Wound dressing and preparation method thereof
By designing a combination of micron-scale protrusions and biocatalytic layers on wound dressings, the problems of dressing adhesions and ROS removal in the prior art are solved, and superhydrophobicity and catalytic activity are achieved to promote wound healing.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510569047.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
AI Technical Summary
The existing hydrogel system and superhydrophobic structure are incompatible, resulting in adhesions that may occur during removal of wound dressings, causing secondary damage, and at the same time, it is unable to effectively remove ROS, affecting wound healing.
A wound dressing is designed, including a substrate, a micro-scale protrusion arranged at intervals and a biocatalytic layer covering the protrusions. The micro-scale protrusion height is 20 μm to 150 μm, the spacing is 20 μm to 200 μm, and the thickness of the biocatalytic layer is not greater than 1 μm. The biocatalytic material is deposited by magnetron sputtering technology to form a superhydrophobic outer surface.
It realizes effective removal of ROS without affecting hydrophobicity, reduces adhesion between dressing and wounds, reduces secondary damage, and provides a good healing environment. It is especially suitable for acute and chronic wound healing caused by immunosuppression and diabetes.
Smart Images
Figure CN120361278A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of biomedical engineering technology, and particularly relates to a wound dressing and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are oxygen source molecules produced during the aerobic metabolism of organisms, playing a dual role: under physiological balance, ROS participate in cell signal transduction and homeostasis regulation; however, their excessive accumulation can trigger oxidative stress, damage proteins, lipids, and DNA, and ultimately induce cell death.
[0003] In the microenvironment of infectious wounds and diabetic ulcers, the abnormal increase in ROS levels is the core pathological factor hindering wound healing. In an immunosuppressed or immunodeficient state, it may lead to a decline in the body's anti-infection ability, forming an infected wound. In the infected wound, the metabolism of pathogens and the host inflammatory response synergistically drive the massive release of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), forming an oxidative stress microenvironment, which may result in aggravated tissue damage and affect wound healing. In diabetic patients, the hyperglycemic state significantly promotes ROS generation, while weakening the endogenous antioxidant defense ability such as superoxide dismutase, resulting in redox imbalance. Excessive ROS not only directly oxidize and damage cell structures but also exacerbate the inflammatory response, having an adverse impact on chronic wound healing. Therefore, formulating an intervention strategy targeting ROS is crucial for treating wounds caused by immunosuppression, diabetic ulcers, pressure sores, and other acute / chronic wounds.
[0004] Currently, wound dressings for wounds usually consider various factors in their design. Some dressings are designed with a hydrogel system loaded with functional components for scavenging ROS (such as nanozymes, antioxidants, metal oxides, etc.) to achieve ROS scavenging. When the dressing is applied to the wound surface, the hydrogel capable of scavenging ROS will come into contact with the wound surface for operation; some dressings are processed with a superhydrophobic structure similar to the lotus leaf surface on the surface facing the wound to prevent adhesion when the dressing is removed from the wound surface, thereby avoiding secondary injury.
[0005] However, the architectures of existing hydrogel systems are incompatible with superhydrophobic structures. Coating the hydrogel onto the superhydrophobic layer of the wound dressing may affect its hydrophobic structure itself, and adhesion may occur when the dressing is removed from the wound surface, causing secondary injury. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In view of the above-mentioned state of the prior art, the present disclosure is completed, and its purpose is to provide a wound dressing capable of scavenging ROS and having superhydrophobicity and a preparation method thereof.
[0007] To this end, a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a wound dressing, which is characterized in that it includes a substrate, a plurality of micron-scale protrusions arranged at intervals on the substrate, and a biocatalytic layer covering the micron-scale protrusions. The height of the micron-scale protrusions is 20 μm to 150 μm, and the distance between two adjacent micron-scale protrusions is 20 μm to 200 μm. The biocatalytic layer is formed by depositing a biocatalytic material with redox catalytic activity, and the thickness of the biocatalytic layer is not greater than 1 μm. The biocatalytic layer covering the micron-scale protrusions forms the outer surface of the wound dressing, and the outer surface has superhydrophobicity.
[0008] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, depositing the biocatalytic material on the surface of the micron-scale protrusions and selecting an appropriate thickness of the biocatalytic layer can not affect the original overall structure of the micron-scale protrusions, so that the surface of the micron-scale protrusions covered with the biocatalytic layer still has superhydrophobicity, which can reduce the adhesion between the dressing and the wound, thereby reducing the secondary damage caused by peeling the dressing from the wound. At the same time, using a biocatalytic material with redox catalytic activity to form the biocatalytic layer can effectively remove ROS when the wound dressing is applied to the wound, providing a suitable healing environment for the wound. Thus, a wound dressing that can reduce ROS and has superhydrophobicity can be provided, which can provide a good healing environment for the wound surface. In particular, since the wound dressing has the function of removing ROS, it can be particularly suitable for promoting the healing of acute / chronic wounds caused by immunosuppression / diabetes, etc.
[0009] In the wound dressing according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, the plurality of micron-scale protrusions are arranged in an array. Thus, it is possible to facilitate the uniformity of the hydrophobic properties at various places on the outer surface.
[0010] In the wound dressing according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, the micron-scale protrusions are in the shape of papillae, cones, or columns. Thus, it is possible to facilitate the improvement of the hydrophobic properties of the outer surface.
[0011] In the wound dressing according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, the thickness of the biocatalytic layer is 0.001 μm - 1 μm. Thus, it is possible to contribute to the formation of a superhydrophobic outer surface and effectively remove ROS at the same time.
[0012] In the wound dressing according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, the biocatalytic layer is formed by magnetron sputtering technology. Specifically, the biocatalytic material is used as a target, and the biocatalytic material is deposited on the surface of the micron-scale protrusions by magnetron sputtering technology to form the biocatalytic layer. In this case, on the one hand, it is possible to facilitate the stable deposition of the biocatalytic layer on the surface of the micron-scale protrusions and improve the stability of the wound dressing; on the other hand, it is also possible to facilitate the control of the structure and ratio of the biocatalytic material to form a biocatalytic layer with appropriate catalytic activity.
[0013] In the wound dressing according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, the material of the substrate is silicone. Thus, the substrate can have good biocompatibility and breathability, be non-irritating to human tissues, and is beneficial to providing a good healing environment for the wound surface.
