Vinasse bacterial fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof
The preparation of wine lees and mildew Aspergillus versicolor JP7 has solved the problem of pollution in the stacking of wine lees, achieved resource utilization and vegetable yield, and promoted the increase in agricultural product income.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510613399.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
AI Technical Summary
The stacking of liquor lees has led to environmental pollution and the resource utilization value has not been fully utilized. The existing technology has failed to effectively increase the yield of vegetables such as Shanghai green, spinach and Chinese cabbage.
The wine lees and mold Aspergillus versicolor JP7 were used to prepare wine lees and bacterial fertilizer. The wine lees and bacterial fertilizer was prepared by mixing and fermenting treatment and applied to vegetable planting.
It significantly increased the yield and nutritional content of vegetables such as Shanghai green, spinach and Chinese cabbage, increased the soil organic matter content and microbial community, and promoted the increase in agricultural product income.
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Figure CN120365104A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of microbial technology, and particularly relates to a distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] Distiller's grains of Chinese liquor, also known as fermented grains residue, are the residues after fermentation and distillation of fermented grains, and are the main by-products of the Chinese liquor industry. Generally, more than 3 tons of distiller's grains are produced for every 1 ton of liquor produced. On the one hand, due to the large amount of water (60% - 70%) and microorganisms in the wet distiller's grains of Chinese liquor, harmful gases and high-concentration organic leachate will be generated during stacking, which poses a great pollution hazard to the ecological environment. On the other hand, distiller's grains contain a large amount of organic components such as protein, starch, cellulose and fat, and have high value in resource utilization. They can be used in the fields of feed production, organic fertilizer preparation, functional material production, energy preparation, active substance extraction and raw material preparation, secondary liquor brewing, etc.
[0003] Distiller's grains come from grain cereals and contain residual organic components and nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium after liquor brewing. Preparing them into organic fertilizer through composting and using it for crop planting is an important way to realize material recycling. Applying organic fertilizer can provide the necessary nutrients for crop growth, increase the content of soil organic matter, and regulate soil properties and microbial communities. Field experiments show that applying distiller's grains compost can increase the yield of vegetables such as Shanghai green, spinach and crown daisy. Further improving the distiller's grains fertilizer is of positive significance for the green utilization of distiller's grains and the promotion of agricultural product income increase. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The present invention aims to provide a distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer to increase the yield of vegetables such as Shanghai green, spinach and crown daisy.
[0005] A distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer in this scheme, the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer includes distiller's grains and Aspergillus versicolor JP7. Aspergillus versicolor JP7 is preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection, with the preservation number CCTCC NO: M20242356 and the preservation address being Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
[0006] The preparation method of the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer includes the following steps:
[0007] Step 1: Mix the Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension with distiller's grains to obtain a mixture. The OD of the Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension 600 = 0.5 - 0.6, and the ratio of the Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension to distiller's grains is 1 ml: 500 - 700 g.
[0008] Step 2: Ferment the mixture for 5 - 10 days to obtain distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer.
[0009] Furthermore, the Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension is a mixture of Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spores and water.
[0010] Furthermore, the Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension is prepared by the following method: inoculate Aspergillus versicolor JP7 onto a YPD plate or a PDA plate, culture at 28 - 30 °C for 3 - 5 days, remove the spores formed on the YPD plate or PDA plate and dilute them with water to obtain the Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension.
[0011] Furthermore, the water is sterile water.
[0012] Research has found that the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer of the present application can effectively promote the growth of crops such as vegetables. Therefore, the present application also claims the use of the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer in promoting the growth of crops, especially in promoting the growth of vegetables.
[0013] Furthermore, the vegetables are Shanghaiqing, spinach or crown daisy. Description of the Drawings
[0014] Figure 1 Statistical data on the growth of Shanghaiqing for 25 days.
[0015] Figure 2 Statistical data on the growth of Shanghaiqing for 50 days.
[0016] Figure 3 Statistical data on the growth of spinach for 25 days.
[0017] Figure 4 Statistical data on the growth of spinach for 50 days.
[0018] Figure 5 Statistical data on the growth of crown daisy for 25 days.
[0019] Figure 6 Statistical data on the growth of crown daisy for 50 days.
