A cable

Abstract

The application relates to the field of cable manufacturing, and in particular to a cable line. The application provides a cable line comprising an outer sheath, a buffer layer, an inner sheath, a filling layer, and at least one core wire, wherein the core wire is disposed within the inner sheath, and the filling layer is used to fill the gap between the core wire and the inner sheath; the buffer layer is disposed between the inner sheath and the outer sheath; wherein the buffer layer is provided with a sensor assembly, which is used to receive at least one of an external pressure signal and an acoustic wave signal, so that the buffer layer can intelligently respond to the pressure signal and / or the acoustic wave signal to protect the cable line, thereby increasing the protective strength, extending the service life, and achieving a lightweight effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of cable manufacturing, and in particular to a cable line. Background Art

[0002] As the core carrier of electrical energy or signal transmission, cables are widely used in power systems, communication networks, industrial equipment, and consumer electronics. Cables in power transmission, communication, and industrial applications are often exposed to mechanical shocks, such as vehicle runover, equipment crushing, and construction collisions. These shocks can easily lead to insulation damage, conductor breakage, or shielding failure, seriously affecting their service life and safety.

[0003] In the prior art, cables usually have a metal armor layer added to the protective layer to improve the mechanical strength of the cable to cope with external crushing or collision.

[0004] However, metal armor is heavy and easily loses its protective effect under frequent bending or high-frequency impact conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a cable to solve the technical problem that the current metal armor is heavy and easily loses its protective effect under frequent bending or high-frequency impact conditions.

[0006] The present application provides a cable, comprising an outer sheath, a buffer layer, an inner sheath, a filling layer, and at least one core wire, wherein the core wire is arranged in the inner sheath, and the filling layer is used to fill the gap between the core wire and the inner sheath; the buffer layer is arranged between the inner sheath and the outer sheath;

[0007] The buffer layer is provided with a sensor component, which is used to receive at least one of an external pressure signal and an acoustic wave signal, so that the buffer layer can expand according to the pressure signal and / or the acoustic wave signal to protect the cable.

[0008] The cable provided in the present application is provided with a sensor component on the buffer layer. When a car or large mechanical equipment is about to run over or collide with the cable, the sensor component can sense the pressure or sound waves in advance and control the expansion of the buffer layer, thereby improving the protection capability of the cable. After the external pressure or collision disappears, the buffer layer can return to its original state. The buffer layer can respond intelligently and expand in time, and maintain its original state when there is no external pressure, thereby extending the service life and having a lightweight effect.

[0009] As an optional embodiment, the sensor assembly includes a terminal receiver and a controller, the terminal receiver is disposed in the buffer layer, and the controller is electrically connected to the terminal receiver; the buffer layer also includes a gas interface and a compressed air generator, the gas interface is disposed in the buffer layer, and the compressed air generator is connected to the gas interface;

[0010] The terminal receiver is used to detect the pressure signal and / or sound wave signal outside the cable line. The controller is electrically connected to the compressed air generator. The controller is used to control the compressed air generator to supply gas to the gas interface according to the pressure signal and / or sound wave signal.

[0011] With this arrangement, the expansion or restoration of the buffer layer can be flexibly controlled through the sensor assembly and the compressed air generator, with precise triggering and fast response.

[0012] As an optional embodiment, the controller is used to calculate the expected bearing weight based on the pressure signal and / or sound wave signal, send a start signal to the compressed air generator, and control the compressed air generator to introduce a corresponding proportion of gas into the gas interface.

[0013] With this arrangement, the inflation ratio can be controlled according to the pressure or impact intensity, so that the buffer layer has a protective effect while reducing energy consumption.

[0014] As an optional embodiment, the buffer layer is further provided with a cooling device, which is arranged between the compressed air generator and the gas interface, and is used to cool the high-temperature compressed air produced by the compressed air generator.