[0014] In the wound dressing according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, the biocatalytic material is V 67 Ru 33 、V 65 Ru 27 B8, Ru 72 V 21 B7. Thus, the biocatalytic layer can have appropriate catalytic activity.
[0015] In the wound dressing according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, the wound dressing is used to improve diabetic wounds.
[0016] In the wound dressing according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, optionally, it further includes nanoparticles disposed on the surface of the micron-sized protrusions, the particle size of the nanoparticles is 50 nm to 1000 nm, and the biocatalytic layer covers the micron-sized protrusions and the nanoparticles. Thus, it is possible to further improve the hydrophobic property of the outer surface.
[0017] The second aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a wound dressing, including the following steps: processing a plurality of spaced-apart micron-sized protrusions on the surface of a substrate, the height of the micron-sized protrusions being 20 μm to 150 μm, and the distance between adjacent two micron-sized protrusions being 20 μm to 200 μm; depositing a biocatalytic material having redox catalytic activity on the surface of the micron-sized protrusions to form a biocatalytic layer covering the micron-sized protrusions, the thickness of the biocatalytic layer being not more than 1 μm, and the biocatalytic layer forming the outer surface of the wound dressing, the outer surface having superhydrophobicity. Thus, a wound dressing with biocatalytic activity and superhydrophobicity can be prepared.
[0018] According to the present disclosure, a wound dressing capable of scavenging ROS and having superhydrophobicity and a method for preparing the same can be provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the wound dressing according to the example of the present disclosure.
[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the micron-sized protrusions without the biocatalytic layer according to the example of the present disclosure.
[0021] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram showing micron-scale protrusions covered with a biocatalytic layer related to an example of the present disclosure.
[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of micron-scale protrusions not covered with a biocatalytic layer related to an example of the present disclosure.
[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of a wound dressing related to an example of the present disclosure.
[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic flowchart showing a preparation method related to an example of the present disclosure.
[0025] Figure 7 It is a scanning electron micrograph showing the outer surface of SWD+VRuB related to an example of the present disclosure.
[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram showing the measurement of the droplet contact angle of the outer surface of SWD+VRuB related to an example of the present disclosure.
[0027] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram showing the structural characteristics of a biocatalytic coating related to an example of the present disclosure.
[0028] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram showing the biocatalytic ROS-scavenging performance of a biocatalytic layer related to an example of the present disclosure.
[0029] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram showing the changes in wounds treated with gauze (control group), SWD (sandwich dressing), SWD-VRu, and SWD-VRuB respectively related to an example of the present disclosure.
[0030] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram showing the H&E, CD31, Masson's, and DHE staining of the skin tissue around the wound related to an example of the present disclosure.
[0031] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram showing the histological epithelial gap measurement of the skin tissue around the wound related to an example of the present disclosure.
[0032] Explanation of reference numerals:
[0033] 1... Wound dressing, 10... Base layer, 11... Upper surface, 12... Lower surface, 14... Micron-scale protrusions, 15... Nanoparticles, 20... Intermediate layer, 30... Upper layer, 50... Biocatalytic layer. Detailed implementation manners
[0034] All references cited in this disclosure are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety as if fully set forth. Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used in this disclosure have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains.
[0035] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the same components, and redundant descriptions are omitted. In addition, the drawings are only schematic diagrams, and the dimensional ratios between components or the shapes of components, etc. may be different from the actual ones.
[0036] A first aspect of the present disclosure relates to a wound dressing. The outer surface of the wound dressing involved in the present disclosure has catalytic activity and superhydrophobicity. When applied to a wound surface, the outer surface of the wound dressing comes into contact with the wound surface, and can provide a suitable healing environment for the wound surface. In particular, since the wound dressing has the function of scavenging ROS, it can be particularly suitable for promoting the healing of acute / chronic wounds caused by immunosuppression / diabetes, etc. In the present disclosure, the wound dressing may also be referred to as a "medical dressing", and may also be referred to as a dressing, a trauma dressing, etc.
[0037] In the present disclosure, a wound surface refers to the damage caused by the injury of normal skin (tissue), and can be, for example, trauma caused by scalds, abrasions, cuts, sprains, ulcers, frostbites, etc. The wound surface may also be referred to as a wound or a trauma. It should be noted that the wound dressing involved in the present disclosure can also be used as a protective layer and applied to, for example, a semi-healed wound surface that has scabbed and dried. In the present disclosure, superhydrophobicity means that the contact angle of micro water droplets on the surface is greater than 150°.
[0038] A second aspect of the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing a wound dressing. As will be described in detail later, through the preparation method of the present disclosure, a wound dressing having catalytic activity and superhydrophobicity can be prepared. In the present disclosure, the "method for preparing a wound dressing" may be abbreviated as the preparation method.
[0039] Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the wound dressing and its preparation method involved in the present disclosure will be described.
[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a wound dressing 1 involved in an example of the present disclosure. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a microscale protrusion 14 that does not cover a biocatalytic layer 50 involved in an example of the present disclosure. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing a microscale protrusion 14 covered with a biocatalytic layer 50 involved in an example of the present disclosure. It should be noted that Figure 2 and Figure 3 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of region A in
[0041] In some examples, the wound dressing 1 may include a substrate 10 (seeFigure 1 )。The base 10 may have an upper surface 11 and a lower surface 12. When the wound dressing 1 is applied to the wound surface, the lower surface 12 of the base 10 may contact the wound surface. In the present disclosure, the surface of the wound dressing 1 that contacts the wound surface is referred to as the outer surface.
[0042] In some examples, the wound dressing 1 may include a plurality of micron-sized protrusions 14 disposed on the base 10 (see Figure 2 ). In this case, by providing the micron-sized protrusions 14, the hydrophobic property of the lower surface 12 can be improved. When it is necessary to peel the wound dressing 1 from the wound surface, the adhesion between the lower surface 12 and the newly formed granulation tissue of the wound can be reduced, so that it is easy to peel the wound dressing 1 from the wound surface. In some examples, the wound dressing 1 may include a biocatalytic layer 50. The biocatalytic layer 50 may cover the micron-sized protrusions 14 (see Figure 3 ). Thereby, the wound dressing 1 can be made to have catalytic activity and can effectively remove ROS when applied to the wound surface. In some examples, the biocatalytic layer 50 covering the micron-sized protrusions 14 forms the outer surface of the wound dressing 1. In some examples, the outer surface has superhydrophobicity. In the present disclosure, the biocatalytic layer 50 may also be referred to as a biocatalytic coating.
