Flatness measuring device based on large-size optical glass

Abstract

The invention discloses a flatness measuring device based on large-size optical glass, and relates to the field of optical glass flatness measurement, the flatness measuring device comprises a positioning table, the upper surface of the positioning table is fixedly provided with a bearing assembly and a turning assembly, the turning assembly is perpendicular to the bearing assembly, and the top of the turning assembly is movably connected with a scanning assembly. The scanning assembly comprises a supporting rod, a connecting block is fixedly installed at the bottom of the supporting rod, and a three-folded plate is rotationally connected to the bottom of the connecting block. Horizontal feeding is achieved through gear and rack transmission, rotary motion is converted into composite motion of a vertical plane through a spiral groove mechanism, and high-precision and full-area scanning of the surface of large-size optical glass is finally achieved by combining angle and position control of a servo motor on an optical emitter. The device has the core advantages that two-dimensional motion control is simplified through mechanical structure design, measurement efficiency and stability are improved, and the device is suitable for large-size flatness detection scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical glass flatness measurement, and specifically to a large-size optical glass flatness measurement device. Background Art

[0002] Optical glass flatness measurement refers to the technical process of precisely measuring and evaluating the flatness of the surface of optical glass.

[0003] However, in the prior art, when detecting the flatness of large-size optical glass, since the single effective measurement area of conventional high-precision measuring instruments is much smaller than the size of the glass to be measured, it is impossible to directly obtain the full-surface data. Especially, the laser scanning profiler obtains the surface profile through linear scanning, and the length of its probe arm is limited (conventional model ≤ 1.5 meters), which cannot meet the requirements of large-size rapid detection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large-size optical glass flatness measurement device to solve the problem in the above background art that the laser scanning profiler obtains the surface profile through linear scanning, and the length of its probe arm is limited (conventional model ≤ 1.5 meters), which cannot meet the requirements of large-size rapid detection.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A large-size optical glass flatness measurement device includes a positioning table, on the upper surface of which a bearing component and a deflection component are fixedly installed. The deflection component is perpendicular to the bearing component, and a scanning component is movably connected to the top of the deflection component; The scanning component includes a support rod, at the bottom of which an adapter block is fixedly installed. The bottom of the adapter block is rotatably connected to a three-fold plate, and connecting rods are fixedly installed on the lower surfaces of both ends of the three-fold plate. A first servo motor is fixedly installed at the top of the support rod, the output end of the first servo motor is fixedly connected to an adapter plate, an arc-shaped rack is slidably connected to one side of the adapter plate, and a light emitter is fixedly installed at one end of the arc-shaped rack; The deflection component includes a cylinder, on the surface of which spiral grooves are alternately communicated, and the connecting rod is slidably connected inside the spiral grooves.

[0006] Preferably, the bearing component includes positioning blocks fixedly installed at both ends of the upper surface of the positioning table. A first guiding rod is fixedly installed between the two positioning blocks, a bearing plate is sleeved on the outer wall of the first guiding rod, and a rack is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the bearing plate.

[0007] Preferably, the deflection component includes an arch-shaped bracket and a reduction motor. The reduction motor is located at one end of the arch-shaped bracket, the output shaft of the reduction motor is fixedly connected to a transmission rod, and a limiting cylinder is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the positioning table. The transmission rod is rotatably installed inside the limiting cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, gears are fixedly mounted on the outer wall and the end of the transmission rod body, the transmission rod is located at the bottom of the arch bracket, and the transmission rod is meshed and connected with the rack on the lower surface of the bearing plate through the provided gear.

[0009] Preferably, a limiting block is fixedly installed at the other end of the arch bracket, a double-headed gear shaft is rotatably installed inside the limiting block, and one end of the double-headed gear shaft is meshedly connected with a gear at the end of the transmission rod.

[0010] Preferably, the cylinder is rotatably mounted on the top of the arch bracket, a bevel gear is fixedly mounted on one end of the cylinder, and one end of the bevel gear is meshedly connected with the double-headed gear shaft.