[0015] This arrangement allows the compressed air to be quickly cooled before entering the buffer layer, preventing the high-temperature air from causing aging or performance degradation of the buffer layer.

[0016] As an optional embodiment, the cable further includes a protective layer, which is arranged between the buffer layer and the outer sheath, and is used to protect the buffer layer and the sensor component.

[0017] With such a configuration, the protective layer can protect the buffer layer and the sensor component, thereby preventing the buffer layer or the sensor component from being damaged by external pressure or impact.

[0018] As an optional implementation, the protective layer is a braided high-strength aluminum alloy layer.

[0019] With this arrangement, the buffer layer and sensor components can be protected by weaving a high-strength aluminum alloy layer, while the cable can be made lightweight.

[0020] As an optional embodiment, the core wire includes a conductor and an insulating layer, the insulating layer is used to wrap the conductor, and the outer side of the insulating layer is in contact with the filling layer.

[0021] With this arrangement, the insulating layer and the filling layer can absorb a certain amount of external impact force and protect the conductor.

[0022] As an optional implementation, the insulating layer is made of cross-linked polyethylene material, and the filling layer is made of polypropylene material.

[0023] With this arrangement, the cross-linked polyethylene material and the polypropylene material can produce a certain synergistic effect, which on the one hand enhances the insulation effect, and on the other hand enhances the buffering performance.

[0024] As an optional embodiment, the cable further includes a wrapping tape, which is arranged between the core wire and the inner sheath, and is used to tightly wrap the core wire and the filling layer.

[0025] With this arrangement, the wrapping tape can tightly wrap the scattered core wires and filling materials, making it easier to assemble the cable.

[0026] As an optional implementation, the inner sheath and the outer sheath are made of polyvinyl chloride material.

[0027] With this arrangement, the mechanical strength of the cable can be increased through the double polyvinyl chloride layer.

[0028] The present application provides a cable, comprising an outer sheath, a buffer layer, an inner sheath, a filling layer and at least one core wire, wherein the core wire is arranged in the inner sheath, and the filling layer is used to fill the gap between the core wire and the inner sheath; the buffer layer is arranged between the inner sheath and the outer sheath; wherein the buffer layer is provided with a sensor component, the sensor component is used to receive at least one of an external pressure signal and an acoustic wave signal, so that the buffer layer can intelligently respond according to the pressure signal and / or the acoustic wave signal to protect the cable, thereby increasing the protection strength, extending the service life, and having a lightweight effect.

[0029] In addition to the technical problems solved by the embodiments of the present application described above, the technical features that constitute the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions, other technical problems that can be solved by the cable provided by the present application, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by these technical features will be further described in detail in the specific implementation methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram of a cable provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the intelligent response of the buffer layer of the cable provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 100-cable;

[0035] 110-outer sheath; 120-protective layer; 130-buffer layer; 131-gas interface; 132-terminal receiver; 140-inner sheath; 150-wrapping tape; 160-filling layer; 170-core wire; 171-insulation layer; 172-conductor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, internal communication between two components, or an interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0038] The terms "first," "second," and "third" (if any) in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, such that the embodiments of the application described herein can be practiced in orders other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0039] In addition, the terms "comprises" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or service tool that includes a series of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, product or service tool.

[0040] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] As the core carrier of electrical energy or signal transmission, cables are widely used in power systems, communication networks, industrial equipment, and consumer electronics. Cables in power transmission, communication, and industrial applications are often exposed to mechanical shocks, such as vehicle runover, equipment crushing, and construction collisions. These shocks can easily lead to insulation damage, conductor breakage, or shielding failure, seriously affecting their service life and safety.

[0042] In the prior art, cables usually have a metal armor layer added to the protective layer to improve their mechanical strength to cope with external crushing or collision.

[0043] However, metal armor makes the cable heavy, making it inconvenient to transport and lay. In addition, the metal armored cable has poor bending performance and will produce fatigue under frequent bending or high-frequency impact conditions, resulting in a decrease in compressive performance and even loss of protective effect.

