Workpiece clamping device

Abstract

The invention relates to a workpiece clamping device which comprises an adjusting tool. A tool base is arranged on the adjusting tool, at least three fixing devices used for fixing a workpiece are arranged on the tool base, the positions of acting force of at least two of the three fixing devices on the workpiece are arranged at high positions and low positions, and a matched positioning face is arranged between at least one of the three fixing devices and the clamped workpiece. And the fixing device does not shield a to-be-measured point and a to-be-processed surface of the workpiece. The workpiece clamping device can be used for quickly positioning, is convenient to assemble and disassemble, is high in assembly precision, and can be used for measuring the spatial position of the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing and relates to a clamping device for workpieces. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the times, the application requirements of mechanical equipment are becoming more and more extensive, the structures and shapes of workpieces are diversified, and based on the improvement of the machining accuracy requirements for workpieces, the requirements for the clamping accuracy and stability of workpieces are also getting higher and higher, thus giving rise to a variety of workpiece clamping devices. The clamping methods of existing workpiece clamping devices have a single structure, mostly using a multi-point fixing method, resulting in poor clamping stability of workpieces. During machining, the workpieces are prone to move, affecting the machining accuracy. To improve the stability and machining accuracy, the structural designs of some clamping devices are complex, resulting in cumbersome workpiece loading and unloading. Moreover, the complex clamping structure blocks the points to be detected and the surfaces to be machined of the workpieces, thereby affecting the subsequent six-point detection and the establishment of the workpiece coordinate system, and ultimately affecting the machining accuracy and efficiency of the workpieces. Therefore, designing a clamping device for workpieces with good clamping stability, high clamping degree, rapid clamping and positioning, and high machining accuracy is an important research direction in modern mechanical manufacturing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The invention object of the present invention is to disclose a clamping device for workpieces that can be rapidly positioned, has convenient loading and unloading, high assembly accuracy, and is convenient for measuring the spatial position of workpieces.

[0004] The technical solution for realizing the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A clamping device for workpieces includes an adjustment tooling 1. A tooling base 2 is provided on the adjustment tooling 1. At least three fixing devices 3, 4, 5 for fixing workpieces are provided on the tooling base 2. Among the three fixing devices 3, 4, 5, the positions of the acting forces on the workpiece of at least two fixing devices are arranged in a high-low configuration. There is at least one positioning surface 6 that cooperates with the workpiece to be clamped, and the fixing devices 3, 4, 5 do not block the points to be measured and the surfaces to be machined of the workpiece.

[0006] An included angle or a three-dimensional space included angle exists between the directions of the fixing forces applied to the workpiece by at least two of the three fixing devices 3, 4, 5.

[0007] The three fixing devices 3, 4, 5 are all of a pressing plate connection structure. The pressing plates 10, 11, 12 are respectively fixed at different positions on the tooling base 2 through bolts. The first fixing device 3 is arranged on one side of the tooling base 2, and the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 are arranged on the other side of the tooling base 2 opposite to the first fixing device 3. Moreover, the upper surface of the tooling base 2 has a high-low plane setting, and the position of the first fixing device 3 on the tooling base 2 is higher than the positions of the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 on the tooling base 2.

[0008] At least one positioning pin 13 is provided on the tooling base 2 described above.

[0009] A channel 14 is provided on the tooling base 2 described above.

[0010] The first fixing device 3 contacts the positioning surface 6 of the workpiece.

[0011] The side surface of the channel 14 described above is a curved surface.

[0012] The force application points of the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5 on the workpiece are located at three different height positions in the vertical direction, and the three force application points form a triangular distribution in three-dimensional space.

[0013] At least three adjusting screws 15, 16, 17, or preferably four adjusting screws 15, 16, 17, 18 are provided on the side wall surface of the adjusting tooling 1 described above.