[0011] Preferably, a second guide rod is fixedly mounted on the top of the arch support, the second guide rod is slidably connected to the engagement block, and the second guide rod is located above the cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, a second servo motor is fixedly mounted on the other side of the connecting plate, and a connecting gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second servo motor, and the connecting gear is meshingly connected to the arc-shaped gear rod.

[0013] Preferably, a blocking plate is fixedly mounted on the other end of the arc-shaped gear rod, a limiting rod is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the connecting plate, and the arc-shaped gear rod overlaps the upper surface of the limiting rod.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, horizontal feeding is achieved through gear rack transmission, and the spiral groove mechanism is used to convert the rotational motion into a compound motion in the vertical plane. Combined with the servo motor to control the angle and position of the light emitter, high-precision, full-area scanning of the large-size optical glass surface is finally achieved. Its core advantage is that the two-dimensional motion control is simplified through the mechanical structure design, the measurement efficiency and stability are improved, and it is suitable for large-size flatness detection scenarios.

[0015] 2. In the present invention, the scanning component adopts a "dual servo motor + arc gear" structure. The first servo motor accurately adjusts the horizontal scanning angle of the light emitter, and the second servo motor drives the light emitter to slide radially along the arc trajectory through gear meshing, thereby realizing dynamic calibration of the irradiation position and focal length, ensuring that the light is always projected onto the glass surface at the optimal angle. With the vertical height adaptive capability of the spiral groove of the direction-changing component, the scanning component can automatically adapt to the height changes of the glass edge or curved surface, and the full-surface height difference measurement can be completed without additional sensors. The design of the limit rod and the blocking plate limits the range of motion, avoids mechanical collision, and further ensures the accuracy of angle and position adjustment.

[0016] 3. In the present invention, the horizontal movement of the bearing component is combined with the spiral movement of the direction-changing component, enabling the light emitter to form a "progressive spiral scanning" trajectory on the glass surface, covering large-sized planes without dead angles and avoiding the problems of repetition or blind spots in traditional grid scanning. The transmission ratio between the reduction motor and the servo motor is precisely matched through a gear set to ensure uniform scanning speed and consistent row spacing, enhancing the regularity and repeatability of data acquisition. After the measurement is completed, each component automatically resets to the initial state, reducing manual intervention and being suitable for pipeline-style batch detection. The overall structure is compact, the mechanical transmission components have a high degree of integration, and the anti-interference ability is strong, enabling stable operation in an industrial environment and significantly improving the flatness detection efficiency and automation level of large-sized optical glass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring the flatness of large-sized optical glass according to the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a device for measuring the flatness of large-sized optical glass according to the present invention; Figure 3 is a top view of a device for measuring the flatness of large-sized optical glass according to the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of the bearing component and the direction-changing component of a device for measuring the flatness of large-sized optical glass according to the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic view of the lower surface structure of the bearing plate of a device for measuring the flatness of large-sized optical glass according to the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic view of the connection and structure of the direction-changing component and the scanning component of a device for measuring the flatness of large-sized optical glass according to the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic three-dimensional structure view of the scanning component of a device for measuring the flatness of large-sized optical glass according to the present invention; Figure 8 In the present invention Figure 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of part A.

[0018] In the figures: 1, positioning table; 2, bearing component; 3, direction-changing component; 4, scanning component; 21, positioning block; 22, first guiding rod; 23, bearing plate; 24, rack; 31, arched bracket; 32, reduction motor; 33, limit block; 34, transmission rod; 35, double-headed gear shaft; 36, cylinder; 37, bevel gear; 38, limit cylinder; 39, spiral groove; 310, second guiding rod; 41, support rod; 42, first servo motor; 43, connecting plate; 44, connecting block; 45, arc-shaped rack; 46, three-fold plate; 47, connecting rod; 48, light emitter; 49, baffle plate; 410, limit rod; 411, second servo motor; 412, connecting gear. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown: A flatness measurement device for large-size optical glass, I. Overall structure and transmission relationship Carrying component 2: Used to fix and move the optical glass to be measured, and is set as a linear motion in the X-axis direction along the positioning table 1; Direction-changing component 3: Set perpendicular to the carrying component 2 in the Y-axis direction, driving the scanning component 4 to perform a spiral trajectory movement in the vertical plane, and simultaneously realizing the linkage of the X / Y axes; Scanning component 4: Equipped with a light emitter 48, adjusting the light-emitting angle and position through mechanical transmission, and scanning the glass surface; Power transmission path: The power source is a reduction motor 32, which synchronously drives the linear motion of the carrying component 2 and the rotational motion of the direction-changing component 3 through the transmission rod 34, and finally converts it into the composite motion of the scanning component 4; II. Horizontal movement of the carrying component 2 in the X-axis direction Structure: The positioning block 21 fixes the first guide rod 22, and the carrying plate 23 is engaged with the gear at the end of the transmission rod 34 through the rack 24.

