Ship thin plate electro-gas welding device and ship thin plate electro-gas welding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship thin plate electro-gas welding device and a ship thin plate electro-gas welding method.The ship thin plate electro-gas welding device comprises a moving trolley, a first magnetic body, a guiding mechanism, a swinging mechanism, a welding gun and a cooling mechanism; the moving trolley can move along the extending path of the welding groove, the first magnetic body is arranged on the moving trolley so that the moving trolley can be attracted to a to-be-welded plate, and the guide mechanism is installed on the moving trolley. The guide mechanism comprises a guide wheel arranged on a welding groove in a rolling mode, the swing mechanism is installed on the moving trolley, and the cooling mechanism is used for cooling a welded seam; the welding gun is installed on the moving trolley through the swing mechanism so that the welding gun can swing in a reciprocating mode along the extending path of the welding groove, the cooling mechanism is installed on the moving trolley, and the cooling mechanism, the welding gun and the guide wheel are sequentially arranged in the moving direction of the moving trolley. The electro-gas welding device for the ship thin plate can improve the electro-gas welding efficiency and quality of the ship thin plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of shipbuilding technology, and in particular to a gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates and a gas-electric vertical welding method for ship thin plates. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of luxury ro-ro ships and PCTC ships, the vertical seams of the outer plates are the main components of the hull welding. The vertical seams of the outer plates refer to the gas-electric vertical welding of two vertically arranged thin plates.

[0003] Currently, some ships have more than a dozen decks. Most of the outer plates of their hulls are thin plates with a thickness of 7 mm to 10 mm. There are a large number of vertical butt welds in the general assembly and erection stage. The welding quality is easily affected by the vertical butt joint at the welding position and the welder's skill level, and welding defects such as curling, slag inclusion, and lack of fusion are likely to occur. It is very difficult to ensure the welding quality and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates and a gas-electric vertical welding method for ship thin plates, which can improve the efficiency and quality of gas-electric vertical welding of ship thin plates.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, a gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates is provided, including:

[0007] A mobile vehicle that can move along the extension path of the welding groove;

[0008] A first magnetic body provided on the mobile vehicle to enable the mobile vehicle to adsorb to the plate to be welded;

[0009] A guiding mechanism installed on the mobile vehicle; the guiding mechanism includes guiding wheels for rolling on the welding groove;

[0010] A swinging mechanism installed on the mobile vehicle;

[0011] A welding torch;

[0012] And

[0013] A cooling mechanism for cooling the welded seam after welding;

[0014] The welding torch is installed on the mobile vehicle through the swinging mechanism so that the welding torch reciprocally swings along the extension path of the welding groove. The cooling mechanism is installed on the mobile vehicle, and the cooling mechanism, the welding torch, and the guiding wheels are arranged in sequence along the moving direction of the mobile vehicle.

[0015] Optionally, the swing mechanism includes a base and a first driver; the base is disposed on the mobile vehicle, the welding torch is rotatably mounted on the base, and the first driver is disposed on the base and its output end is in transmission connection with the welding torch to cause the welding torch to reciprocally swing along the extending path of the welding groove.

[0016] Optionally, the gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates further includes a height adjustment mechanism; the height adjustment mechanism is mounted on the mobile vehicle, and the swing mechanism is mounted on the height adjustment mechanism.

[0017] Optionally, the guiding mechanism further includes an elastic member and a wheel frame; the guiding wheel is rotatably mounted on the wheel frame, the wheel frame is connected to the mobile vehicle through the elastic member, and the elastic member applies an elastic force to cause the edge of the guiding wheel to be caught in the welding groove.

[0018] Optionally, the diameter of the guiding wheel first increases and then decreases along the axial direction of itself.

[0019] Optionally, the gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates further includes a splash-proof baffle; the splash-proof baffle is disposed on the mobile vehicle.

[0020] Optionally, the cooling mechanism includes a water-cooling block and a water-cooling adjustment component for adjusting the position of the water-cooling block; the water-cooling adjustment component is mounted on the mobile vehicle, and the water-cooling block is mounted on the water-cooling adjustment component.

[0021] Optionally, the mobile vehicle includes a vehicle frame, a second driver and traveling wheels both mounted on the vehicle frame; the second driver is in transmission connection with the traveling wheels, and the first magnetic body, the guiding mechanism, the swing mechanism and the cooling mechanism are all mounted on the vehicle frame.

[0022] Optionally, the gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates further includes an operation box having a control module and a second magnetic body disposed on the operation box; the mobile vehicle, the guiding mechanism, the swing mechanism, the cooling mechanism and the welding torch are all electrically connected to the control module, and the operation box is adsorbed on the plate to be welded through the second magnetic body.

[0023] On the other hand, a gas-electric vertical welding method for ship thin plates is provided. Based on the above gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates, the gas-electric vertical welding method for ship thin plates includes the following steps:

[0024] S10: Arrange two plates to be welded side by side vertically, and form a V-shaped welding groove extending from bottom to top between the two plates to be welded, and arrange a ceramic backing on the root of the V-shaped welding groove and abut it against the two plates to be welded;

[0025] S20: Place the mobile vehicle on the face of the V-shaped welding groove and adsorb it to the plate to be welded through the first magnetic body. Start the mobile vehicle so that the mobile vehicle moves along the extension path of the welding groove under the guidance of the guide wheels;

[0026] S30: Set the distance of the welding wire of the welding torch, the distance of the front-back swing of the welding torch, the residence time of the welding torch, the welding parameters at the root of the V-shaped welding groove, and the welding parameters at the face of the V-shaped welding groove;

[0027] S40: Start the welding torch, the swing mechanism, and the cooling mechanism so that the welding torch reciprocally swings between the root of the V-shaped welding groove and the face of the V-shaped welding groove under the action of the swing mechanism;

