Planetary speed reduction electric vehicle motor and wheel hub

Abstract

The invention discloses a planetary reduction electric vehicle motor, which comprises a motor assembly integrated with a planetary reduction assembly, the motor assembly comprises a motor rotor, and a sine wave magnetic field structure is arranged on the motor rotor. A wheel hub is also disclosed. According to the planetary speed reduction electric vehicle motor, magnetic field optimization is carried out on the part of the motor rotor, so that the change of the magnetic field is closer to a sinusoidal waveform, namely the sinusoidal waveform of driving current, and the use efficiency of electric energy is higher. The magnetic field of the rotor is closer to a sinusoidal waveform, so that the controller has a better effect when performing field weakening treatment, and the field weakening effect can reach about 40%. Meanwhile, the design requirements for large torque and high rotating speed of the electric vehicle are met, the wheel hub is designed in an integrated mode, the structure is compact, and the use design requirements of electric vehicles of different models can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a planetary reduction electric vehicle motor and a wheel hub. Background Art

[0002] Existing electric vehicles, such as scooters, generally use motors for driving. However, for traditional inner-rotor brushless BLDC DC motors, due to the limitation of the magnetic field, the power utilization efficiency of electric energy is not high, and the effect of the controller during field weakening treatment is not ideal, unable to meet the design requirements of both high torque and high speed simultaneously. That is, if high torque is satisfied, high speed cannot be achieved, and if high speed is achieved, high torque operation cannot be realized, and it is impossible to balance the requirements of high torque and high speed.

[0003] Chinese patent document (Publication date: January 11, 2019, Publication number: CN 208369393U) discloses a permanent magnet DC motor with high speed and high torque, including a motor body. One end of the motor body is welded with a differential, a rotating shaft penetrates through the inside of the differential, a braking roller is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, a fixed clamping ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the motor body, and two mounting plates are symmetrically welded to the outer wall of the fixed clamping ring through connecting parts. On the top of one of the mounting plates, a control motor is fixed through a fixing frame. The output shaft of the control motor penetrates through the mounting plate, and a threaded rod is welded on the output shaft of the control motor. Bearings are sleeved at both ends of the threaded rod. In the present utility model, by sleeving a braking roller on the rotating shaft of the motor body, and at the same time, a braking clamp for quickly stopping the braking roller is arranged on the threaded rod between the two mounting plates, so that the motor has an effect of being able to stop quickly, improving the safety of the device.

[0004] Although the above technical solution can achieve high speed and high torque, this motor cannot be applied to vehicles such as electric vehicles and scooters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that existing electric vehicle motors cannot meet the design requirements of both high speed and high torque simultaneously, and to provide a planetary reduction electric vehicle motor that can meet the design requirements of both high speed and high torque of electric vehicles, and can optimize the magnetic field, making the change of the magnetic field closer to a sine waveform, that is, the sine waveform of the drive current, with higher power utilization efficiency of electric energy, and better effect of the controller during field weakening treatment. A wheel hub with the planetary reduction electric vehicle motor is also provided, and this wheel hub can meet the needs of high torque and high speed of electric vehicles.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve its first invention object is as follows: A planetary reduction electric vehicle motor includes a motor assembly integrated with a planetary reduction assembly. The motor assembly includes a motor rotor, and a sine wave magnetic field structure is provided on the motor rotor.

[0007] For this planetary reduction electric vehicle motor, through a completely new design of the motor rotor, a sine wave magnetic field structure is provided on the motor rotor. By the sine wave magnetic field structure, a waveform close to a sine wave, that is, the sine waveform of the drive current, is generated, so that the utilization efficiency of electric energy can be greatly improved, and the utilization efficiency is higher. At the same time, the effect of the electric vehicle controller during field weakening processing is better. Using this sine wave magnetic field structure, the field weakening effect can reach about 40%, which is at least doubled compared with the conventional field weakening scheme. And with this planetary reduction electric vehicle motor, the structure is simple, easy to manufacture, can be integrated with the planetary reduction assembly, has a compact structure, occupies a small space, and can meet the design requirements of high speed and large torque.

[0008] Preferably, the sine wave magnetic field structure is a plurality of V-shaped through grooves uniformly distributed on the motor rotor for forming a sine wave magnetic field and magnetic steel inserted inside the V-shaped through grooves. The sine wave magnetic field structure is preferably the V-shaped through grooves and the magnetic steel inserted inside the V-shaped through grooves. During the rotation of the motor rotor, since the magnetic steel is inserted inside the V-shaped through grooves, a magnetic field close to a sine wave is formed between the magnetic steel and the stator, and the utilization efficiency of electric energy is greatly improved, and the field weakening effect is good.