[0021] Motion principle: The reduction motor 32 drives the transmission rod 34 to rotate, the gear is engaged with the rack 24, driving the carrying plate 23 to slide horizontally along the first guide rod 22, realizing the linear feed of the glass to be measured in the X-axis direction.

[0022] III. Spiral trajectory drive of the direction-changing component 3 for Y-axis and vertical direction linkage The transmission rod 34 is engaged with the gear of the double-headed gear shaft 35: The gear in the middle of the transmission rod 34 drives the movement of the carrying plate 23, and the gear at the end is engaged with the double-headed gear shaft 35, transmitting the rotational motion to the cylinder 36. The bevel gear 37 at one end of the cylinder 36 is engaged with the double-headed gear shaft 35, ensuring that the cylinder 36 rotates synchronously with the transmission rod 34.

[0023] Guiding function of the spiral groove 39: the spiral groove 39 on the surface of the cylinder 36 is slidably connected to the connecting rod 47 of the scanning component 4. When the cylinder 36 rotates, the spiral groove 39 forces the connecting rod 47 to move along the spiral path of the groove, driving the scanning component 4 to perform a spiral ascent / descent movement in the vertical plane, with both Y-axis horizontal movement and vertical height change, and cooperates with the second guide rod 310 to limit the sliding of the connecting block 44 to ensure that the scanning component 4 moves stably along the Y-axis direction.

[0024] 4. Angle adjustment and optical measurement of scanning component 4 Position adjustment of the light emitter 48: the first servo motor 42 drives the connecting plate 43 to rotate, driving the arc gear rod 45 and the light emitter 48 to rotate around the central axis of the support rod 41 to adjust the scanning angle; the second servo motor 411 engages with the arc gear rod 45 through the connecting gear, driving the light emitter 48 to slide along the arc track to accurately control the irradiation position; the limit rod 410 and the blocking plate 49 limit the movement range of the arc gear rod 45 to ensure the movement accuracy.

[0025] Measurement principle: The light emitter 48 emits laser light to the glass surface, and by receiving the reflected light or the deformation of the projected light spot, combined with the triangulation method or the interference principle, the height difference of each point on the glass surface is calculated, and finally the flatness data is fitted. The spiral trajectory of the scanning component 4 is combined with the horizontal movement of the supporting component 2 to achieve full-area coverage scanning of the glass surface.

[0026] V. Motion coordination and trajectory synthesis Composite motion track: X-axis linear motion of the bearing component 2 + Y-axis spiral motion of the direction-changing component 3, so that the light emitter 48 forms a spiral or grid-like scanning track on the glass surface to ensure measurement without blind spots; Transmission ratio and precision control: The speed and torque of the reduction motor 32 and the servo motor are precisely matched through the transmission ratio of the gear, rack 24 and spiral groove 39 to ensure uniform scanning speed and satisfactory position accuracy.