[0028] S50: During the welding process, change the current and voltage of the welding torch at the root and the face of the V-shaped welding groove so that the current of the welding torch at the root of the V-shaped welding groove is greater than the current of the welding torch at the face of the V-shaped welding groove, and the voltage of the welding torch at the root of the V-shaped welding groove is less than the voltage of the welding torch at the face of the V-shaped welding groove.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The mobile vehicle of the gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates is adsorbed on the thin plate through the first magnetic body. Under the guiding action of the guide wheels of the mobile vehicle, the welding torch can be driven to move along the welding groove, thus realizing the automatic welding of gas-electric vertical welding, avoiding the influence of the welding quality on the vertical butt joint of the welding position and the skill level of the welder, and improving the efficiency and quality of the gas-electric vertical welding of ship thin plates.

[0030] The gas-electric vertical welding method for ship thin plates adopts the above-mentioned gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates, avoiding the influence of the welding quality on the vertical butt joint of the welding position and the skill level of the welder. At the same time, during the welding process, the welding torch reciprocally swings between the root of the V-shaped welding groove and the face of the V-shaped welding groove under the action of the swing mechanism. By changing the current and voltage of the welding torch at the root and the face of the V-shaped welding groove, a uniform and fine structure can be obtained and the heat input before and after the cross-section of the weld can be made similar, reducing the angular deformation generated by welding, improving the operation quality, and improving the operation efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a side view of the gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a top view of the gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates;

[0034] Figure 3 For Figure 2Cross-sectional view in the A-A direction;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a water-cooling block;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a side view of the water-cooling block;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a contact tip;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a working schematic diagram of a gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation among a welding torch, a water-cooling block, and a thin plate;

[0040] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the swing of the welding torch;

[0041] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of a V-shaped welding groove;

[0042] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the water-cooling block and the thin plate;

[0043] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the welding effect.

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the drawings: In the figures:

[0045] 11. Mobile vehicle; 12. First magnetic body; 13. Guide mechanism; 14. Swing mechanism; 15. Welding torch; 16. Cooling mechanism; 17. Height adjustment mechanism; 18. Anti-spatter baffle; 20. Electro-mechanical control panel; 21. First fixed seat; 22. Second fixed seat; 23. Contact tip; 24. Ceramic backing; 25. Welding wire; 50. Thin plate; 51. Welding groove; 52. Molten pool; 53. Weld seam;

[0046] 111. Frame; 112. Second driver; 113. Traveling wheel; 114. Reducer; 115. Second wheel shaft; 116. First locking ring; 117. Second locking ring;

[0047] 131. Elastic member; 132. Wheel frame; 133. First wheel shaft; 134. Swing rod; 135. Connecting shaft; 136. Connecting plate; 137. Adjusting screw rod; 138. Guide wheel;

[0048] 161. Water-cooling block; 162. Water-cooling adjustment assembly; 163. Inlet pipe; 164. Liquid inlet pipe; 165. Liquid outlet pipe; 166. Accommodating groove; 167. Contact surface; 168. Air outlet groove;

[0049] 511. Face; 512. Root. Detailed implementation mode

[0050] To make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted, and the achieved technical effects clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "connected", "fixed", "connected", "communicated", "abutted", "clamped", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0052] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features between them. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "on" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "under" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0053] In the description herein, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships such as "above", "below", "left", "right", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplifying operations, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meanings.

[0054] In the description of this specification, the description referring to terms such as "an embodiment", "example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0055] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only includes an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0056] Unless otherwise specified or defined, the term "and / or" used in the present invention includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0057] For the convenience of description, unless otherwise stated, the up-down direction and the front-back direction mentioned below are both Figure 7 consistent with the up-down direction of itself.

[0058] The electro-gas vertical welding device for ship thin plates in this embodiment can be applied to the electro-gas vertical welding of ship thin plates. The electro-gas vertical welding device for thin plates can move along the welding groove from bottom to top to realize the welding between two thin plates. The electro-gas vertical welding device for ship thin plates can significantly improve the efficiency and quality of electro-gas vertical welding of ship thin plates.

[0059] As Figures 1 to 12 shown, this embodiment provides an electro-gas vertical welding device for a ship thin plate 50, including a moving vehicle 11, a first magnetic body 12, a guiding mechanism 13, a swinging mechanism 14, a welding torch 15, and a cooling mechanism 16. The first magnetic body 12 is a permanent magnet. The welding torch 15 is an existing component, and a conducting nozzle 23 is equipped on the welding torch 15, and a welding wire 25 is sent out from the conducting nozzle 23.

[0060] The moving vehicle 11 can move along the extension path of the welding groove 51. In this application, the welding groove 51 extends from bottom to top, and the moving vehicle 11 moves from bottom to top.

