Device for removing mixed gas by using biochar-loaded strains

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for removing mixed gas by using biochar-loaded strains, which comprises a shell, a gas concentration detection sensor connected with a gas concentration display alarm, an air supply fan close to an air inlet, an air exhaust fan close to an air outlet, and a biochar adsorption material module between the air supply fan and the air exhaust fan, the gas concentration detection sensor is located on the inner side of the gas outlet, the charcoal adsorption material module is in an S-shaped zigzag shape, filler is placed in the charcoal adsorption material module and contains modified bamboo powder charcoal loaded with strains DW-1, a CO catalyst and seaweed-based charcoal loaded with methylomonas WH-1, and a cover capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the top of the shell. The method has the beneficial effects that the harmful gas can be quickly removed through cascade synergistic adsorption of charcoal, strain loading and a CO catalyst. S-shaped bending increases the filler coverage area in a limited space, increases the adsorption area, prolongs the gas contact time, and improves the removal rate through the synergistic effect in combination with the biochar and the microbial loading material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to a gas purification device and relates to a device for removing harmful gases. Background Art

[0002] A large amount of harmful gases (CO, CH4, H2S) are deposited in a confined space, seriously endangering the personal safety of construction workers. Adopting a design idea of interdisciplinary technology integration, it is intended to design a device for green and efficient treatment of harmful gases to ensure the life safety of workers during deep foundation pit construction and greatly improve the operation efficiency of deep foundation pit work.

[0003] Traditional confined space operations mainly use the mode of limited-time operation and long-time ventilation, with very slow efficiency, which greatly limits the construction efficiency of deep foundation pits. Traditional methods for removing harmful gases include physical, chemical, and biological methods. Among them, physical adsorption only has good effects on certain gases with strong polarity. Chemical methods mainly include chemical reagent absorption and catalytic combustion, etc. The research and development of new catalytic materials is very expensive, with high costs and complexity. In comparison, the biological method has relatively good advantages, with lower costs, safety, and the ability to survive for a long time and continuously play a role. However, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and how to combine the advantages together is a topic that needs to be studied.

[0004] Biochar materials can adsorb harmful gases relying on the characteristics of their large surface area and porous structure. Chemical catalysts can react with gases and dissolve and adsorb part of them. Some microorganisms and functional enzymes can convert gases into their own biomass as energy sources. At the same time, materials such as biochar can improve the biological activity and stability of microorganisms. Therefore, if a composite device can be made by combining physics, chemistry, and biology, more efficient and normalized removal of harmful gases in a confined space can be achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a device for removing mixed gases by biochar-supported strains, integrating the advantages of biological, chemical, and physical removal methods to quickly remove harmful gases in confined spaces such as foundation pits, mine shafts, and sewer pipes.

[0006] Technical solution of the present invention: A device for removing mixed gas by biochar-supported strains, comprising a housing, in which there are a blower fan, a biochar adsorption material module, an exhaust fan, and a gas concentration detection sensor. The gas concentration detection sensor is connected to a gas concentration display alarm. The blower fan is arranged near the air inlet, and the exhaust fan is arranged near the air outlet. Between the blower fan and the exhaust fan is the biochar adsorption material module. The gas concentration detection sensor is located inside the air outlet. The biochar adsorption material module is in an S-shaped zigzag shape, and fillers are placed inside. The fillers include modified bamboo powder biochar loaded with the strain Pseudomonas sp. DW-1, a CO catalyst, and seaweed-based biochar loaded with Methylomonas sp. WH-1. A lid that can be opened and closed is provided at the top of the housing. The nucleotide sequence of Pseudomonas sp. DW-1 is as shown in SEQ ID NO.1.

[0007] Further, a front dust-proof filter membrane and a rear dust-proof filter membrane are provided inside the housing. The front dust-proof filter membrane is located between the blower fan and the biochar adsorption material module, and the rear dust-proof filter membrane is located between the blower fan and the biochar adsorption material module.

[0008] Further, the biochar adsorption material module is provided with a partition framework, which divides the biochar adsorption material module into multiple placement cavities. In the placement cavities, wire cages are placed, and fillers are placed in the wire cages. The wire cages are divided into three layers. The middle layer is for placing the CO catalyst filler, and the modified bamboo powder biochar loaded with the strain Pseudomonas sp. DW-1 and the seaweed-based biochar loaded with Methylomonas sp. WH-1 fillers are placed on both sides respectively.