[0014] The clamping device for the workpiece formed by the above technical solution of the present invention, by providing at least three fixing devices 3, 4, 5 on the tooling base 2, wherein the acting positions of at least two fixing devices on the workpiece are at high and low positions, and there is a planar angle or an angle in three-dimensional space between the acting directions applied to the workpiece, realizes applying acting forces in different directions to the workpiece at different horizontal heights to increase the clamping stability of the workpiece, and the fixing devices clamp the edge position of the workpiece to be clamped without blocking the points to be detected and the processing path of the workpiece; a positioning pin is provided on the tooling base 2 to limit the horizontal position of the workpiece and prevent the workpiece from moving horizontally during the processing. Further, a channel 14 is provided on the tooling base 2 to provide a rapid assembly slideway for the workpiece, while increasing the fitting degree and assembly speed between the workpiece and the tooling base 2, and providing a processing path for the bottom processing of the workpiece. Through the above technical solution, rapid positioning of the workpiece is realized, the assembly position is accurate, the workpiece is clamped stably, and sufficient operating space is provided for the spatial position measurement and precision machining of the workpiece. And by unifying the standard surfaces of the adjusting tooling 1 and the tooling base 2, the coordinate system of the workpiece is coordinated with the clamping device, and the spatial attitude of the workpiece is established after measurement and positioning. The workpiece can be conveniently and quickly positioned with the clamping device and the processing machine tool to establish a unified coordinate system, improving the processing efficiency and processing accuracy of the workpiece, being applicable to large-scale processing production, and greatly improving the economic benefits of workpiece processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a workpiece clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is an exploded structural diagram of a workpiece clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural appearance diagram of a workpiece clamping device clamping a workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic top view of the structure of a workpiece clamping device clamping a workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a workpiece clamping device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is an exploded schematic structural diagram of a workpiece clamping device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural appearance diagram of a workpiece clamping device clamping a workpiece according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 It is a schematic top view of the structure of a workpiece clamping device clamping a workpiece according to another embodiment of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0023] The following details the specific implementation manners of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the specific implementation manners of the present invention is for facilitating a comprehensive understanding of the technical content of the present invention, and should not be regarded as a limitation on the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for facilitating the description of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

[0025] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0026] The technical solution of the specific embodiment of the present invention is:

[0027] Such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, a clamping device for a workpiece includes an adjustment tooling 1. A tooling base 2 is provided on the adjustment tooling 1. At least three fixing devices 3, 4, 5 for fixing the workpiece are provided on the tooling base 2. Among the three fixing devices 3, 4, 5, the positions of the acting forces on the workpiece of at least two fixing devices are arranged in a high-low configuration. There is at least one positioning surface 6 that cooperates with the clamped workpiece, and the fixing devices do not block the points to be measured and the surfaces to be machined of the workpiece.

[0028] As Figure 1 As shown in the figure, at the bottom end of the clamping device for the workpiece, there is an adjustment tooling 1 for assembling with a machine tool. The adjustment tooling 1 has a reference surface. A tooling base 2 is arranged on the adjustment tooling 1. The tooling base 2 and the adjustment tooling 1 are fixedly connected by screws 9. The tooling base 2 has a reference surface to establish a unified reference with the reference surface of the adjustment tooling 1, so that the workpiece matches the coordinate system of the clamping device. After the clamped workpiece undergoes measurement positioning and attitude adjustment, it can be installed on the processing machine tool together with the clamping device to achieve rapid positioning and coordinate conversion. At least three fixing devices 3, 4, 5 for fixing the workpiece are provided on the tooling base 2. The three fixing devices 3, 4, 5 fix the workpiece to be clamped on the tooling base 2. Among them, there is a height difference in the positions of the acting forces on the workpiece of at least two fixing devices, so that the fixing devices apply clamping forces to the workpiece at different heights. By applying acting forces to the workpiece at different horizontal heights, the clamping stability and clamping force of the workpiece are increased. And there is at least one positioning surface 6 that cooperates between at least one fixing device and the clamped workpiece, so that the clamping surface of the workpiece is closely attached to the fixing device, accurately positioning and stably fixing the workpiece. After the workpiece is clamped to the clamping device, six-point measurement is required to adjust the workpiece attitude and subsequent precision machining. The at least three fixing devices 3, 4, 5 clamp the edge parts and non-machined surfaces of the workpiece, and do not block the points to be measured and the surfaces to be machined of the workpiece, providing sufficient space for subsequent measurement of the spatial position of the workpiece and machining.

[0029] An included angle or a three-dimensional space included angle exists between the directions of the fixing acting forces applied to the workpiece by at least two of the three fixing devices 3, 4, 5.