[0020] Figures 1 - 6 In [the figures], A is plant height, B is fresh weight, C is leaf length, and D is the number of leaves. Detailed Embodiments
[0021] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:
[0022] I. Preparation method of distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer
[0023] It includes the following steps:
[0024] (1) Spore suspension preparation
[0025] Inoculate Aspergillus versicolor JP7 onto YPD medium, place it in an incubator at 30 °C, and incubate it upside down for 4 days. Use a sterilized bamboo stick to scrape the spores of Aspergillus versicolor JP7 into sterile water, and dilute it with sterile water to OD 600 = 0.5 - 0.6 to obtain an Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension. Aspergillus versicolor JP7 was deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection on October 28, 2024, and the viability of the culture was detected on November 4, 2024. The deposit number is CCTCC NO: M20242356, and the deposit address is Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
[0026] (2) Distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer preparation
[0027] Add 200 mL of Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension to 1200 g of distiller's grains, bag it, and ferment it at room temperature with the bag mouth open for 7 days to make distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer.
[0028] II. Preparation of distiller's grains fertilizer
[0029] Add 200 mL of distilled water to 1200 g of distiller's grains, bag it, and ferment it at room temperature with the bag mouth open for 7 days to make distiller's grains fertilizer.
[0030] III. Determination of organic matter content in distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer / distiller's grains fertilizer
[0031] Weigh 100 g of distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer, add 200 mL of dichloromethane, shake and mix well for 15 minutes. Filter it using multiple layers of gauze, add the filtrate to a rotary evaporator for concentration, and use GC-MS to detect the organic matter components in the concentrated solution. Use distiller's grains fertilizer (the detection process of distiller's grains fertilizer is the same as that of distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer) as the control group, and the detection results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2 below.
[0032] Table 1 Organic matter composition in distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer
[0033]
[0034]
[0035] Table 2 Organic matter composition in distiller's grains fertilizer
[0036]
[0037]
[0038] IV. Vegetable Pot Experiment
[0039] 1. Vegetable Planting
[0040] Take farmland soil, crush it, and sieve it through a 40-mesh sieve. Put the soil into flower pots (17.5 cm × 11.5 cm × 16.5 cm), add 50 g / pot of distiller's grains fertilizer as the distiller's grains group; add 50 g / pot of distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer as the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer group; those without adding distiller's grains fertilizer or distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer are used as the blank group. Use distilled water to thoroughly moisten the substrate. Sow the seeds of three kinds of vegetables - Shanghai green, spinach, and crown daisy into the flower pots of the three treatment groups respectively. During the growth process of the vegetables, supplement distilled water as needed.
[0041] 2. Index Determination
[0042] Samples are taken on the 25th day and the 50th day of vegetable growth respectively to measure the plant height, fresh weight, leaf length, number of leaves, carotenoid content, and vitamin C content of the vegetables.
[0043] (1) Sampling and analysis of Shanghai green on the 25th day
[0044] As shown in Table 3 and Appendix Figure 1 A, the average plant height of Shanghai green in the blank group is 7.91 cm, that in the distiller's grains group is 11.45 cm, and that in the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer group is 13.09 cm. Compared with the blank group, the average plant height in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 44.75%, and that in the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer group increased significantly by 65.54%. Compared with the distiller's grains group, the average plant height in the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer group increased significantly by 14.358%.
[0045] As shown in Table 3 and Appendix Figure 1 B, the average fresh weight of Shanghai green in the blank group is 0.08 g / plant, that in the distiller's grains group is 0.25 g / plant, and that in the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer group is 0.31 g / plant. Compared with the blank group, the average fresh weight in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 204.14%, and that in the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer group increased significantly by 281.47%. Compared with the distiller's grains group, the average fresh weight in the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer group increased significantly by 25.43%.
[0046] As shown in Table 3 and Appendix Figure 1 C, the average leaf length of Shanghai green in the blank group is 1.94 cm, that in the distiller's grains group is 5.01 cm, and that in the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer group is 5.89 cm. Compared with the blank group, the average leaf length in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 158.86%, and that in the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer group increased significantly by 204.60%. Compared with the distiller's grains group, the average leaf length in the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer group increased significantly by 17.67%.
[0047] As shown in Table 3 and Appendix Figure 1 D, the average number of leaves of Shanghaiqing in the blank group was 4.20 leaves / plant, that in the distiller's grains group was 5.10 leaves / plant, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 5.20 leaves / plant. Compared with the blank group, the average number of leaves in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 21.43%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 23.81%. There was no significant difference in the number of leaves between the distiller's grains group and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group.