[0043] In some examples, the micron-sized protrusions 14 may be papillary, conical, or columnar. In some examples, the height of the micron-sized protrusions 14 is 20 μm to 150 μm. In this case, it is beneficial to improve the hydrophobic property of the outer surface, which is beneficial to maintaining a moist environment and easy to peel off.
[0044] In some examples, the micron-sized protrusions 14 may be arranged in an array. Thereby, it is convenient to make the hydrophobic properties of various parts of the outer surface relatively uniform. In some examples, the spacing between two adjacent micron-sized protrusions 14 may be 20 μm to 200 μm. In this case, it is convenient to form an outer surface with superhydrophobicity.
[0045] In some examples, the biocatalytic layer 50 may be formed of a biocatalytic material having redox catalytic activity. In the present disclosure, the biocatalytic material may also be referred to as a biocatalyst. In some examples, the biocatalytic layer 50 may be formed by depositing the biocatalytic material. The biocatalytic material may have enzyme-like activity and can effectively scavenge ROS. In some examples, the biocatalytic material deposited on the lower surface 12 of the base 10 may cover the entire lower surface 12 in a film shape. In this case, the biocatalytic layer 50 can not affect the original overall structure of the micron-sized protrusions 14, so that the surface of the micron-sized protrusions 14 covered with the biocatalytic layer 50 still has superhydrophobicity, which can reduce the adhesion between the dressing and the wound, thereby reducing the secondary damage caused by peeling the dressing from the wound.
[0046] The thickness d of the biocatalytic layer 50 can be as Figure 3 shown. In some examples, the thickness of the biocatalytic layer 50 can be no greater than 1 μm. In some examples, the thickness of the biocatalytic layer 50 can be 0.001 μm - 1 μm. Thus, it can help to form a superhydrophobic outer surface and effectively scavenge ROS at the same time. In some examples, the thickness of the biocatalytic layer 50 can be 0.001 μm, 0.01 μm, 0.03 μm, 0.05 μm, 0.08 μm, 0.1 μm, 0.3 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.8 μm, or 1 μm.
[0047] In some examples, the biocatalytic material can have CAT-like catalytic activity and SOD-like activity. In some examples, the biocatalytic material can have biocompatibility. In some examples, the biocatalytic material can be an intermetallic compound. In some examples, the biocatalytic material can include Ru (ruthenium). Ruthenium-based materials have unique low electronegativity and stable redox properties. In some examples, the biocatalytic material can include V (vanadium). In this case, the introduction of V can further change the binding energy between H2O2 and the metal active sites by regulating the d-band electron distribution, which helps to improve the catalytic activity of the biocatalytic material. In some examples, the biocatalytic material can include B (boron). In this case, the incorporation of B can synergistically enhance the catalytic performance and structural stability of the biocatalytic material.
[0048] In some examples, in the biocatalytic material, the atomic ratio of V can be 21% - 67%. For example, in the biocatalytic material, the atomic ratio of V can be 21%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 33%, 35%, 38%, 40%, 45%, 48%, 50%, 55%, 58%, 60%, 65%, or 67%.
[0049] In some examples, in the biocatalytic material, the atomic ratio of Ru can be 27% - 72%. For example, in the biocatalytic material, the atomic ratio of Ru can be 27%, 30%, 33%, 35%, 38%, 40%, 45%, 48%, 50%, 55%, 58%, 60%, 65%, 67%, 70%, or 72%.
[0050] In some examples, in the biocatalytic material, the atomic ratio of B can be 0% - 8%. For example, in the biocatalytic material, the atomic ratio of B can be 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, or 8%.
[0051] In some examples, the biocatalytic material can be V 67 Ru 33 、V 65 Ru 27B8, Ru 72 V 21 B7 (which can also be referred to as V 21 Ru 72 B7). Thus, the biocatalytic layer 50 can be made to have appropriate catalytic activity. In some examples, preferably, the biocatalytic material can be V 65 Ru 27 B8. Compared with the VRu material without B doping, the VRuB material doped with B has stronger catalytic performance. After doping with B, the catalytic performance of the overall material can be improved without destroying the VRu crystal framework, has a stronger ROS scavenging function, and maintaining the integrity of the original crystal structure helps to obtain a biocatalytic material with high stability. In some examples, B in the VRuB material can be embedded in the VRu crystal in an interstitial doping manner.
[0052] In some examples, the biocatalytic layer 50 can be formed by magnetron sputtering technology. Specifically, the biocatalytic material can be used as a target, and the biocatalytic material can be deposited on the surface of the microscale protrusion 14 by magnetron sputtering technology to form the biocatalytic layer 50. In this case, on the one hand, it is convenient for the biocatalytic layer 50 to be stably deposited on the surface of the microscale protrusion 14, improving the stability of the wound dressing 1; on the other hand, it is also convenient to control the structure and ratio of the biocatalytic material to form a biocatalytic layer 50 with appropriate catalytic activity. In some examples, when the biocatalytic material is composed of multiple elements, the magnetron co-sputtering technology can be used to deposit the atoms of each element on the target surface to form the biocatalytic layer 50. For example, when the biocatalytic material is V 65 Ru 27 B8, V, Ru, and B can be used as targets, and V, Ru, and B can be deposited on the lower surface 12 of the substrate 10 by magnetron co-sputtering technology to form the biocatalytic layer 50.
[0053] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the microscale protrusion 14 without the biocatalytic layer 50 involved in the examples of the present disclosure.
[0054] In some examples, the wound dressing 1 can include nanoparticles 15 provided on the surface of the microscale protrusion 14 (see Figure 4 ). Thus, it is convenient to further improve the hydrophobic performance of the outer surface. In some examples, the biocatalytic layer 50 can cover the microscale protrusion 14 and the nanoparticles 15. Thus, it is convenient to further improve the hydrophobic performance of the outer surface.