[0009] Preferably, the V-shaped through groove is composed of a first through groove and a second through groove whose ends are not connected to each other; when the V-shaped through groove is unfolded in the horizontal direction, a sine wave structure is formed. The V-shaped through groove is preferably composed of a first through groove and a second through groove whose ends are not connected. With such a structure, after the rotor is unfolded in the horizontal direction, all the V-shaped through grooves form a sine wave structure when unfolded in the horizontal direction. In this way, during the rotation process of the internal magnetic steel cooperating with the motor stator, a sine wave magnetic field will be generated, which can make the electric energy efficiency better and achieve the design requirements of large torque and high speed.

[0010] Preferably, the V-shaped through groove includes an inner V-shaped through groove and an outer V-shaped through groove arranged parallel to each other inside and outside. As another preference, the V-shaped through groove can also be set in two groups inside and outside. Such a structure can form two parallel sine wave magnetic fields during use, and the utilization efficiency of electric energy will be further improved.

[0011] Preferably, the inner V-shaped through groove is composed of a first inner through groove and a second inner through groove whose ends are not connected to each other; the outer V-shaped through groove is composed of a first outer through groove and a second outer through groove whose ends are not connected to each other. The inner V-shaped through groove is also composed of a first inner through groove and a second inner through groove whose ends are not connected to each other, and the outer V-shaped through groove is also composed of a first outer through groove and a second outer through groove whose ends are not connected to each other. After inserting a permanent magnet inside the V-shaped through groove with such a structure, two magnetic fields close to a sine wave form are formed, and the magnetic energy utilization efficiency is higher.

[0012] Preferably, when the inner V-shaped through groove is unfolded in the horizontal direction, an inner sine wave structure is formed; when the outer V-shaped through groove is unfolded in the horizontal direction, an outer sine wave structure is formed; the inner sine wave structure and the outer sine wave structure form two sine wave structures arranged parallel to each other up and down.

[0013] Preferably, the motor assembly further includes a motor housing, a motor output shaft, and a motor stator. The motor rotor is fixed on the motor output shaft and drives the motor output shaft to rotate. The motor stator is arranged outside the motor rotor and inside the motor housing. One end of the motor output shaft is connected to an output shaft with a wire outlet hole, and the other end of the motor output shaft is connected to the planetary reduction assembly. The motor assembly further includes components such as a motor stator. As a preferred solution, the motor adopts a design structure of an inner rotor and an outer stator, that is, the motor rotor is connected to the motor output shaft and drives the motor output shaft to rotate together, generating a magnetic field with the external stator coil and converting it into electrical energy.

[0014] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve its second invention object is: a wheel hub, which includes the planetary reduction electric vehicle motor described above. This wheel hub is mainly applied to electric vehicles, such as electric scooters, etc. This wheel hub adopts a planetary reduction electric vehicle motor, which can simultaneously meet the design requirements of high speed and large torque of electric vehicles, and can optimize the magnetic field, making the change of the magnetic field closer to a sine wave form, that is, the sine wave form of the drive current, and the power utilization efficiency is higher, so that the effect of the controller during field weakening processing is better.

[0015] Preferably, the motor assembly and the electric planetary reduction assembly are integrated inside a wheel hub assembly and drive the electric planetary reduction assembly to rotate. Adopting an integrated structure to integrate the planetary reduction electric vehicle motor and the electric planetary reduction assembly inside the wheel hub combination, the structure is compact and can meet the use design requirements of different models of electric vehicles.

