Preparation method of high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring piece and aluminum-lithium alloy ring piece

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring piece, which comprises the following steps: cogging: heating a cast ingot to 460-490 DEG C, preserving heat, then carrying out multidirectional upsetting and drawing cogging, and punching a blank after upsetting and drawing to obtain an annular blank; the annular blank is heated to 410-440 DEG C and then subjected to heat preservation, and then the annular blank is subjected to annular rolling treatment; primary cold deformation: carrying out primary cold deformation treatment on the annular blank subjected to ring rolling treatment; solid solution is conducted, specifically, the annular blank subjected to primary cold deformation treatment is heated to 515-530 DEG C, then heat preservation is conducted, and then quenching is conducted; secondary cold deformation: carrying out secondary cold deformation treatment on the annular blank subjected to solution treatment; and the annular blank subjected to secondary cold deformation treatment is subjected to aging treatment. The prepared aluminum-lithium alloy ring piece is good in mechanical property in the tangential direction, the radial direction and the axial direction, small in elongation difference, good in structure uniformity and capable of better meeting actual requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ring preparation, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an aluminum-lithium alloy ring with high uniformity and an aluminum-lithium alloy ring. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum-lithium alloy is the preferred material for the ring-shaped structure of the new generation of rocket bodies at present. It has the advantages of high strength, high modulus, low density, good fracture toughness, and high stress corrosion resistance. However, due to the complex composition and phase composition of aluminum-lithium alloys, such as 2099, 2195 and other aluminum-lithium alloys, by adding the compound of elements such as Li, Cu, Mg / Ag, Zr, etc., to reduce density, solid solution strengthening, promote the precipitation of T1 phase, refine grains, etc. However, it is difficult to control the tissue uniformity of complex alloy systems, resulting in uneven grain distribution of ring-shaped parts products and difficult to control elongation. Conventional processes cannot meet the requirement that the three-way elongation is greater than 5%, which affects the further application of aluminum-lithium alloys in ring-shaped parts.

[0003] A large number of studies have also been carried out in the prior art: For example, Chinese Patent with publication number CN111014538A discloses a method for preparing a 5-meter diameter aluminum-lithium alloy ring for aerospace. Through multiple upsetting and ring rolling processes, a 5-meter diameter aluminum-lithium alloy ring is prepared. However, this process is a conventional process, and the transverse elongation of the prepared ring is 3.6% and the height elongation is 2.8%, which cannot meet the existing requirements. Chinese Patent with publication number CN117947297A discloses a method for preparing a high-strength and low-anisotropy aluminum-lithium alloy material. Through methods such as cross rolling, annealing, cryogenic solution treatment and cross cold rolling cycle treatment, high strength, high elongation and low anisotropy are obtained. This method has a complex process flow and is only applicable to sheet rolling process and cannot meet the needs of ring parts. Chinese Patent with publication number CN117144213A discloses a high-performance aluminum-lithium alloy and a preparation method. Through multi-directional forging and blanking, and deep cold pre-pressing method after solution quenching, an aluminum-lithium alloy blank with relatively high comprehensive performance is obtained. However, this method is only suitable for free forging blanks, and the three-way pre-pressing process cannot be realized for ring-shaped parts.

[0004] In summary, in the prior art, there is no preparation process that can fully meet the requirements of multi-phase regulation of large-size aluminum-lithium alloy ring parts to obtain high-uniformity and high three-way elongation aluminum-lithium alloy ring parts products. Therefore, the present invention aims to develop a method for preparing an aluminum-lithium alloy ring with high uniformity and an aluminum-lithium alloy ring to better meet the actual needs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an aluminum-lithium alloy ring with high uniformity, so as to solve the problems of difficult control of tissue uniformity and poor three-way mechanical properties in the preparation process of existing aluminum-lithium alloy rings.