[0009] The preparation method of the modified bamboo powder biochar is as follows: Bamboo powder, K2FeO4, and KOH are added to deionized water according to a mass ratio of 3 - 3.5:2:2, magnetically stirred for 3 - 4 h, filtered through a 100-mesh filter screen, transferred to an oven at 80 - 85°C for drying, heated to 650 - 700°C at a heating rate of 8 - 10°C / min under an inert atmosphere and a pressure of 0.5 - 0.6 MPa, and maintained for 2 - 2.5 h, and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the modified bamboo powder biochar. The resuspension obtained by centrifuging and washing the strain culture medium is mixed with the biochar and incubated for 20 - 24 h to obtain the modified bamboo powder biochar loaded with the strain Pseudomonas sp. DW-1.

[0010] Preparation method of seaweed-based biochar loaded with Methylomonas WH-1: After grinding the seaweed, pass it through an 80-mesh sieve, incubate it with urea for modification and then dry it in an oven at 80°C, heat it to 600°C at a rate of 10°C / min under an inert atmosphere, keep it warm for 2 h, and then naturally cool it to room temperature. Then, heat the material to 600°C at 10°C / min under a CO2 atmosphere, activate it for 2 h, and cool it to room temperature to obtain the final biochar material. The Methylomonas WH-1 strain was shaken and cultured in LB medium for 12 h, washed three times by centrifugation in NMS inorganic salt medium, and then resuspended to a bacterial OD600 of 0.4. Every 10 g of biochar and 5 mL of bacterial solution were incubated for 20 h.

[0011] The CO catalyst is biochar loaded with CuCl2 and MnO2.

[0012] Biomaterial deposit information: Pseudomonas sp. DW-1, classified and named Pseudomonas sp. , deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) on May 12, 2025, deposit address: Wuhan, China; deposit number: CCTCC NO:M20251031.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention is based on the comprehensive advantages of biological, chemical and physical removal methods, and loads biochar with bacteria that convert H2S and bacteria that convert CH4, and cascades and synergistically adsorbs biochar and strain loads and CO catalysts, so that harmful gases can be quickly removed, and the work efficiency of personnel in construction sites such as foundation pits, mine caves, and sewers can be improved. The device uses S-shaped twists and turns to increase the coverage area of the filler in a limited space, increase the adsorption area, and have a good effect of decomposing and adsorbing toxic gases. The use of an interlayer skeleton and a mesh box makes it convenient to replace the filler, and the mesh boxes at the air inlet and air outlet can be replaced at intervals. The failure time of the filler is distinguished. The air inlet has more adsorption and fails quickly, and the replacement frequency is greater than that of the mesh box at the air outlet, which can avoid replacing all the fillers at one time and improve the use effect of the filler. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an S-shaped zigzag implementation method of the device in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the interlayer skeleton; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cage separated from the partition frame; Figure 4 It is a line graph showing the effect of implementing the device of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a diagram showing the direct adsorption effect of the device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] A device for removing mixed gas by biochar-supported strains, comprising a housing 8. Inside the housing 8, there are a blower fan 1, a front dust-proof filter membrane 2, a biochar adsorption material module 3, an exhaust fan 4, a rear dust-proof filter membrane 5, and a gas concentration detection sensor 6. The gas concentration detection sensor 6 is connected to a gas concentration display alarm 7. The blower fan 1 is arranged near the air inlet, and the exhaust fan 4 is arranged near the air outlet. Between the blower fan 1 and the exhaust fan 4 is the biochar adsorption material module 3. The gas concentration detection sensor 6 is located inside the air outlet. The biochar adsorption material module 3 is in an S-shaped zigzag shape (such as Figure 1 ), and fillers are placed inside. The fillers include modified bamboo powder biochar loaded with the strain Pseudomonas sp. DW-1, a CO catalyst, and seaweed-based biochar loaded with Methylomonas sp. WH-1. The top of the housing 8 is provided with an openable cover. The front dust-proof filter membrane 2 is located between the blower fan 1 and the biochar adsorption material module 3, and the rear dust-proof filter membrane 5 is located between the exhaust fan 4 and the biochar adsorption material module 3. The gas enters from the inlet, is adsorbed and transformed by the fillers, and the toxic gas becomes non-toxic and is discharged through the outlet. The gas concentration detection sensor 6 detects the concentration of toxic and harmful gases in the discharged gas, and the concentration is displayed by the gas concentration display alarm 7. If it exceeds the preset value, an alarm will be triggered.