[0061] The first magnetic body 12 is provided on the mobile vehicle 11 so that the mobile vehicle 11 can be adsorbed on the plate to be welded. Since the thin plate 50 is vertically arranged and the welding groove 51 extends from bottom to top, the first magnetic body 12 enables the mobile vehicle 11 to be adsorbed on two thin plates 50 to be welded, preventing the mobile vehicle 11 from falling due to gravity. The guiding mechanism 13 is installed on the mobile vehicle 11. The guiding mechanism 13 includes guiding wheels 138 that are used to roll on the welding groove 51. When the mobile vehicle 11 starts, under the action of the guiding wheels 138, the mobile vehicle 11 can move along the extension path of the welding groove 51. The swinging mechanism 14 is installed on the mobile vehicle 11, and the output end of the swinging mechanism 14 can swing back and forth relative to the mobile vehicle 11 along the moving direction of the mobile vehicle 11. The welding torch 15 is installed on the mobile vehicle 11 through the swinging mechanism 14 so that the welding torch 15 swings reciprocally along the extension path of the welding groove 51. Compared with manually holding the welding torch 15 to weld from bottom to top, driving the welding torch 15 to weld from bottom to top by the mobile vehicle 11 and the guiding wheels 138 not only reduces the labor intensity of welding but also avoids the influence of the welding position of vertical butt joints and the welder's skill level on the welding quality. The cooling mechanism 16 is installed on the mobile vehicle 11, and the cooling mechanism 16, the welding torch 15, and the guiding wheels 138 are arranged in sequence along the moving direction of the mobile vehicle 11. The cooling mechanism 16 is used to cool the welded seam 53. After welding, the welding wire 25 forms a high-temperature welded seam 53 in the welding groove 51, and the rapid cooling of the welded seam 53 is achieved through the cooling mechanism 16, improving the performance after welding.

[0062] In the prior art, since the vertical butt welds 53 of the ship thin plate 50 require multi-layer and multi-pass welding, the workload is large and the efficiency is low. Moreover, the tendency of angular deformation during welding is relatively large, and it is necessary to add a post-welding thermal processing process after welding to eliminate the deformation, reducing the welding efficiency. In this application, the welding torch 15 is swing-mounted through the swinging mechanism 14, enabling the welding torch 15 to swing between the root 512 and the face 511 of the welding groove 51. The root 512 of the welding groove 51 refers to the end close to the ceramic backing 24 inside the welding groove 51, and the face 511 of the welding groove 51 refers to the end close to the mobile vehicle 11 and the welding torch 15 inside the welding groove 51. The width of the root 512 of the welding groove 51 is smaller than the width of the face 511 of the welding groove 51. By changing the voltage and current of the welding torch 15 at the root 512 and the face 511 of the welding groove 51, the welded seam 53 can obtain a uniform and fine structure and achieve similar heat input before and after the cross-section of the welded seam 53, reducing the angular deformation generated by welding, improving the operation quality, and increasing the operation efficiency.

[0063] In one embodiment, the swing mechanism 14 includes a base and a first driver. The base is directly or indirectly provided on the mobile vehicle 11. The welding torch 15 is rotatably mounted on the base. The first driver is provided on the base and its output end is in transmission connection with the welding torch 15 to make the welding torch 15 swing reciprocally along the extension path of the welding groove 51. Exemplarily, the first driver can be a driving member such as a motor or a cylinder. The upper end of the welding torch 15 is rotatably mounted on the base through a rotating shaft. The output end of the first driver is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft or the upper end of the welding torch 15. By the rotation or pushing of the output end of the first driver, the welding torch 15 rotates. The output end of the first driver reciprocates, causing the lower end of the welding torch 15 to swing reciprocally. A contact tip 23 is provided at the lower end of the welding torch 15. The welding wire 25 extends out from the contact tip 23 and then forms a molten pool 52 within the welding groove 51 under the action of the welding torch 15. Finally, the molten pool 52 forms a weld seam 53. When the welding torch 15 swings, the contact tip 23 can swing along the depth direction of the welding groove 51, enabling the contact tip 23 to swing back and forth between the face 511 and the root 512 of the welding groove 51.

[0064] Furthermore, the electro-gas vertical welding device for ship thin plates 50 further includes a height adjustment mechanism 17. The height adjustment mechanism 17 is installed on the mobile vehicle 11, and the swing mechanism 14 is installed on the height adjustment mechanism 17. Exemplarily, the height adjustment mechanism 17 includes a support rod, a clamping seat, and an adjustment bolt installed on the clamping seat. The base and the first driver are installed on the clamping seat. The clamping seat is provided with a clamping groove. By rotating the adjustment bolt, the width of the clamping groove can be adjusted. The support rod is installed in the clamping groove, and then the height of the welding torch 15 is adjusted by sliding the clamping seat up and down. Finally, the adjustment bolt is tightened to lock the clamping seat. The up and down sliding of the clamping seat drives the base, the first driver, and the welding torch 15 to slide up and down. Through the height adjustment mechanism 17, the installation height of the welding torch 15 can be adjusted according to parameters such as welding requirements and the depth of the welding groove 51.

[0065] Reference Figures 1 to 3 , in one embodiment, the guiding mechanism 13 further includes an elastic member 131 and a wheel frame 132. The guiding wheel 138 is rotatably mounted on the wheel frame 132. The wheel frame 132 is connected to the mobile vehicle 11 through the elastic member 131. The elastic member 131 applies an elastic force to make the edge of the guiding wheel 138 snap into the welding groove 51. By the elastic force applied by the elastic member 131, the guiding wheel 138 can be kept snapped into the welding groove 51.

[0066] Furthermore, the mobile vehicle 11 is provided with a first fixing seat 21, a second fixing seat 22, a first locking ring 116, a second locking ring 117, and a second wheel shaft 115. The first fixing seat 21 and the second fixing seat 22 are arranged at intervals. A connecting plate 136 is installed on the first fixing seat 21 through bolts. An adjusting threaded rod 137 is installed on the second fixing seat 22. The first locking ring 116 and the second locking ring 117 are threadedly connected by two bolts and sleeved on the second wheel shaft 115 together, making the installation of the second wheel shaft 115 more stable.