[0044] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a cable, which is protected by a buffer layer. A sensor component is provided on the buffer layer. The sensor component can detect external pressure signals and / or sound wave signals, so that the buffer layer can expand rapidly to cope with the crushing or collision of external cars, large equipment, etc. The buffer layer returns to its original state when there is no pressure, which can prevent the buffer layer from being in an expanded state for a long time, resulting in a decrease in compressive resistance, increasing the protection strength, extending the service life, and having a lightweight effect, which is convenient for cable transportation and laying.

[0045] The following first illustrates an example of the application scenario of the cable provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0046] The cable provided in the embodiment of the present application is used in power systems, communication networks, industrial equipment, consumer electronics and other fields, and can transmit electric energy or signals. The cable includes but is not limited to low-voltage cables, medium-voltage cables, high-voltage cables and communication cables, and the embodiment of the present application does not make specific limitations.

[0047] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram of a cable provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the intelligent response of the buffer layer of the cable provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present application provides a cable 100, including an outer sheath 110, a buffer layer 130, an inner sheath 140, a filling layer 160 and at least one core wire 170, the core wire 170 is arranged in the inner sheath 140, and the filling layer 160 is used to fill the gap between the core wire 170 and the inner sheath 140; the buffer layer 130 is arranged between the inner sheath 140 and the outer sheath 110.

[0049] It can be understood that the outer sheath 110 is in direct contact with the external environment, providing the most basic mechanical protection and weather resistance; the buffer layer 130 is the main protective layer, used to disperse pressure and protect the core wire 170; the inner sheath 140 is located between the buffer layer 130 and the filling layer 160, used to protect and fix the core wire 170, and can cooperate with the buffer layer 130 to form a dynamic buffer space; the filling layer 160 can be a flexible material, used to fill the gap between the core wire 170 and the inner sheath 140, on the one hand, it can fix the core wire 170, on the other hand, it can absorb external impact energy and have a certain protective effect; the core wire 170 can be one or more, and the multiple core wires 170 can be arranged side by side, parallel to each other and not entangled, or can be spirally twisted, and can be set according to the specific type of cable 100.

[0050] As a possible implementation method, the buffer layer 130 is provided with a sensor component, which is used to receive at least one of an external pressure signal and an acoustic wave signal, so that the buffer layer 130 can expand according to the pressure signal and / or the acoustic wave signal to protect the cable 100.

[0051] It can be understood that the buffer layer 130 can respond intelligently to external pressure or impact through the sensor component to quickly expand or restore its original shape; the sensor component can be embedded in the outer wall of the buffer layer 130 or set against the inner side of the outer sheath 110 to detect pressure signals and / or sound wave signals, and calculate the expected pressure or collision based on the type, intensity and distance of the pressure signal and / or sound wave signal to control the expansion of the buffer layer 130 and control the degree of expansion of the buffer layer 130.

[0052] It should be noted that the sensor component can control the intelligent response of the buffer layer 130 based on only one of the pressure signal or the acoustic signal, or can simultaneously perform analysis and calculation based on the pressure signal and the acoustic signal to control the intelligent response of the buffer layer 130.

[0053] As a possible implementation method, the sensor assembly includes a terminal receiver 132 and a controller, the terminal receiver 132 is arranged in the buffer layer 130, and the controller is electrically connected to the terminal receiver 132; the buffer layer 130 also includes a gas interface 131 and a compressed air generator, the gas interface 131 is arranged in the buffer layer 130, and the compressed air generator is connected to the gas interface 131; wherein, the terminal receiver 132 is used to detect the pressure signal and / or sound wave signal outside the cable 100, the controller is electrically connected to the compressed air generator, and the controller is used to control the compressed air generator to pass gas into the gas interface 131 according to the pressure signal and / or sound wave signal.