[0055] In some examples, the particle size of the nanoparticles 15 can be from 50 nm to 1000 nm. In some examples, the nanoparticles 15 can be spherical, conical, columnar, or irregular three-dimensional shapes. Thereby, it can be beneficial to further improve the hydrophobic property of the outer surface. In some examples, the number of the nanoparticles 15 can be plural, and the particle sizes and shapes of the plural nanoparticles 15 can be the same or different.
[0056] In some examples, the microscale protrusions 14 can be formed by laser processing. Specifically, the microscale protrusions 14 can be formed by laser etching on the lower surface 12 of the substrate 10 using femtosecond laser. It should be noted that limited by the existing processing accuracy, when preparing the microscale protrusions 14, the formed microscale protrusions 14 may not be able to form a completely regular shape at the microscopic level. As long as a papilla-like structure with a certain height and a relatively regular general contour is formed, it can play a hydrophobic role.
[0057] In some examples, the nanoparticles 15 can be formed by laser processing. Specifically, a micro-nano structure can be formed by laser etching on the lower surface 12 of the substrate 10 using femtosecond laser, that is, a plurality of microscale protrusions 14 are formed on the outer surface and a plurality of nanoparticles 15 are formed on the surfaces of the microscale protrusions 14. In some examples, after laser etching, the lower surface 12 of the substrate 10 can be cleaned to remove the impurity particles on the surface, and an outer surface provided with a micro-nano structure is obtained.
[0058] In some examples, the microscale protrusions 14 can be integrally formed with the substrate 10. In some examples, the nanoparticles 15 can be integrally formed with the substrate 10.
[0059] In some examples, the wound dressing 1 can further include other functional layers. For example, the wound dressing 1 can further include a hydrophobic layer, an adsorption layer, a repair layer carrying drugs, an isolation layer, and other layer structures with specific functions.
[0060] Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the wound dressing 1 involved in the examples of the present disclosure.
[0061] In some examples, the wound dressing 1 can further include an intermediate layer 20 (see Figure 5 ). The intermediate layer 20 can be stacked on the substrate 10. In some examples, the substrate 10 can include a plurality of through holes penetrating the upper surface 11 and the lower surface 12. In some examples, the intermediate layer 20 can absorb liquid. The intermediate layer 20 can absorb the liquid on the wound surface through the through holes. Thereby, it can be convenient to provide a good healing environment for the wound surface. In some examples, the intermediate layer 20 can have hydrophilicity. Thereby, it can be convenient to adsorb exudate.
[0062] In some examples, the wound dressing 1 may further include an upper layer 30. The upper layer 30 may be stacked on the intermediate layer 20. Specifically, the upper layer 30 may be stacked on the side of the intermediate layer 20 opposite to the substrate 10. In some examples, the upper layer 30 may be hydrophobic. In this case, the upper layer 30 can effectively resist the entry of pollutants in the external environment into the dressing 1, acting as a barrier, thereby reducing the risk of wound infection.
[0063] In some examples, the wound dressing 1 may include a repair factor. A repair factor refers to a drug that can promote wound healing. Thus, it is possible to facilitate providing a suitable healing environment for the wound surface. In some examples, the repair factor may include mesenchymal stem cells and / or derivatives of mesenchymal stem cells. For example, in some examples, the repair factor may include the supernatant of mesenchymal stem cells. The supernatant of mesenchymal stem cells contains substances that can promote wound healing. In this case, when the repair factor comes into contact with the wound surface, it can be beneficial for wound healing.
[0064] In some examples, the repair factor may be carried on the intermediate layer 20. In some examples, the intermediate layer 20 may have an adsorption structure. In some examples, the repair factor may be adsorbed on the adsorption structure. Thus, it is possible to facilitate the stable loading of the repair factor on the intermediate layer 20. During the process of the intermediate layer 20 adsorbing the exudate from the wound surface through the through holes, the repair factor can dissolve in the exudate and diffuse to the wound surface through the exudate for repair.
[0065] In some examples, the thickness of the substrate 10 may be from 0.1 mm to 2 mm. It should be noted that in the present disclosure, the thickness of the substrate 10 is the total thickness including the micron-scale protrusions 14 and the nanoparticles 15 (in examples where the nanoparticles 15 are not provided, it is the total thickness including the micron-scale protrusions 14). In this case, the substrate 10 has a moderate thickness, can maintain good air permeability, and can also facilitate the intermediate layer 20 to absorb the exudate from the wound surface through the through holes 13. In some examples, preferably, the thickness of the substrate 10 may be from 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
[0066] In some examples, the material of the substrate 10 may be silicone. In some examples, the substrate 10 may be a silicone rubber film, also known as a PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) film. In this case, the substrate 10 is soft in texture and has good biocompatibility and air permeability, is non-irritating to human tissues, and can be beneficial for wound healing.
[0067] In some examples, the thickness of the upper layer 30 may be from 0.2 mm to 1 mm. In some examples, the material of the upper layer 30 may be silicone.
[0068] In some examples, the base 10, the intermediate layer 20, and the upper layer 30 can be in sheet form. That is to say, the wound dressing 1 can be in sheet form. In this case, it is convenient to cover the target surface. In some examples, two adjacent layers among the base 10, the intermediate layer 20, and the upper layer 30 are joined to each other by an adhesive, and no adhesive is provided in the area of the intermediate layer 20 corresponding to the through holes. In this case, the layers can be tightly bonded to each other, and it is convenient for the intermediate layer 20 to absorb the liquid on the wound surface through the through holes.
[0069] In some examples, the wound dressing 1 further includes a protective film that is removably covered on the outer surface. In this case, by providing the protective film, the outer surface can be maintained in a clean state before use. When it is necessary to attach the wound dressing 1 to the wound surface, the protective film can be peeled off from the outer surface.
[0070] In some examples, preferably, the wound dressing 1 can include a base 10, a plurality of micron-scale protrusions 14 spaced apart on the base 10, and a biocatalytic layer 50 covering the micron-scale protrusions 14. The height of the micron-scale protrusions 14 is 20 μm to 150 μm, and the spacing between two adjacent micron-scale protrusions 14 is 20 μm to 200 μm. The biocatalytic layer 50 is formed by depositing a biocatalytic material having redox catalytic activity, and the thickness of the biocatalytic layer 50 is not greater than 1 μm. The biocatalytic layer 50 covering the micron-scale protrusions 14 forms the outer surface of the wound dressing 1, and the outer surface has superhydrophobicity.