[0067] The wheel carrier 132 includes a swing rod 134 and a connecting shaft 135. One end of the swing rod 134 is rotatably installed with a guide wheel 138, the other end of the swing rod 134 is connected to the connecting shaft 135, and the second wheel shaft 115 is located between the guide wheel 138 and the connecting shaft 135 and is rotatably connected to the swing rod 134, so that the swing rod 134 can rotate around the second wheel shaft 115. One end of the elastic member 131 is connected to the connecting plate 136, the other end of the elastic member 131 is connected to the connecting shaft 135, and the connecting shaft 135 is located on the moving path of the adjusting threaded rod 137. By rotating the adjusting threaded rod 137, the connecting shaft 135 can be pushed to rotate, so that the guide wheel 138 swings around the second wheel shaft 115. At this time, the deformation of the elastic member 131 changes, so as to realize the adjustment of the force for the guide wheel 138 to be stuck into the welding groove 51. Specifically, in order to save installation space and make the transmission of elastic force more efficient, the included angle between the adjusting threaded rod 137 and the swing rod 134 is 100 degrees to 150 degrees, the elastic member 131 is arranged between the adjusting threaded rod 137 and the swing rod 134, and the included angle between the elastic member 131 and the adjusting threaded rod 137 is equal to the included angle between the elastic member 131 and the swing rod 134.

[0068] Optionally, the diameter of the guide wheel 138 first increases and then decreases along its own axis direction. The outer circumferential surface of the guide wheel 138 projects in a conical shape along its own radial direction. This makes it easier for the guide wheel 138 to be stuck into the welding groove 51. The guide wheel 138 rolls along the welding groove 51. According to the width of the welding groove 51, by adjusting the adjusting threaded rod 137 up and down to apply pressure to the elastic member 131, the pressure of the elastic member 131 is adjusted to be 5 kgf to 8 kgf.

[0069] In one embodiment, the gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates 50 further includes a splash-proof baffle 18. The splash-proof baffle 18 is arranged on the mobile vehicle 11. Specifically, the splash-proof baffle 18 is arranged on the second fixing seat 22 through bolts. The splash-proof baffle 18 is located between the guiding mechanism 13 and the welding torch 15, which not only prevents the splash generated during welding from damaging the guiding mechanism 13, but also blocks some splashes from flying into the welding groove 51 to be welded.

[0070] Reference Figures 2 to 6, Optionally, the cooling mechanism 16 includes a water-cooling block 161 and a water-cooling adjustment assembly 162 for adjusting the position of the water-cooling block 161. The water-cooling adjustment assembly 162 is installed on the mobile vehicle 11, and the water-cooling block 161 is installed on the water-cooling adjustment assembly 162. The water-cooling adjustment assembly 162 can adjust the position of the water-cooling block 161, so that the water-cooling block 161 can slide relative to the mobile vehicle 11 in the up-and-down, left-and-right, and front-and-back directions, enabling the water-cooling block 161 to adjust its position according to welding requirements, achieving a better cooling effect on the weld 53 and improving the welding quality. Exemplarily, there are three bolts on the mobile vehicle 11 with mutually perpendicular moving directions. By rotating the bolts, the water-cooling block 161 can slide relative to the mobile vehicle 11 in the up-and-down, left-and-right, and front-and-back directions to achieve position adjustment.

[0071] , Optionally, the water-cooling block 161 is provided with an air inlet channel and a liquid cooling channel. The water-cooling block 161 is connected with an air inlet pipe 163, a liquid inlet pipe 164, and a liquid outlet pipe 165. The air inlet pipe 163 is communicated with the air inlet channel, and both the liquid inlet pipe 164 and the liquid outlet pipe 165 are communicated with the liquid cooling channel to realize the reflux of the coolant and complete the cooling after welding. Carbon dioxide gas can be introduced into the air inlet pipe 163 to achieve carbon dioxide backing welding.

[0072] Furthermore, the water-cooling block 161 has a fitting surface for facing the thin plate 50 and the welding groove 51. A receiving groove 166 is provided on the fitting surface. The receiving groove 166 has an arc-shaped abutting surface 167, and an air outlet groove 168 is formed on the abutting surface 167. The air outlet groove 168 is communicated with the air inlet channel to realize the delivery of carbon dioxide during welding. During welding, the fitting surface is close to the thin plate 50 and the welding groove 51, the receiving groove 166 is opposite to the welding groove 51, and a part of the weld 53 formed by welding is located in the receiving groove 166 and abuts against the abutting surface 167, thereby forming an arc-shaped weld 53 protruding from the thin plate 50. While the water-cooling block 161 and the ceramic backing 24 block the molten metal, they can also quickly reduce the temperature of the molten metal, enabling forced primary forming in the weld 53 and obtaining a uniform and fine microstructure, and reducing angular distortion.

[0073] , Optionally, the length B of the receiving groove 166 along the width direction of the welding groove 51 is 16 mm, that is, the arc width of the abutting surface 167 is 16 mm. The depth C of the air outlet groove 168 along the direction away from the welding groove 51 is 1.5 mm.

[0074] Reference Figures 6 to 12 , a conducting nozzle 23 is provided on the welding torch 15. The protruding length G of the welding wire 25 from the conducting nozzle 23 is 25 mm to 30 mm. The yaw angle H of the welding torch 15 is 4 degrees to 5 degrees, and the swing distance I of the welding torch 15 is 3 mm to 5 mm. By swinging the welding torch 15 back and forth, the root 512 and the face 511 can obtain an ideal microstructure and linear energy with smaller welding parameters.

[0075] When the water cooling block 161 is jetting, the distance J between the gas outlet and the molten pool 52 is 3 mm to 5 mm. The angle K of the V-shaped welding groove 51 is 24 degrees, and the width L of the root 512 of the V-shaped welding groove 51 is 4 mm to 8 mm. The thickness M of the thin plate 50 is 7 mm to 10 mm.

[0076] In order to cooperate with the swing of the welding gun 15, the conductive tip 23 is conical. The width D of the conductive tip 23 connected to the welding gun 15 is 6 mm and is provided with an external thread column with a diameter of 6 mm. The length E of the conductive tip 23 is 45, and the width N of the conductive tip 23 away from the welding gun 15 is 3.5 mm.