[0030] The at least two fixing devices apply fixing forces in different directions to the workpiece to be clamped, generating forces on the workpiece in at least two directions. In particular, two of the fixing devices apply forces in the same direction to the workpiece, and the different-direction forces applied by the third fixing device 5 to the workpiece form a planar angle. Or the three fixing devices 3, 4, 5 apply three different-direction forces to the workpiece respectively. Therefore, the directions of the forces applied by the three fixing devices 3, 4, 5 to the workpiece form an angle in a three-dimensional space. By applying forces in different directions to the workpiece through the three fixing devices 3, 4, 5, the purpose of increasing the clamping stability of the workpiece is achieved. In particular, the workpiece to be clamped is an engine guide vane, which is composed of an upper flange 19, a lower flange 20 and a blade body. The second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 clamp the upper flange of the guide vane and apply an obliquely downward force to the guide vane. The first fixing device 3 clamps the lower flange of the guide vane and applies a vertically downward force to the guide vane. The two-direction forces applied by the three fixing devices 3, 4, 5 to the guide vane form an angle on a plane. Also, according to the structural characteristics and processing requirements of the workpiece to be clamped, the directions of the clamping forces of the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 can be adjusted to different directions, that is, the directions of the forces applied by the three fixing devices 3, 4, 5 to clamp the workpiece form an angle in space, achieving the effect of increasing the clamping stability.

[0031] The three fixing devices 3, 4, 5 are all of a pressing plate connection structure. The pressing plates 10, 11, 12 are respectively fixed at different positions on the tooling base 2 through bolts. The first fixing device 3 is arranged on one side of the tooling base 2, and the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 are arranged on the other side of the tooling base 2 opposite to the first fixing device 3. Moreover, the upper surface of the tooling base 2 has a high-low plane setting, and the position where the first fixing device 3 is located on the tooling base 2 is higher than the positions where the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 are located on the tooling base 2.

[0032] Such as Figure 2As shown, the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5 are respectively composed of pressing plates 10, 11, and 12 and bolts. The pressing plates 10, 11, and 12 press down the workpiece to be clamped and are movably connected to the surface of the tooling base 2 through bolts; the upper surface of the tooling base 2 is composed of horizontal planes with different heights. The first fixing device 3 is located on the higher horizontal plane and on one side of the upper surface of the tooling base 2. The second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 are located on the lower horizontal plane and on the other side of the tooling base 2 relative to the first fixing device 3. The positions of the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5 on the tooling base 2 present a spatial triangular distribution relative to the standard plane of the tooling base 2. The second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 are located on the same horizontal plane or at different heights relative to the standard plane of the tooling base 2; the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5 are set in the connection mode of pressing plates and bolts, which are used to clamp the workpiece clamping surfaces with different thicknesses and angles, with good clamping tightness and high workpiece clamping degree. Moreover, the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5 are arranged at different positions and different heights on the tooling base 2, and can clamp different parts of the workpiece according to the structure of the workpiece to be clamped, and apply different directions and magnitudes of acting forces to the workpiece to stably fix the workpiece without blocking the measurement points and machining points of the workpiece to be clamped, providing convenience for subsequent six-point measurement and precision machining. And the workpiece is fixed by means of a movable connection, which is convenient for loading and unloading the workpiece and realizes rapid clamping and fixing of the workpiece; in particular, the left part of the upper surface of the tooling base 2 is a high plane, and the right part is a low plane. The first fixing device 3 is arranged on the high plane, and the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 are arranged on the low plane and are respectively arranged on the front and back sides of the low plane. The positions of the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5 form a spatial triangle relative to the standard plane of the tooling base 2.

[0033] At least one positioning pin 13 is provided on the tooling base 2.

[0034] At least one positioning pin 13 is inserted on one side of the upper surface of the tooling base 2 for blocking the workpiece to be clamped in the horizontal direction. After the workpiece to be clamped is fixed to the tooling base 2 by the fixing device and the surface of the workpiece is in close contact with the positioning pin 13, the position of the workpiece to be clamped is fixed. The positioning pin 13 is used to limit the position of the workpiece in the horizontal direction and prevent the workpiece from moving horizontally, so as to further position and stabilize the workpiece to be clamped. In particular, when the workpiece to be clamped is a single-stage guide vane, a positioning pin 13 is arranged at the rear side of the upper surface of the tooling base 2, and the positioning pin 13 is in close contact with the surface of the vane body to prevent the vane from moving back and forth, and the vane is fixed together with the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5. Or when the workpiece to be clamped is a double-stage guide vane, the double-stage guide vane is composed of an upper edge plate, a lower edge plate and two vane bodies. A positioning pin 13 is respectively arranged on both sides of the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5, so that the outer edge of the upper edge plate of the vane is abutted against the two positioning pins 13 to control the left and right movement of the vane, and then the vane is clamped and fixed by the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5.