[0071] In some examples, the wound dressing 1 can be used to improve diabetic wounds.
[0072] In the present disclosure, the design of the base 10 having superhydrophobicity combined with the deposited biocatalytic layer 50 enables the outer surface of the wound dressing 1 that can be in contact with the wound surface to simultaneously have the functions of superhydrophobicity + ROS scavenging, creating a good healing environment for the wound surface, and is particularly suitable for promoting the healing of acute / chronic wounds caused by immunosuppression / diabetes, etc. This structure can also be used in combination with the functional layers in any other known wound dressing 1.
[0073] As described above, the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing a wound dressing 1. Among them, the specific structure and settings related to the wound dressing 1 can be referred to the previous description and will not be elaborated here.
[0074] Figure 6 It is a schematic flow chart showing the preparation method involved in the examples of the present disclosure.
[0075] In some examples, the preparation method may include: machining a plurality of micron-scale protrusions 14 on the surface of the substrate 10 (step S100); depositing a biocatalytic material on the surface of the micron-scale protrusions 14 to form a biocatalytic layer 50 covering the micron-scale protrusions 14 (step S200). Thus, a wound dressing 1 with a biocatalytic layer 50 can be obtained.
[0076] In some examples, in step S100, the plurality of micron-scale protrusions 14 may be arranged at intervals on the surface of the substrate 10. In some examples, in step S100, the height of the micron-scale protrusions 14 is 20 μm to 150 μm. In some examples, in step S100, the spacing between two adjacent micron-scale protrusions 14 is 20 μm to 200 μm. In some examples, in step S100, the plurality of micron-scale protrusions 14 may be arranged in an array. In some examples, in step S100, the micron-scale protrusions 14 may be papillary, conical, or columnar.
[0077] In some examples, in step S100, the micron-scale protrusions 14 can be machined on the surface of the substrate 10 by laser machining. Specifically, the micron-scale protrusions 14 can be formed by laser etching on the lower surface 12 of the substrate 10 using femtosecond laser. It should be noted that limited by the existing processing accuracy, when preparing the micron-scale protrusions 14, the formed micron-scale protrusions 14 may not form a completely regular shape at the microscopic level. As long as a generally regular papilla-like structure with a certain height is formed, it can play a hydrophobic role.
[0078] In some examples, in step S100, it further includes machining nanoparticles 15 on the surface of the micron-scale protrusions 14. In step S200, the biocatalytic layer 50 covers the micron-scale protrusions 14 and the nanoparticles 15. In some examples, the nanoparticles 15 can be formed by laser machining. Specifically, a micro-nano structure can be formed by laser etching on the lower surface 12 of the substrate 10 using femtosecond laser, that is, a plurality of micron-scale protrusions 14 are formed on the outer surface and a plurality of nanoparticles 15 are formed on the surface of the micron-scale protrusions 14. In some examples, after laser etching, the lower surface 12 of the substrate 10 can be cleaned to remove the surface impurity particles, and an outer surface with a micro-nano structure is obtained.
[0079] In some examples, in step S200, the biocatalytic material may have redox catalytic activity. In some examples, in step S200, the biocatalytic material may have CAT-like catalytic activity and SOD-like activity. In some examples, the biocatalytic material may have biocompatibility. In some examples, the biocatalytic material may be an intermetallic compound. In some examples, the biocatalytic material may be V 67 Ru 33 、V65 Ru 27 B8, Ru 72 V 21 B7. Thus, the biocatalytic layer 50 can have appropriate catalytic activity. In some examples, preferably, the biocatalytic material can be V 65 Ru 27 B8. Compared with the VRu material without B element doping, the VRuB material doped with B has stronger catalytic performance and stronger ROS scavenging function.
[0080] In some examples, in step S200, the biocatalytic layer 50 can be formed by magnetron sputtering technology. Specifically, the biocatalytic material can be used as a target, and the biocatalytic material is deposited on the surface of the microscale protrusion 14 by magnetron sputtering technology to form the biocatalytic layer 50. In this case, on the one hand, it is convenient for the biocatalytic layer 50 to be stably deposited on the surface of the microscale protrusion 14, improving the stability of the wound dressing 1; on the other hand, it is also convenient to control the structure and ratio of the biocatalytic material to form a biocatalytic layer 50 with appropriate catalytic activity. In some examples, when the biocatalytic material is composed of multiple elements, the magnetron co-sputtering technology can be used to deposit the atoms of each element on the target surface to form the biocatalytic layer 50. For example, when the biocatalytic material is V 65 Ru 27 B8, V, Ru, and B can be used as targets, and V, Ru, and B are deposited on the lower surface 12 of the substrate 10 by magnetron co-sputtering technology to form the biocatalytic layer 50. In this case, multiple targets (V, Ru, B) are simultaneously bombarded by plasma in the vacuum chamber, which is convenient for B to be synchronously embedded in the VRu lattice during the deposition process. Thus, it is convenient to form the biocatalytic material. In some examples, the biocatalytic material formed by magnetron co-sputtering technology can have a stable ternary phase (VRuB).
[0081] In some examples, the temperature of a predetermined position (such as the substrate 10) can be controlled at 100 °C during deposition. In this case, limited thermal activation energy can be provided for the deposited atoms to promote surface atom densification.
[0082] In some examples, in step S200, the thickness of the biocatalytic layer 50 can be no more than 1 μm. In some examples, in step S200, the thickness of the biocatalytic layer 50 can be adjusted by controlling the deposition rate and deposition time. In some examples, the deposition rate can be maintained at 0.15 nm / s. In some examples, a biocatalytic material with a purity of more than 99.9% can be used as a target.
[0083] As described above, in some examples, the wound dressing 1 may further include other functional layers (such as the intermediate layer 20 and the upper layer 30). Other functional layers may be stacked on the upper layer 30 of the substrate 10. The order of this step may not be limited, that is, the step of setting other functional layers may occur before step S100, between step S100 and step S200, or after step S200.