[0048] Table 3 Growth situation of Shanghaiqing in 25 days
[0049] Item Blank group Distillers grains group Distillers grains bacterial fertilizer Plant height (cm) 7.91 11.45 13.09 Plant height growth rate - 44.75％ 65.54％ Fresh weight (g) 0.08 0.25 0.31 Fresh weight growth rate - 204.14％ 281.47％ Leaf length (cm) 1.94 5.01 5.89 Leaf length growth rate - 158.86％ 204.60％ Number of leaves (pcs) 4.20 5.10 5.20 Number of leaves growth rate - 21.43％ 23.81％ Carotenoid content (mg / g) 0.031 0.097 0.081 Carotenoid content growth rate - 212.90％ 161.29％ Vitamin C content (mg / g) 0.153 0.205 0.213 Vitamin C content growth rate - 33.99％ 39.22％
[0050] As shown in Table 3, the content of carotenoids in the blank group was 0.031 mg / g, that in the distiller's grains group was 0.097 mg / g, an increase of 212.9% compared with the blank group; that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.081 mg / g, an increase of 161.29% compared with the blank group. The content of vitamin C in the blank group was 0.153 mg / g, the content of vitamin C in the distiller's grains group was 0.205 mg / g, an increase of 33.99% compared with the blank group; the content of vitamin C in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.213 mg / g, an increase of 39.22% compared with the blank group. Both the distiller's grains group and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group could increase the contents of carotenoids and vitamin C in Shanghaiqing, and the effect of the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group in increasing the content of vitamin C was better.
[0051] (2) Sampling and analysis of Shanghaiqing at 50 days
[0052] As shown in Table 4 and Appendix Figure 2 A, the average plant height of Shanghaiqing in the blank group was 5.12 cm, that in the distiller's grains group was 15.78 cm, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 16.23 cm. Compared with the blank group, the average plant height in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 208.20%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 216.99%. There was no significant difference in the plant height between the distiller's grains group and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group.
[0053] As shown in Table 4 and Appendix Figure 2 B, the average fresh weight of Shanghaiqing in the blank group was 0.11 g / plant, that in the distiller's grains group was 1.77 g / plant, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 2.14 g / plant. Compared with the blank group, the average fresh weight in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 1509.09%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 1845.45%. Compared with the distiller's grains group, the average fresh weight in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 20.90%.
[0054] As shown in Table 4 and Appendix Figure 2As shown in Figure C, the average leaf length of Shanghaiqing in the blank group was 2.48 cm, that in the distiller's grains group was 9.9 cm, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 11.59 cm. Compared with the blank group, the average leaf length in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 300%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 368.28%. Compared with the distiller's grains group, the average leaf length in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 17.07%.
[0055] As shown in Table 4 and Appendix Figure 2 As shown in Figure D, the average number of leaves per plant of Shanghaiqing in the blank group was 3.40, that in the distiller's grains group was 5.40, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 6.10. Compared with the blank group, the average number of leaves per plant in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 58.82%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 79.41%. Compared with the distiller's grains group, the average leaf length in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 12.96%.
[0056] Table 4 Growth of Shanghaiqing in 50 days
[0057] Item Blank group Distillers grains group Distillers grains bacterial fertilizer Plant height (cm) 5.12 15.78 16.23 Plant height growth rate - 208.20％ 216.99％ Fresh weight (g) 0.11 1.77 2.14 Fresh weight growth rate - 1509.09％ 1845.45％ Leaf length (cm) 2.48 9.90 11.59 Leaf length growth rate - 300.00％ 368.28％ Number of leaves (pcs) 3.40 5.40 6.10 Number of leaves growth rate - 58.82％ 79.41％ Carotenoid content (mg / g) 0.039 0.065 0.066 Carotenoid content growth rate - 66.67％ 69.23％ Vitamin C content (mg / g) 0.084 0.180 0.208 Vitamin C content growth rate - 114.29％ 147.62％
[0058] As shown in Table 4, the carotenoid content in the blank group was 0.039 mg / g, that in the distiller's grains group was 0.065 mg / g, an increase of 66.67% compared with the blank group; that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.066 mg / g, an increase of 69.23% compared with the blank group. The vitamin C content in the blank group was 0.084 mg / g, that in the distiller's grains group was 0.18 mg / g, an increase of 114.29% compared with the blank group; that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.208 mg / g, an increase of 147.62% compared with the blank group. Both distiller's grains and distiller's grains bio-fertilizer can increase the carotenoid and vitamin C contents of Shanghaiqing, and the effect of the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group is better than that of the distiller's grains group.
