer is acrylic acid.

14. A switching device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The material of the plastic layer is an elastically deformable plastic.

15. A switch device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The elastically deformable plastic is made of polycarbonate or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

16. A switching device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The optical display component is an LED lamp or an OLED lamp.

17. A switch device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The optical display component is an LED text array or an OLED text array.

18. A switch device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The optical display component is an LED display screen or an OLED display screen.

19. A switch device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The optical display component is an EL electroluminescent device.

20. A switching device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The optical display component 5 is arranged on the upper layer or / and the lower layer of the circuit board 2.

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