[0077] refer to Figures 1 to 3 Further, the mobile vehicle 11 includes a frame 111, a second driver 112 and a running wheel 113, all of which are mounted on the frame 111. The main frame of the frame 111 is made of aluminum alloy material to reduce the weight of the main vehicle. There are multiple running wheels 113, all of which can be mounted on the frame 111 through the second wheel axle 115, or some of the running wheels 113 can be mounted on the frame 111 through the second wheel axle 115, and some of the running wheels 113 can be mounted on the frame 111 through the first wheel axle 133, thereby reducing the number of the second wheel axles 115. The second driver 112 is connected to the running wheel 113 by transmission, and the first magnetic body 12, the guide mechanism 13, the swing mechanism 14, and the cooling mechanism 16 are all mounted on the frame 111. The second driver 112 is a motor, and the second driver 112 is connected to the second wheel axle 115 and / or the second wheel axle 115 by transmission through the reducer 114. The running wheel 113 uses a silicone wheel, and the worm motor is connected through a gearbox to drive the four running wheels 113 to travel. The first magnet is a permanent magnet and is installed on both sides of the main frame of the vehicle frame 111. There is a permanent magnet on each side of the vehicle frame 111, and the height between the permanent magnet and the thin plate 50 can be adjusted so that the distance between the permanent magnet and the steel plate is 2mm to 4mm. Then the bolts are tightened to fix the permanent magnet to ensure the adsorption force of the mobile vehicle 11. The cooperation between the mobile vehicle 11 and the guide wheel 138 can reduce the time of manual track laying.

[0078] In one embodiment, the electro-gas vertical welding device for thin plates of a ship further includes an operation box with a control module and a second magnetic body disposed on the operation box. The operation box is a parameter operation panel for running electro-gas vertical welding. The control module is a circuit board and controllers such as a single-chip microcomputer integrated on the circuit board. A plurality of control buttons electrically connected to the control module are provided on the operation box. The mobile cart 11, the guiding mechanism 13, the swinging mechanism 14, the cooling mechanism 16, and the welding torch 15 are all electrically connected to the control module. The operation box is adsorbed to the plate to be welded through the second magnetic body. The operation box is separately arranged on the thin plate 50, so that the operation box can be dragged to move together when the mobile cart 11 moves. Specifically, an electromechanical control panel 20 is provided on the vehicle frame 111, and the control module is electrically connected to the second driver 112 of the mobile cart 11, the guiding mechanism 13, the swinging mechanism 14, the cooling mechanism 16, the welding torch 15, etc. through the electromechanical control panel 20. The welding parameters can be adjusted through the operation box, so that the currents and voltages of the face 511 and the root 512 of the welding groove 51 can be adjusted separately. The display of the operation box uses digital display control to improve the accuracy and enhance the accuracy and agility of control. The operation box can also preset parameters such as the forward and backward swinging width and the residence time of the welding torch 15.

[0079] Furthermore, the electro-gas vertical welding device for thin plates of a ship further includes a wire control box installed beside the wire feeder. The wire control box is internally provided with a current sensor. The power cable of the welding torch 15 passes through the current sensor, and the current is displayed on the FDN, which is used to automatically maintain the extension length of the wire 25 during welding.

[0080] Reference Figures 7 to 12 , this embodiment also provides a welding method for electro-gas vertical welding of thin plates of a ship. Based on the electro-gas vertical welding device for thin plates of a ship in any of the above embodiments, the electro-gas vertical welding device for thin plates of a ship developed in the above embodiments of the present application is a permanent magnet trackless welding trolley device for electro-gas vertical welding of thin plates. The electro-gas vertical welding device for thin plates of a ship uses the welding groove 51 as a guide rail. The device adopts special EGW welding equipment hardware. The welding torch 15 has a forward and backward swinging function. The operation box controls the swinging of the welding torch 15 relative to the root 512 and the face 511 of the welding groove 51 and adjusts the welding current and voltage. When welding, the electro-gas vertical welding device for thin plates of a ship optimizes the angle of the welding groove 51 formed by the assembly of the thin plate 50, and formulates the wire 25 distance, the forward and backward swinging width of the welding torch 15, the residence time of the welding torch 15, and different welding parameters of the welding torch 15 at the root 512 and the face 511 for electro-gas vertical welding of thin plates. By adopting different welding currents and voltages acting on the same molten pool 52 for the single-sided welding and double-sided one-time forming electro-gas vertical welding technology of thin plates 50, the heat input before and after the cross-section of the weld 53 is made similar to reduce the angular deformation generated during welding, improve the operation quality, and improve the operation efficiency.

[0081] Specifically, the welding method for electro-gas vertical welding of thin plates of a ship includes the following steps:

[0082] S10: vertically arrange two plates to be welded side by side, and form a V-shaped welding groove 51 extending from bottom to top between the two plates to be welded, and arrange the ceramic liner 24 at the root 512 of the V-shaped welding groove 51 and abut against the two plates to be welded.

[0083] Before welding, a chamfer is processed on the side of the thin plate 50 so that two adjacent thin plates 50 form a V-shaped welding groove 51, and the groove angle of the V-shaped welding groove 51 is 24 degrees.

[0084] The ceramic liner 24 is arranged on the back of the thin plate 50, and the ceramic liner 24 is close to the root 512 of the V-shaped welding groove 51. The n-shaped fixing brackets and the support rack are installed on the back of the thin plate 50. There are multiple fixing brackets and the support racks, which are arranged at intervals along the extension path of the V-shaped welding groove 51, with a spacing of 250mm to 300mm. The burrs, flaws, metal splashes, water, rust, oil stains, etc. are removed with a grinding wheel within 50mm on both sides of the edge of the V-shaped welding groove 51 to ensure smooth sliding of the cooling block and close contact between the back of the thin plate 50 and the ceramic liner 24.