[0016] Preferably, the wheel hub assembly includes a wheel hub, a disc brake adapter ring, a disc brake end cap, a non-brake adapter ring, and a non-brake end cap. The disc brake adapter ring is connected to the disc brake end cap. An installation space for a planetary reduction assembly is formed inside the disc brake end cap and the disc brake adapter ring. An installation space for a motor is formed inside the wheel hub. One end of the non-brake adapter ring is connected to the non-brake end cap, and the other end of the non-brake adapter ring is connected to the wheel hub.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Compared with traditional inner rotor brushless BLDC DC motors, the magnetic field of the motor rotor of this planetary reduction electric vehicle motor is optimized, making the change of the magnetic field closer to a sine wave form, that is, the sine wave form of the driving current, and the power usage efficiency is higher. Since the magnetic field of the rotor is closer to the sine wave form, the effect of the controller during field weakening processing is better. The effect of field weakening can reach about 40%, which is much better than the 20% of the conventional field weakening scheme. At the same time, it meets the design requirements of high torque and high speed of electric vehicles, and the wheel hub adopts an integrated design with a compact structure, which can meet the use and design requirements of different models of electric vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a planetary reduction electric vehicle motor of the present invention; Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a planetary reduction electric vehicle motor of the present invention; Figure 3 is an axial sectional view of a planetary reduction electric vehicle motor of the present invention; Figure 4 is Figure 3 sectional view A-A in Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor rotor in the present invention; Figure 6 is Figure 5 an unfolded structural diagram of a motor rotor in Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor rotor in Embodiment 2; Figure 8 is an unfolded structural diagram of a motor rotor in Embodiment 2; Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel hub of the present invention; Figure 10 is an exploded structural diagram of a wheel hub of the present invention; Figure 11 is a sectional view of a wheel hub of the present invention; Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a planetary reduction assembly in the present invention; Figure 13 is an exploded structural diagram of a planetary reduction assembly in the present invention; In the figure: 1. Motor assembly, 10. Motor bearing, 11. Motor housing, 12. Motor output shaft, 13. Motor stator, 14. Motor rotor, 15. Motor end cover, 16. Outlet shaft end cover, 17. Outlet shaft, 18. Outlet hole, 19. Outlet bearing; 2. Planetary reduction assembly, 21. Inner central gear, 22. Planetary gear, 23. Outer central gear, 24. Planet carrier, 25. Overrunning clutch; 3. Wheel hub assembly, 31. Wheel hub, 32. Disc brake connection ring, 33. Disc brake end cover, 34. Non-brake connection ring, 35. Non-brake end cover; 4. Installation space for planetary reduction assembly, 5. Disc brake output shaft, 6. Disc brake bearing; 7. Sine wave magnetic field structure, 71. Inner V-shaped through groove, 72. Outer V-shaped through groove, 73. Inner first through groove, 74. Inner second through groove, 75. Outer first through groove, 76. Outer second through groove, 77. First through groove, 78. Second through groove; 8. Permanent magnet, 9. Motor installation space. Detailed implementation mode

[0019] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1: In Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 In the shown embodiment, a planetary reduction electric vehicle motor includes a motor assembly 1 integrated with a planetary reduction assembly 2. The motor assembly 1 includes a motor rotor 14, and a sine wave magnetic field structure 7 is provided on the motor rotor 14. The sine wave magnetic field structure 7 is a plurality of V-shaped through grooves evenly distributed on the motor rotor 14 for forming a sine wave magnetic field and permanent magnets 8 inserted inside the V-shaped through grooves. The V-shaped through grooves are arranged axially on the end face of the motor rotor 14 along the axial direction of the motor rotor and penetrate through both end faces of the motor rotor.

[0021] Specifically, the motor assembly 1 includes a motor housing 11, a motor output shaft 12, a motor stator 13 and a motor rotor 14 disposed inside the motor housing 11. The motor rotor 14 is fixed to the motor output shaft 1 and drives the motor output shaft 12 to rotate. The motor stator 13 is disposed outside the motor rotor 14, and a motor end cover 15 and a lead-out shaft end cover 16 are respectively disposed at both ends of the motor housing 11. One end of the motor rotor 14 facing the lead-out shaft end cover 16 is connected with a lead-out shaft 17 through the motor output shaft. A lead-out hole 18 is disposed on the lead-out shaft 17. One end of the motor output shaft 12 is connected with the planetary reduction assembly 2, and the other end is connected with the lead-out shaft 17. The motor output shaft 12 is rotationally connected between the motor end cover 15 and the lead-out shaft 17 through a set of motor bearings 10. The lead-out shaft 17 is rotationally connected with the non-braking end cover 35 through a lead-out bearing 19.

[0022] As Figure 4 , Figure 5 shown, a sine wave magnetic field structure 7 is disposed inside the motor rotor 14. The sine wave magnetic field structure 7 is a plurality of V-shaped through grooves evenly distributed on the motor rotor 14 and capable of forming a sine wave-shaped magnetic field. The V-shaped through grooves include an inner V-shaped through groove 71 and an outer V-shaped through groove 72. The inner V-shaped through groove 71 and the outer V-shaped through groove 72 are arranged parallel to each other inside and outside. During use, a magnetic steel 8 is inserted into the V-shaped through groove. The V-shaped openings of the inner V-shaped through groove 71 and the outer V-shaped through groove 72 are respectively arranged facing the outer circle of the motor rotor 14, and the inner V-shaped through groove 71 semi-surrounds the outer V-shaped through groove 72.