[0059] (3) Sampling and analysis of spinach at 25 days
[0060] As shown in Table 5 and Appendix Figure 3 As shown in Figure A, the average plant height of spinach in the blank group was 8.86 cm, that in the distiller's grains group was 10.59 cm, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 10.19 cm. Compared with the blank group, the average plant height in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 19.53%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 15.01%. There was no significant difference in plant height between the distiller's grains group and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group.
[0061] As shown in Table 5 and Appendix Figure 3As shown in Figure B, the average fresh weight of spinach in the blank group was 0.09 g / plant, that in the distiller's grains group was 0.19 g / plant, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.20 g / plant. Compared with the blank group, the average fresh weight in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 111.11%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 122.22%. There was no significant difference in the fresh weight between the distiller's grains group and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group.
[0062] As shown in Table 5 and Appendix Figure 3 As shown in Figure C, the average leaf length of spinach in the blank group was 3.69 cm, that in the distiller's grains group was 5.68 cm, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 5.61 cm. Compared with the blank group, the average leaf length in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 53.93%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 52.03%. There was no significant difference in the leaf length between the distiller's grains group and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group.
[0063] As shown in Table 5 and Appendix Figure 3 As shown in Figure D, the average number of leaves of spinach in the blank group was 4.4 leaves / plant, that in the distiller's grains group was 5 leaves / plant, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 5.4 leaves / plant. Compared with the blank group, the average number of leaves in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 13.64%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 22.73%. There was no significant difference in the number of leaves between the distiller's grains group and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group.
[0064] Table 5 Growth situation of spinach in 25 days
[0065]
[0066]
[0067] As shown in Table 5, the carotenoid content in the blank group was 0.041 mg / g, that in the distiller's grains group was 0.091 mg / g, an increase of 121.95% compared with the blank group; that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.073 mg / g, an increase of 78.05% compared with the blank group. The vitamin C content in the blank group was 0.187 mg / g, the vitamin C content in the distiller's grains group was 0.203 mg / g, an increase of 8.56% compared with the blank group; the vitamin C content in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.213 mg / g, an increase of 13.9% compared with the blank group. Both distiller's grains and distiller's grains bio-fertilizer can increase the contents of carotenoid and vitamin C in spinach, and the effect of the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group in increasing the vitamin C content is better.
[0068] (4) Sampling and analysis of spinach at 50 days
[0069] As shown in Table 6 and Appendix Figure 4As shown in Figure A, the average plant height of spinach in the blank group was 5.33 cm, that in the distiller's grains group was 11.23 cm, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 12.18 cm. Compared with the blank group, the average plant height in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 110.694%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 128.518%. Compared with the distiller's grains group, the average plant height in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 8.459%.
[0070] As shown in Table 6 and Appendix Figure 4 As shown in Figure B, the average fresh weight of spinach in the blank group was 0.13 g / plant, that in the distiller's grains group was 0.64 g / plant, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.54 g / plant. Compared with the blank group, the average fresh weight in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 394.31%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 319.55%. There was no significant difference in fresh weight between the distiller's grains group and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group.
[0071] As shown in Table 6 and Appendix Figure 4 As shown in Figure C, the average leaf length of spinach in the blank group was 3.4 cm, that in the distiller's grains group was 8.42 cm, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 9.04 cm. Compared with the blank group, the average leaf length in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 147.65%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 165.88%. Compared with the distiller's grains group, the average leaf length in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 7.36%.
[0072] As shown in Table 6 and Figure 4 As shown in Figure D, the average number of leaves of spinach in the blank group was 4 leaves / plant, that in the distiller's grains group was 6.3 leaves / plant, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 7 leaves / plant. Compared with the blank group, the average number of leaves in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 57.5%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 75%. Compared with the distiller's grains group, the average leaf length in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 11.11%.