[0027] Embodiment 2: According to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the scanning assembly 4 includes a support rod 41, a connecting block 44 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support rod 41, a three-fold plate 46 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting block 44, and connecting rods 47 are fixedly installed on the lower surfaces of both ends of the three-fold plate 46, a first servo motor 42 is fixedly installed on the top of the support rod 41, a connecting plate 43 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor 42, an arc-shaped gear rod 45 is slidably connected to one side of the connecting plate 43, a light emitter 48 is fixedly installed at one end of the arc-shaped gear rod 45, a second servo motor 411 is fixedly installed on the other side of the connecting plate 43, a connecting gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second servo motor 411, the connecting gear is meshed with the arc-shaped gear rod 45, a blocking plate 49 is fixedly installed on the other end of the arc-shaped gear rod 45, a limiting rod 410 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting plate 43, and the arc-shaped gear rod 45 overlaps the upper surface of the limiting rod 410.

[0028] In this embodiment, the support rod 41 is slidably connected to the second guide rod 310 of the turning assembly 3 through the bottom connecting block 44, ensuring that the scanning assembly 4 can move along the Y-axis direction. The three-fold plate 46 is installed at the bottom of the connecting block 44 through a rotating connection, and the connecting rods 47 at both ends are embedded in the spiral groove 39 of the cylinder 36 of the turning assembly 3 to form a spiral motion guide.

[0029] Initial position calibration: start the first servo motor 42 and the second servo motor 411 to drive the connecting plate 43 and the arc gear rod 45 to reset, the first servo motor 42 drives the connecting plate 43 to rotate, so that the light emitter 48 is aligned with the starting measurement point of the glass edge, and the second servo motor 411 drives the arc gear rod 45 to slide on the limit rod 410 through the connecting gear, so as to adjust the radial position of the light emitter 48 to the initial scanning distance; 2. Angle adjustment: Horizontal angle rotation: The output shaft of the first servo motor 42 drives the connecting plate 43 to rotate clockwise / counterclockwise around the central axis of the support rod 41, and synchronously drives the arc gear rod 45 and the light emitter 48 to rotate around the axis of the support rod 41 to adjust the horizontal angle of light projection and the scanning angle along the width direction of the glass. The three-fold plate 46 slides on the second guide rod 310 with the connecting block 44 to maintain the movement coordination with the direction-changing component 3; Angle precision control: the limit rod 410 supports the arc-shaped gear rod 45 to prevent shaking during rotation, and the blocking plate 49 limits the sliding limit position of the arc-shaped gear rod 45 to avoid over-limit of angle adjustment; 3. Position fine adjustment: The second servo motor 411 meshes with the arc gear rod 45 through the connecting gear, driving the light emitter 48 to slide along the arc track of the arc gear rod 45. When the connecting gear rotates clockwise / counterclockwise, the arc gear rod 45 radially approaches or moves away from the center of the support rod 41 on the limit rod 410, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the distance between the light emitter 48 and the glass surface and vertical focal length calibration, and cooperate with the vertical height change of the spiral groove 39 to ensure that the light emitter 48 can be accurately focused at different height positions; Limit and stability: The limit rod 410 serves as the support track for the arc-shaped toothed rod 45, restricting its sliding to only a preset arc path. The blocking plate 49 prevents the arc-shaped toothed rod 45 from sliding excessively, protecting the light emitter 48 from colliding with other components; IV. Helical motion coordination: Linkage with the direction-changing component 3 The direction-changing component 3 drives the scanning trajectory: When the cylinder 36 of the direction-changing component 3 rotates due to the gear meshing of the transmission rod 34 and the double-headed gear shaft 35, the spiral groove 39 forces the connecting rod 47 to move along a spiral path. The triple-fold plate 46 drives the connecting block 44 to slide horizontally in the Y-axis direction on the second guiding rod 310. At the same time, due to the lifting characteristics of the spiral groove 39, the scanning component 4 synchronously generates a height change in the vertical direction (Z-axis), forming a compound motion of spiral ascent / descent. The support rod 41 moves with the connecting block 44 to ensure that the angle and position adjustment of the light emitter 48 are synchronized with the spiral trajectory; Motion coupling relationship: The X-axis horizontal movement of the gear-rack 24 of the bearing component 2 is combined with the Y-axis spiral motion of the scanning component 4, enabling the light emitter 48 to form a "row-by-row spiral scan" trajectory on the glass surface, covering the entire area without blind spots; V. Optical scanning and data acquisition Light projection and feedback: The light emitter 48 emits measurement light such as laser and infrared light onto the glass surface. After the light is reflected by the glass, the position of the reflected light or interference fringes is captured by the receiving device. Based on the principle of triangulation, the height values of each point on the glass surface are calculated through the emission angle, reception angle, and optical path difference, or the flatness error is analyzed through the deformation of the interference fringes; Dynamic adjustment and scanning: During the scanning process, if the undulation of the glass surface is detected, the control system drives the first / second servo motor 411 to finely adjust the angle and position of the light emitter 48 in real time to ensure that the light is always projected vertically or at a preset angle onto the measurement point. The continuous sliding of the connecting rod 47 in the spiral groove 39 enables the light emitter 48 to automatically adapt to the height changes of the glass edge or curved surface in the vertical plane; VI. Circular scanning and reset Area coverage scanning: When the carrier plate 23 moves to the end along the X-axis, the reduction motor 32 reverses, and the carrier plate 23 moves in the reverse direction. At the same time, the cylinder 36 continues to rotate, and the scanning component 4 resets to the starting position of the next row through the spiral groove 39, repeating the angle adjustment and scanning actions until the measurement of the entire glass surface is completed; Reset after measurement: The second servo motor 411 drives the arc-shaped toothed rod 45 to reset to the initial radial position, the light emitter 48 returns to a safe distance, the first servo motor 42 drives the connecting plate 43 to rotate, aligning the axis of the light emitter 48 with the axis of the support rod 41 to avoid component stress during long-term static placement. The connecting block 44 slides along the second guiding rod 310 to the initial end of the direction-changing component 3, waiting for the next measurement task; Summary of the core operation logic: Angle adjustment of the first servo motor 42 → Radial fine-tuning of the second servo motor 411 → Spiral trajectory linkage and direction-changing component 3 → Operation of the optical scanning light emitter 48 → Circular coverage of the entire surface → Reset and standby. Through the design of "dual servo motors controlling angle and position + spiral groove 39 guiding compound movement", the scanning component 4 realizes high-precision and full-area scanning of the surface of large-sized optical glass, ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of flatness measurement.

