Vertical heat-charcoal co-production furnace based on forestry and agricultural residues

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hot charcoal co-production furnaces, and provides a vertical hot charcoal co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, which is characterized in that a carbonization cavity is arranged in a furnace body, two discharge flashboards are arranged at a discharge port in a sliding manner, and the discharge flashboards are used for controlling charcoal to be discharged from the discharge port; one discharging gate plate can discharge charcoal from the carbonization cavity to the cooling area after sliding, and the other discharging gate plate can discharge the charcoal from the cooling area after sliding; according to the scheme, the cooling area is formed between the two sliding flashboards of the discharging port, when the flashboards are opened step by step to discharge charcoal, air can be prevented from entering the carbonization cavity to maintain an anaerobic environment, waste heat generated when the charcoal is cooled can be recycled, carbonization and cooling are conducted synchronously, efficiency is improved, and hot charcoal collaborative output is achieved; the furnace can also collect pyrolysis gas and separate wood gas (carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and the like) in the pyrolysis gas, the wood gas belongs to inflammable gas, and the gas is pressurized by a fan and then conveyed to heat-consuming equipment such as a boiler, a drying furnace and a heat-conducting oil furnace, so that hot carbon co-production is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of thermal carbon co-production furnaces, and specifically, to a vertical thermal-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste. Background Art

[0002] Current agricultural and forestry waste, such as straw, wood chips, etc., often face problems such as environmental pollution caused by burning and occupying space due to stacking due to the lack of efficient conversion and utilization technologies. Traditional treatment methods not only waste resources but also are difficult to realize the resource utilization of waste. For example, traditional carbonization equipment consists of a furnace body, a heating system (such as oxygen, gas heating), a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, and a gas collection device, etc. During the process of treating agricultural and forestry waste, under the condition of isolating or restricting the supply of oxygen, the agricultural and forestry waste will be heated and successively pass through the drying stage, the pyrolysis stage, and the carbonization stage. Finally, after the carbonization reaction ends, after the furnace body cools down, the discharge outlet is opened to take out the charcoal, and at the same time, the residual tar and gas are treated, and the pyrolysis wood gas is not reasonably utilized, and the heat energy is not output externally.

[0003] The above traditional carbonization equipment has problems such as heat waste and uneven heating of materials during the carbonization process. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a carbonization device that can realize the coordinated production of heat and carbon and improve the resource utilization rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above defects, embodiments of the present invention provide a vertical thermal-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, which solves the technical problems in the related art that the traditional carbonization equipment heats the agricultural and forestry waste therein unevenly and cannot realize the coordinated production of heat and carbon.

[0005] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical thermal-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, including: A furnace body, in which there is a carbonization chamber and a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, and a heat recovery port communicating with the carbonization chamber. Two discharge gate plates are slidably arranged at intervals up and down at the discharge outlet, and the discharge gate plates are used to control the discharge of charcoal from the discharge outlet. A cooling area is formed between the two discharge gate plates. After the upper discharge gate plate slides open, the charcoal can be discharged from the carbonization chamber to the cooling area, and after the lower discharge gate plate slides open, the charcoal can be discharged from the cooling area out of the furnace body; A plurality of heating gas supply pipes, and a plurality of the heating gas supply pipes are all inserted into the furnace body and arranged at intervals.

[0006] For example, a vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention has the furnace body arranged vertically. The top of the furnace body has the feed inlet, and the bottom has the discharge outlet. A plurality of the heating gas supply pipes are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in sequence. Each heating gas supply pipe has a gas supply port communicating with the carbonization chamber and is provided with a protective cover. The protective cover is located above the gas supply port and is used to protect the gas supply port to prevent blockage.

[0007] For example, a vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention has two heating gas supply pipes, and the protective cover is conical and can disperse the waste. The cross-sectional area of the horizontal section of the protective cover gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0008] For example, a vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention has the volume of the upper protective cover smaller than that of the lower protective cover to disperse the waste layer by layer.

[0009] For example, a vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention has the carbonization chamber including a preheating feed chamber, a carbonization intermediate chamber, and a discharge chamber that are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The preheating feed chamber communicates with the feed inlet and the heat recovery port. The heating gas supply pipes are located in the carbonization intermediate chamber, and the discharge chamber communicates with the discharge outlet.