[0073] Table 6 Growth conditions of spinach in 50 days
[0074] Item Blank group Distillers grains group Distillers grains bacterial fertilizer Plant height (cm) 5.33 11.23 12.18 Plant height growth rate - 110.69％ 128.52％ Fresh weight (g) 0.13 0.64 0.54 Fresh weight growth rate - 394.31％ 315.38％ Leaf length (cm) 3.40 8.42 9.04 Leaf length growth rate - 147.65％ 165.88％ Number of leaves (pcs) 4.00 6.30 7.00 Number of leaves growth rate - 57.50％ 75.00％ Carotenoid content (mg / g) 0.042 0.080 0.064 Carotenoid content growth rate - 90.48％ 52.38％ Vitamin C content (mg / g) 0.089 0.234 0.269 Vitamin C content growth rate - 162.92％ 202.25％
[0075] As shown in Table 6, the carotenoid content in the blank group was 0.042 mg / g, that in the distiller's grains group was 0.08 mg / g, an increase of 90.48% compared with the blank group; that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.064 mg / g, an increase of 52.38% compared with the blank group. The vitamin C content in the blank group was 0.089 mg / g, the vitamin C content in the distiller's grains group was 0.234 mg / g, an increase of 162.92% compared with the blank group; the vitamin C content in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.269 mg / g, an increase of 202.25% compared with the blank group. Both distiller's grains and distiller's grains bio-fertilizer can increase the carotenoid and vitamin C contents of spinach, and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group has a better effect on increasing the vitamin C content.
[0076] (5) Sampling and analysis of crown daisy at 25 days
[0077] As shown in Table 7 and Appendix Figure 5 A, the average plant height of the crown daisy in the blank group was 6.75 cm, that in the distiller's grains group was 8.79 cm, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 9.63 cm. Compared with the blank group, the average plant height in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 30.22%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 42.67%. Compared with the distiller's grains group, the average plant height in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 9.56%.
[0078] As shown in Table 7 and Appendix Figure 5 B, the average fresh weight of the crown daisy in the blank group was 0.05 g / plant, that in the distiller's grains group was 0.09 g / plant, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.11 g / plant. Compared with the blank group, the average fresh weight in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 80%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 120%. Compared with the distiller's grains group, the average fresh weight in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 22.22%.
[0079] As shown in Table 7 and Appendix Figure 5 C, the average leaf length of spinach in the blank group was 1.23 cm, that in the distiller's grains group was 2.11 cm, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 2.52 cm. Compared with the blank group, the average leaf length in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 71.54%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 104.88%. Compared with the distiller's grains group, the average leaf length in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 19.43%.
[0080] As shown in Table 7 and Appendix Figure 5 D, the average number of leaves of the crown daisy in the blank group, the distiller's grains group and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 4 leaves / plant, and there was no significant difference among these three treatments.
[0081] Table 7 Growth situation of crown daisy at 25 days
[0082] Item Blank group Distillers grains group Distillers grains bacterial fertilizer Plant height (cm) 6.75 8.79 9.63 Plant height growth rate - 30.22％ 42.67％ Fresh weight (g) 0.05 0.09 0.11 Fresh weight growth rate - 80％ 120％ Leaf length (cm) 1.23 2.11 2.52 Leaf length growth rate - 71.54％ 104.88％ Number of leaves (pcs) 4.00 4.00 4.00 Number of leaves growth rate - 0.00％ 0.00％ Carotenoid content (mg / g) 0.018 0.041 0.061 Carotenoid content growth rate - 127.78％ 238.89％ Vitamin C content (mg / g) 0.053 0.064 0.062 Vitamin C content growth rate - 20.75％ 16.98％
[0083] As shown in Table 7, the carotenoid content in the blank group was 0.018 mg / g, that in the distiller's grains group was 0.041 mg / g, an increase of 127.78% compared with the blank group; that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.061 mg / g, an increase of 238.89% compared with the blank group. The vitamin C content in the blank group was 0.053 mg / g, the vitamin C content in the distiller's grains group was 0.064 mg / g, an increase of 20.75% compared with the blank group; the vitamin C content in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.062 mg / g, an increase of 16.98% compared with the blank group. Both distiller's grains and distiller's grains bio-fertilizer can increase the carotenoid and vitamin C contents of crown daisy, and the effect of the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group on increasing the vitamin C content is better.
[0084] (6) Sampling and analysis of crown daisy after 50 days
[0085] As shown in Table 8 and Appendix Figure 6 A, the average plant height of crown daisy in the blank group was 6.49 cm, that in the distiller's grains group was 15.35 cm, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 15.84 cm. Compared with the blank group, the average plant height in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 136.52%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 144.07%. There was no significant difference in plant height between the distiller's grains group and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group.