[0030] Embodiment 3: According to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the bearing component 2 includes positioning blocks 21, which are fixedly installed at both ends of the upper surface of the positioning table 1. A first guiding rod 22 is fixedly installed between the two positioning blocks 21. A bearing plate 23 is sleeved on the outer wall of the first guiding rod 22. A rack 24 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the bearing plate 23. The direction-changing component 3 includes an arched bracket 31 and a reduction motor 32. The reduction motor 32 is located at one end of the arched bracket 31. The output shaft of the reduction motor 32 is fixedly connected to a transmission rod 34. A limiting cylinder 38 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the positioning table 1. The transmission rod 34 is rotatably installed inside the limiting cylinder 38. Gears are fixedly installed on the outer wall and end of the rod body of the transmission rod 34. The transmission rod 34 is located at the bottom of the arched bracket 31. The transmission rod 34 is meshed with the rack 24 on the lower surface of the bearing plate 23 through the gears provided. A limiting block 33 is fixedly installed at the other end of the arched bracket 31. A double-headed gear shaft 35 is rotatably installed inside the limiting block 33. One end of the double-headed gear shaft 35 is meshed with the gear at the end of the transmission rod 34. A cylinder 36 is rotatably installed on the top of the arched bracket 31. A bevel gear 37 is fixedly installed at one end of the cylinder 36. One end of the bevel gear 37 is meshed with the double-headed gear shaft 35. A second guiding rod 310 is fixedly installed on the top of the arched bracket 31. The second guiding rod 310 is slidably connected with the connecting block 44. The second guiding rod 310 is located above the cylinder 36.