[0010] For example, a vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention has the heating gas supply pipe including: A gas supply annular pipe fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body; A plurality of gas outlet pipes. A plurality of the gas outlet pipes are all arranged inside the gas supply annular pipe and are arranged in a circumferential pattern. One end of each gas outlet pipe away from the gas supply annular pipe has the gas supply port, and each gas outlet pipe penetrates through the protective cover and can support the protective cover.

[0011] For example, a vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention has the furnace body including an upper shell and a lower shell that are detachably connected up and down. The upper shell has the preheating feed chamber and the carbonization intermediate chamber, and the lower shell has the discharge chamber.

[0012] For example, a vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention has a cross-sectional area of the underground shell that gradually decreases from top to bottom. The inner wall at the top end of the underground shell and the outer wall at the bottom end of the above-ground shell are slidably engaged vertically. A fixing groove is provided on the inner wall at the top of the underground shell, and a fixing block is slidably provided vertically at the bottom end of the above-ground shell. The fixing block is configured to be press-fitted into the fixing groove after descending, so that the above-ground shell and the underground shell are fixedly connected.

[0013] For example, a vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention has a support ring fixedly provided on the outer wall at the bottom end of the above-ground shell, and an annular support groove for the support ring to lift is provided on the inner wall at the top end of the underground shell. It further includes: An elastic member, with both ends of the elastic member acting on the support ring and the underground shell respectively, located within the annular support groove, and the elastic member is located below the support ring; Wherein, after the fixing block disengages from the fixing groove, the elastic member facilitates the relative shaking of the above-ground shell and the underground shell, making the charcoal denser.

[0014] For example, a vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention has both discharge gate plates sliding horizontally and arranged at intervals vertically. A cover plate is detachably provided at the feed port, and a heat recovery pipe is provided at the heat recovery port.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: First, several heating gas supply pipes are inserted into the furnace body and arranged at intervals, capable of providing heating gas to the carbonization chamber from different heights and positions. This multi-directional and multi-level gas supply method enables the heat to be more evenly distributed in the carbonization chamber, ensuring that the agricultural and forestry waste is heated more evenly during the carbonization process.

[0016] Secondly, to achieve the co-production of heat and charcoal, a heat recovery port connected to the carbonization chamber is provided on the furnace body. Through this port, the high-temperature flue gas (heat) generated during the carbonization process can be recovered and utilized in a timely manner. Specifically, an external blower can be connected to the heat recovery port to supply heat to boilers, drying furnaces, or heat-conducting oil furnaces, etc., which can be used for civil or industrial purposes. At the same time, the uncarbonized waste can be preheated, improving the utilization rate of heat and avoiding waste of heat. Meanwhile, the two discharge gate plates are controlled by sliding to achieve the orderly discharge of the formed charcoal. By opening the gate plates step by step, air can be prevented from entering the carbonization chamber when discharging the charcoal, ensuring an anaerobic environment. At the same time, the cooling area can recover the waste heat of the charcoal, enhancing the heat utilization rate. Specifically, when the charcoal is first discharged from the carbonization chamber to the cooling area, on the one hand, it can cool the charcoal, facilitating subsequent discharging and processing. On the other hand, during the cooling process of the charcoal, the heat carried by itself can be recovered and utilized, further improving the heat utilization rate. At the same time, the setting of the cooling area does not affect the continuation of the carbonization reaction inside the carbonization chamber, enabling the carbonization and cooling processes to proceed simultaneously, improving production efficiency, and achieving the co-production of heat and charcoal. This furnace type can also collect the pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass materials and separate the wood gas from it. The main components of the wood gas are carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, etc., which belong to flammable gases. This gas is pressurized by a blower and then transported to heat-using equipment such as boilers, drying furnaces, and heat-conducting oil furnaces to achieve the co-production of heat and charcoal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the following drawings are only some exemplary embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of a vertical heat-charcoal co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 For Figure 1 Internal structural schematic diagram of the furnace body in the embodiment of Figure 3 For Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of Figure 4 For Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the heating gas supply pipe in the embodiment of Figure 5 Cooperation diagram of the above-ground shell and the underground shell in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 For Figure 5 Enlarged view of part A in Figure 7 For Figure 5 the state change diagram of the above-ground shell and the underground shell in the embodiment of Figure 8 For Figure 5 the explosion diagram of Figure 9 For Figure 8 the enlarged view of part B in

[0019] In the figure: 1. Furnace body, 101. Carbonization chamber, 1011. Preheating feed chamber, 1012. Intermediate carbonization chamber, 1013. Discharge chamber, 102. Feed port, 103. Discharge port, 104. Heat recovery port, 105. Above-ground shell, 1051. Fixed block, 106. Underground shell, 1061. Fixed groove, 2. Discharge gate, 201. Cooling area, 3. Heating gas supply pipe, 301. Gas supply port, 302. Gas supply ring pipe, 303. Gas outlet pipe, 4. Protective cover, 5. Support ring, 6. Annular support groove, 7. Elastic member, 8. Cover plate, 9. Heat recovery pipe. Specific embodiments

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention.