[0035] A channel 14 is provided on the tooling base 2.

[0036] A channel 14 penetrating the upper surface of the tooling base 2 is provided on the tooling base 2. The first fixing device 3 is arranged on one side surface of the channel 14, and the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 are arranged on the opposite side surface of the channel 14 or on the bottom surface within the channel 13. The top surface and the side wall of the side surface of the channel 14 where the first fixing device 3 is located are respectively in contact with two contact surfaces of the workpiece to be clamped, pressing the workpiece against the positioning pin 13. At this time, the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 are correspondingly clamped at the corresponding parts of the workpiece to be clamped, realizing the positioning of the workpiece to be clamped. There is a certain space between the lower part of the fixed workpiece to be clamped and the bottom surface of the channel 14 for measuring and machining the workpiece. Among them, relative to the standard surface of the tooling base 2, the side surface of the channel 14 where the first fixing device 3 is located is higher than the side surface where the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 are arranged; particularly, the workpiece to be clamped is a multi-piece guide vane. The upper edge plate and the lower edge plate of the multi-piece guide vane are respectively erected on the two side surfaces of the channel 14. The side surface and the lower surface of the lower edge plate of the vane are respectively in contact with the upper surface and the side wall of the side surface of the channel 14 where the first fixing device 3 is located. The side surface and the lower surface of the upper edge plate of the vane are respectively in contact with the upper surface and the side wall of the other side surface of the channel 14 where the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 are located. The vane is clamped to the tooling base 2 by the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5. Or the workpiece to be clamped is a single-piece guide vane. A groove is provided on the side surface of the channel 14 where the first fixing device 3 is located. The lower edge plate of the single-piece guide vane is inserted into the groove on the side surface of the channel 14 where the first fixing device 3 is located and abuts against the protruding part on the side surface of the channel 14. Then, the first fixing device 3 presses down on the lower edge plate to clamp and fix the lower edge plate of the vane. The upper edge plate of the vane is supported on the other side surface of the channel 14, and the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 press down on the upper edge plate to fix the upper edge plate.

[0037] The first fixing device 3 contacts the positioning surface 6 of the workpiece to be clamped.

[0038] The first fixing device 3 fits against at least one surface of the workpiece to be clamped for positioning and clamping the workpiece, and this surface is the positioning surface 6 between the first fixing device 3 and the workpiece. The three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5 contact multiple positioning surfaces of the workpiece to clamp and fix the workpiece. In particular, the workpiece to be clamped is a single-stage guide vane, and the guide vane is clamped by the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5, and is respectively provided with three positioning surfaces. The first positioning surface 6 is a horizontal contact surface generated when the first fixing device 3 presses down the vane to make the lower edge plate fit against the top surface on one side of the channel 14. The second positioning surface 7 is a vertical contact surface generated when the lower edge plate of the vane fits against the side surface of the recess provided on the top surface on one side of the channel 14. The third positioning surface 8 is a contact surface generated when the upper edge plate of the vane contacts the top surface on the other side of the channel 14. Or the vane is a double-stage guide vane, clamped by the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5, and is respectively provided with three positioning surfaces. The first positioning surface 6 is a contact surface generated when the first fixing device 3 presses down the vane to make the lower end surface of the lower edge plate fit against the top surface of the channel 14. The second positioning surface 7 is a contact surface generated when the first fixing device 3 presses down the vane to make the longitudinal side surface of the lower edge plate fit against the side wall of the channel 14. The third positioning surface 8 is a contact surface generated when the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 jointly press down the vane to make the lower end surface of the upper edge plate fit against the top surface on the other side of the channel 14.

[0039] The side surface of the channel 14 is a curved surface.

[0040] According to the external shape of the workpiece, the side surface shape of the channel 14 is set as a curved surface. For example, when the workpiece to be clamped is a single-stage guide vane or a double-stage guide vane, the clamping surfaces of the vane and the clamping device are the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate of the vane, and the shape of the edge plate is a curved surface. To adapt to the shape of the clamping surface of the vane to be machined, the two side surfaces of the channel 14 of the clamping device are set as curved surfaces that match the curvature of the curved surfaces of the upper and lower edge plates, so that the upper and lower edge plates of the vane closely adhere to the two side surfaces and the side wall of the channel 14, realizing the positioning of the vane, improving the stability of vane clamping, and facilitating clamping and disassembly, thereby improving the assembly efficiency and firmness.