[0054] It should be noted that the terminal receiver 132 can be integrated with a pressure sensor or an acoustic wave receiver, or both can be integrated into the terminal receiver 132 at the same time. The terminal receiver 132 is used to receive and detect external pressure signals and / or acoustic wave signals. The controller determines whether to control the compressed air generator to work based on the pressure signal and / or acoustic wave signal. The compressed air generator can produce compressed air in a very short time and pass the compressed air into the buffer layer 130 through the gas interface 131.

[0055] Exemplarily, the pressure sensor can be a thin film pressure sensor, and the acoustic wave receiver can be a piezoelectric ceramic piece, and the two are integrated into the terminal receiver 132. The compressed air generator can be a miniature electromagnetic pump, and the gas interface 131 can be a porous silicone diverter, which can simultaneously introduce gas to different positions of the buffer layer 130 to prevent local pressure from being too high. The buffer layer 130 can be an airbag.

[0056] Exemplarily, the terminal receivers 132 can be distributed in a grid pattern, with 4-6 terminal receivers 132 arranged per square meter of the buffer layer 130, and multiple terminal receivers 132 are arranged at circumferential and axial intervals along the buffer layer 130 to avoid detection blind spots; the compressed air generator can be arranged in sections along the length of the cable 100, and it is necessary to shorten the air supply path while saving costs to prevent untimely response; the controller can be a low-power MCU (Microcontroller Unit), and the low-power MCU can be set in the same cavity with the terminal receiver 132, or it can be set in the same cavity with the compressed air generator.

[0057] As a possible implementation, the controller is used to calculate the expected bearing weight based on the pressure signal and / or the sound wave signal, send a start signal to the compressed air generator, and control the compressed air generator to introduce a corresponding proportion of gas into the gas interface 131.

[0058] For example, when large equipment such as an excavator approaches a cable, the various components work together. Terminal receiver 132 detects the pressure and acoustic signals generated by the equipment's vibration in real time, filtering out ambient noise using an anti-interference algorithm. The controller calculates the estimated weight and location of pressure based on the signal characteristics and distance from the signal source. If a threat is detected, it immediately sends a signal to activate the compressed air generator in the response area. The compressed air generator quickly produces a volume of compressed air corresponding to the estimated weight. The compressed air is rapidly injected into the airbag cushioning layer 130 through a porous diversion interface, causing it to expand and disperse the impact force. Upon completion, the controller returns to low-power mode. The entire process is completed within 300ms, ensuring that the airbag expands before mechanical impact to protect the cable 100.

[0059] In another embodiment, the terminal receiver 132 detects the pressure and acoustic signals generated by the device's vibration in real time, filtering out ambient noise using an anti-interference algorithm. A controller compares the signal characteristics and source distance with a large model database to determine whether there is a vehicle runover, a large piece of equipment impact, or other external pressure. It also determines whether there is a threat and its level. For example, if the vehicle runover threat level is level 2, the controller inflates the airbag partially to 50%; if the explosion or large equipment impact threat level is level 1, the controller inflates the entire airbag to 100%. Upon completion, the controller returns to low-power mode. The entire process completes within 300ms, ensuring that the airbag inflates before mechanical impact to protect the cable 100. In this embodiment, presetting the threat level reduces the controller's computing power.