[0021] For the sake of simplicity of the drawings, only the parts related to the disclosure are schematically shown in each figure, and they do not represent their actual structures as products. In addition, for the sake of simplicity and easy understanding of the drawings, in some figures, parts with the same structure or function are only schematically shown as one of them, or only one of them is marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only this one", but also means "more than one" situation, and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".

[0022] In this article, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0023] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but in contact through additional features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0024] In the description of this embodiment, the orientation or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplifying the operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0025] In addition, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions, and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] As Figures 1 to 2 shown, it shows a vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste in an embodiment of the present invention. The furnace body 1 is in a vertical structure, and the internal carbonization chamber 101 provides a closed space for carbonizing agricultural and forestry waste. The feeding port 102 at the top can input raw materials such as straw and wood chips into it, while the discharging port 103 at the bottom is responsible for discharging the charcoal produced after carbonization, facilitating automatic recovery by its own weight, and the heat recovery port 104 can collect the waste heat generated during the carbonization process, such as high-temperature flue gas, for preheating the waste, or directly recovering the waste heat to solve the problem of heat waste in traditional equipment.

[0027] Among them, the two sliding discharging gate plates 2 at the discharging port 103 are the key to solving the heat-carbon co-production. The cooling area 201 between them can let the high-temperature charcoal after carbonization cool down here first, avoiding heat dissipation and scalding risks caused by direct discharge, and can also utilize the waste heat. Specifically, during operation: first slide the upper discharging gate plate 2, at this time the lower discharging gate plate 2 is in a closed state, and the charcoal in the carbonization chamber 101 falls into the cooling area 201, then close the upper discharging gate plate 2, wait for the wood chips in the cooling area 201 to cool down (or after recovering its waste heat), and then open the lower discharging gate plate 2 to discharge the charcoal. The whole process does not require waiting for the entire furnace body 1 to cool down, and the carbonization operation can be carried out normally, which not only shortens the production cycle, recovers the heat of the high-temperature flue gas therein, solves the problems of traditional carbonization equipment, and realizes efficient heat-carbon co-production.

[0028] Furthermore, to synchronously solve the problem of uneven heat absorption in the furnace body 1, several heating gas supply pipes 3 are inserted into the furnace body 1 and arranged at intervals, enabling heating media such as gas and oxygen to uniformly enter different positions of the carbonization chamber 101, making the heat more evenly cover the materials, ensuring that straw, wood chips, etc. are heated uniformly during the drying, pyrolysis, and carbonization stages, and improving the carbonization quality and resource conversion efficiency.

[0029] In addition, as Figure 1 shown, part of the furnace body is located below the ground. From the perspective of heat utilization, the ground can play a good heat insulation role, reducing the heat dissipation of the furnace body to the surrounding environment, reducing the energy consumption for maintaining the carbonization temperature in the carbonization chamber 101, and helping to improve the thermal efficiency; from the perspectives of space and operation, the height of the furnace body above the ground is reduced, facilitating feeding at the feeding port 102 and overhauling the furnace body, saving ground space, optimizing the factory layout, and the ground can also block and absorb the operating noise.

[0030] As Figure 2 shown, the carbonization chamber 101 is refined into a preheating feeding chamber 1011, a carbonization intermediate chamber 1012, and a discharging chamber 1013 that are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The preheating feeding chamber 1011 is connected to the top feeding port 102 and the top heat recovery port 104. The heating gas supply pipe 3 is located in the carbonization intermediate chamber 1012. The discharging chamber 1013 is connected to the bottom discharging port 103, constructing an efficient process partition for heat-carbon co-production. The preheating feeding chamber 1011 connects the feeding port 102 and the heat recovery port 104, using the waste heat of carbonization to preliminarily dry and preheat raw materials such as straw, avoiding the problem of sudden heating of raw materials in traditional equipment; the heating gas supply pipes 3 are centrally arranged in the carbonization intermediate chamber 1012, and the temperature in the pyrolysis and carbonization stages (400 - 600 °C) is accurately controlled through layered heating, ensuring the quality of charcoal and the output of pyrolysis gas; the discharging chamber 1013 is connected to the discharging port 103, enabling the high-temperature charcoal to cool slowly and transition, and the waste heat can also be used to preheat subsequent waste.