[0023] In this embodiment, the ends of the inner V-shaped through groove 71 and the outer V-shaped through groove 72 are not connected. Each inner V-shaped through groove is formed by an inner first through groove 73 and an inner second through groove 74 which are arranged in an eight-shaped structure and are not connected to each other. Each outer V-shaped through groove is formed by an outer first through groove 75 and an outer second through groove 76 which are arranged in an eight-shaped structure and are not connected to each other. As Figure 6 shown, when the motor rotor is unfolded in the horizontal direction, the plurality of inner V-shaped through grooves form an inner sine wave-shaped structure in the horizontal direction; the plurality of outer V-shaped through grooves form an outer sine wave-shaped structure in the horizontal direction. The two sine wave-shaped structures form a magnetic field closer to a sine wave during use.

[0024] The copper wire is wound around the motor stator 13, and the lead wire of the motor stator 13 is led out through the wire outlet hole 18 on the wire outlet shaft 17 and connected to an external controller. The power on and off of the motor stator 13 is realized through the controller. When the motor stator 13 is powered on, an alternating magnetic field is generated on the motor rotor 14. Due to the sine wave magnetic field structure, a magnetic field close to the sine wave will be generated between the motor stator 13 and the motor rotor 14 after power on, making the change of the magnetic field closer to the sine waveform, that is, the sine waveform of the drive current, and the power usage efficiency is greatly improved. Since the magnetic field of the motor rotor 14 is closer to the sine waveform, the efficiency of the controller during field weakening processing is better, and the field weakening effect can reach about 40%, which is greatly improved compared with 20% of the conventional field weakening scheme.

[0025] Embodiment 2: In Figure 7 、 Figure 8 In the embodiment shown, a planetary reduction electric vehicle motor has a technical solution that is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that: a sine wave magnetic field structure 7 is provided inside the motor rotor 14, and the sine wave magnetic field structure 7 is a number of V-shaped through slots evenly distributed on the motor rotor 14 that can form a sine waveform. During use, permanent magnets 8 are inserted into the V-shaped through slots. In this embodiment, the ends of the V-shaped through slots are not connected, and each V-shaped through slot is formed by a first through slot 77 and a second through slot 78 that are not connected to each other and are arranged in a figure-eight structure. Permanent magnets are respectively inserted into the first through slot 77 and the second through slot 78. When the motor rotor is unfolded in the horizontal direction, the number of V-shaped through slots forms a sine waveform structure in the horizontal direction.

[0026] Embodiment 3: In Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 In the embodiment shown, a wheel hub includes the planetary reduction electric vehicle motor in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. Specifically, the motor assembly 1 and the planetary reduction assembly 2 integrally connected to the motor assembly are integrated inside the wheel hub assembly 3.

[0027] The described wheel hub assembly 3 includes a wheel hub 31, a disc brake connection ring 32, a disc brake end cover 33, a non-brake connection ring 34, and a non-brake end cover 35. The disc brake connection ring 32 connects to the disc brake end cover 33. An installation space 4 for the planetary reduction assembly is formed inside the disc brake end cover 33 and the disc brake connection ring 32. A disc brake output shaft 5 is connected to the planetary reduction assembly 2. The disc brake output shaft 5 is rotatably connected to the disc brake end cover 33 through a disc brake bearing 6, and the disc brake output shaft 5 extends outside the disc brake end cover 33 for installing a disc brake pad braking device to brake the electric vehicle through the disc brake pad braking device. One end of the non-brake connection ring 34 is connected to the non-brake end cover 35, and the other end of the non-brake connection ring 34 is connected to the wheel hub 31.

[0028] As Figure 12 , Figure 13 shown, the planetary reduction assembly 2 includes an inner central gear 21 connected to the motor output shaft 12, multiple planetary gears 22, an outer central gear 23, a planetary carrier 24, and an overrunning clutch 25. The outer teeth of the inner central gear 21 mesh with the multiple planetary gears 22, and the multiple planetary gears 22 mesh with the inner teeth of the outer central gear 23 to transmit power to the wheel hub 31 through the outer central gear 23, driving the wheel hub 31 and the tire thereon to rotate together. The overrunning clutch is a device with a self-clutching function by using the speed change or rotation direction change of the main and driven parts, and is used to realize the rotation of the outer wheel hub when going downhill or the motor does not start.