[0031] In this embodiment, I. Bearing component 2: Horizontal movement, feeding in the X-axis direction Structure positioning and initial installation: The positioning blocks 21 are fixed at both ends of the positioning table 1 to support the first guiding rod 22 to form a horizontal guide rail. The bearing plate 23 is sleeved on the first guiding rod 22 through a sleeve and can slide along the X-axis direction; The optical glass to be measured is placed on the bearing plate 23 and fixed through a positioning structure fixture to ensure stable displacement-free during measurement; Power input and rack and pinion 24 transmission: After the reduction motor 32 is started, the output shaft drives the transmission rod 34 to rotate inside the limiting cylinder 38, and the limiting cylinder 38 provides axial support to prevent the transmission rod 34 from shifting; The gear on the outer wall of the transmission rod 34 meshes with the rack 24 on the lower surface of the bearing plate 23, converting the rotational motion of the motor into the linear motion of the bearing plate 23. When the transmission rod 34 rotates clockwise, the gear drives the rack 24 to move to the right, and the bearing plate 23 slides to the right along the first guide rod 22. When rotating counterclockwise, the bearing plate 23 resets to the left, realizing the reciprocating feed in the X-axis direction.

[0032] Function realization: The horizontal movement of the bearing plate 23 drives the glass to be measured to pass through the scanning area row by row. Cooperating with the vertical movement of the scanning assembly 4, it realizes the full-width coverage scanning of the glass surface. The rack and pinion 24 drive has the characteristics of high precision and large torque, which is suitable for the stable movement of large-sized glass. Second, the direction-changing assembly 3: The spiral trajectory drives the Y-axis to be linked with the vertical direction Power branch and gear transmission chain: The gear at the end of the transmission rod 34 meshes with the gear at one end of the double-headed gear shaft 35, dividing the power of the reduction motor 32 into two paths. One path drives the bearing assembly 2 to move horizontally in the X-axis, and the other path is transmitted to the bevel gear 37 through the double-headed gear shaft 35, driving the cylinder 36 to rotate on the top of the arched bracket 31. The bevel gear 37 changes the transmission direction to realize the power transmission in the vertical direction. The spiral groove 39 guides and is linked with the scanning assembly 4: The spiral groove 39 on the surface of the cylinder 36 is slidably connected to the connecting rod 47 of the scanning assembly 4. When the cylinder 36 rotates, the spiral shape of the spiral groove 39 forces the connecting rod 47 to move along the groove. The connecting rod 47 is connected to the connecting block 44 of the scanning assembly 4 through the three-fold plate 46, driving the scanning assembly 4 to slide horizontally in the Y-axis direction on the second guide rod 310. At the same time, due to the lifting characteristics of the spiral groove 39, a height change in the vertical direction Z-axis is generated, forming a spiral ascending / descending composite motion trajectory. The second guide rod 310 restricts the movement direction of the connecting block 44 to ensure that the scanning assembly 4 only moves stably in the Y-axis direction, avoiding rotation or shaking. Transmission ratio and motion synchronization: The rotational speed of the reduction motor 32 is precisely matched with the rotational speed of the cylinder 36 through the gear group transmission rod 34 → double-headed gear shaft 35 → bevel gear 37, ensuring the synchronization of the X-axis movement of the bearing assembly 2 and the spiral movement of the scanning assembly 4, forming a uniform scanning pitch. Every time it rotates one week, the bearing plate 23 moves the width of one scanning row. The limit block 33 supports the double-headed gear shaft 35 to ensure the stability of gear meshing and avoid axial movement during the transmission process. Third, the collaborative working process of the two components Power startup and initialization: Start the reduction motor 32, and the transmission rod 34 begins to rotate. At the same time, it drives the 2X-axis of the bearing component and the cylinder 36 of the direction-changing component 3 to rotate. The connecting rod 47 of the scanning component 4 enters the starting point of the spiral groove 39 with the initial rotation of the cylinder 36. The connecting block 44 is located at the left or right edge of one end of the second guide rod 310, and the light emitter 48 is aligned with the starting measurement point on the glass edge; Compound motion trajectory synthesis: In the X-axis direction: The bearing plate 23 moves horizontally along the first guide rod 22, driving the glass surface to pass through the scanning area row by row. In the Y-axis and the vertical direction: When the cylinder 36 rotates, the spiral groove 39 drives the scanning component 4 to move horizontally along the Y-axis. At the same time, when the height changes due to the spiral pitch angle from one end of the glass to the other end during scanning, it gradually rises or falls, forming a spiral scanning trajectory; The combination of the two makes the light emitter 48 form a "row-by-row spiral coverage" on the glass surface, ensuring blind-free measurement; Limiting and resetting: When the bearing plate 23 moves to the extreme right position at the end of the X-axis, the reduction motor 32 reverses, and the bearing plate 23 moves in the reverse direction. At the same time, the cylinder 36 continues to rotate, and the scanning component 4 is reset to the starting position of the next row through the spiral groove 39, and the Y-axis moves in the reverse direction with synchronous height adjustment; The limiting cylinder 38 and the limiting block 33 ensure the rotation accuracy of the transmission rod 34 and the double-headed gear shaft 35, preventing mechanical collision caused by excessive rotation.