[0006] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to obtain an aluminum-lithium alloy ring with high uniformity and good three-way mechanical properties.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A method for preparing an aluminum-lithium alloy ring with high uniformity, comprising the following steps: Billet opening: Heat the ingot to 460-490 °C and hold for a certain time, then perform multi-directional upsetting and drawing to open the billet. After upsetting and drawing are completed, punch the billet to obtain a ring-shaped billet; Ring rolling: Heat the ring-shaped billet to 410-440 °C and hold for a certain time, then perform ring rolling; Primary cold deformation: Perform primary cold deformation on the ring-shaped billet after ring rolling, so that the bulging amount of the ring-shaped billet is 5-8%; Solution treatment: Heat the ring-shaped billet after primary cold deformation to 515-530 °C and hold for a certain time, then quench; Secondary cold deformation: Perform secondary cold deformation on the ring-shaped billet after solution treatment, so that the bulging amount of the billet is 2-4%; Aging: Perform aging treatment on the ring-shaped billet after secondary cold deformation, and that's it.

[0008] Further, in the billet opening step, after the ingot is heated, it is held for 10-15 h, and the number of upsetting and drawing times is 3-6 times.

[0009] Further, in the ring rolling step, after the ring-shaped billet is heated, it is held for 6-12 h and then ring rolling is performed.

[0010] Further, in the ring rolling step, the ring-shaped billet is ring rolled in a ring rolling mill. The linear speed of the driving roll of the ring rolling mill is 0.8-1.2 m / s, and the diameter growth speed of the ring-shaped billet is 2-4 mm / s.

[0011] Further, the primary cold deformation is carried out in a bulging machine. Preferably, the primary cold deformation is carried out at room temperature.

[0012] Further, during the solution treatment, after the ring-shaped billet is heated, it is held for 2-5 h, and then quenched with room temperature water.

[0013] Further, the secondary cold deformation is carried out in a bulging machine. Preferably, the secondary cold deformation is carried out at room temperature.

[0014] Further, in the aging step, the aging temperature is 140-155 °C, and the aging time is 15-40 h.

[0015] Further, the aluminum-lithium alloy ring is a 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy ring.

[0016] A high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring, the tangential tensile strength of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring is greater than 570 MPa, and the elongation is greater than 10%; the radial tensile strength of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring is greater than 540 MPa, and the elongation is greater than 7.5%; the axial tensile strength of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring is greater than 540 MPa, and the elongation is greater than 7.0%.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The preparation method of the high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring of the present invention can improve its thermal deformation energy storage and cold deformation energy storage without causing damage to the ring blank through the coordinated control of high-temperature multi-directional forging for blanking, medium-high-temperature ring rolling, cold expansion forming, high-temperature solution treatment, etc., and obtain a uniform and fine recrystallized structure to form a high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring, which well solves the problem of poor three-directional mechanical properties of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring prepared by the existing process, especially the large difference in elongation.

[0018] The high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring of the present invention has good mechanical properties in the tangential, radial and axial directions, small difference in elongation, and good tissue uniformity, and can better meet the actual needs. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is the metallographic structure diagram of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is the metallographic structure diagram of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is the metallographic structure diagram of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is the metallographic structure diagram of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring in Comparative Example 2 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is the metallographic structure diagram of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring in Comparative Example 3 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is the metallographic structure diagram of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring in Comparative Example 3 of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0025] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] The preparation method of the high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring described in this embodiment, wherein the aluminum-lithium alloy ring is a 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy ring, and the preparation method includes the following steps: Billet opening: Heat the ingot in a heating furnace to 480 °C and hold for 12 h. After holding, perform multi-directional upsetting and drawing to open the billet. The number of upsetting and drawing operations is 4 times. After upsetting and drawing, punch the billet to obtain a ring-shaped billet; Ring rolling: Heat the above ring-shaped billet to 430 °C and hold for 8 h. After holding, transfer the ring-shaped billet to a ring rolling mill for ring rolling; during ring rolling, the linear speed of the driving roll of the ring rolling mill is 1 m / s, and the diameter growth rate of the ring-shaped billet is 3 mm / s; Primary cold deformation: Transfer the ring-shaped billet after ring rolling to a bulging machine for primary cold deformation treatment to make the bulging amount of the ring-shaped billet 6%; Solution treatment: Heat the ring-shaped billet after primary cold deformation treatment to 520 °C and hold for 3 h. After holding, perform quenching with room temperature water; Secondary cold deformation: Transfer the ring-shaped billet after solution treatment to a bulging machine for secondary cold deformation treatment to make the bulging amount of the billet 3%; Aging: Perform aging treatment on the ring-shaped billet after secondary cold deformation treatment. The aging temperature is 150 °C and the aging time is 28 h, and that's it.