[0084] In some examples, preferably, the preparation method may include the following steps: machining a plurality of micron-scale protrusions 14 arranged at intervals on the surface of the substrate 10, the height of the micron-scale protrusions 14 being 20 μm to 150 μm, and the distance between two adjacent micron-scale protrusions 14 being 20 μm to 200 μm; depositing a biocatalytic material with redox catalytic activity on the surface of the micron-scale protrusions 14 to form a biocatalytic layer 50 covering the micron-scale protrusions 14, the thickness of the biocatalytic layer 50 being not more than 1 μm, and the biocatalytic layer 50 forming the outer surface of the wound dressing 1, the outer surface having superhydrophobicity.
[0085] In summary, the present disclosure can provide a wound dressing 1 that can scavenge ROS and has superhydrophobicity and a preparation method thereof. The wound dressing 1 can provide a good healing environment for the wound surface. In particular, due to the function of the wound dressing 1 to scavenge ROS, it can be particularly suitable for promoting the healing of acute / chronic wounds caused by immunosuppression / diabetes, etc.
[0086] Hereinafter, the wound dressing 1 provided by the present disclosure will be described in detail in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present disclosure.
[0087] 1. Fabrication of the biocatalytic layer.
[0088] The biocatalytic layer was synthesized by a single magnetron co-sputtering process. For this purpose, V, B, and Ru with a purity of 99.9% were used as sputtering targets, and the diameter of each target was 50.8 mm (Taizhou Sante Material Technology Co., Ltd.). Subsequently, a biocatalytic layer with a thickness of 0.1 μm was deposited on the target surface by magnetron co-sputtering. The deposition process was carried out under an argon pressure of 0.5 Pa, and the argon purity was 99.999%. The deposition rate was maintained at 0.15 nm / s, the total duration was 600 seconds, and the substrate temperature was precisely controlled at 100 °C.
[0089] The following materials including the biocatalytic layer were prepared, and the thickness of the biocatalytic layer was 0.1 μm for all:
[0090] (1) N-type single-sided polished monocrystalline silicon wafer (001) (Taizhou Sante Material Technology Co., Ltd.) + V 65 Ru 27 B8 (VRuB, if not specifically indicated later, VRuB all refers to V 65 Ru27 B8).
[0091] (2) N-type single-sided polished monocrystalline silicon wafer + V 67 Ru 33 (VRu refers to V 67 Ru 33 , and if not explicitly stated otherwise later, VRu always refers to V 67 Ru 33 ).
[0092] (3) N-type single-sided polished monocrystalline silicon wafer + Ru 72 V 21 B7.
[0093] (4) SWD + VRu: SWD refers to a sandwich-type wound dressing (substrate + intermediate layer + upper layer, the substrate layer has through holes and its lower surface is provided with micro-nano structures to make its lower surface superhydrophobic, and the intermediate layer carries mesenchymal stem cell exosomes), and VRu is deposited on the lower surface of the substrate layer of SWD.
[0094] (5) SWD + VRuB: VRuB is deposited on the lower surface of the substrate layer of SWD.
[0095] Figure 7 shows a scanning electron microscope image of the outer surface of SWD + VRuB involved in the examples of the present disclosure. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the measurement of the droplet contact angle of the outer surface of SWD + VRuB involved in the examples of the present disclosure.
[0096] Figure 7 In a, part and b part are scanning electron microscope images of the outer surface of VRuB-SWD at different scales. From Figure 7 it can be seen that V 65 Ru 27 B8 basically completely covers the micron-sized protrusions. Figure 8 shows that V 65 Ru 27 B8 coating has a contact angle greater than 150°, indicating its superhydrophobicity, that is, the deposition of the biocatalytic layer does not affect the superhydrophobic performance of the outer surface of the wound dressing.
[0097] 2. Performance evaluation of the biocatalytic layer in ROS catalysis.
[0098] Use the N-type single-sided polished monocrystalline silicon wafers deposited with different biocatalytic layers in (1)-(3) for testing.
[0099] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing the structural characteristics of the biocatalytic coating involved in the examples of the present disclosure. Among them, Figure 9 in a part is the scanning electron microscope image of VRuB. Figure 9Part b shows the TEM image of VRuB. Figure 9 Part c shows the STEM spectral imaging of the VRuB coating, revealing the distribution of V, Ru, and B elements. Figure 9 Part d shows the HAADF-STEM image showing the atomic arrangement of VRuB. The white area in the upper right corner represents the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern, and the yellow area in the lower right corner shows the enlarged view of the area within the yellow box in the image.
[0100] Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image ( Figure 9 part a) shows that the VRuB coating has a developed microstructure. Its rough surface morphology increases the specific surface area, provides abundant catalytic active sites, and improves the catalytic performance. The VRuB coating exhibits the characteristics of a columnar crystal structure with a uniform thickness ( Figure 9 part b). In addition, the VRuB coating shows excellent adhesion on various medical substrates, highlighting its potential in various medical material applications.
[0101] Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis deeply reveals the spatial distribution of V and Ru, while the trace amount of B uniformly embedded in the VRu crystal matrix confirms its successful incorporation ( Figure 9 part c). High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope (HAADF-STEM) image ( Figure 9 part d) shows the highly ordered crystal arrangement of the coating. The measured lattice spacing is 0.2216 nm, which is consistent with the 011 plane of the body-centered cubic (BCC) structure, conforming to the standard VRu crystal characteristics. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis further verifies the integrity of the structure. Importantly, the addition of B does not disrupt the VRu crystal framework. Additionally, DFT calculations show that the incorporation of boron mainly occurs through interstitial doping rather than substitutional doping.
[0102] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing the biocatalytic ROS-scavenging performance of the biocatalytic layer involved in the examples of the present disclosure. Figure 10 Part a is a radar chart of the biocatalytic ROS-scavenging performance. Figure 10 Part b is a schematic diagram demonstrating the CAT-like activity of VRu and VRuB by generating O2 (data are presented as mean ± S.D. (n = 3)). Figure 10 Part c is a schematic diagram of the stability test of the CAT-like activity of VRuB. Figure 10 Part d shows the TON value of the prepared biocatalyst and the V max value, and the comparison of the TON value and V max value with those of other prepared biocatalysts.