[0033] IV. Summary of core functions The bearing component 2 realizes the horizontal feeding of the glass through the gear-rack 24 drive, covering a large size range in the X-axis direction. The direction-changing component 3 converts the single rotation power into the composite motion of the horizontal movement of the Y-axis and the vertical height change of the scanning component 4 through the gear set and the spiral groove 39 mechanism. The two work together to make the light emitter 48 scan the glass surface along the spiral trajectory. Combined with the servo motor control of the angle and position adjustment of the scanning component 4, the high-efficiency and high-precision measurement of the flatness of large-size optical glass is finally realized.

[0034] Usage method and working principle of this device: With the reduction motor 32 as the core power source, its output shaft drives the transmission rod 34 to rotate within the limit cylinder 38, dividing the power into two paths: One path is through the outer wall gear of the transmission rod 34 meshing with the rack 24 of the bearing assembly 2, driving the bearing plate 23 to slide horizontally along the first guide rod 22, realizing the linear feed of the glass to be measured in the X-axis direction; The other path drives the cylinder 36 to rotate on the top of the arched bracket 31 through the end gear of the transmission rod 34, the double-headed gear shaft 35 and the bevel gear 37. Through the sliding connection between the spiral groove 39 on the surface of the cylinder 36 and the connecting rod 47 of the scanning assembly 4, the scanning assembly 4 is forced to slide horizontally along the second guide rod 310 in the Y-axis direction and generate a vertical height change in the Z-axis due to the lifting characteristics of the spiral groove 39, forming a "spiral ascending / descending" composite motion trajectory. In the scanning assembly 4, the first servo motor 42 drives the connecting plate 43 to rotate around the support rod 41, driving the arc-shaped rack 45 and the light emitter 48 to adjust the horizontal scanning angle. The second servo motor 411 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 45 through the connecting gear, driving the light emitter 48 to slide radially along the arc-shaped trajectory to precisely control the distance from the glass surface. The limit rod 410 and the blocking plate 49 ensure the motion accuracy and safety. The light emitter 48 emits light to the glass surface. By receiving the reflected light or interference fringes, the height differences of each point are calculated using the triangulation method or the interference principle, and the flatness data is fitted. The combination of the X-axis linear motion of the bearing assembly 2 and the Y-axis spiral motion of the direction-changing assembly 3 enables the light emitter 48 to form a "progressive spiral scanning" trajectory, covering the glass surface without dead angles. When the bearing plate 23 moves to the end of the X-axis, the reduction motor 32 reverses and resets, and the scanning assembly 4 switches to the starting position of the next row through the spiral groove 39 to repeat the scanning. The mechanical structures such as the gear rack 24 and the spiral groove 39 cooperate with the high-precision control of the servo motor to ensure uniform scanning speed and controllable position error. After the measurement, each component resets to the initial state. This device converts the flatness measurement of large-size glass into the combination of mechanical trajectory motion and optical signal processing through the collaborative mechanism of "reduction motor 32 drives the composite transmission chain → gear rack 24 realizes horizontal feed → spiral groove 39 mechanism generates vertical plane composite motion → double servo motors finely adjust the angle and position of the light emitter 48 → optical principle measures flatness", with both high efficiency and high precision, and is applicable to the quality inspection of industrial-grade large-size optical components.