[0028] The metallographic structure diagram of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring processed in this embodiment is as Figure 1 shown.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] The preparation method of the high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring in this embodiment, wherein the aluminum-lithium alloy ring is a 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy ring, and the preparation method includes the following steps: Billet opening: Heat the ingot in a heating furnace to 470 °C and hold for 12 h. After holding, perform multi-directional upsetting and drawing to open the billet. The number of upsetting and drawing operations is 5 times. After upsetting and drawing, punch the billet to obtain a ring-shaped billet; Ring rolling: Heat the above ring-shaped billet to 420 °C and hold for 8 h. After holding, transfer the ring-shaped billet to a ring rolling mill for ring rolling; during ring rolling, the linear speed of the driving roll of the ring rolling mill is 1.2 m / s, and the diameter growth rate of the ring-shaped billet is 4 mm / s; Primary cold deformation: Transfer the ring-shaped billet after ring rolling to a bulging machine for primary cold deformation treatment to make the bulging amount of the ring-shaped billet 7%; Solution treatment: Heat the ring-shaped billet after primary cold deformation treatment to 525 °C and hold for 3 h. After holding, perform quenching with room temperature water; Secondary cold deformation: Transfer the ring-shaped billet after solution treatment to a bulging machine for secondary cold deformation treatment to make the bulging amount of the billet 2%; Aging: Perform aging treatment on the ring-shaped billet after secondary cold deformation treatment. The aging temperature is 150 °C and the aging time is 28 h, and that's it.

[0031] The metallographic structure diagram of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring processed in this embodiment is as Figure 2 shown.

[0032] Control Example 1 The preparation method of the high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring in this control example, wherein the aluminum-lithium alloy ring is a 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy ring, and the preparation method includes the following steps: Billet opening: Heat the ingot in a heating furnace to 450 °C and keep it warm for 12 h. After the heat preservation is completed, perform multi-directional upsetting and drawing to open the billet. The number of upsetting and drawing times is 4 times. After the upsetting and drawing are completed, punch the billet to obtain a ring-shaped billet; Ring rolling: Heat the above-mentioned ring-shaped billet to 450 °C and keep it warm for 8 h. After the heat preservation is completed, transfer the ring-shaped billet into a ring rolling mill for ring rolling treatment; during ring rolling, the linear speed of the driving roller of the ring rolling mill is 1 m / s, and the diameter growth rate of the ring-shaped billet is 3 mm / s; Solution treatment: Heat the ring-shaped billet to 510 °C and keep it warm for 3 h. After the heat preservation is completed, perform quenching with room temperature water; Cold deformation: Transfer the ring-shaped billet after solution treatment into a bulging machine for cold deformation treatment to make the bulging amount of the billet 3%; Aging: Perform aging treatment on the ring-shaped billet after the secondary cold deformation treatment. The aging temperature is 150 °C and the aging time is 28 h, and that's it.

[0033] The metallographic structure diagram of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring processed in this control example is as Figure 3 shown.