[0031] The feeding port 102 and the discharging port 103 can both take forms such as normal rectangular openings to complete their functions. To ensure that the carbonization chamber 101 is relatively closed as a whole, not only a discharging gate plate 2 is set at the discharging port 103, but also a cover plate 8 needs to be detachably set at the feeding port 102; but to achieve full heat recovery, as Figure 2 shown, several heat recovery ports 104 can be opened around, and the external pipelines are correspondingly connected to each heat recovery port 104 to collect and recover the heat of the flue gas.

[0032] As Figure 3 shown, the heating gas supply pipes 3 horizontally cross the carbonization intermediate chamber 1012 at intervals from top to bottom, showing a three-dimensional distribution. The hot air flow can be ejected from the air supply ports 301 at different heights, solving the problem of uneven heat absorption in traditional equipment. Among them, the air supply port 301 can also be a long slit or porous shape, enabling the air flow to be ejected dispersedly and avoiding concentrated impact on the waste.

[0033] In addition, a protective cover 4 is installed above the air supply port 301 to block the falling waste during carbonization and prevent blockage. Further, the protective cover 4 can be in an inverted V shape, umbrella shape or frustum shape, covering directly above the air supply port 301 and fixed to the air supply pipe. The edge extends to the outside to form a shielding space. When the blocking and anti-blocking function is normally exerted, the falling waste will be guided away in all directions by the conical surface to avoid accumulation at the center, so that the waste can be evenly dispersed to improve the carbonization effect.

[0034] Furthermore, it should be noted that there are at least two heating air supply pipes 3, which are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. If the protective covers 4 on each heating air supply pipe 3 are of the same size, only the uppermost protective cover 4 will have a dispersing effect, which will greatly increase its burden and is easy to be damaged. To solve this drawback, the volume of the upper protective cover 4 is set to be smaller than that of the lower protective cover 4, so that each protective cover 4 can play a role in dispersing waste and improve the carbonization effect.

[0035] As Figure 4 shown, the heating air supply pipe 3 is further split into an air supply annular pipe 302 and several outlet pipes 303. Structurally, the air supply annular pipe 302 is fixed to the inner wall of the furnace body 1 in a ring shape and can evenly receive external heat sources input (such as gas, hot air) as the "main channel" for heat distribution to ensure the stable supply of heat medium. The several outlet pipes 303 are arranged along the inner circumference of the air supply annular pipe 302, and the air supply ports 301 at their ends can make the hot air flow spray out from different circumferential positions of the carbonization intermediate cavity 1012, cooperating with the previous layered layout to construct a "three-dimensional + circumferential" dual uniform heating network.

[0036] At the same time, the outlet pipe 303 penetrates through the protective cover 4 and plays a supporting role to stably cover the protective cover 4 above the air supply port 301. In this way, not only the physical structure of the outlet pipe 303 is used to strengthen the installation stability of the protective cover 4 to prevent it from shifting due to material impact and thermal expansion and contraction, but also the circumferentially arranged outlet pipes 303 make the protective cover 4 intercept the falling straw debris, tar vapor, etc. in the carbonization intermediate cavity 1012 more evenly, comprehensively protecting the air supply port 301 from being blocked.

[0037] As Figure 5As shown, the furnace body 1 includes an above-ground shell 105 and an underground shell 106 which are detachably connected up and down. The above-ground shell 105 has a preheating feed chamber 1011 and a carbonization intermediate chamber 1012, and the underground shell 106 has a discharge chamber 1013. The above-ground shell 105 is responsible for "preheating + carbonization" and is prone to dust and coking, while the underground shell 106 is responsible for "discharging + cooling" and is less susceptible to wear and coking. It can be disassembled to achieve "on-demand maintenance" and solve the problems of difficult overall disassembly and high cost, and can quickly handle operation and maintenance failures and reduce downtime. The specific connection structure can be selected as flange + seal. The flange ensures strength and easy disassembly and assembly, and the ceramic fiber sealing pad maintains the closedness of the carbonization chamber 101. This structure can also replace the above-ground shell 105 separately to adapt to process adjustments, thereby facilitating the resource utilization of agricultural and forestry waste.