[0085] The ceramic liner 24 is in a square shape and is provided with an arc-shaped groove. The width of the ceramic liner 24 is 40 mm, the thickness of the ceramic liner 24 is 10 mm, the width of the arc-shaped groove of the ceramic liner 24 is 12 mm, the arc depth R of the arc-shaped groove is 1.5 mm, and the outer bottom of the ceramic groove is surrounded and fixed with a 1 mm iron sheet. The sulfur of the ceramic liner 24 is less than 0.05%, the phosphorus is less than 0.1%, the volume density is ≥1.75 g / cm3, and the refractoriness of the ceramic liner 24 is 1300°C.

[0086] S20: The mobile vehicle 11 is set on the surface 511 of the V-shaped welding groove 51 and is adsorbed to the plate to be welded by the first magnetic body 12. The mobile vehicle 11 is started so that the mobile vehicle 11 moves along the extension path of the welding groove 51 under the guidance of the guide wheel 138.

[0087] In this process, the moving vehicle 11 is arranged on the front side of the thin plate 50 and close to the face 511 of the V-shaped welding groove 51. When the moving vehicle 11 is installed, the pressure of the guide mechanism 13 is adjusted according to the width of the welding groove 51, so that the guide wheel 138 can move along the V-shaped welding groove 51. The pressure of the guide mechanism 13 cannot be too large, otherwise it will affect the adsorption force of the vehicle, and the guide mechanism 13 cannot be too small, otherwise the guide wheel 138 will easily fall off the V-shaped welding groove 51.

[0088] S30: Set the distance of the welding wire 25 of the welding gun 15, the distance of the forward and backward swing of the welding gun 15, the dwell time of the welding gun 15, the welding parameters of the root 512 of the V-shaped welding groove 51, and the welding parameters of the face 511 of the V-shaped welding groove 51.

[0089] The welding wire 25 uses a flux-cored welding wire 25 of grade 3Y, with a brand specification of SC-EG2 Cored, Φ1.6mm. The composition of the flux-cored welding wire 25 meets the following requirements: carbon ≤ 0.12%, sulfur < 0.03%, phosphorus < 0.03%, silicon ≤ 0.6%, manganese ≤ 2.1%, copper ≤ 0.35%, nickel ≤ 2.0%, molybdenum ≤ 0.35%, vanadium ≤ 0.05%. The purity of the CO₂ shielding gas to be sprayed should be not less than 99.8%.

[0090] The extension length of the welding wire 25 is 25mm to 30mm. If the extension length of the welding wire 25 is too long, the resistance heat will increase, the arc will be unstable, it is easy to overheat and burn out, the spatter will be large, and the forming of the weld 53 will become poor. If the extension length of the welding wire 25 is too short, it is easy to cause spatter to stick to the contact tip 23, block the gas outlet of the shielding gas of the cooling block, resulting in poor shielding and affecting the welding quality.

[0091] The contact tip 23 is made of chromium zirconium copper, with a specification of Φ1.6*M6*45mm.

[0092] During welding, there is an R point inside the root 512 and an F point inside the face 511. The distance X between the R point and the F point is 3mm to 5mm, and the distance Y from the R point to the back of the thin plate 50 is 1mm to 2mm. At the start and stop positions of the welding torch 15, when the welding torch 15 swings back and forth but is not welding, the position of the welding torch 15 in the stopped state is at the position of the R point of the root 512 during the back-and-forth swing, and its R point is at a position with a distance of 1mm to 2mm from the back of the thin plate 50, improving the fullness of the root 512 of the weld 53 cross-section.

[0093] The electro-gas vertical welding method for the ship thin plate 50 of the present application uses the back-and-forth swing form of the welding torch 15 to melt the welding wire 25 with different arc energies at the root 512 and the face 511 of the welding groove 51, forming a weld 53 with relatively similar heat inputs at the front and back, reducing angular distortion. By swinging the welding torch 15 back and forth with relatively small welding parameters, the fullness of the front and back sides of the weld 53 can be penetrated, and the welding parameters can be reduced. The cooling block and the ceramic backing 24 can block the molten metal and at the same time quickly reduce the temperature of the molten metal, forcing it to form in one step in the weld 53 and obtaining a uniform and fine microstructure. The welding parameters of the electro-gas vertical welding method for the ship thin plate 50 are shown in the following table.

[0094]

[0095] S40: Start the welding torch 15, the swing mechanism 14, and the cooling mechanism 16, so that the welding torch 15 reciprocally swings between the root 512 and the face 511 of the V-shaped welding groove 51 under the action of the swing mechanism 14.

[0096] When presetting the welding parameters for the electro-gas vertical welding of the thin plate 50, perform parameter setting on the operation box. After the setting is completed, with the power off, first press the start key on the operation box, and then turn on the power of the operation box to enter the parameter setting. "n0" will be displayed and then the set value will appear periodically. Adjust the rotary travel speed key knob to change the values of n1, n2, n3... n29. For "Save" and "Cancel", press the "Stop" button.

[0097] n0 is the start driving delay time: An arc will be generated at the start of welding. Set the start driving time, and the time is in the range of 0.0 sec to 0.9 sec. Due to the characteristics of the welding torch 15, the time when the START current flows should be the same or slightly longer. Only after this current flows and the arc is stable can it drive normally.

[0098] n1 is the CRATER time: The time for performing CRATER welding, which is in the range of 0.0 sec to 0.9 sec. When n1 is zero, no CRATER welding is performed, and "None" is selected for the welding torch 15 CRATER.