[0034] Control Example 2 The preparation method of the high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring in this control example, wherein the aluminum-lithium alloy ring is a 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy ring, and it adopts over-high-temperature ring rolling. The preparation method includes the following steps: Billet opening: Heat the ingot in a heating furnace to 480 °C and keep it warm for 12 h. After the heat preservation is completed, perform multi-directional upsetting and drawing to open the billet. The number of upsetting and drawing times is 4 times. After the upsetting and drawing are completed, punch the billet to obtain a ring-shaped billet; Ring rolling: Heat the above-mentioned ring-shaped billet to 460 °C and keep it warm for 8 h. After the heat preservation is completed, transfer the ring-shaped billet into a ring rolling mill for ring rolling treatment; during ring rolling, the linear speed of the driving roller of the ring rolling mill is 1 m / s, and the diameter growth rate of the ring-shaped billet is 3 mm / s; Primary cold deformation: Transfer the ring-shaped billet after ring rolling treatment into a bulging machine for primary cold deformation treatment to make the bulging amount of the ring-shaped billet 6%; Solution treatment: Heat the ring-shaped billet after the primary cold deformation treatment to 520 °C and keep it warm for 3 h. After the heat preservation is completed, perform quenching with room temperature water; Secondary cold deformation: Transfer the ring-shaped billet after solution treatment into a bulging machine for secondary cold deformation treatment to make the bulging amount of the billet 3%; Aging: The ring blank that has undergone secondary cold deformation treatment is subjected to aging treatment. The aging temperature is 150°C and the aging time is 28 h, and that's all.

[0035] The metallographic structure diagram of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring processed in this comparative example is as Figure 4 shown.

[0036] Comparative Example 3 For the method for preparing a high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring described in this comparative example, the aluminum-lithium alloy ring is a 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy ring, and low-temperature solution treatment is adopted for solution treatment. The preparation method includes the following steps: Billet opening: The ingot is heated to 480°C in a heating furnace and held for 12 h. After the holding is completed, multi-directional upsetting and drawing are carried out for billet opening. The number of upsetting and drawing times is 4 times. After the upsetting and drawing are completed, the billet is punched to obtain a ring blank; Ring rolling: The above-mentioned ring blank is heated to 460°C and held for 8 h. After the holding is completed, the ring blank is transferred to a ring rolling mill for ring rolling treatment; during ring rolling, the linear speed of the driving roller of the ring rolling mill is 1 m / s, and the diameter growth rate of the ring blank is 3 mm / s; Primary cold deformation: The ring blank after ring rolling treatment is transferred to a bulging machine for primary cold deformation treatment, so that the bulging amount of the ring blank is 6%; Solution treatment: The ring blank after primary cold deformation treatment is heated to 510°C and held for 3 h. After the holding is completed, room-temperature water quenching is adopted; Secondary cold deformation: The ring blank after solution treatment is transferred to a bulging machine for secondary cold deformation treatment, so that the bulging amount of the blank is 3%; Aging: The ring blank that has undergone secondary cold deformation treatment is subjected to aging treatment. The aging temperature is 150°C and the aging time is 28 h, and that's all.

[0037] The metallographic structure diagram of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring processed in this comparative example is as Figure 5 shown.

[0038] Comparative Example 4 For the method for preparing a high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring described in this comparative example, the aluminum-lithium alloy ring is a 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy ring, and the preparation method includes the following steps: Billet opening: The ingot is heated to 480°C in a heating furnace and held for 12 h. After the holding is completed, multi-directional upsetting and drawing are carried out for billet opening. The number of upsetting and drawing times is 4 times. After the upsetting and drawing are completed, the billet is punched to obtain a ring blank; Ring rolling: The above-mentioned ring blank is heated to 430°C and held for 8 h. After the holding is completed, the ring blank is transferred to a ring rolling mill for ring rolling treatment; during ring rolling, the linear speed of the driving roller of the ring rolling mill is 1 m / s, and the diameter growth rate of the ring blank is 5 mm / s; Primary cold deformation: Transfer the ring billet after ring rolling to a bulging machine for primary cold deformation treatment to make the bulging amount of the ring billet 10%; Solution treatment: Heat the ring billet after primary cold deformation treatment to 520 °C and hold for 3 h. After the holding is completed, perform quenching with room temperature water; Secondary cold deformation: Transfer the ring billet after solution treatment to a bulging machine for secondary cold deformation treatment to make the bulging amount of the billet 3%; Aging: Perform aging treatment on the ring billet after secondary cold deformation treatment. The aging temperature is 150 °C and the aging time is 28 h, and that's all.