[0038] like Figures 6 to 9 As shown, the above-ground shell 105 and the underground shell 106 of the furnace body 1 are detachably connected, and the specific structure is that the inner wall of the top end and the outer wall of the bottom end of the above-ground shell 105 are vertically slidably matched, that is, the top end of the underground shell 106 is sleeved with the bottom end of the above-ground shell 105, and a fixing groove 1061 is opened on the top inner wall of the underground shell 106, and a vertically slidable fixing block 1051 is correspondingly provided at the bottom end of the above-ground shell 105. After the fixing block 1051 is lowered, it can be inserted into the fixing groove 1061 through interference to realize the fixed connection between the two. When the fixed connection between the two is cancelled, that is, when the fixing block 1051 rises, the above-ground shell 105 and the underground shell 106 can be quickly disassembled.

[0039] In addition, the cross-sectional area of the horizontal section of the underground shell 106 gradually decreases from top to bottom. From the perspective of structural stability, this design is compatible with the installation method of the underground shell 106 buried underground. The cross-sectional shape of being larger at the top and smaller at the bottom makes the underground shell 106 appear as an "inverted cone". When buried underground, it can form a natural support with the help of the lateral pressure of the land, thereby enhancing the stability of the overall structure. In terms of discharging, the gradually shrinking cross-section can guide the carbonized charcoal to slide naturally in the discharging chamber 1013. In conjunction with the sliding operation of the discharging gate plate 2, the accumulation and blockage of charcoal in the discharging chamber 1013 can be reduced.

[0040] Furthermore, on the basis of detachability, in order to ensure that the carbonized charcoal is denser in the discharge chamber 1013, make the charcoal more stable when discharged, reduce the poor discharge caused by looseness, and the denser charcoal can also be better for subsequent storage or transportation and other processing, a support ring 5 is integrally formed or welded on the outer wall of the bottom end of the above-ground shell 105, and an annular support groove 6 for the support ring 5 to be lifted and lowered is provided on the inner wall of the top end of the underground shell 106. An elastic member 7 is provided in the annular support groove 6 below the support ring 5 so that the above-ground shell 105 and the underground shell 106 can shake relative to each other under the action of external force after the above-ground shell 105 and the underground shell 106 are disassembled. After the elastic member 7 loses the constraint of the fixed block 1051, because the two ends of the elastic member 7 act on the support ring 5 and the underground shell 106 respectively, an external force acts on the above-ground shell 105, which can cause the two to shake relative to each other, effectively eliminating the gap where charcoal accumulates.

[0041] In addition, the fixing block 5 in the annular support groove 6 will not affect the disassembly relationship between the upper shell 105 and the lower shell 106. Correspondingly, the structure around the annular support groove 6 can be changed to be composed of multiple components instead of being integrally formed.

[0042] Specific working principle: Agricultural and forestry waste is filled from the feed inlet 102. When passing through the preheating feed cavity 1011, it absorbs the heat conducted from the carbonization intermediate cavity 1012 and the high-temperature flue gas introduced from the heat recovery port 104 for drying and preheating, and then falls into the carbonization intermediate cavity 1012. At this time, the heating gas supply pipe 3 feeds heating gas (such as air or gas) into the carbonization intermediate cavity 1012. Since the two groups of heating gas supply pipes 3 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction and the outlet pipes 303 are annularly distributed, heat can be conveyed to the material layer from different heights and directions. With the uniform dispersion effect of the protective cover 4 on the material, the waste in the carbonization intermediate cavity 1012 is heated evenly, solving the problem of uneven heating in traditional equipment. When the waste is carbonized, step-by-step discharging is realized by controlling the sliding of the discharge gate 2: first, open the upper gate to make the charcoal fall from the discharge cavity 1013 into the cooling area 201 between the two gates, and then close the upper gate and open the lower gate to discharge it outside the furnace. During this process, the heat recovery port 104 introduces the combustible gas generated by carbonization into the boiler for recycling through the heat recovery pipe 9, forming a "carbonization heat generation - heat recovery - preheating material" circular system, realizing the coordinated production of heat and carbon.