[0099] n2 is the CRATER stop time: When CRATER welding is to be performed, this current is cut off and the time to enter CRATER, which is in the range of 0.0 sec to 0.9 sec. When the time is zero, no CRATER welding is performed, and "None" is selected for the welding torch 15 CRATER.

[0100] n3 is the maximum swing amplitude: The swing amplitude is in the range of 1 mm to 99 mm. Set the maximum swing amplitude so as not to affect normal use. The maximum swing amplitude of this application is set within 25 mm.

[0101] n4 is the center movement increment / decrement value: The increment / decrement value is in the range of 0.1 mm to 5.0 mm. Set the distance moved each time the center movement switch is operated.

[0102] n17 is the voltage and current setting: Set the current (E), voltage (C), and sensor (S) of the welding torch 15 to make the command value of the current and voltage close to the actual value. Due to the length of OUT, there will be a deviation in the current value. An arc with a STICKOUT length of about 25 mm is required to determine the reference value. Entering process: When the value of n17 is E, hold down the travel speed key to enter the voltage setting menu. When the value of n17 is C, hold down the travel speed key to enter the current setting menu. When the value of n17 is S, hold down the travel speed key to enter the sensor setting menu. Closing process: Stop the switch. At this time, pressing the "Start" button can switch to u0, u1.

[0103] When starting welding, press the "Start" button to intermittently ignite the arc with small parameters. After the molten pool 52 is established, start welding according to the welding parameter range table above, and adjust the alignment of the welding torch 15 and the pressing condition of the cooling block.

[0104] After the start-up and the establishment of the welding molten pool 52, during the normal combustion of the arc, the molten pool 52 should be maintained at a position 2 mm to 5 mm below the lower end face of the gas outlet of the cooling block.

[0105] S50: During the welding process, change the current and voltage of the welding torch 15 at the root 512 and the face 511 of the V-shaped welding groove 51, so that the current of the welding torch 15 at the root 512 of the V-shaped welding groove 51 is greater than the current of the welding torch 15 at the face 511 of the V-shaped welding groove 51, and the voltage of the welding torch 15 at the root 512 of the V-shaped welding groove 51 is less than the voltage of the welding torch 15 at the face 511 of the V-shaped welding groove 51. That is, the current is large and the voltage is small at the root of the welding torch, and the current is small and the voltage is large at the face. With different welding parameters and different residence times at the root and the face, according to the line energy formula: q = UI / v, it can be made that the heat input before and after the cross-section of the weld 53 is relatively similar, reducing the angular deformation of the welding. In the formula, I is the welding current, U is the arc voltage, v is the welding speed, and q is the line energy.

[0106] During the welding process, according to the actual welding groove 51 and the gap of the welding groove 51, observe the centering of the welding wire 25 and the heat distribution of the weld 53 at any time, correct the welding parameters and the forward and backward swing at any time, adjust the different arc molten pools 52 at the root 512 and the face 511 to the correct position through the mechanical device at any time, and at the same time, use the insulating rod to remove the spatter in the shielding gas box on the cooling block at any time.

[0107] After the welding is completed, press the "Stop" button to extinguish the arc. After the molten pool 52 solidifies, release the cooling block and remove the spatter on it, and remove the welding torch 15 from the bracket.

[0108] During the welding process, different welding currents and voltages are applied to the same molten pool 52 through the face 511 and the root 512 of the electro-gas vertical welding of the thin plate 50, so that the heat input before and after the cross-section of the weld 53 is relatively similar. The welding torch 15 adopts a swinging method of forward and backward swing. When the welding torch 15 swings forward and backward, the residence time at the R point of the root 512 is 0.6 sec, and the residence time at the F point of the face 511 is 0.4 sec, and the swinging speed is 12 mm / sec to 14 mm / sec. Through the forward and backward swing and the use of different welding currents and voltages at the root 512 and the face 511 before and after, the penetration of the front and back sides of the weld 53 is made full with smaller welding parameters, and the welding parameters can be reduced and the structure can be made uniform and fine, obtaining good mechanical properties, realizing similar heat input before and after the cross-section of the weld 53, and finally achieving the effect of reducing angular deformation.

[0109] S60. After the welding is completed, inspect the welding quality.

[0110] The inspection process is as follows:

[0111] During welding, the current and voltage at the root 512 point R are slightly larger than the current and voltage at the face 511 point F, and the welding gun 15 is slightly swung back and forth. The single-sided welding double-sided one-time forming thin plate 50 gas-electric vertical welding technology with different currents and voltages acting on the same molten pool 52 of the groove section simultaneously forms a weld 53 section with a relatively close heat input in front and back to reduce angular deformation. After welding is completed, the inspection process is as follows:

[0112] Welding inspection, examination and performance measurement were carried out with reference to the classification society's "Welding and Materials". Visual inspection showed that the front and back sides of weld 53 were well formed, no welding defects were found, and the appearance inspection was qualified. 100% UT+RT non-destructive testing was carried out 24 hours after welding, and the results were all qualified.

[0113] The effects of this application are as follows:

[0114] 1. It can save at least 45% to 65% of welding time, which not only helps to stabilize and improve welding quality, but also greatly reduces the labor intensity of welders.

[0115] 2. Compared with flux-cored welding (FCAW), it saves about 2 hours of work per meter, and the overall welding efficiency is improved by 63%. It is estimated that the welding material cost per meter of weld will increase by 25 yuan, and the labor cost will be saved by 100 yuan.

[0116] 3. The qualification rate of the closed seams increased from 80% to over 95%, and the qualified rate increased by 15%. The full thickness repair was carried out, and the qualified rate was increased, saving 44.95 yuan in repair costs per meter of weld.