[0016] The nucleotide sequence of Pseudomonas sp. DW-1 is shown in SEQ ID NO.1, and Methylomonas sp. WH-1 is a reported Methylomonas with CH4 conversion ability.

[0017] To facilitate the replacement of the fillers, the biochar adsorption material module 3 is provided with a partition skeleton 9. The partition skeleton 9 divides the biochar adsorption material module 3 into multiple placement cavities. In the placement cavities, wire boxes 10 are placed, and the fillers are placed in the wire boxes 10. The wire boxes 10 are divided into three layers. The middle layer is for placing the CO catalyst filler, and on both sides, the modified bamboo powder biochar loaded with the strain Pseudomonas sp. DW-1 and the seaweed-based biochar loaded with Methylomonas sp. WH-1 fillers are placed respectively. With this structure, the wire box closest to the air inlet can be replaced first. Open the cover and lift out the wire box, and then place a wire box with new fillers. The wire box closest to the air outlet can be replaced after a period of time. This can avoid replacing all the fillers at once and prevent the different degrees of use of the front and rear fillers, resulting in a low utilization rate of the fillers.

[0018] The preparation method of the above-mentioned modified bamboo powder biochar is as follows: Bamboo powder, K2FeO4, and KOH are added to deionized water according to a mass ratio of 3:2:2, magnetically stirred for 3 h, filtered through a 100-mesh sieve, transferred to an oven at 80 °C for drying, and then heated to 650-700 °C at a heating rate of 8-10 °C / min under an inert atmosphere and a pressure of 0.5 MPa and held for 2 h, followed by natural cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified bamboo powder biochar. After Pseudomonas sp. DW-1 is enriched by nutritional culture in LB medium (composition: 10 g / L tryptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, 10 g / L sodium chloride), it is centrifuged and washed with inorganic salt medium and then resuspended to obtain a Pseudomonas sp. DW-1 suspension. Take 5 mL of the Pseudomonas sp. DW-1 suspension and mix it with the modified bamboo powder biochar, and incubate for 24 h to obtain the modified bamboo powder biochar loaded with the strain Pseudomonas sp. DW-1. The modified bamboo powder biochar loaded with the strain Pseudomonas sp. DW-1 can rapidly remove hydrogen sulfide.

[0019] The preparation method of the seaweed-based biochar loaded with Methylomonas sp. WH-1: Grind the seaweed and pass it through an 80-mesh sieve, incubate and modify it with urea, dry it in an oven at 80 °C, heat it to 600 °C at a rate of 10 °C / min under an inert atmosphere and hold for 2 h, then naturally cool to room temperature, and then heat the material to 600 °C at a rate of 10 °C / min in a CO2 atmosphere and activate for 2 h, and cool to room temperature to obtain the final biochar material. The Methylomonas sp. WH-1 strain is cultured by shaking in LB medium for 12 h, centrifuged and washed 3 times with NMS inorganic salt medium and then resuspended until the OD600 of the cells is 0.4, and every 10 g of biochar and 5 mL of the bacterial solution are incubated for 20 h. The seaweed-based biochar loaded with Methylomonas sp. WH-1 can remove CH4, and it contains enzymes that can oxidize methane into methanol to provide energy for its own reproduction and survival.

[0020] The CO catalyst is preferably: biochar loaded with CuCl2 and MnO2. The CO catalyst reacts CO to CO2 and is purchased from a mining CO catalyst sold by an online merchant.

[0021] The cover of the whole device can be opened and is provided with a glass window to observe the situation inside the device. The gas flow entering the device is increased by the air supply fan 1, and the front and rear dust-proof filter membranes filter the gas to remove dust, etc. After the module device is taken out, it can be opened and closed, which is more convenient for replacing the adsorption material. The biochar adsorption material module 3 is set in a S-shaped zigzag shape, which increases the adsorption area while blocking and prolonging the contact time between the gas and the packing, thereby enhancing the adsorption effect. At the same time, by adding high-efficiency packing, the adsorption time is shortened, so as to achieve the efficient removal of harmful gases in a limited space. By adopting the above technical solutions, the removal of harmful gases in a closed space is achieved through the combined action of multiple packings, multiple methods, and structural design, reducing the concentration of harmful gases in the environment and ensuring the safety of operators.

[0022] Example 1 The device was placed in an airtight box, and the simulation of pairwise gas mixing was carried out in the sealed box, and the gas was introduced at a flow rate of 20 L / min. The results are as follows Figure 4 shown. It was found that the removal rates of H2S, CH4, and CO at specific concentrations reached 100%, 37%, and 60% respectively, all of which dropped below the safe concentration.