[0060] In some embodiments, the sensor assembly includes a sensing layer, a processing layer, and a communication layer. The sensing layer uses a quantum dot strain sensor array to form a high-density distributed sensing network on the surface of the airbag to simulate the distributed sensing mechanism of the human tactile nervous system. The sensor assembly can use 16 rows × 16 columns of independent sensor units, with a total of 256 detection nodes. For example, a single sensor covers an area of ​​5mm × 5mm, and the entire array can monitor an airbag surface of approximately 8cm × 8cm, which can break through the accuracy limitations of traditional strain gauges and achieve nanometer-level deformation detection. The sensor can also use a hybrid structure of multi-layer sensors and convolutional neural networks, and has adaptive weight distribution learning capabilities; the sensing layer can also be provided with a piezoelectric micro-vibration compensation module, which can include a piezoelectric ceramic array, MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems, micro-electromechanical systems) accelerometer and adaptive controller, the piezoelectric ceramic array is used to generate reverse vibration waves, the MEMS accelerometer can monitor vibration, the adaptive controller can perform real-time phase adjustment, the piezoelectric micro-vibration compensation module can actively offset the signal noise of the cable 100 caused by wind vibration, mechanical vibration, etc., and automatically adjust the compensation strength according to the intensity of the environmental vibration; among them, the sensor can adopt a multi-modal environmental sensing unit, which can sense temperature, humidity and pressure, and adjust the degree of expansion of the airbag according to the external temperature, humidity and pressure. It should be noted that the processing layer is used to process sensor signals. The processing layer may include a dedicated neural processing unit, an edge computing coprocessor, and a security encryption module; the dedicated neural processing unit processes dynamic pressure signals and acoustic wave signals through a pulse neural network to simulate the millisecond-level response of biological nerves; the edge computing coprocessor and the dedicated neural processing unit work together to process signals, which can connect the high-real-time dedicated neural processing unit with complex decision-making logic, offload non-timing critical tasks of the dedicated neural processing unit, and take over basic protection functions when the dedicated neural processing unit fails; the security encryption module ensures the security of the entire link from data to equipment through hardware-level encryption, device authentication, and anti-tampering design, defends against physical and network attacks, and ensures the reliable operation of the system in extreme environments.

[0061] It should be noted that the sensor assembly also features a temperature compensation unit, which compensates for the sensor's temperature, allowing the sensor to maintain detection accuracy despite temperature fluctuations. The temperature compensation unit includes an on-chip temperature control module and a differential detection structure. The on-chip temperature control module integrates a micro-thermoelectric cooler, which stabilizes the sensor's core temperature at 25±0.5°C. The differential detection structure offsets thermal expansion effects through symmetrically designed cantilever beams. The temperature compensation unit can also be optimized through federated learning, aggregating compensation models for terminals in different climate zones in the cloud and distributing regional adaptability parameters.

[0062] It should be noted that the communication layer can include a multi-protocol adaptive RF module, a 5G / 6G compatible baseband, and a bionic anti-interference antenna array. The multi-protocol adaptive RF module can dynamically select the optimal protocol based on signal quality, distance, and energy consumption. The 5G / 6G compatible baseband uses a software-defined radio architecture, which can achieve wide-area coverage while enabling millimeter-wave high-speed emergency communications. Built-in network slicing technology reserves a dedicated channel for protection commands. The bionic anti-interference antenna array can maintain a signal-to-noise ratio of more than 35dB even in interference environments. When the three work together, sensor data is first encoded and encrypted in the baseband, the RF module then selects the optimal transmission path, and finally transmitted via the antenna array's directional beam. The entire process can be completed within 10ms, ensuring communication reliability in extreme environments.

[0063] It should be noted that the sensor component's software architecture utilizes a three-layer biomimetic intelligence design, including a biomimetic perception engine, a large-scale model interface, and an adaptive calibration system. The biomimetic perception engine uses a spiking neural network to simulate the millisecond-level responses of biological nerves, dynamically adjusting weights to identify abnormal cable vibration patterns. The large-scale model interface builds cloud-based collaborative intelligence, employing federated learning for multi-terminal collaborative training. Through knowledge distillation, the capabilities of the cloud-based large-scale model are transferred to edge terminals, forming a dynamically evolving protection strategy. The adaptive calibration system continuously integrates multi-sensor data for online self-calibration, utilizing a long-term drift compensation algorithm to combat environmental aging, ensuring measurement error of no more than 0.5% over a 10-year period. This three-layer architecture, linked through an event-driven mechanism, seamlessly replicates the biological system's "perception-decision-adaptation" cycle, from real-time perception to continuous evolution.