[0043] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste, characterized in that, Comprising: A furnace body (1), within which there is a carbonization chamber (101) and a feed inlet (102), a discharge outlet (103), and a heat recovery port (104) that communicate with the carbonization chamber (101). At the discharge outlet (103), two discharge gate plates (2) are slidably provided at intervals up and down. The discharge gate plates (2) are used to control the discharge of charcoal from the discharge outlet (103). A cooling area (201) is formed between the two discharge gate plates (2). After the upper discharge gate plate (2) slides open, it can discharge charcoal from the carbonization chamber (101) to the cooling area (201). After the lower discharge gate plate (2) slides open, it can discharge charcoal from the cooling area (201) out of the furnace body (1); This furnace type can also collect the pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass materials, separate the wood gas from it. The main components of the wood gas are carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, etc., which belong to flammable gases. This gas is pressurized by a blower and then transported to heat-using equipment such as boilers, drying furnaces, and heat-conducting oil furnaces to achieve combined production of hot charcoal. A number of heating gas supply pipes (3), and a number of the heating gas supply pipes (3) are all inserted into the furnace body (1) and arranged at intervals.

2. The vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body (1) is arranged vertically. The top of the furnace body (1) has the feed inlet (102), and the bottom has the discharge outlet (103). A number of the heating gas supply pipes (3) are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in sequence. Each heating gas supply pipe (3) has a gas supply port (301) that communicates with the carbonization chamber (101), and a protective cover (4) is provided on each. The protective cover (4) is located above the gas supply port (301) and is used to protect the gas supply port (301) to prevent blockage.

3. The vertical thermal-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are two heating gas supply pipes (3), and the protective cover (4) is conical and can disperse waste. The cross-sectional area of the horizontal section of the protective cover (4) gradually increases from top to bottom.

4. A vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 3, characterized in that, The volume of the upper protective cover (4) is smaller than the volume of the lower protective cover (4) to disperse waste layer by layer.

5. A vertical thermal-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that The carbonization chamber (101) includes a preheating feed chamber (1011), a carbonization intermediate chamber (1012), and a discharge chamber (1013) that are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The preheating feed chamber (1011) communicates with the feed inlet (102) and the heat recovery port (104). The heating gas supply pipes (3) are located in the carbonization intermediate chamber (1012). The discharge chamber (1013) communicates with the discharge outlet (103).

6. The vertical thermal-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heating gas supply pipe (3) includes: A gas supply annular pipe (302), which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body (1); A number of gas outlet pipes (303), and a number of the gas outlet pipes (303) are all arranged inside the gas supply annular pipe (302) and arranged in a circular pattern. One end of each gas outlet pipe (303) away from the gas supply annular pipe (302) has the gas supply port (301), and each gas outlet pipe (303) passes through the protective cover (4) and can support the protective cover (4).

7. The vertical heat-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 5, characterized in that, The furnace body (1) includes an above-ground shell (105) and a below-ground shell (106) that are detachably connected up and down. The above-ground shell (105) has the preheating feed cavity (1011) and the carbonization intermediate cavity (1012), and the below-ground shell (106) has the discharge cavity (1013).

8. A vertical thermal-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of the horizontal section of the below-ground shell (106) gradually decreases from top to bottom. The inner wall of the top end of the below-ground shell (106) is in sliding fit with the outer wall of the bottom end of the above-ground shell (105) vertically. A fixing groove (1061) is formed in the inner wall of the top of the below-ground shell (106), and a fixing block (1051) is arranged to slide vertically at the bottom end of the above-ground shell (105). The fixing block (1051) is configured to be press-fitted into the fixing groove (1061) after descending, so that the above-ground shell (105) is fixedly connected to the below-ground shell (106).

9. A vertical thermal-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 8, characterized in that, A support ring (5) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the bottom end of the above-ground shell (105), and the inner wall of the top end of the below-ground shell (106) has an annular support groove (6) for the support ring (5) to move up and down. The vertical thermal-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste further includes: An elastic member (7), the two ends of the elastic member (7) act on the support ring (5) and the below-ground shell (106) respectively, and are located in the annular support groove (6), and the elastic member (7) is located below the support ring (5); Wherein, after the fixing block (1051) disengages from the fixing groove (1061), the elastic member (7) facilitates the relative shaking of the above-ground shell (105) and the below-ground shell (106), so that the charcoal is denser.

10. A vertical thermal-carbon co-production furnace based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both of the two discharge gate plates (2) slide horizontally and are arranged at intervals vertically. A cover plate (8) is detachably arranged at the feed port (102), and a heat recovery pipe (9) is arranged at the heat recovery port (104).

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