[0086] As shown in Table 8 and Appendix Figure 6 B, the average fresh weight of crown daisy in the blank group was 0.08 g / plant, that in the distiller's grains group was 0.58 g / plant, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.59 g / plant. Compared with the blank group, the average fresh weight in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 625%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 637.5%. There was no significant difference in fresh weight between the distiller's grains group and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group.
[0087] As shown in Table 8 and Appendix Figure 6 C, the average leaf length of crown daisy in the blank group was 2.17 cm, that in the distiller's grains group was 5.69 cm, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 5.97 cm. Compared with the blank group, the average leaf length in the distiller's grains group increased significantly by 162.21%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 175.11%. There was no significant difference in crown daisy between the distiller's grains group and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group.
[0088] As shown in Table 8 and Appendix Figure 6 D, the average number of leaves of crown daisy in the blank group was 5.1 leaves / plant, that in the distiller's grains group was 5.5 leaves / plant, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 5.9 leaves / plant. Compared with the control group, the average number of leaves in the distiller's grains group increased by 7.84%, and that in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group increased significantly by 15.69%. However, the significance difference analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the number of leaves between the distiller's grains group and the blank group, nor was there a significant difference in the number of leaves between the distiller's grains group and the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group.
[0089] Table 8 Growth of crown daisy after 50 days
[0090] Item Blank group Distillers grains group Distillers grains bacterial fertilizer Plant height (cm) 6.49 15.35 15.84 Plant height growth rate - 136.52％ 144.07％ Fresh weight (g) 0.08 0.58 0.59 Fresh weight growth rate - 625％ 637.5％ Leaf length (cm) 2.17 5.69 5.97 Leaf length growth rate - 162.21％ 175.11％ Number of leaves (pcs) 5.1 5.5 5.9 Number of leaves growth rate - 7.84％ 15.69％ Carotenoid content (mg / g) 0.045 0.063 0.053 Carotenoid content growth rate - 40.00％ 17.78％ Vitamin C content (mg / g) 0.032 0.093 0.099 Vitamin C content growth rate - 190.63％ 209.38％
[0091] As shown in Table 8, the carotenoid content in the blank group was 0.045 mg / g, in the distiller's grains group was 0.063 mg / g, an increase of 40% compared to the blank group; in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.053 mg / g, an increase of 17.78% compared to the blank group. The vitamin C content in the blank group was 0.032 mg / g, in the distiller's grains group was 0.093 mg / g, an increase of 190.63% compared to the blank group; in the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group was 0.099 mg / g, an increase of 209.38% compared to the blank group. Both distiller's grains and distiller's grains bio-fertilizer can increase the carotenoid and vitamin C contents of crown daisy, and the effect of the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group in increasing the vitamin C content is better.
[0092] V. Comprehensive evaluation of various indicators of vegetables under different treatments
[0093] Select the growth data of 3 kinds of vegetables for 50 days, conduct principal component analysis on plant height, fresh weight, leaf length and leaf number, construct a comprehensive evaluation formula of components according to the contribution rate of principal components, calculate the comprehensive scores of different treatments, and the higher the comprehensive score, the better the growth status of the vegetables.
[0094] 1. Comprehensive evaluation of various indicators of Shanghaiqing under different treatments
[0095] Through principal component analysis on the plant height, fresh weight, leaf length and leaf number of Shanghaiqing under 3 treatments, as shown in Table 9, the cumulative contribution rate of the first 3 comprehensive indicators was 99.18%. Therefore, extracting 3 principal components can represent most of the information of the original indicators, and their variance contribution rates were 94.62%, 3.00% and 1.68% respectively. Taking the proportions of the contribution rates of the 3 principal components in the cumulative contribution rate as weights, construct a comprehensive evaluation formula of components: Y = 0.9462X1 + 0.03X2 + 0.0168X3, where Y is the comprehensive score (Table 9).
[0096] Table 9 Principal component extraction
[0097] Principal component Eigenvalue Variance percentage / % Cumulative contribution rate / % 1 3.78 94.62 94.62 2 0.12 3.00 97.62 3 0.06 1.68 99.18
[0098] As shown in Table 10, among the 3 treatments of Shanghaiqing, the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer group (1.602) > the distiller's grains group (0.902) > the blank group (-2.504), and the results show that the distiller's grains bio-fertilizer has the best growth promotion effect on Shanghaiqing.