[0103] The catalytic activities of VRuB and VRu coatings were detected, and the results showed that they had significant effects on catalyzing active species such as H2O2, O2 - and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH) ( Figure 10 part a in). The CAT-like activity was evaluated for the decomposition of H2O2 by the titanium peroxide complex method. The results showed that the H2O2 removal efficiency of the VRuB biocatalyst was as high as 89.4%, significantly higher than 75.2% of the VRu biocatalyst, indicating that the addition of B greatly improved the activity of the catalyst.
[0104] In addition, the oxygen generation experiment confirmed the excellent performance of VRuB and VRu in decomposing H2O2 to release oxygen ( Figure 10 part b in). To evaluate the catalytic stability during repeated use, 20 consecutive cycles were carried out ( Figure 10 part c in). The results showed that the catalytic performance of the coating did not significantly decrease after multiple uses, demonstrating the excellent stability of the coating and highlighting its long-term durability in ROS scavenging applications. In the steady-state catalytic kinetics study, the K m , V max and TON values of VRuB were calculated, and its V max reached 48.53 μM s -1 , and the TON was 7.66 s -1 , both significantly higher than those of VRu. This finding indicates that VRuB exhibits higher efficiency in CAT-like catalytic kinetics. As a novel intermetallic compound-coated catalyst, the CAT-like enzyme activity of the VRuB biocatalyst is also much higher than that of traditional metal nanoparticle biocatalysts. The V max and TON values of the VRuB biocatalyst were compared with those of existing nanoparticle-based metal biocatalysts (such as Mn3O4 and Cu 5.4 O) ( max part d in and Table 2). The results showed that the VRuB biocatalyst had excellent CAT-like activity and outstanding TON values compared with other catalysts. In addition to the CAT-like catalytic activity, the SOD-like activity of the VRuB biocatalyst was also studied. SOD plays an important role in the anti-ROS system by scavenging superoxide radicals (O2 Figure 10 ). Using the nitroblue tetrazolium chloride method, it was found that both the VRuB and VRu biocatalysts could effectively scavenge O2 - ). -(The clearance rate within 5 minutes was approximately 81%), indicating that the addition of B did not alter the inherent SOD-like activity. Additionally, to evaluate the ability of the biocatalyst to scavenge reactive nitrogen species (RNS), a DPPH radical scavenging assay was also conducted. The VRuB biocatalyst showed excellent performance in scavenging DPPH radicals, significantly superior to the undoped VRu biocatalyst ( Figure 10 part a in
[0105] In summary, the VRuB biocatalyst not only exceeded the VRu biocatalyst in terms of CAT-like catalytic performance but also exhibited stronger SOD-like activity and RNS scavenging ability due to the addition of B. This unique multifunctional activity highlights the potential application of the VRuB biocatalyst in ROS management and provides new insights for the design of advanced biocatalysts.
[0106] Table 2
[0107] Materials <![CDATA[V max (μM·s -1 )]]> <]]> <![CDATA[TON(s -1 )]]> <![CDATA[V 21 Ru 72 B7]]> 48.53 6.34(ICP) 7.66 <![CDATA[V 65 Ru 27 B8]]> 33.4 5.82(ICP) 5.74 <![CDATA[V 67 Ru 33 > 26.4 8.49(ICP) 3.11 <![CDATA[Ru SA -CN]]> 10.02 13.01 0.77 CoO-Ir 39.71 14.49 2.74 pero-Nanozysome(Fe) 1.22 90 0.253 Ru@CoSe 23.05 11.5 2.004 <![CDATA[Mn3O4 hexagonal plates]]> 7.37 65.45 0.1126 <![CDATA[Mn3O4 flakes]]> 21.75 65.45 0.3323 <![CDATA[Cu 5.4 O]]> 3.92 15.04 0.2606 <![CDATA[Au 24 Cu1]]> 5.83 2.997 1.9450 <![CDATA[Ru / def-Cu(OH)2]]> 68.26 12.19 5.6 <![CDATA[MnO2]]> 2.4 4968.94 <![CDATA[4.83*10 -4 >
[0108] 3. Use a biocatalytic layer composite dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic mice.
[0109] Animal experiments were conducted on mice to evaluate the effects of various fabricated dressings on wound healing.
[0110] Male BALB / c mice (6 to 8 weeks old) were obtained from Jin Pharmaceutical (Nanjing, China) and housed in the animal breeding room of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University. All procedures involving animals were strictly in accordance with the Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and every effort was made to minimize animal suffering throughout the study.
[0111] Induce a diabetic mouse model and a wound model. Male BALB / c mice at 6 - 8 weeks of age were subjected to a 4-week high-fat diet induction and then intraperitoneally injected with 200 mg / kg streptozotocin (STZ; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). Blood glucose levels were measured using a blood glucose meter (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Animals with blood glucose levels exceeding 20 mmol / L for two consecutive days were considered diabetic animals and underwent skin wound surgery. The dorsal central area of the diabetic model mice was depilated using a depilatory cream and a depilation device. A circular wound with a diameter of 8 mm was created using a skin biopsy punch, with sharp and clean wound edges. The wound was pressed with a cotton swab to stop bleeding.
[0112] Diabetic BALB / c mice with dorsal skin wounds were divided into four groups, and each group received one of the following treatment methods: (1) traditional medical gauze (control group, Gauze); (2) SWD (sandwich dressing); (3) SWD-VRu; or (4) SWD-VRuB. There were 3 mice in each group. The mice were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, the wounds were covered with the corresponding dressings and fixed with medical adhesive bandages. The dressings were changed every 3 days. The wound size was recorded using calipers, and the changes in the wound appearance were captured with a camera. The wound area was quantified using ImageJ software to statistically analyze the wound healing rate. On the last day of the experiment (day 15), the mice were anesthetized and euthanized, and the regenerated skin tissues were collected from the back for further analysis. Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram showing the changes in wounds treated with gauze (control group), SWD (sandwich dressing), SWD-VRu, and SWD-VRuB respectively, which are involved in the examples of the present disclosure.