[0023] Example 2 The gas was directly flowed through the device for adsorption at a gas flow rate of 50 L / min. The results are as follows Figure 5 . After treatment, 60 ppm of CO can be reduced to 32 ppm, and the removal rate reaches about 50%. 27% lel of CH4 is reduced to 18% lel, and 30 ppm of H2S is reduced to 0 ppm.

Claims

1. A device for removing mixed gas by a strain loaded on biochar, comprising a housing (8), in which there are a supply air fan (1), a biochar adsorption material module (3), an exhaust air fan (4), and a gas concentration detection sensor (6). The gas concentration detection sensor (6) is connected to a gas concentration display and alarm (7). The supply air fan (1) is arranged near the air inlet, and the exhaust air fan (4) is arranged near the air outlet. The biochar adsorption material module (3) is located between the supply air fan (1) and the exhaust air fan (4). The gas concentration detection sensor (6) is located inside the air outlet. It is characterized in that, The biochar adsorption material module (3) is S-shaped and zigzag, with fillers placed inside. The fillers include modified bamboo powder biochar loaded with the strain Pseudomonas sp. DW-1, a CO catalyst, and seaweed-based biochar loaded with the strain Methylomonas sp. WH-1. The top of the housing (8) is provided with an openable cover. The nucleotide sequence of Pseudomonas sp. DW-1 is shown as SEQ ID NO.

1.

2. The device for removing mixed gas by using a strain loaded on biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that, A front dust-proof filter membrane (2) and a rear dust-proof filter membrane (5) are arranged inside the housing (8). The front dust-proof filter membrane (2) is located between the air supply fan (1) and the biochar adsorption material module (3), and the rear dust-proof filter membrane (5) is located between the biochar adsorption material module (3) and the exhaust fan (4).

3. The device for removing mixed gas by using a strain loaded on biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biochar adsorption material module (3) is provided with a partition framework (9). The partition framework (9) divides the biochar adsorption material module (3) into multiple placement cavities. Mesh boxes (10) are placed in the placement cavities. The mesh boxes (10) are divided into three layers. The middle layer is for placing the CO catalyst filler, and the modified bamboo powder biochar loaded with the strain Pseudomonas sp. DW-1 and the seaweed-based biochar loaded with the strain Methylomonas sp. WH-1 are placed on both sides respectively.

4. The device for removing mixed gas by using a biochar-supported strain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the modified bamboo powder biochar is as follows: Bamboo powder, K2FeO4, and KOH are added to deionized water according to a mass ratio of 3 - 3.5:2:2, magnetically stirred for 3 - 4 h, filtered through a 100-mesh filter, transferred to an oven at 80 - 85°C for drying, heated to 650 - 700°C at a heating rate of 8 - 10°C / min under an inert atmosphere and a pressure of 0.5 - 0.6 MPa, and maintained for 2 - 2.5 h, and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the modified bamboo powder biochar. The resuspension obtained by centrifuging and washing the strain medium is mixed with the biochar and incubated for 20 - 24 h to obtain the modified bamboo powder biochar loaded with the strain Pseudomonas sp. DW-1.

5. The device for removing mixed gas by using a strain loaded on biochar according to claim 4, wherein, Pseudomonas Pseudomonas sp . DW-1 was deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection on May 12, 2025, with the deposit number CCTCC NO: M 20251031.

6. The device for removing mixed gas by using biochar-loaded strains according to claim 4, wherein The preparation method of the seaweed-based biochar loaded with the strain Methylomonas sp. WH-1: Seaweed is ground and sieved through an 80-mesh sieve, incubated and modified with urea, dried in an oven at 80°C, heated to 600°C at a rate of 10°C / min under an inert atmosphere and held for 2 h, then naturally cooled to room temperature. Then the material is heated to 600°C at a rate of 10°C / min in a CO2 atmosphere and activated for 2 h, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the final biochar material. The strain Methylomonas sp. WH-1 is cultured by shaking in an LB medium for 12 h. After centrifuging and washing 3 times with the NMS inorganic salt medium, it is resuspended until the OD600 of the bacteria is 0.

4. Every 10 g of biochar and 5 mL of the bacterial solution are incubated for 20 h.

7. The device for removing mixed gas by biochar-supported strains according to claim 4, characterized in that, The CO catalyst is biochar loaded with CuCl2 and MnO2.

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