[0064] In some embodiments, the sensor can use MEMS nanoimprint technology to batch replicate quantum dot sensor microstructures on a silicon substrate through a high-precision mold to achieve sub-micron consistency of a 16×16 array. The sensor, processing chip, temperature compensation unit and communication module are packaged through 3D heterogeneous integration to reduce the size of the sensor component. The hardware of the sensor component can use bionic flexible substrate materials to imitate the characteristics of human skin, giving the device environmental adaptability similar to biological tissue.

[0065] In some embodiments, the sensor component optimizes energy efficiency through an event-driven sampling mechanism, dynamic voltage and frequency adjustment, and an energy collection module; exemplarily, the relevant processing and control modules are activated only when the pressure change exceeds a threshold, the static power consumption is low, and the processor state is intelligently adjusted according to the task load to improve energy efficiency. A piezoelectric / thermoelectric dual-mode energy collection system is also provided, which utilizes cable vibration and temperature difference for self-power supply to achieve battery-free operation.

[0066] As a possible implementation, the buffer layer 130 is further provided with a cooling device, which is arranged between the compressed air generator and the gas interface 131 , and is used to cool the compressed gas produced by the compressed air generator.

[0067] It's understandable that compressed gas is typically hot after production. Directly feeding it into the airbag could accelerate aging of the gas port 131 and the airbag, degrading the airbag's protective performance or even causing leakage, leading to loss of protection. Adding a cooling device after the compressed air generator can prevent high temperatures from accelerating airbag aging. The airbag material must meet requirements such as high strength, temperature resistance, flexibility, and environmental stability, such as thermoplastic polyurethane, silicone rubber, or fluororubber.

[0068] It should be noted that a cooling device can be provided at the outlet of the compressed air generator, and the cooled gas is connected to different air holes of the gas interface 131 through multiple pipes. The cooling device can be air-cooled or micro-liquid-cooled, etc., and can be selected according to the specific installation and laying conditions of the cable 100.

[0069] As a possible implementation, the cable 100 further includes a protective layer 120 . The protective layer 120 is disposed between the buffer layer 130 and the outer sheath 110 . The protective layer 120 is used to protect the buffer layer 130 and the sensor assembly.

[0070] It is understandable that when external sharp objects squeeze or misoperation occurs, the buffer layer 130 and the sensor assembly can be easily damaged. By providing a protective layer 120 between the buffer layer 130 and the outer sheath 110, the buffer layer 130 and the sensor assembly can be protected, and the core wire 170 can be further protected. The protective layer 120 can be an aramid fiber braided layer, which is lightweight and puncture-resistant. The protective layer 120 can also be a metal wrapping, which provides electromagnetic shielding. The protective layer 120 can also be a polyurethane elastomer, which can increase the flexibility of the cable 100. The protective layer 120 can also be made of other materials and fixed in other ways according to the specific usage scenario.

[0071] In some embodiments, the protective layer 120 is a braided high-strength aluminum alloy layer.

[0072] As you can understand, the braided structure offers a degree of flexibility compared to a solid metal layer, allowing for some bending while maintaining strength. This structure also disperses external pressure, protecting the internal buffer layer 130 and the sensor from deformation and impact. The high-strength aluminum alloy layer is naturally corrosion-resistant due to the surface oxide layer, and is lightweight, weighing less than steel armor. Furthermore, the metal braided layer provides a certain degree of electromagnetic shielding. The braided high-strength aluminum alloy layer significantly improves the cable's tensile strength, preventing damage to the buffer layer 130 and the internal sensor components from external impact, extrusion, or puncture by sharp objects.

[0073] Exemplarily, the braided high-strength aluminum alloy layer may be a double-layer braided layer, with thin wires used in the inner layer to provide flexibility and thick wires used in the outer layer to enhance protection.