[0029] The motor rotor 14 drives the motor output shaft 12 to rotate. Since the motor output shaft 12 is connected to the planetary reduction assembly 2, the planetary reduction gears inside the planetary reduction assembly 2 will be driven to rotate, and the planetary reduction gears drive the wheel hub 31 connected thereto to rotate together, thereby realizing the rapid rotation of the electric vehicle wheels.

[0030] The planetary reduction electric vehicle motor in the above embodiment realizes high torque and high-speed operation of electric vehicles such as scooters. By using a motor rotor with a sine wave magnetic field structure 7, compared with the traditional inner rotor brushless BLDC DC motor, the magnetic field is optimized in the part of the motor rotor, making the change of the magnetic field closer to a sine wave form, that is, the sine wave form of the drive current, and the power usage efficiency is higher. Since the magnetic field of the rotor is closer to the sine wave form, the effect of the controller during field weakening processing is better, and the field weakening effect can reach about 40%, which is much better than the 20% of the conventional field weakening scheme.

[0031] At the same time, the wheel hub with the planetary reduction electric vehicle motor adopts an integrated design of integrating the planetary reduction assembly 2 and the motor assembly 1 inside the wheel hub assembly 3, making the overall structure of the hub more compact, with a small space and an integrated design, which can meet any design requirements of different sizes, thereby meeting the usage requirements of different electric vehicles and scooters.

[0032] The above embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Meanwhile, based on the embodiments described in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art on the basis of the technical solutions of this application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planetary deceleration electric vehicle motor, characterized in that: Comprising a motor assembly (1) for being integrated with a planetary reduction assembly (2), the motor assembly (1) includes a motor rotor (14), and a sine wave magnetic field structure (7) is provided on the motor rotor (14).

2. The planetary reduction electric vehicle motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sine wave magnetic field structure (7) is a number of V-shaped through grooves uniformly distributed on the motor rotor (14) for forming a sine wave magnetic field and magnetic steel (8) inserted inside the V-shaped through grooves.

3. The planetary reduction electric vehicle motor according to claim 2, wherein: The V-shaped through groove is composed of a first through groove (77) and a second through groove (78) whose ends are not connected to each other; after the V-shaped through groove is unfolded in the horizontal direction, it forms a sine wave structure.

4. The planetary reduction electric vehicle motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The V-shaped through groove includes an inner V-shaped through groove (71) and an outer V-shaped through groove (72) which are arranged parallel to each other inside and outside.

5. The planetary reduction electric vehicle motor according to claim 4, wherein: The inner V-shaped through groove (71) is composed of an inner first through groove (73) and an inner second through groove (74) whose ends are not connected to each other; the outer V-shaped through groove (72) is composed of an outer first through groove (75) and an outer second through groove (76) whose ends are not connected to each other.

6. The planetary reduction electric vehicle motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: After the inner V-shaped through groove (71) is unfolded in the horizontal direction, it forms an inner sine wave structure; after the outer V-shaped through groove (72) is unfolded in the horizontal direction, it forms an outer sine wave structure; the inner sine wave structure and the outer sine wave structure form two sine wave structures arranged parallel to each other up and down.

7. The planetary reduction electric vehicle motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The motor assembly (1) further includes a motor housing (11), a motor output shaft (12) and a motor stator (13). The motor rotor (14) is fixed on the motor output shaft (12) and drives the motor output shaft (12) to rotate. The motor stator (13) is arranged outside the motor rotor (14) and inside the motor housing (11); one end of the motor output shaft (12) is connected to an output shaft (17) with a lead-out hole (18), and the other end of the motor output shaft (12) is connected to the planetary reduction assembly (2).

8. A vehicle wheel hub, characterized in that: It includes the planetary reduction electric vehicle motor according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

9. The wheel hub according to claim 8, characterized in that: The motor assembly (1) and the electric planetary reduction assembly (2) are integrated inside a wheel hub assembly (3).

10. The wheel hub according to claim 9, wherein: The wheel hub assembly (3) includes a wheel hub (31), a disc brake connection ring (32), a disc brake end cover (33), a non-brake connection ring (34) and a non-brake end cover (35). The disc brake connection ring (32) connects the disc brake end cover (33). A planetary reduction assembly installation space (4) is formed inside the disc brake end cover (33) and the disc brake connection ring (32). A motor installation space (9) is formed inside the wheel hub (31). One end of the non-brake connection ring (34) is connected to the non-brake end cover (35), and the other end of the non-brake connection ring (34) is connected to the wheel hub (31).

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