[0035] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for measuring the flatness of a large-sized optical glass, comprising a positioning table (1), characterized in that: A carrying component (2) and a direction-changing component (3) are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the positioning table (1). The direction-changing component (3) is perpendicular to the carrying component (2), and a scanning component (4) is movably connected to the top of the direction-changing component (3). The scanning component (4) includes a support rod (41). A connection block (44) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support rod (41). A three-fold plate (46) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connection block (44). Connecting rods (47) are fixedly installed on the lower surfaces of both ends of the three-fold plate (46). A first servo motor (42) is fixedly installed at the top of the support rod (41). The output end of the first servo motor (42) is fixedly connected to a connection plate (43). An arc-shaped toothed rod (45) is slidably connected to one side of the connection plate (43). A light emitter (48) is fixedly installed at one end of the arc-shaped toothed rod (45). The direction-changing component (3) includes a cylinder (36). Intersecting and communicating spiral grooves (39) are formed on the surface of the cylinder (36). The connecting rod (47) is slidably connected to the inside of the spiral groove (39).

2. The flatness measuring device for large-sized optical glass according to claim 1, wherein: The carrying component (2) includes positioning blocks (21). The positioning blocks (21) are fixedly installed at both ends of the upper surface of the positioning table (1). A first guiding rod (22) is fixedly installed between the two positioning blocks (21). A carrying plate (23) is sleeved on the outer wall of the first guiding rod (22). A rack (24) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the carrying plate (23).

3. The flatness measurement device for large-size optical glass according to claim 1, wherein: The direction-changing component (3) includes an arch-shaped bracket (31) and a reduction motor (32). The reduction motor (32) is located at one end of the arch-shaped bracket (31). The output shaft of the reduction motor (32) is fixedly connected to a transmission rod (34). A limiting cylinder (38) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the positioning table (1). The transmission rod (34) is rotatably installed inside the limiting cylinder (38).

4. The flatness measuring device for large-sized optical glass according to claim 3, wherein: Gears are fixedly installed on the outer wall and the end of the rod body of the transmission rod (34). The transmission rod (34) is located at the bottom of the arch-shaped bracket (31). The transmission rod (34) is meshed and connected to the rack (24) on the lower surface of the carrying plate (23) through the provided gears.

5. The flatness measuring device for large-sized optical glass according to claim 3, wherein: A limiting block (33) is fixedly installed at the other end of the arch-shaped bracket (31). A double-headed gear shaft (35) is rotatably installed inside the limiting block (33). One end of the double-headed gear shaft (35) is meshed and connected to the gear at the end of the transmission rod (34).

6. The flatness measurement device for large-sized optical glass according to claim 1, wherein: The cylinder (36) is rotatably installed on the top of the arch-shaped bracket (31). A bevel gear (37) is fixedly installed at one end of the cylinder (36). One end of the bevel gear (37) is meshed and connected to the double-headed gear shaft (35).

7. The flatness measuring device for large-sized optical glass according to claim 3, wherein: A second guiding rod (310) is fixedly installed on the top of the arch-shaped bracket (31). The second guiding rod (310) is slidably connected to the connection block (44). The second guiding rod (310) is located above the cylinder (36).

8. A flatness measuring device for large-size optical glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second servo motor (411) is fixedly installed on the other side of the connection plate (43). The output end of the second servo motor (411) is fixedly connected to a connection gear (412). The connection gear (412) is meshed and connected to the arc-shaped toothed rod (45).

9. The flatness measurement device for large-sized optical glass according to claim 1, wherein: The other end of the arc-shaped tooth bar (45) is fixedly installed with a blocking plate (49). The bottom of the connecting plate (43) is fixedly installed with a limiting rod (410). The arc-shaped tooth bar (45) is lapped on the upper surface of the limiting rod (410).

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