[0074] As a possible implementation, the core wire 170 includes a conductor 172 and an insulating layer 171 . The insulating layer 171 is used to wrap the conductor 172 , and the outer side of the insulating layer 171 is in contact with the filling layer 160 .

[0075] It is understood that core wire 170 transmits electrical energy or signals through conductor 172. Conductor 172 can be made of annealed soft copper wire or annealed soft aluminum wire, which are tightly compressed and twisted. Copper conductor 172 has higher conductivity, lower transmission loss, higher mechanical strength, and better resistance to bending fatigue. Aluminum conductor 172 is lighter and less expensive, and can be selected based on specific usage scenarios. After the conductor 172 wires are compressed and bitten, they are wrapped with insulation layer 171 to insulate the conductor 172 from the outer layer.

[0076] As a possible implementation, the insulating layer 171 is made of cross-linked polyethylene material, and the filling layer 160 is made of polypropylene material.

[0077] It should be noted that cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) used as insulation layer 171 has a long-term operating temperature of 90°C and a short-circuit withstand temperature of 250°C, making it suitable for use in high-temperature environments. Its cross-linked structure is resistant to aging and chemical corrosion, with a service life of over 30 years. As insulation layer 171, it can better protect conductor 172. XLPE insulation layer 171 can be extruded using an extruder. Before extruding the XLPE, conductor 172 can be heated to 80°C to 100°C to avoid delamination caused by thermal contraction differences. In some embodiments, a semiconductive layer, such as a carbon black composite, can be added between conductor 172 and XLPE insulation layer 171 to ensure a uniform electric field distribution when conductor 172 is energized.

[0078] In some embodiments, the filling layer 160 is filled with polypropylene rope. By spirally winding or braiding multiple strands of polypropylene rope, the gaps between the cable core wires 170 can be ensured to be uniform, and the dielectric constant of the polypropylene rope is close to that of the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 171, which has an insulating effect.

[0079] As a possible implementation, the cable 100 further includes a wrapping tape 150 . The wrapping tape 150 is disposed between the core wire 170 and the inner sheath 140 . The wrapping tape 150 is used to tightly wrap the core wire 170 and the filling layer 160 .

[0080] It can be understood that the core wire 170 and the filling layer 160 are compacted by the tension of the wrapping tape 150, which can prevent the core wire 170 from shifting, so that the core wire 170 and the filling layer 160 are approximately cylindrical, and the cross-section is approximately circular. After the wrapping tape 150 is wrapped, the inner side contacts the filling layer 160 or the core wire 170, and the outer layer contacts the inner sheath 140.

[0081] Among them, the wrapping tape 150 can be made of polyester non-woven fabric, polypropylene non-woven fabric or flame retardant non-woven fabric, etc., which can be selected according to the specific usage scenario. The wrapping pitch and overlap rate of the wrapping tape 150 need to be controlled to save materials while avoiding exposed gaps. The wrapping tension of the wrapping tape 150 should not be too small to prevent the core wire 170 and the filling layer 160 from offsetting, and the wrapping tension of the wrapping tape 150 should not be too large to prevent the wrapping tape 150 from breaking.

[0082] As a possible implementation, the inner sheath 140 and the outer sheath 110 are made of polyvinyl chloride material.

[0083] As can be appreciated, the polyvinyl chloride inner sheath 140 and outer sheath 110 offer the advantages of manageable costs, mature manufacturing processes, and adjustable performance. Polyvinyl chloride is flame-retardant and cold-resistant. The inner sheath 140 and outer sheath 110 can be continuously formed into hollow sheaths of varying inner diameters through heating, plasticization, and extrusion in a polyvinyl chloride extruder. The inner sheath 140 and outer sheath 110 can absorb external impact forces and, in conjunction with the protective layer 120 and buffer layer 130, provide protection for the core wire 170.

[0084] The following describes the workflow of the sensor component's sensing layer, processing layer, and communication layer:

[0085] (1) The sensor array collects raw strain data.