[0041] The force application points of the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5 on the workpiece are located at three different height positions in the vertical direction, and the three force application points form a triangular distribution in the three-dimensional space.

[0042] According to the requirements of the structure and fixed position of different workpieces, the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5 apply clamping force to the workpiece at different heights to enhance the clamping force and stabilizing effect, and the force application points of the fixing devices are located at different heights to effectively avoid blocking the points to be detected and the surfaces to be processed of the workpiece, which is convenient for subsequent detection and processing; in particular, the workpiece to be clamped is a single-link guide blade or a double-link guide blade, and the position of the first fixing device 3 relative to the standard surface of the tooling base 2 is higher than that of the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5, which is used to clamp the lower edge plate of the blade, and the positions of the second fixing device 4 and the third fixing device 5 are located at different heights to jointly clamp the upper edge plate of the blade, and the three fixing devices 3, 4, and 5 apply clamping force to the blade at three different heights to form a specific clamping posture of the blade, which enhances the clamping force and facilitates subsequent measurement and processing.

[0043] The side wall surface of the adjusting fixture 1 is provided with at least three adjusting screws 15, 16, 17, or preferably four adjusting screws.

[0044] The at least three adjusting screws 15, 16, 17 are arranged on the lower side wall of the adjusting tool 1, and are respectively located in different directions. After the clamping device is installed on the machine tool, the posture of the workpiece on the clamping device is adjusted according to the processing requirements by rotating the adjusting screws 15, 16, 17 located in different directions to correct the processing posture of the workpiece to meet the processing requirements; in particular, the lower side of the adjusting tool 1 is provided with four adjusting screws 15, 16, 17, 18, which are respectively located in four different directions symmetrically front to back and left to right. The clamping device is assembled to the machine tool, and the posture of the workpiece is adjusted and corrected by adjusting the screws 15, 16, 17, 18 in four directions.

[0045] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A clamping device for a workpiece, comprising an adjustment tooling (1), characterized in that, The adjusting tooling (1) is provided with a tooling base (2). The tooling base (2) is provided with at least three fixing devices (3, 4, 5) for fixing the workpiece. Among the three fixing devices (3, 4, 5), at least two of the acting positions of the fixing forces on the workpiece are in a high-low configuration. There is at least one positioning surface (6) that cooperates with the workpiece to be clamped, and the fixing devices do not block the points to be measured and the surfaces to be machined of the workpiece.

2. The clamping device for the workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is an included angle or a three-dimensional space included angle between the directions of the fixing forces applied to the workpiece by at least two of the three fixing devices (3, 4, 5).

3. The clamping device for the workpiece according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The three fixing devices (3, 4, 5) are all press plate connection structures. The press plates (10, 11, 12) are respectively fixed at different positions on the tooling base (2) by bolts. The first fixing device (3) is arranged on one side of the tooling base (2), and the second fixing device (4) and the third fixing device (5) are arranged on the other side of the tooling base (2) opposite to the first fixing device (3). Moreover, there is a high-low plane setting on the upper surface of the tooling base (2). The position of the first fixing device (3) on the tooling base (2) is higher than the positions of the second fixing device (4) and the third fixing device (5) on the tooling base (2).

4. The clamping device for a workpiece according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one positioning pin (13) is provided on the tooling base (2).

5. The clamping device for the workpiece according to claim 4, characterized in that A channel (14) is provided on the tooling base (2).

6. The clamping device for the workpiece according to claim 5, characterized in that The first fixing device (3) contacts the positioning surface (6) of the workpiece.

7. The clamping device for a workpiece according to claim 6, characterized in that The side surface of the channel (14) is a curved surface.

8. The clamping device for a workpiece according to claim 7, characterized in that The force application points of the three fixing devices (3, 4, 5) on the workpiece are located at three different height positions in the vertical direction, and the three force application points are distributed in a triangular shape in the three-dimensional space.

9. The clamping device for the workpiece according to claim 7, characterized in that At least three adjusting screws (15, 16, 17), or preferably four adjusting screws, are provided on the side wall surface of the adjusting tooling 1.

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