[0117] 4. The trackless welding trolley device reduces the time of laying tracks by the welding trolley. A 14-meter weld reduces the time of removing tracks by 1.5 hours, and the cost of each meter of weld is saved by about 10 yuan.

[0118] 5. Automatic welding seams for thin plate gas-electric vertical welding reduce grinding. The simple grinding speed of the weld is calculated at 300mm / min, which can save 28 yuan.

[0119] 6. It is estimated that the cost can be saved by 158 yuan per meter. If a PCTC ship has 1,130 meters of welds, the cost can be saved by 178,000 yuan per ship. If calculated based on 31 ships, the cost can be saved by about 5.518 million yuan.

[0120] The technical principle of the present invention is described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the present invention and cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art can associate other specific implementations of the present invention without paying creative labor, and these methods will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates, characterized in that, include: A moving vehicle (11) is movable along an extension path of the welding groove (51); A first magnetic body (12) is arranged on the moving vehicle (11) so as to enable the moving vehicle (11) to be adsorbed on the plate to be welded; A guide mechanism (13) is installed on the mobile vehicle (11); the guide mechanism (13) includes a guide wheel (138) for rolling on the welding groove (51); A swing mechanism (14) mounted on the moving vehicle (11); Welding gun (15); as well as A cooling mechanism (16) for cooling the weld (53) after welding; The welding gun (15) is mounted on the mobile vehicle (11) via the swing mechanism (14) so that the welding gun (15) swings back and forth along the extension path of the welding groove (51); the cooling mechanism (16) is mounted on the mobile vehicle (11); the cooling mechanism (16), the welding gun (15), and the guide wheel (138) are arranged in sequence along the moving direction of the mobile vehicle (11).

2. The electro-gas vertical welding device for ship thin plates (50) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swing mechanism (14) comprises a base and a first driver; the base is arranged on the mobile vehicle (11), the welding gun (15) is rotatably mounted on the base, the first driver is arranged on the base and the output end is transmission-connected to the welding gun (15) so that the welding gun (15) swings back and forth along the extension path of the welding groove (51).

3. The electro-gas vertical welding device for thin ship plates (50) according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also comprises a height adjustment mechanism (17); the height adjustment mechanism (17) is installed on the moving vehicle (11), and the swing mechanism (14) is installed on the height adjustment mechanism (17).

4. The electro-gas vertical welding device for ship thin plates (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The guide mechanism (13) further comprises an elastic member (131) and a wheel frame (132); the guide wheel (138) is rotatably mounted on the wheel frame (132); the wheel frame (132) is connected to the moving vehicle (11) via the elastic member (131); and the elastic member (131) applies elastic force to enable the edge of the guide wheel (138) to be stuck into the welding groove (51).

5. The electro-gas vertical welding device for thin ship plates (50) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the guide wheel (138) first increases and then decreases along its own axial direction.

6. The electro-gas vertical welding device for thin ship plates (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes an anti-splash baffle (18); the anti-splash baffle (18) is arranged on the mobile vehicle (11).

7. The electro-gas vertical welding device for thin ship plates (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The cooling mechanism (16) comprises a water cooling block (161) and a water cooling adjustment component (162) for adjusting the position of the water cooling block (161); the water cooling adjustment component (162) is installed on the mobile vehicle (11), and the water cooling block (161) is installed on the water cooling adjustment component (162).

8. The electro-gas vertical welding device for ship thin plates (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The mobile vehicle (11) comprises a vehicle frame (111), a second driver (112) and a running wheel (113) both mounted on the vehicle frame (111); the second driver (112) and the running wheel (113) are transmission-connected, and the first magnetic body (12), the guide mechanism (13), the swing mechanism (14), and the cooling mechanism (16) are all mounted on the vehicle frame (111).

9. The electro-gas vertical welding device for ship thin plates (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It further includes an operation box with a control module and a second magnetic body provided on the operation box; the mobile vehicle (11), the guiding mechanism (13), the swinging mechanism (14), the cooling mechanism (16), and the welding torch (15) are all electrically connected to the control module, and the operation box is adsorbed on the plate to be welded through the second magnetic body.

10. A method for gas-electric vertical welding of ship thin plates (50), based on the gas-electric vertical welding device for ship thin plates (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S10: Vertically arrange two plates to be welded side by side, and form a V-shaped welding groove (51) extending from bottom to top between the two plates to be welded. Set the ceramic backing (24) at the root (512) of the V-shaped welding groove (51) and abut it against the two plates to be welded. S20: Place the mobile vehicle (11) on the face (511) of the V-shaped welding groove (51), adsorb it on the plate to be welded through the first magnetic body (12), and start the mobile vehicle (11) to make the mobile vehicle (11) move along the extension path of the welding groove (51) under the guidance of the guide wheels (138). S30: Set the distance of the welding wire (25) of the welding torch (15), the distance of the front and back swing of the welding torch (15), the residence time of the welding torch (15), the welding parameters of the root (512) of the V-shaped welding groove (51), and the welding parameters of the face (511) of the V-shaped welding groove (51). S40: Start the welding torch (15), the swinging mechanism (14), and the cooling mechanism (16) to make the welding torch (15) reciprocally swing between the root (512) of the V-shaped welding groove (51) and the face (511) of the V-shaped welding groove (51) under the action of the swinging mechanism (14). S50: During the welding process, change the current and voltage of the welding torch (15) at the root (512) and the face (511) of the V-shaped welding groove (51) so that the current of the welding torch (15) at the root (512) of the V-shaped welding groove (51) is greater than the current of the welding torch (15) at the face (511) of the V-shaped welding groove (51), and the voltage of the welding torch (15) at the root (512) of the V-shaped welding groove (51) is less than the voltage of the welding torch (15) at the face (511) of the V-shaped welding groove (51).

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