[0113] Histopathological analysis. The skin tissue was divided into two halves along the midline. One half of the tissue was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 24 hours, and then dehydrated in 15% and 30% sucrose solutions for 24 hours and 12 hours respectively. Then the dehydrated skin tissue was placed in an embedding cassette and embedded in optimal cutting temperature (OCT) compound. Tissue sections with a thickness of 6 μm were cut and subjected to conventional hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), CD31, and Masson's trichrome staining. After mounting, the tissue was observed and photographed under a light microscope and a fluorescence microscope. In addition, the dihydroethidium (DHE) staining method was used to evaluate the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the wound tissue. Briefly, the other half of the skin tissue was quickly frozen in liquid nitrogen and prepared into frozen sections. The frozen sections with a thickness of 8 μm were rinsed with PBS, stained with 20 μM DHE (Beyotime, S0063, China) for 30 minutes, and then stained with DAPI according to the manufacturer's instructions. The fluorescence intensity was observed under a fluorescence microscope, and the images were taken and recorded. Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram showing the H&E, CD31, Masson's, and DHE staining of the skin tissue around the wounds, which are involved in the examples of the present disclosure. Among them, H&E, CD31, and Masson's staining were performed on paraffin sections, while DHE staining was performed on frozen sections. Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram showing the histological epithelial gap measurement of the skin tissue around the wounds, which are involved in the examples of the present disclosure.
[0114] From Figure 11It can be seen that in the early inflammatory stage (0 - 6 days), compared with the gauze control group and the SWD group, the SWD-VRuB group had a significantly faster wound healing rate, less infection, and better overall healing quality. In the proliferative stage (6 - 12 days), both the SWD-VRu group and the SWD-VRuB group showed more active dermal proliferation. In the remodeling stage (12 - 15 days), the SWD-VRuB group completed skin healing and re-epithelialization earliest, accompanied by the regeneration of skin appendages and the regression of newly formed blood vessels.
[0115] It can be seen from Figure 12 , Figure 13 that the wound healing of the gauze control group was poor. Due to tissue shedding during dressing change, the wound edges were irregular (). DHE staining of the gauze group showed obvious shedding of loose wound tissue, and the porous gauze structure allowed granulation tissue to grow into the pores, causing severe adhesion and resulting in tissue shedding during dressing change. This led to wrinkles and scars on the healed wound, and Masson's trichrome staining showed excessive collagen deposition, which might lead to the formation of hypertrophic keloids. In contrast, the wound surface of the SWD group with reduced adhesion was flatter and healed faster, but due to the lack of additional healing intervention, collagen deposition was less. In the VRu and VRuB groups, a metal coating that catalyzes ROS was applied using magnetron sputtering technology, effectively retaining the anti-adhesion property of SWD. As shown by DHE staining, the introduction of these ROS scavenging catalysts significantly reduced the ROS level in the wound and corrected the local high-ROS state. In the VRuB group, the stronger ROS scavenging ability of VRuB effectively eliminated excessive ROS, and there was almost no red fluorescence in DHE staining. CD31 staining indicated that the reduction in ROS generation improved the microenvironment of diabetic wounds, alleviated oxidative stress, and promoted local angiogenesis, which is crucial for the effective healing of wounds.
[0116] These research results indicate that SWD-VRu and SWD-VRuB can not only maintain the anti-adhesion effect of the SWD dressing but also resist oxidative stress, promote the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of dermal fibroblasts, thus accelerating the healing of diabetic wounds. Among them, the effect of SWD-VRuB is better than that of SWD-VRu.
[0117] In summary, the wound dressing with a biocatalytic layer developed in the present invention has significant advantages in promoting wound healing, especially in promoting the healing of acute / chronic wounds caused by immunosuppression / diabetes, demonstrating its important clinical application potential. Therefore, the present disclosure can provide a wound dressing capable of scavenging ROS and having superhydrophobicity and its preparation method.
[0118] Although the present disclosure has been specifically described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, it is understood that the above description does not limit the present disclosure in any way. Those skilled in the art can make modifications and variations to the present disclosure as needed without departing from the essence and scope of the present disclosure, and these modifications and variations all fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A wound dressing, characterized in that, Comprising a substrate, a plurality of micron-sized protrusions arranged at intervals on the substrate, and a biocatalytic layer covering the micron-sized protrusions, the height of the micron-sized protrusions being 20 μm to 150 μm, and the distance between adjacent two micron-sized protrusions being 20 μm to 200 μm, the biocatalytic layer being formed by depositing a biocatalytic material having redox catalytic activity, and the thickness of the biocatalytic layer being not greater than 1 μm, the biocatalytic layer covering the micron-sized protrusions forms the outer surface of the wound dressing, and the outer surface has superhydrophobicity.
2. The wound dressing according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of micron-sized protrusions are arranged in an array.
3. The wound dressing according to claim 1, wherein the micron-sized protrusions are papillary, conical, or columnar.
4. The wound dressing according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the biocatalytic layer is 0.001 μm - 1 μm.
5. The wound dressing according to claim 1, wherein the biocatalytic layer is formed by magnetron sputtering technology. Specifically, the biocatalytic material is used as a target, and the biocatalytic material is deposited on the surface of the micron-sized protrusions by magnetron sputtering technology to form the biocatalytic layer.
6. The wound dressing according to claim 1, wherein the material of the substrate is silicone.
7. The wound dressing according to claim 1, wherein The biocatalytic material is V 67 Ru 33 、V 65 Ru 27 B8, Ru 72 V 21 B7 8. The wound dressing according to claim 1, wherein the wound dressing is used to improve diabetic wounds.
9. The wound dressing according to claim 1, wherein further comprising nanoparticles disposed on the surface of the micron-sized protrusions, the particle size of the nanoparticles being 50 nm to 1000 nm, and the biocatalytic layer covering the micron-sized protrusions and the nanoparticles.
10. A method for preparing a wound dressing, characterized in that comprises the following steps: processing a plurality of micron-sized protrusions arranged at intervals on the surface of the substrate, the height of the micron-sized protrusions being 20 μm to 150 μm, and the distance between adjacent two micron-sized protrusions being 20 μm to 200 μm; depositing a biocatalytic material having redox catalytic activity on the surface of the micron-sized protrusions to form a biocatalytic layer covering the micron-sized protrusions, the thickness of the biocatalytic layer being not greater than 1 μm, and the biocatalytic layer forms the outer surface of the wound dressing, and the outer surface has superhydrophobicity.