[0086] (2) Dedicated neural processing units at the edge perform feature extraction and preliminary classification.

[0087] (3) The cloud-based large model completes detailed analysis and model updates.

[0088] (4) The incremental learning results are transmitted back to the terminal.

[0089] It is understandable that the sensor component organically combines bionic principles, quantum sensing technology and artificial intelligence large models to improve detection accuracy and make it more intelligent.

[0090] The present application provides a cable 100, comprising an outer sheath 110, a buffer layer 130, an inner sheath 140, a filling layer 160 and at least one core wire 170, wherein the core wire 170 is arranged in the inner sheath 140, and the filling layer 160 is used to fill the gap between the core wire 170 and the inner sheath 140; the buffer layer 130 is arranged between the inner sheath 140 and the outer sheath 110; wherein the buffer layer 130 is provided with a sensor component, and the sensor component is used to receive at least one of an external pressure signal and a sound wave signal, so that the buffer layer 130 can respond intelligently according to the pressure signal and / or the sound wave signal to protect the cable 100, thereby increasing the protection strength, extending the service life, and having a lightweight effect.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A cable, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer sheath (110), a buffer layer (130), an inner sheath (140), a filling layer (160), and at least one core wire (170), wherein the core wire (170) is arranged in the inner sheath (140), and the filling layer (160) is used to fill the gap between the core wire (170) layer and the inner sheath (140); the buffer layer (130) is arranged between the inner sheath (140) and the outer sheath (110); The buffer layer (130) is provided with a sensor component, and the sensor component is used to receive at least one of an external pressure signal and a sound wave signal, so that the buffer layer (130) can expand according to the pressure signal and / or the sound wave signal to protect the cable (100); The sensor assembly comprises a terminal receiver (132) and a controller, wherein the terminal receiver (132) is arranged on the buffer layer (130), and the controller is electrically connected to the terminal receiver (132); the buffer layer (130) further comprises a gas interface (131) and a compressed air generator, wherein the gas interface (131) is arranged on the buffer layer (130), and the compressed air generator is in communication with the gas interface (131); The terminal receiver (132) is used to detect a pressure signal and / or a sound wave signal outside the cable (100); the controller is electrically connected to the compressed air generator; and the controller is used to control the compressed air generator to pass gas to the gas interface (131) according to the pressure signal and / or the sound wave signal; The controller is used to calculate the expected bearing weight according to the pressure signal and / or the sound wave signal, send a start signal to the compressed air generator, and control the compressed air generator to pass a corresponding proportion of gas into the gas interface (131).

2. The cable according to claim 1, wherein: The buffer layer (130) is further provided with a cooling device, which is arranged between the compressed air generator and the gas interface (131), and is used to cool the compressed gas produced by the compressed air generator.

3. The cable according to claim 1, wherein: The cable (100) further comprises a protective layer (120), wherein the protective layer (120) is arranged between the buffer layer (130) and the outer sheath (110), and the protective layer (120) is used to protect the buffer layer (130) and the sensor component.

4. The cable according to claim 3, characterized in that The protective layer (120) is made of a braided high-strength aluminum alloy.

5. The cable according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The core wire (170) comprises a conductor (172) and an insulating layer (171), wherein the insulating layer (171) is used to wrap the conductor (172), and the outer side of the insulating layer (171) is in contact with the filling layer (160).

6. The cable according to claim 5, characterized in that The insulating layer (171) is made of cross-linked polyethylene material, and the filling layer (160) is made of polypropylene material.

7. The cable according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The cable (100) further comprises a wrapping tape (150), wherein the wrapping tape (150) is arranged between the core wire (170) layer and the inner sheath (140), and the wrapping tape (150) is used to tightly wrap the core wire (170) layer and the filling layer (160).

8. The cable according to claim 7, characterized in that The inner sheath (140) and the outer sheath (110) are made of polyvinyl chloride material.

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