[0039] The metallographic structure diagram of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring processed in this embodiment is as Figure 6 shown.

[0040] Perform performance tests on the aluminum-lithium alloy rings obtained in each example and the control example. The test method is carried out in accordance with GB / T228.1. Randomly take three samples from the products obtained in each example for testing, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0041] As can be seen from Table 1, the three-way elongation and tensile strength of the aluminum-lithium alloy rings prepared by the present invention are excellent. Combining with the metallographic structure diagram, it can be seen that the present invention obtains a fully recrystallized structure with good grain uniformity. However, when the key steps or parameters are not properly controlled, the obtained products show different degrees of non-uniform grain phenomenon of partial fine grains and partial coarse grains, which in turn leads to low product performance, poor three-way strength and elongation. This shows that the process steps and parameter control in the present invention are extremely critical.

[0042] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A preparation method of an aluminum-lithium alloy ring with high uniformity, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Billet opening: Heat the ingot to 460 - 490 °C and hold for a certain time, then perform multi-directional upsetting and drawing to open the billet. After upsetting and drawing are completed, punch the billet to obtain a ring-shaped billet; Ring rolling: Heat the ring-shaped billet to 410 - 440 °C and hold for a certain time, then perform ring rolling; Primary cold deformation: Perform primary cold deformation on the ring-shaped billet after ring rolling, so that the bulging amount of the ring-shaped billet is 5 - 8%; Solution treatment: Heat the ring-shaped billet after primary cold deformation to 515 - 530 °C and hold for a certain time, then quench; Secondary cold deformation: Perform secondary cold deformation on the ring-shaped billet after solution treatment, so that the bulging amount of the billet is 2 - 4%; Aging: Perform aging treatment on the ring-shaped billet after secondary cold deformation, and that's it.

2. The preparation method of the high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the billet opening step, after heating the ingot, hold for 10 - 15 h, and the number of upsetting and drawing times is 3 - 6 times.

3. The preparation method of the high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the ring rolling step, after heating the ring-shaped billet, hold for 6 - 12 h and then perform ring rolling.

4. The preparation method of the high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the ring rolling step, the ring-shaped billet is ring rolled in a ring rolling mill. The linear speed of the driving roller of the ring rolling mill is 0.8 - 1.2 m / s, and the diameter growth speed of the ring-shaped billet is 2 - 4 mm / s.

5. The preparation method of the high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring according to claim 1, wherein, The primary cold deformation is carried out in a bulging machine.

6. The preparation method of the high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, During solution treatment, after heating the ring-shaped billet, hold for 2 - 5 h, and then quench with room temperature water.

7. The method for preparing a high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring according to claim 1, wherein The secondary cold deformation is carried out in a bulging machine.

8. The preparation method of the high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aging step, the aging temperature is 140 - 155 °C, and the aging time is 15 - 40 h.

9. The preparation method of the high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aluminum-lithium alloy ring is a 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy ring.

10. A high-uniformity aluminum-lithium alloy ring, characterized in that, The tangential tensile strength of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring is greater than 570 MPa, and the elongation is greater than 10%; the radial tensile strength of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring is greater than 540 MPa, and the elongation is greater than 7.5%; the axial tensile strength of the aluminum-lithium alloy ring is greater than 540 MPa, and the elongation is greater than 7.0%.

Images