[0099] Table 10 Principal component factor scores and comprehensive scores of Shanghaiqing under different treatments
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[0102] 2. Comprehensive evaluation of various indicators of spinach under different treatments
[0103] Through the principal component analysis of the plant height, fresh weight, leaf length, and leaf number of spinach under 3 treatments, as can be seen from Table 11, the cumulative contribution rate of the first 3 comprehensive indicators is 99.22%. Therefore, extracting 3 principal components can represent most of the information of the original indicators, and their variance contribution rates are 88.34%, 6.75%, and 4.12% respectively. Using the proportions of the contribution rates of the 3 principal components in the cumulative contribution rate as weights, a comprehensive evaluation formula for components is constructed: Y = 0.8834X1 + 0.0675X2 + 0.0412X3, where Y is the comprehensive score (Table 11).
[0104] Table 11 Extraction of Principal Components
[0105] Principal component Eigenvalue Variance percentage / % Cumulative contribution rate / % 1 3.53 88.34 88.34 2 0.27 6.75 95.10 3 0.16 4.12 99.22
[0106] As shown in Table 12, among the 3 treatments of spinach, the distiller's grains and bacteria fertilizer group (1.376) > the distiller's grains group (0.789) > the blank group (-2.165). The results show that the distiller's grains and bacteria fertilizer has the best effect on promoting the growth of spinach.
[0107] Table 12 Principal Component Factor Scores and Comprehensive Scores of Spinach under Different Treatments
[0108]
[0109]
[0110] 3. Comprehensive Evaluation of Each Index of Chrysanthemum coronarium under Different Treatments
[0111] Through the principal component analysis of the plant height, fresh weight, leaf length, and leaf number of Chrysanthemum coronarium under 3 treatments, as can be seen from Table 13, the cumulative contribution rate of the first 3 comprehensive indicators is 99.44%. Therefore, extracting 3 principal components can represent most of the information of the original indicators, and their variance contribution rates are 79.93%, 18.04%, and 1.47% respectively. Using the proportions of the contribution rates of the 3 principal components in the cumulative contribution rate as weights, a comprehensive evaluation formula for components is constructed: Y = 0.7993X1 + 0.1804X2 + 0.0147X3, where Y is the comprehensive score (Table 13).
[0112] Table 13 Extraction of Principal Components
[0113] Principal component Eigenvalue Variance percentage / % Cumulative contribution rate / % 1 3.20 79.93 79.93 2 0.72 18.04 97.97 3 0.06 1.47 99.44
[0114] As shown in Table 14, among the 3 treatments of Chrysanthemum coronarium, the distiller's grains and bacteria fertilizer group (1.137) > the distiller's grains group (0.748) > the blank group (-1.884). The results show that the distiller's grains and bacteria fertilizer has the best effect on promoting the growth of Chrysanthemum coronarium.
[0115] Table 14 Principal Component Factor Scores and Comprehensive Scores of Chrysanthemum coronarium under Different Treatments
[0116]
[0117] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific structures and characteristics known in the art are not described in detail herein. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The protection scope claimed in this application shall be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners and the like recorded in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. A distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer, characterized in that: The distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer includes distiller's grains and Aspergillus versicolor JP7. Aspergillus versicolor JP7 is preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection, with the preservation number CCTCC NO: M20242356 and the preservation address being Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
2. The preparation method of the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1. Mix the Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension with distiller's grains to obtain a mixture. The OD of the Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension is 600 0.5 - 0.6, and the ratio of the Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension to distiller's grains is 1 ml: 500 - 700 g. Step 2: Ferment the mixture for 5 - 10 days to obtain the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer.
3. The preparation method of the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein: The Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension is a mixture of Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spores and water.
4. The preparation method of the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension is prepared by the following method: inoculate Aspergillus versicolor JP7 onto a YPD plate or a PDA plate, culture at 28 - 30 °C for 3 - 5 days, remove the spores formed on the YPD plate or PDA plate and dilute them with water to obtain the Aspergillus versicolor JP7 spore suspension.
5. The preparation method of the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water is sterile water.
6. Application of the distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer according to claim 1 in promoting the growth of crops.
7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that: The crops are vegetables.
8. Use of distiller's grains bacterial fertilizer according to claim 7 in promoting the growth of vegetables, characterized in that: The vegetables are Shanghaiqing, spinach or crown daisy.